74-297-EEC(转向装置对驾驶员伤害)国外汽车行业标准莱茵技术 汽车行业标准

74/297/EEC关于协调各成员国有关机动车内部安装件(转向机构撞击时的性能)的相关法律发布的指令国家汽车质量监督检验中心编译莱茵技术（上海）有限公司北京办事处

EN中文ConsolidatedTEXT统一文本producedbytheCONSLEGsystemoftheOfficeforOfficialPublicationsoftheEuropeanCommunities欧洲共同体官方出版物办公室CONSLEG体系出版:—Numberofpages:44页数：44页OfficeforOfficialPublicationsoftheEuropeanCommunities欧洲共同体官方出版物办公室

1974L0297—N—31.12.1911—001.001Thisdocumentismeantpurelyasadocumentationtoolandtheinstitutionsdonotassumeanyliabilityforitscontents►B COUNCILDIRECTIVEof4June1974ontheapproximationofthelawsoftheMemberStatesrelatingtotheinteriorfittingsofmotorvehicles(thebehaviourofthesteeringmechanismintheeventofanimpact)(74/297/EEC)(OJL165,20.6.1974,p.16)Amendedby:OfficialJournal：Nopagedate►M1CommissionDirective91/662/EECof6December1991 L366 1 31.12.1991 共44页第1页1974L0297—中文—1991年12月31日—001.001本文件纯属文件编制工具，有关机构对其内容不承担任何责任。►B理事会指令1974年6月4日关于协调各成员国有关机动车辆内部安装(转向机构撞击时的性能)的法律(74/297/EEC)(OJL165,20.6.1974,p.16)由如下指令修订： 公报: 编号页码日期►1991年12月6日委员会指令91/662/EEC L36611991年12月31日共44页第2页1974L0297—N—31.12.1991—001.001BCOUNCILDIRECTIVEof4June1974ontheapproximationofthelawsoftheMemberStatesrelatingtotheinteriorfittingsofmotorvehicles(thebehaviourofthesteeringmechanismintheeventofanimpact)(74/297/EEC)THECOUNCILOFTHEEUROPEANCOMMUNITIES,HavingregardtotheTreatyestablishingtheEuropeanEconomicCommunity,andinparticularArticle100thereof;HavingregardtotheproposalfromtheCommission;HavingregardtotheOpinionoftheEuropeanParliament1);HavingregardtotheOpinionoftheEconomicandSocialCommittee();Whereasthetechnicalrequirementswhichmotorvehiclesmustsatisfypursuanttonationallawsrelate,interalia,tothebehaviourofthesteeringmechanismintheeventofanimpact;WhereastheserequirementsdifferfromoneMemberStatetoanother;whereasitisthereforenecessarythatallMemberStatesadopthesamerequirementseitherinadditiontoorinplaceoftheirexistingregulations;inorder,inparticular,toallowtheEECtype-approvalprocedurewhichwasthesubjectoftheCouncilDirectiveof6February19703)ontheapproximationofthelawsoftheMemberStatesrelatingtothetypeapprovalofmotorvehiclesandtheirtrailerstobeappliedinrespectofeachtypeofvehicle;Whereascommonrequirementsforinteriorrear-viewmirrorshavebeenlaiddownbytheCouncilDirectiveof1March1971()andfortheinteriorfittingsofthepassengercompartment,thelayoutofthecontrols,theroofandbackrestandrearpartoftheseatsbytheCouncilDirectiveof17December1973);whereasotherrequirementswillbeadoptedsubsequentlyconcerninginteriorfittingsandrelatingtoanchoragesforsafetybeltsandseats,headrestraintsandtheidentificationofthecontrols;WhereasharmonizedrequirementsmustreducetheriskortheseverityofinjurieswhichmaybesufferedbythedriversofmotorvehiclesandtherebyensureroadsafetythroughouttheentireCommunity;Whereas,withregardtotechnicalrequirements,itisappropriatetoutilizethoseadoptedbytheEconomicCommissionforEuropeoftheUNOinitsRegulationNo12()(Uniformprovisionsconcerningtheapprovalofvehicleswithregardtotheprotectionofthedriveragainstthesteeringmechanismintheeventofimpact)whichisannexedtotheAgreementof20March1958concerningtheadoptionofuniformconditionsofapprovalandreciprocalrecognitionofapprovalformotorvehicleequipmentandparts,1)OJNoC14,27.3.1973,p.18.2)OJNoC60,26.7.1973,p.13.3)OJNoL42,23.2.1970,p.1.4)OJNoL68,22.3.1971,p.1.5)OJNoL38,11.2.1974,p.2.6)ECEGenevadocumentE/ECE/324/Add.11.共44页第3页1974L0297—中文—1991年12月31日—001.001B理事会指令1974年6月4日关于协调各成员国有关机动车内部安装(转向机构撞击时的性能)的法律(74/297/EEC)欧洲共同体理事会，考虑到建立欧洲经济共同体的条约，尤其是该条约第100条；考虑到委员会的提议；考虑到欧洲议会的意见(1)；考虑到经济和社会委员会的意见(2)；鉴于机动车必须满足各国有关法律规定的技术要求，特别是与转向机构的冲击性能有关要求；鉴于各成员国之间上述要求彼此不同；鉴于各成员国为此有必要采取统一的要求，添加或者取代其现有法规；以达到使欧共体型式认证程序用于每种车型之特殊目的，该型式认证程序是1970年2月6日的理事会指令(3)关于协调各成员国有关机动车及其挂车型式认证的相关法律的主题；鉴于在1971年3月1日（4）与1973年12月17日（5）的理事会指令中分别制订了针对内后视镜和乘客舱内部装饰件、控制器的布置、车顶、座椅靠背和座椅后部要求；鉴于随后将采用关于内饰件、安全带及座椅固定点、头枕和控制器识别的技术要求；鉴于统一的要求必须能够减少对机动车驾驶员伤害的风险或程度,并因而确保整个共同体的道路安全；鉴于采用联合国欧洲经济委员会第12号法规（6）（关于就碰撞中防止转向机构伤害驾驶员方面批准车辆的统一规定）的技术要求是适合的，此法规附属于1958年3月20日关于对机动车辆装备和部件采取统一认证条件并相互承认认证结果的协议书，(1)OJNoC14,27.3.1973,p.18.(2)OJNoC60,26.7.1973,p.13.(3)OJNoL42,23.2.1970,p.1.(4)OJNoL68,22.3.1971,p.1.(5)OJNoL38,11.2.1974,p.2.(6)欧洲经济委员会的日内瓦文件E/ECE/324/Add.11。共44页第4页1974L0297—N—31.12.1991—001.001▼BHASADOPTEDTHISDIRECTIVE:Article1ForthepurposeofthisDirective,‘vehicle’meansanymotorvehicleincategoryM1

(definedinAnnexIoftheDirectiveof6February1970)intendedforuseontheroad,withorwithoutbodywork,havingatleastfourwheelsandamaximumdesignspeedexceeding25km/h,withtheexceptionofavehiclefittedwithforwardcontrolasdefinedin2.7ofAnnexI.Article2NoMemberStatemayrefusetograntEECtype-approvalornationaltypeapprovalofamotorvehicleongroundsrelatingtothebehaviourofthesteeringmechanismintheeventofanimpactifthelattercomplieswiththerequirementslaiddowninAnnexesI,IIandIII.Article3NoMemberStatemayrefuseorprohibitthesaleorregistration,entryintoserviceoruseofanyvehicleongroundsrelatingtothebehaviourofthesteeringmechanismintheeventofanimpactifthelattermeetstherequirementslaiddowninAnnexesI,IIandIII.Article4AMemberStatewhichhasgrantedapprovaltoavehicletypeshalltakethenecessarymeasurestoensurethatitisinformedofanymodificationtoanyofthepartsorcharacteristicsreferredtoinAnnexI,2.2.ThecompetentauthoritiesofthatMemberStateshalldeterminewhetheritisnecessarytocarryoutfreshtestsonamodifiedvehicletypeandtoprepareanewreport.WheresuchtestsrevealfailuretocomplywiththerequirementsofthisDirective,themodificationshallnotbegrantedEECtype-approval.Article5AmendmentswhicharenecessarytoadapttherequirementsofAnnexesI,II,IIIandIVtotechnicalprogressshallbeadoptedinaccordancewiththeprocedurelaiddowninArticle13oftheCouncilDirectiveof6February1970ontheapproximationofthelawsoftheMemberStatesrelatingtothetypeapprovalofmotorvehiclesandtheirtrailers.共44页第5页1974L0297—中文—1991年12月31日—001.001▼B第1条在本指令中，‘汽车’系指拟在公路上使用的任何M1类(见1970年2月6日指令附件I中的定义)汽车，不论是否带有车身，但至少要有四个轮子，最大设计速度在25km/h以上。附件I的2.7项所规定的平头驾驶室的车辆除外。第2条如果符合本指令附件I、II和III的要求，各成员国都不得以车辆相撞后转向机构的性能为由，拒绝批准欧洲共同体型式认证或国家型式认证。第3条如果符合本指令附件I、II和III的要求，各成员国不得以车辆相撞后转向机构的性能为由拒绝或禁止任何车辆的销售或注册、投入运行或使用。第4条对批准某一车型型式认证的成员国，应设法得知是否对附件I的2.2项所述的车辆任何部件或性能做了改动。各成员国的主管部门应确定是否有必要对修改后的车型重新进行试验和编写新的报告。如果重新试验表明车辆不符合本指令的要求，则不得对批准该修改。第5条为了适应技术进步的要求，要按1970年2月6日理事会颁布的协调各成员国有关机动车及机动车挂车型式认证的相关法律的指令中第13条制定的规程对附件I、II、III和IV的有关规定进行必要的修正。共44页第6页1974L0297—N—31.12.1991—001.001BArticle61.MemberStatesshallputintoforcetheprovisionsnecessarytocomplywiththisDirectivewithin18monthsofitsnotificationandshallimmediatelyinformtheCommissionthereof.2.MemberStatesshallensurethatthetextsoflegislativeprovisionswhichtheyadoptintheareagovernedbythisDirectivearecommunicatedtotheCommission.Article7ThisDirectiveisaddressedtotheMemberStates.共44页第7页1974L0297—中文—1991年12月31日—001.001B第6条1.在接到通知后，各成员国要在18个月内实施符合本指令要求的必要规定，并将其内容立即通知本委员会。2.各成员国要确保将在本指令管理领域内所采纳的立法规定文本送达给本委员会。第7条本指令发至各成员国。共44页第8页1974L0297—N—31.12.1991—001.001M1ANNEX1DEFINITIONS,APPLICATIONFORECTYPE-APPROVAL,ECTYPE-APPROVAL,SPECIFICATIONS,TESTS,CONFORMITYOFPRODUCTION1.SCOPEThisDirectiveappliestothebehaviourofthesteeringmechanismofmotorvehiclesofcategoryM1,andvehiclesofcategoryN1

withamaximumpermissiblemasslessthan1500kilograms,withregardtotheprotectionofthedriverinafrontalcollision.Attherequestofamanufacturer,vehiclesbelongingtoothercategoriesmaybeapprovedunderthisDirective.2.DEFINITIONSForthepurposesofthisDirective2.1. ‘Behaviourofthesteeringmechanismintheeventofanimpact’meansthebehaviourofthismechanismundertheeffectofthreetypesofforce,ie:2.1.1.thoseresultingfromafrontalcollisionwhichmayproducedisplacementofthesteeringcolumntowardstherear;2.1.2.thoseduetothedriver'sheadinertiaintheeventofanimpactagainstthesteeringcontrolinafrontalcollision;2.1.3.thoseduetothedriver'sbodyinertiaintheeventofanimpactagainstthesteeringcontrolinafrontalcollision.2.2. ‘Vehicletype’meansacategoryofmotorvehicleswhichdonotdifferinsuchessentialrespectsas:2.2.1.thestructure,dimensions,linesandconstituentmaterialsofthatpartofthevehicleforwardofthesteeringcontrol;2.2.2.themassofthevehicleinrunningorder,asdefinedinitem2.6ofAnnexItoDirective70/156/EECwithoutthedriver.2.3. ‘Steeringcontrol’meansthesteeringdevice,usuallythesteeringwheel,whichisactuatedbythedriver.共44页第9页1974L0297—中文—1991年12月31日—001.001M1附录1定义，EC型式认证的申请，EC型式认证，技术要求，试验和生产一致性1.范围本指令适用于M1类机动车以及最大允许重量不大于1500kg的N1类车辆的转向机构性能，它与驾驶员在正面碰撞时的安全保护有关。如果制造商提出要求，其它种类的车辆也可以按本指令认证。2.定义在本指令中2.1‘转向机构的冲击性’是指在三种力的作用下该机构所具有的性能，即：2.1.1由正面碰撞所导致、使转向柱可产生向后位移的那些力；2.1.2在正面碰撞中，驾驶员头部惯性引起的对转向控制器所产生的力；2.1.3在正面碰撞中，驾驶员身体惯性引起侧对转向控制器所产生的力；2.2‘车型’是指在以下主要方面不存在差异的机动车辆：2.2.1位于转向控制器之前车辆部分的结构、尺寸、轮廓和材料；2.2.2在指令70/156/EEC中，由附件I的第2.6项所定义的车辆的行驶质量。2.3‘转向控制器’是指转向装置，通常是指由驾驶员操作的方向盘。共44页第10页1974L0297—N—31.12.1991—001.001M12.4. ‘Steeringcontroltype’meansacategoryofsteeringcontrolswhichdonotdifferinsuchessentialrespectsasthestructure,dimensions,linesandconstituentmaterials.2.5. ‘Approvalofasteeringcontrol’meanstheapprovalofasteeringcontroltypewithregardtotheprotectionofthedriver'sheadandbodyagainstthesteeringcontrolintheeventofanimpact.2.6. ‘Approvalofavehicle’meanstheapprovalofavehicletypewithregardtotheprotectionofthedriver'sheadandbodyagainstthesteeringmechanismintheeventofanimpact.2.7. ‘Generalsteeringcontrol’meansasteeringcontrolwhichcanbefittedtomorethanonevehicletypewheredifferencesintheattachmentofthesteeringcontroltothesteeringcolumndonotaffecttheimpactperformanceofthesteeringcontrol.2.8. ‘Airbag’meansaflexiblebagthatisdesignedtobefilledwithagasunderpressure,andis:2.8.1designedtoprotectthevehicledriverinanimpactagainstthesteeringcontrol,and2.8.2inflatedbyadevicewhichisactuatedincaseofvehicle'simpact.2.9. ‘Steeringcontrolrim’meansthequasi-toroidalouterringinthecaseofthesteeringwheelusuallygrippedbythedriver'shandduringdriving.2.10‘Spoke’meansabarconnectingthesteeringcontrolrimtotheboss.2.11‘Boss’meansthatpartofthesteeringcontrol,usuallyatthecentre,that:2.11.1joinsthesteeringcontroltothesteeringshaft;2.11.2transmitsthetorquefromthesteeringcontroltothesteeringshaft.2.12.‘Centreofthesteeringcontrolboss’meansthatpointonthesurfaceofthebosswhichisinlinewiththeaxisofthesteeringshaft.2.13‘Planeofthesteeringcontrol’means,inthecaseofthesteeringwheel,theflatsurfacethatsplitsthesteeringwheelrimequallybetweenthedriverandthefrontofthevehicle.2.14‘Steeringshaft’meansthecomponentwhichtransmitstothesteeringgearhousingthetorqueappliedtothesteeringcontrol.2.15‘Steeringcolumn’meansthehousingenclosingthesteeringshaft.2.16‘Steeringmechanism’meanstheaggregatecomprisingthesteeringcontrol,thesteeringcolumn,theassemblyaccessories,thesteeringshaft,thesteeringgearhousing,andallothercomponentssuchasthosedesignedtocontributetotheabsorptionofenergyintheeventofimpactagainstthesteeringcontrol.2.17‘Passengercompartment’meansthespaceforoccupantaccommodationboundedbytheroof,floor,sidewalls,doors,outsideglazing,frontbulkheadandtheplaneoftherearseatbacksupport.2.18‘Impactor’meanstherigidhemisphericalheadform165mmindiameter,inaccordancewithAnnexIVparagraph3.2.19‘R-point’,meanstheseatingreferencepointdefinedinAnnexIIItoDirective77/649/EEC,asamendedbyDirective90/630/EEC.共44页第11页1974L0297—中文—1991年12月31日—001.001M12.4‘转向控制器类型’是指在结构、尺寸、轮廓和材料等主要方面不存在差异的某一类转向控制装置。2.5‘转向控制器认证’是指转向控制器的型式认证，它与在发生碰撞时防止驾驶员的头部和身体与转向控制器相撞有关。2.6‘车辆认证’是指车辆的型式认证，它与发生碰撞时防止驾驶员的头部和身体与转向机构相撞有关。2.7‘通用转向控制器’是指当转向控制器与转向柱在连接方式上的差异不影响转向控制器的冲击性能时可以在一个以上车型上安装的转向控制器。2.8‘安全气囊’是指在设计上可以进行压力充气的柔性袋，并且:2.8.1在设计上可以防止驾驶员发生碰撞时与转向控制器相撞，和2.8.2在车辆发生碰撞时通过某装置充气。2.9‘转向控制器轮缘’是指在用方向盘驾驶时驾驶员通常用手把握的准环形的外边缘。2.10‘轮辐’是指转向控制器边缘与轮毂的连接杆。2.11‘轮毂’通常是指转向控制器的中央部分：2.11.1它连接转向控制器与转向轴；2.11.2将转向控制器的力矩传递给转向轴。2.12‘转向控制器轮毂中心’是指轮毂表面与转向轴的轴线在同一直线上的点。2.13.‘转向控制器平面’是指在采用方向盘的车辆上将方向盘轮缘在驾驶员与车前部之间予以等分的平面。2.14.‘转向轴’是指将作用在转向控制器上的力矩传给转向器的部件。2.15.‘转向柱’是指转向轴的外套。2.16.‘转向机构’是指由转向控制器、转向柱、附件、转向轴、转向器外壳以及所有其它部件(例如那些在设计上可在与转向控制器相撞时吸收冲击能量的部件)组成的整体。2.17.‘乘员舱’是指容纳成员的空间，由顶盖、地板、侧围、车门、玻璃窗、前壁板和后座靠背支撑板所构成。2.18.‘人头模块’是指直径165mm的刚性半球形头模，见附件IV第3款。2.19.‘R-点’是指由指令77/649/EEC附件III所定义、指令90/630/EEC所修正的座位参考点。共44页第12页1974L0297—N—31.12.1991—001.001M13.APPLICATIONFORECTYPE-APPROVAL3.1Vehicletype3.1.1TheapplicationforECapprovalofavehicletypewithregardtotheprotectionofthedriveragainstthesteeringmechanismintheeventofimpactshallbesubmittedbythevehiclemanufacturerorbyhisdulyauthorizedrepresentative.3.1.2Itshallbeaccompaniedbytheundermentioneddocumentsintriplicateandthefollowingparticulars:3.1.2.1adetaileddescriptionofthevehicletypewithrespecttothestructure,dimensions,linesandconstituentmaterialsofthatpartofthevehicleforwardofthesteeringcontrol;3.1.2.2drawings,onanappropriatescaleandinsufficientdetail,ofthesteeringmechanismandofitsattachmenttothevehiclechassisandbody;3.1.2.3atechnicaldescriptionofthatmechanism;3.1.2.4themassofthevehicleinrunningorder;3.1.2.5evidencethatthesteeringcontrolhasbeenapprovedinaccordancewithitems5.2and5.3belowifapplicable.3.1.3Thefollowingshallbesubmittedtothetechnicalserviceresponsibleforconductingapprovaltests:3.1.3.1avehicle,representativeofthevehicletypetobeapproved,forthetestreferredtoinitem5.1below;3.1.3.2atthemanufacturer'sdiscretion,withtheagreementofthetechnicalservice,eitherasecondvehicle,orthosepartsofthevehiclewhichareessentialfortestsreferredtoinitems5.2and5.3below.3.2Steeringcontroltype3.2.1TheapplicationforECapprovalofasteeringcontroltypeshallbesubmittedbythesteeringcontrolmanufacturerorbyhisdulyauthorizedrepresentative.3.2.2Itshallbeaccompaniedbytheundermentioneddocumentsintriplicateandthefollowingparticulars:3.2.2.1adetaileddescriptionofthesteeringcontroltypewithrespecttothestructure,thedimensionsandtheconstituentmaterialsofthesteeringcontrol;3.2.2.2drawings,onanappropriatescaleandinsufficientdetail,ofthesteeringmechanismandofitsattachmenttothevehiclechassisandbody.3.2.3Asteeringcontrolrepresentativeofthesteeringcontroltypetobeapprovedplus,atthemanufacturer'sdiscretion,withtheagreementofthetechnicalservice,thosepartsofthevehiclewhichareessentialforthetest,shallbesubmittedtothetechnicalserviceresponsibleforconductingapprovaltests,forthetestsreferredtoinitems5.2and5.3below.共44页第13页1974L0297—中文—1991年12月31日—001.001M13.EC型式认证的申请3.1车型3.1.1有关在碰撞发生时防止驾驶员与转向机构相撞的EC型式认证申请要由车辆制造商或其正式授权代理机构申请。3.1.2下述文件一式三份以及以下各项要随申请一起呈递；3.1.2.1就车辆在转向控制器前的结构、尺寸、轮廓和材料等方面对车型做出的详细说明；3.1.2.2转向机构及其与车底盘和车体连接的图纸，图纸应比例适当，足够详细。3.1.2.3对该机构的技术描述；3.1.2.4车辆的行驶质量；3.1.2.5当适用时,转向控制器已按以下的5.2条和5.3条进行过认证的证据。3.1.3要将以下各项呈递给负责认证试验工作的技术服务部门：3.1.3.1可代表待认证车型的车辆，以便进行下述5.1项所提及的试验；3.1.3.2进行下述5.2和5.3项所提及的试验所必需的第二辆车或者车辆的零部件，可由制造商选定，并经过技术服务部门的批准；3.2转向控制器的类型3.2.1转向控制器的EC型式认证申请要由转向控制器的制造商或其正式授权代理机构呈递。3.2.2下述文件一式三份以及以下各项要随转向控制器的EC型式认证申请一起呈递：3.2.2.1就转向控制器的结构、尺寸和各部分材料等对转向控制器类型所进行的详细说明；3.2.2.2转向机构及其与车底盘和车体连接的图纸，图纸应比例适当，足够详细。3.2.3为了进行下述5.2和5.3项的试验，要呈递试验所需的可代表转向控制器类型的转向控制器外加由制造商选定、并经过从事认证试验工作的技术服务部门批准的关键车辆零部件。共44页第14页1974L0297—N—31.12.1991—001.001M14.ECTYPE-APPROVAL4.1Theapprovalauthorityshallverifytheexistenceofsatisfactoryarrangementsforensuringeffectivecontroloftheconformityofproductionbeforetype-approvalisgranted.4.2Acertificateconformingtothemodelspecifiedin4.2.1or4.2.2shallbeattachedtotheECtype-approvalcertificate:4.2.1AnnexVAforapplicationsreferredtoin3.1;4.2.2AnnexVBforapplicationsreferredtoin3.2.5.SPECIFICATIONS5.1Whenthevehicle,inrunningorder,withoutamanikin,iscollision-testedagainstabarrierataspeedof48,3km/hthetopofthesteeringcolumnanditsshaftshallnotmovebackwards,horizontallyandparalleltothelongitudinalaxisofthevehicle,bymorethan12,7cminrelationtoapointofthevehiclenotaffectedbytheimpactand12,7cmvertically.5.2Whenthesteeringcontrolisstruckbyabodyblockreleasedagainstthiscontrolatarelativespeedof24,1km/h,inaccordancewiththeproceduresinAnnexIII,theforceappliedtothebodybythesteeringcontrolshallnotexceed1,111daN.5.3Whenthesteeringcontrolisstruckbyanimpactorreleasedagainstthiscontrolatarelativespeedof24,1km/h,inaccordancewiththeproceduresinAnnexIV,thedecelerationoftheimpactorshallnotexceed80gcumulativeformorethan3milliseconds.Thedecelerationshallalwaysbelowerthan120gwithCFC600Hz.5.4Thesteeringcontrolshallbedesigned,constructedandfittedinsuchawaythat:5.4.1Beforetheimpacttestrequiredinitems5.2and5.3nopartofthesteeringcontrolsurface,directedtowardsthedriver,whichcanbecontactedbyasphereof165mmindiametershallpresentanyroughnessorsharpedgeswitharadiusofcurvatureoflessthan2,5mm.5.4.1.1Afteranyimpacttestrequiredinitems5.2and5.3thepartofthesteeringcontrolsurfacedirectedtowardsthedrivershallnotpresentanysharporroughedgeslikelytoincreasethedangerorseverityofinjuriestothedriver.Smallsurfacecracksandfissuresshallbedisregarded.5.4.2Thesteeringcontrolshallbedesigned,constructedandfittedsoasnottoembodycomponentsoraccessories,includingthehorncontrolandassemblyaccessories,capableofcatchinginthedriver'sclothingorjewelleryinnormaldrivingmovements.5.4.3InthecaseofsteeringcontrolsnotintendedtoformpartoftheoriginalequipmenttheyshallberequiredtomeetthespecificationwhentestedinaccordancewithAnnexIII,item2.1.3andAnnexIV,item2.3.共44页第15页1974L0297—中文—1991年12月31日—001.001M14.EC型式认证4.1在进行型式认证前，认证部门要审核各项认证安排是否合格，以确保对生产的一致性进行有效控制。4.2在欧共体认证证明后要附上符合4.2.1或4.2.2所规定式样的证书：4.2.1附件VA对应3.1所提及的申请；4.2.2附件VB对应3.2所提及的申请；5.技术要求5.1未安装假人的整备车辆以48.3km/h的速度进行障碍碰撞试验时，转向柱的顶部及转向轴相对于未受冲击影响的车辆上的某一点沿水平和平行于车辆纵向轴线的方向向后移动以及沿垂直方向移动不超过12.7cm。5.2在按附件III的规程使转向控制器受到以24.1km/h的相对速度释放的人体模块的冲击时，转向控制器作用在人体模块上的力不得超过11110N。5.3在按附件IV的规程使转向控制器受到以24.1km/h的相对速度释放的人头模块的冲击时，人头模块的减速度连续超过80g的时间必须小于3ms。CFC在600Hz时，减速度在任何时候都要低于120g。5.4转向控制器的设计、制造和安装应满足：5.4.1在进行5.2和5.3项所规定的冲击试验前，在直径165mm的球体范围内可形成接触的、朝向驾驶员的转向控制器表面的任何部分都不得存在曲率半径小于2.5mm的粗糙边或锐边。5.4.1.1在进行了5.2和5.3项所规定的冲击试验后，朝向驾驶员的转向控制器的表面部分不得存在任何有可能增加驾驶员的危险性或受伤程度的锐边或粗糙边。微小的表面裂缝可忽略不计。5.4.2转向控制器的设计、制造和安装不得使包括喇叭控制器和组装件在内的部件或附件在正常的驾驶操作中卡住驾驶员的衣服或首饰。5.4.3如果转向控制器不拟作原始设备的组成部分，在按附件III的2.1.3项和附件IV的2.3项进行试验时，它们必需满足有关的规范要求。共44页第16页1974L0297—N—31.12.1991—001.001M15.4.4Inthecaseof‘generalsteeringcontrols’,therequirementsshallbemetover:5.4.4.1thefullrangeofcolumnangles,itbeingunderstoodthatthetestsshallbeperformedatleastforthemaximumandminimumcolumnanglesfortherangeofvehicletypesforwhichthecontrolsareintended;5.4.4.2thefullrangeofpossibleimpactorandbody-blockpositionsinrelationtothesteeringcontrol,itbeingunderstoodthatthetestshallbeperformedatleastforthemeanpositionfortherangeofapprovedvehicletypesforwhichthecontrolsareintended.Whereasteeringcolumnisused,itshallbeofatypecorrespondingtothe‘worstcase’conditions.5.4.5Whereadaptorsareusedtoadaptasingletypeofsteeringcontroltoarangeofsteeringcolumns,anditcanbedemonstratedthatwithsuchadaptorstheenergy-absorbingcharacteristicsofthesystemarethesame,allthetestsmaybeperformedwithonetypeofadaptor.6.TESTS6.1Compliancewiththerequirementsofitem5aboveshallbecheckedinaccordancewiththemethodssetoutinAnnexesII,IIIandIV.AllmeasurementsshouldbedoneonthebasisofISO6487-1987.6.2However,othertestsmaybepermittedatthediscretionoftheapprovalauthorityprovidedequivalencecanbedemonstrated.Insuchacaseareportshallbeattachedtotheapprovaldocumentationdescribingthemethodsusedandtheresultsobtained.7.CONFORMITYOFPRODUCTION7.1InthecaseofanECapprovalofthevehicletype,inordertoverifyconformity,asufficientnumberofproductionsteeringcontrolsshallbesubjectedtorandomchecks.7.2InthecaseofanECapprovalofthesteeringcontroltype,inordertoverifyconformity,asufficientnumberofproductionsteeringcontrolsshallbesubjectedtorandomchecks.7.3Asageneralrulethechecksasaforesaidshallbeconfinedtothetakingofmeasurements.However,ifnecessary,thevehiclesorthesteeringcontrolsshallbesubjectedtothetestprescribedinitem5.共44页第17页1974L0297—中文—1991年12月31日—001.001M15.4.4对于“通用转向控制器”，要在下述范围内满足有关要求：5.4.4.1转向管柱的全角度范围,即至少要在转向控制器适用车型中选取最大和最小角度位置进行测试；5.4.4.2人头模块和人体模块相对转向控制器的全位置范围,即至少要对转向控制器适用车型的平均位置进行测试。所选用的转向管柱，应对应“最恶劣”情况的类型。5.4.5如果使用转接器将一种类型的转向控制器转接到一系列转向柱上，并且可以证明在使用不同转接器时的系统能量吸收特性保持不变，则所有试验都可以采用一种转接器进行。6.试验6.1要按附件II、III和IV给出的方法检查是否符合上述第5项的要求。所有测量基于ISO6487-1987的要求进行。6.2此外，只要能证明等效性，认证机构可以选择其它试验进行。这时需在认证文件的后面附上一份报告，说明所采用的试验方法及试验结果。7.生产的一致性7.1对于车辆的型式认证，为了检验一致性，要对足量的转向控制器生产进行抽查。7.2对于转向控制器的型式认证，为了检验一致性，要对足量的转向控制器生产进行抽查。7.3作为一般规则，上述检查仅限于取得测量值。如有必要，要按第5项的规定对车辆或转向控制器进行试验。共44页第18页1974L0297—N—31.12.1991—001.001M1ANNEXIIFRONTALIMPACTTESTAGAINSTABARRIER1.PURPOSEThepurposeofthistestistoverifywhetherthevehiclesatisfiestherequirementssetforthinitem5.1ofAnnexI.2.INSTALLATIONS,PROCEDUREANDMEASURINGINSTRUMENTS2.1TestinggroundThetestareashallbelargeenoughtoaccommodatetherun-uptrack,barrierandtechnicalinstallationsnecessaryforthetest.Thelastpartofthetrack,foratleast5mbeforethebarrier,shallbehorizontal(slopelessthan3%measuredoveralengthofonemetre),flatandsmooth.2.2BarrierThebarriershallconsistofablockofreinforcedconcretenotlessthan3mwideinfrontandnotlessthan1,5mhigh.Thebarriershallbeofsuchthicknessthatitsmassisatleast70tonnes.Thefrontfaceshallbeflat,verticalandperpendiculartotheaxisoftherun-uptrack.Itshallbecoveredwithplywoodboards19±1mmthick,ingoodcondition.Astructureonasteelplateatleast25mmthickmaybeplacedbetweentheplywoodboardandthebarrier.Abarrierwithdifferentcharacteristicsmaylikewisebyused,providedthattheareaoftheimpactsurfaceisgreaterthanthefrontalcrashareaofthevehiclebeingtestedandprovidedthatitgivesequivalentresults.2.3PropulsionofvehiclesAtthemomentofimpactthevehicleshallnolongerbesubjecttotheactionofanyadditionalsteeringorpropellingdevice.Itshallreachtheobstacleonacourseperpendiculartothebarrier:themaximumlateralmisalignmenttoleratedbetweentheverticalmedianlineofthefrontofthevehicleandtheverticalmedianlineofthebarrieris±30cm.2.4Stateofvehicle2.4.1Forthetest,thevehicleshalleitherbefittedwithallthenormalcomponentsandequipmentincludedinitsunladenkerbmassorbeinsuchaconditionastosatisfythisrequirementsofarasthecomponentsandequipmentofconcerntothepassengercompartmentandthedistributionofthemassofthevehicleasawhole,inrunningorder,areconcerned.Attherequestofthemanufacturer,notwithstandingitem5.1ofAnnexIthetestmaybecarriedoutwithmanikinsinposition,providedtheydonotatanytimehinderthemovementofthesteeringmechanism.Themassofthemanikinsshallnotbetakenintoaccountforthepurposesofthetest.2.4.2Ifthevehicleisdrivenbyexternalmeans,thefuelfeedsystemshallbefilledtoatleast90%ofitscapacitywithanon-flammableliquidhavingadensitybetween0,7and1.Alltheothersystems(brake-fluidreservoirs,radiator,etc)maybeempty.共44页第19页1974L0297—中文—1991年12月31日—001.001M1附录II正面障碍壁碰撞试验1.试验目的本试验的目的在于检验车辆是否满足附件I的5.1项的规定要求。2.试验装备、试验规程和测量仪器2.1试验场试验场要有足够的面积容纳试验所需的试车轨道、障碍壁和技术装备。试车轨道的最后一部分（在障碍前至少要有5m远），应足够水平(在一米长度上的测量倾斜度低于3%)、平坦和光滑。2.2障碍壁障碍壁是一个钢筋混凝土砌块，正面宽度不小于3m，高度不小于1.5m。障碍壁的厚度要使其自身重量至少达到70吨。障碍的正面要平坦、竖直并垂直于试车轨道的轴线。在障碍上要加盖19±1mm状态良好的胶合板。在胶合板和障碍壁之间的一块厚度至少25mm的钢板上可以设立一个构筑物。同样也可以采用具有不同特性的障碍，只要冲击表面积大于受试车辆的迎面碰撞面积并且这样做可以得出等效结果即可。2.3车辆的推动在发生冲击的一瞬间，车辆不受任何其它转向或推动装置的作用。车辆将沿着垂直于障碍物的路线到达障碍物：车辆前部的竖直中位线与障碍的竖直中位线之间的横向最大允许偏离度为±30cm。2.4车辆的状态2.4.1为了进行试验，或者要在车辆上安装计入空载重量的所有正常部件和设备，或者车辆在乘客车厢的部件和设备以及车辆的总体重量分布要处于满足这一要求的状态。在制造商申请时，不论附件I的5.1项有什么要求，可以在设置人体模型的情况下进行试验，只要人体模型在任何时候都不会阻碍转向机构的运动即可。人体模型的重量应不予考虑。2.4.2如果车辆是由外部装置推动，燃料供给系统要加注至少相当于其容量90%、密度在0.7和1之间的不可燃液体。所有其它系统(制动器储液罐、散热器等)都可以留空。共44页第20页1974L0297—N—31.12.1991—001.001M12.4.3Ifthevehicleisdrivenbyitsownengine,thefueltankshallbeatleast90%full.Allotherreservoirsshallbefilledtocapacity.Ifthemanufacturersodesiresandthetechnicalserviceagrees,thefuelfeedtotheenginemaybeprovidedfromanauxiliarytankofsmallcapacity.Insuchcase,thefueltankshallbefilledtonotlessthan90%ofitscapacitywithanon-flammableliquidofadensitybetween0,7and1.2.4.4Ifthemanufacturersorequests,thetechnicalserviceresponsibleforconductingthetestsmayallowthesamevehicleasisusedfortestsprescribedbyotherDirectives(includingtestscapableofaffectingitsstructure)tobeusedalsoforthetestsprescribedbythisDirective.2.5SpeedonimpactThespeedonimpactshallbebetween48,3km/hand53,1km/h.However,ifthetesthasbeencarriedoutatahigherimpactspeedandthevehiclehasmettherequirementslaiddown,thetestshallbeconsideredsatisfactory.2.6MeasuringinstrumentsTheinstrumentusedtorecordthespeedreferredt