统考版2024届高考英语二轮专项分层特训卷40分阅读理解提分练二

40分阅读理解提分练(二)阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)第一节(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。(A)HiddengardensinLondonFromnaturereservestocommunityspace,we'vedugupsomeofLondon'smostsecretgardens,whereyou'llfindpocketsofsplendidnatureandforgetaboutallyourworries.Queen'sWoodAcrosstheroadfromthebetter­knownHighgateWood,thereissomethingmoremagicalandquieteraboutQueen'sWood—itspathwaysthroughthemountainashandcherrytrees.ItmightbeonlyafewhundredmetresfromHighgatetubestation,butnativebluebellsandcountlessspeciesofsmallanimalsmakethisawonderfulretreat.PhoenixGardenBehindCharingCrossRoadthisisasuperspotforacomfortablelunchtimebreak.Lookoutforfrogsandsparrows,whicharethrivingthankstoanenthusiasticconservationinitiative.Thegardenclosedlastautumnforredevelopmentworkbuthasreopenedintimetotakeadvantageofalongspellofgoodweather.Postman'sParkAshortwalkfromStPaul'sCathedralliesoneofLondon'smosttouchingmonuments.WithinthequietPostman'sPark,nestledbeneatharoof,arejustover50ceramicplaques(匾牌),eachhonoringthememoryofanordinarypersonwholosthisorherlifetryingtosaveothers.RedCrossGardenOriginallyintendedtogiveSouthwarkchildrenaspacetoplay,thisVictoriangardenhasbeenrestoredtoitsoriginaldesign,completewithponds,cottages,bandstandsandformalborders.Whilerelaxingintherestoredbandstand,it'shardtoimaginetheviewbackin1887whenitwassurroundedbyworkhousesandfactories.1．Whichgardenisclosetoasubwaystation?A．Queen'sWood.B．PhoenixGarden.C．Postman'sPark.D．RedCrossGarden.2．WhatcanyoudoinPostman'sPark?A．Takephotosofoldworkhouses.B．Swiminthepond.C．Learnstoriesaboutselflessness.D．Enjoyabandshow.3．WhatdoPhoenixGardenandRedCrossGardenhaveincommon?A．Theyhavegotsomerepairwork.B．Theyweresurroundedbyfactories.C．Theywillbetemporarilyclosed.D．Theyhavethesameoriginaldesign.(B)[2023·武汉市高三模拟试题]WhenMichaelFordwasakid,hedreamedofbeingacardesigner.Butwhenhewas11,thingschanged.That'swhenhewenttoacar­designprogramandendeduplearningaboutarchitectureinstead.“Asayoungster,Iwasluckyenoughtohavesomeconversationswiththepeoplerunningthatsummerprogram，”hetoldTimeforKids.TalkingwithdesignerstherestimulatedFord'sinterestinarchitecture.Hewentontopursueitasacareer.NowFordhopestoinspirethesameinterestinotheryoungpeople.Lastyear,helaunchedhisownarchitectureprogramforkidsaged10to17.Buthisprogramhasanunexpectedfeature.Campersbasetheirdesignsonhip­hoplyrics.Ford'sgoalistoinspireanewgenerationofarchitectsfromunderrepresentedcommunities.“Only4%ofarchitectsareAfricanAmericans，”hesaid.“Mostofourbuildings,mostofourparksandpublicspaces,haveallbeendesignedbywhitemales.Ifwecanincreasediversity,theentireworldwillnowstarttoexperiencespacefromatotallynewperspective.”FordcallshisprogramtheHipHopArchitectureCamp.Theone­weekcampisofferedtostudentsaroundthecountry.Atthecamp,studentslistentoandreadthelyricsofhip­hopsongs.Thentheyusesomeofthoselyricstoguidetheminplanningacityblock.Ongraphpaper,eachsquarerepresentsaword.StudentsbuildwithLegooneachsquarebasedonthenumberofsyllables(音节)ineachword.Intheend,theyhavewhatlookslikeacityskyline.KidsthenuseadesignprogramcalledTinkercadtotransformtheirLegomodelsinto3Ddigitalversions.Fordbelievesthisapproachhelpscamperslearnthatarchitectureisaboutmorethanjustconstruction.“Thearchitect'sNumber1jobistoservepeople'sneeds，”hesays.“Architectureplaysacriticalroleindeterminingorchallenginghowpeopleliveincertaincommunities.”4．WhatmadeFordchangehisdreamofbeingacardesigner?A．Participationinaprogram.B．Lackoftalentforcar­designing.C．Desireforamorepromisingcareer.D．Conversationswitharchitecturedesigners.5．WhatisFord'sarchitectureprogramaimedat?A．Appealingtoyoungpeople.B．Popularizinghip­popmusic.C．Promotingdiversityinthefield.D．Connectingmusicwitharchitecture.6．Ifyouhear“beautiful”，howmanyblockswouldyouuseonthesquare?A．1.B．2.C．3.D．4.7．What'sFord'sopinionaboutarchitecture?A．Itdeterminespeople'sneeds.B．Itinfluencespeople'slifestyles.C．Itisjustaboutbuildingthings.D．Itisaboutaddingmorebuildings.(C)[2023·沈阳市高三一模]Myopia,ornearsightedness,isacommoneyeconditioninwhichyoucanseeobjectsneartoyouclearly,butobjectsfartherawayareblurry.Toseethefartherthingsclearly,youhavetheoptionofwearingeyeglasses,orundergoingthemoreinvasiverefractivesurgery.ButJapan'sKubotaPharmaceuticalHoldingsCo.Ltd.claimstohavedevelopedsmartglassesthat,ifwornjustanhourperday,cancuremyopia.Itprojectsanimageontothewearers'retina(视网膜)tocorrecttherefractiveerrorthatcausesnearsightedness.Obviously,wearingthedevice60to90minutesadaycorrectsmyopia.Sohowdoesthetechnologydevelopedbythecompanyworkexactly?Well,accordingtoacompanypressreleaseinDecemberoflastyear,thespecialglassesrelyonmicro­LEDstoprojectvirtualimagesonthevisualfieldtomaketheretinaactive.Apparently,itcandothatwithoutaffectingthewearer'sdailyactivities.FoundedbyDr.RyoKubota,KubotaPharmaceuticalHoldingsCo.Ltd.isstilltestingthedevice,knownasKubotaGlass,andtryingtodeterminehowlongtheeffectlastsaftertheuserwearsthedevice,andhowlongtheugly­lookingglasseshavetobewornforthecorrectiontobepermanent.KubotaPharmaceuticalHoldingsCo.Ltd.begantestingtheglassesinthesummeroflastyear,andiscurrentlyconductingtestsonabout25peopleintheU．S.toassesstheeffectivenessofitssmartglasses.ThecompanyplanstobeginsellingthedeviceinAsiainthesecondhalfofnextyearwheretherearemorenearsightedpeople,butithasplannedtoenterothermarketsinthefuture.8．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“blurry”meaninthefirstparagraph?A．Familiar.B．Different.C．Impressive.D．Unclear.9．Whatdoesthethirdparagraphmainlytalkabout?A．Theeffectofwearingthesmartglasses.B．Thedisadvantagesofthesmartglasses.C．Theworkingprincipleofthesmartglasses.D．Thecorrectwayofwearingthesmartglasses.10．WhydoesthecompanydecidetoselltheglassesfirstinAsia?A．ItwantstoservetheAsiansbetter.B．TheseglassesaremoresuitableforAsians.C．ScientificdevelopmentisslowerinAsia.D．ThereismoremarketdemandinAsia.11．Whatisthepurposeofwritingthetext?A．Tosolveaproblem.B．Tointroduceanewproduct.C．Topresentaresearchresult.D．Togivepracticaladvice.(D)[2023·长春市高三质量监督]Summer'shereanditwon'tbelongbeforeschool­agedkidsacrossAmericastartcomplainingthatthey'retiredofridingtheirbikes,playingatthepark,swimminginthepool...andalltheotherawesomeactivitiestheirparentshopewouldkeepthementertainedforthenext10weeks.Suchrapid­onsetboredomcouldindicatethatthekidshaveamazingpowersofrecall.Anewstudyshowsthatthebetteryourshort­termmemoryis,thefasteryoufeelboredanddecideyou'vehadenough.ThefindingsappearintheJournalofConsumerResearch.“Thoughboredomcanbephysical,likewhenyoufeelfullaftereatingtoomuch,wewereinterestedinthepsychologicalsideofboredom,likewhenyou'rejusttiredofsomething.”NoelleNelson,assistantprofessorofmarketingandconsumerbehaviorattheUniversityofKansasSchoolofBusiness,andhercolleagueJosephReddenattheUniversityofMinnesotatriedtothinkoutsidethelunchbox.“Somethingthatwasinterestingtomeisthatsomepeoplegettiredofthesamethingsatverydifferentrates.Soifyouthinkaboutpopsongsontheradio,somepeoplemuststillbeenjoyingthemandrequestingthemevenafterhearingthemalot.Butalotofotherpeoplearereallysickofthosesamesongs.”Thedifferencemighthavetodowithmemoriesofpastconsumption.Forexample,studiesshowthatpeoplepushawayfromthedinnertablesoonerwhenthey'reaskedtodescribeindetailwhattheyateearlierforlunch.Thefindingssuggestthatmarketerscoulduseourdesirefortheirproductsbyfiguringoutwaystodistract(使分心)usandkeepusfromfullyrememberingourexperiences.Wecouldalsotrickourselvesintoeatinglessjunkfoodbyimmersing(使沉浸)ourselvesinthememoryofaprevioussnack.Asforkidseasilybored,justtellthemtobefogged(混淆不清的)aboutit—itmighthelpthemhavemorefun.12．Whatcanbelearnedabouttherapid­onsetboredomfromthepassage?A．Itisaphysicalreactionafterlunch.B．Itismorelikelytohappentochildren.C．Itiscloselyrelatedtoshort­termmemory.D.Itoccursphysicallyfirstandthenpsychologically.13．Howmaypeopletakeadvantageofthefindings?A.Helpkidseatmorebysharingtheirfeelingsaboutfood.B．Recallactivities'detailstoimprovekids'memorizingability.C．Talklessaboutprevioussnackstoreducejunkfoodconsumption.D.Keepconsumersfromrememberingexperiencestopromotegoods.14．Howdoestheauthormakethefindingseasytounderstand?A．Bymakingcomparison.B．Byanalyzingdata.C．Bydescribingprocesses.D．Bygivingexamples.15．Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A．GoodMemoryMakesforBoredomB．HowtoInventInterestingActivitiesC．BoringActivitiesDoHarmtoKids'MemoryD．PhysicalBoredomAffectsPsychologicalFeelings第二节(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Everyday,alotofpeoplemovehouse.Withnewfoundappreciationforspaceandair,itmaysuddenlyhaveseemedasifanewkindoflifewaspossible.__16__Here'ssomeexpertadviceonhowtobuildanewcommunity.__17__Askpeopleyoualreadyknowiftheycouldintroduceyoutoanyoneinthelocationtowhichyouaremoving.Thepostingonsocialmediaisprobablytheeasiestwaytotapyourfriends'friends.Itincreasesthechancethatthere'ssomeoneyouwillgetalongwith.Don'texpectfriendstomagicallyappear.__18__Peoplereallyneedtotaketheinitiativetogooutthereandmeetotherpeopleandnotassumethatfriendsarejustgoingtofallintotheirlives.Aspeoplebecomefamiliartous,welikethemmore,andit'scompletelyunconscious.Beopentoabroaderrangeofpeople.Youhavespentalifetimenarrowingyoursocialcircletothoseyoureallycareabout,butthechancesareyou'renotgoingtomeetnewbestfriendsinyournewareainstantly.Whenitcomestofriendships,havingclosefriendsisoneofthebestthingswecandoforourhealthandwell­being.Butevenhavingbriefinteractionswithpeopleingeneralbenefitsus.__19__Don'tdespair.Remembertomaintainpre­existingfriendships,sothatyou'renotfeelinglonelyanddisconnectedwhiledevelopingnewrelationships.__20__Butpeopledon'trealizethatiftheyputthemselvesoutthere,theprocesscangofasterthantheythink.Itreallymakesadifferenceifyou'rewillingtoattenddifferentevents;youcanreallychangeyoursociallife.A．Makeapublicappeal.B．Putsomeworkinbeforeyoumove.C．Qualityisbest,butquantitystilldoessomething.D．Itcantakealongtimetobuildupnewfriendships.E．Butnowthepandemichasmadeithardertoconnectwithstrangers.F．Itdoesn'tnecessarilymeanyoumadethewrongdecisiononthemove.G．Wetendtothinkfriendshipshappennaturally,butthat'sahugemisconception.[答题区]16．________17.________18.________19.________20.________40分阅读理解提分练（二）阅读理解第一节（A）语篇类型：应用文主题语境：人与社会——历史、社会与文化——伦敦的秘密花园。【文章大意】文章介绍了四个各具特色的花园1．答案与解析：A细节理解题。根据Queen'sWood部分的“Itmightbe...Highgatetubestation”可知，Queen'sWood离地铁站只有几百米远。2．答案与解析：C细节理解题。根据Postman'sPark部分中的“Withinthequiet...tryingtosaveothers”可知，在Postman'sPark，有50多块陶瓷匾牌位于屋顶下，每一块都是为了纪念为拯救他人而牺牲的普通人。由此可知，在Postman'sPark，人们可以学习到无私奉献的精神。3．答案与解析：A细节理解题。根据PhoenixGarden部分中的“Thegardenclosed...goodweather”和RedCrossGarden部分中的“thisVictoriangardenhasbeenrestoredtoitsoriginaldesign”可知，两个地方的共同点是都经过了修复。（B）语篇类型：记叙文主题语境：人与社会——社会与文化——嘻哈建筑营【文章大意】MichaelFord成立了嘻哈建筑营，该项目旨在增加建筑领域的多样性。Ford认为建筑在决定或挑战人们在特定社区的生活方式方面发挥着关键作用。4．答案与解析：D细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Talkingwithdesignersthere...asacareer”可知，和设计师们的谈话激发了Ford对建筑的兴趣，改变了他想成为汽车设计师的梦想，故D项正确。5．答案与解析：C细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Ifwecanincreasediversity,theentireworldwillnowstarttoexperiencespacefromatotallynewperspective”可知，Ford的建筑项目的目的是在建筑领域增加多样性，故C项正确。6．答案与解析：C推理判断题。根据第四段中的“StudentsbuildwithLegooneachsquarebasedonthenumberofsyllables（音节）ineachword”可知，要用到几块积木取决于单词有几个音节，根据beautiful的音标/bju：təfəl/可知，beautiful由三个音节——bju：，tə和fəl组成，故C项正确。7．答案与解析：B观点态度题。根据最后一段中Ford所说的话“Architectureplaysacriticalroleindeterminingorchallenginghowpeopleliveincertaincommunities”可推知，Ford认为建筑可以影响人们的生活方式，故B项正确。C语篇类型：说明文主题语境：人与社会——科技发明——近视眼的福音【文章大意】本文主要介绍了日本一家公司已经研发出了一种智能眼镜，该公司宣称每天佩戴一小时，就可以治愈近视。它能将图像投射到佩戴者的视网膜上，以矫正导致近视的屈光不正。8．答案与解析：D词义猜测题。根据第一段中的“Myopia，ornearsightedness...fartherawayareblurry”可知，近视是能看清近距离的物体看不清远距离的物体，故画线词的意思应与D项“模糊不清的”最为接近。故选D项。9．答案与解析：