2023年考研英语二真题原文及答案解析

2023年考研英语二真题原文及答案解析

Section1UseofEnglish

Directions:Readthefollowingtext.Choosethebestword(s)foreachnumbered

blankandmark[A],[B],[C]or[D]onANSWERSHEET1.(10points)

Happypeopleworkdifferently.TheyYemoreproductive,morecreative,andwillingto

takegreaterrisks.Andnewresearchsuggeststhathappinessmightinfluence_1_firm's

work,too.

Companieslocatedinplaceswithhappierpeopleinvestmore,accordingtoarecent

researchpaper._2_,firmsinhappyplacesspendmoreonR&D(researchand

development).Thafsbecausehappinessislinkedtothekindoflonger-term

thinking_3_formakinginvestmentsforthefuture.

Theresearcherswantedtoknowifthe4andinclinationforrisk-takingthatcome

withhappinesswould_5_thewaycompaniesinvested.SotheycomparedU.S.cities*

averagehappiness_6_byGalluppollingwiththeinvestmentactivityofpubliclytraded

firmsinthoseareas.

_7_enough,firms5investmentandR&Dintensitywerecorrelatedwiththe

happinessoftheareainwhichtheywere_8_.Butisitreallyhappinessthafslinkedto

investment,orcouldsomethingelseabouthappiercities_9whyfirmstherespend

moreonR&D?Tofindout,theresearcherscontrolledforvarious_10_thatmightmake

firmsmorelikelytoinvest-likesize,industry,andsales-andforindicatorsthataplace

was_11_tolivein,likegrowthinwagesorpopulation.Thelinkbetweenhappinessand

investmentgenerally_12_evenafteraccountingforthesethings.

Thecorrelationbetweenhappinessandinvestmentwasparticularlystrongfor

youngerfirms,whichtheauthors_13_to“lesscodifieddecisionmakingprocess"and

thepossiblepresenceof"youngerandless_14_managerswhoaremorelikelytobe

influencedbysentiment."Therelationshipwas_15_strongerinplaceswherehappiness

wasspreadmore_16_.Firmsseemtoinvestmoreinplaceswheremostpeopleare

relativelyhappy,ratherthaninplaceswithhappinessinequality.

_17_thisdoesn'tprovethathappinesscausesfirmstoinvestmoreortotakea

longer-termview,theauthorsbelieveitatleast_18_atthatpossibility.Ifsnothardto

imaginethatlocalcultureandsentimentwouldhelp_19—howexecutivesthinkaboutthe

future.ultsurelyseemsplausiblethathappypeoplewouldbemoreforward-thinkingand

creativeand_20_R&Dmorethantheaverage,"saidoneresearcher.

1.[A]why[B]where[C]how[D]when

2.[A]Inreturn[B]Inparticular[C]Incontrast[D]Inconclusion

3.[A]sufficient[B]famous[C]perfect[D]necessary

4.[A]individualism[B]modernism[C]optimism[D]realism

5.[A]echo[B]miss[C]spoil[D]change

6.[A]imagined[B]measured[C]invented[D]assumed

7.[A]Sure[B]Odd[C]Unfortunate[D]Often

8.[A]advertised[B]divided[C]overtaxed[D]headquartered

9.[A]explain[B]overstate[C]summarize[D]emphasize

10.[A]stages[B]factors[C]levels[D]methods

11.[A]desirable[B]sociable[C]reputable[D]reliable

12.[A]resumed[B]held[C]emerged[D]broke

13.[A]attribute[B]assign[C]transfer[D]compare

14.[A]serious[B]civilized[C]ambitious[D]experienced

15.[A]thus[B]instead[C]also[D]never

16.[A]rapidly[B]regularly[C]directly[D]equally

17.[A]After[B]Until[C]While[D]Since

18.[A]arrives[B]jumps[C]hints[D]strikes

19.[A]shape[B]rediscover[C]simplify[D]share

20.[A]prayfor[B]leantowards[C]giveaway[D]sendout

1」标准答案][C]how

[考点分析]连同辨析

[选项分析]?依据语境，“新发觉表明：欢乐可能会影响工作_的稳定。”[A]为什么[B]

哪里[C]怎样，多么[D]当…时候。依据语义分析，C选项填入原文，译为“欢乐可能会影

响工作是有多么稳定”，C为正确选项。

2.[标准答案][B]lnparticular

[考点分析]上下文语义以及短语辨析

[选项分析][A]反过来[B]尤其是[C]相反[D]总的来说依据前文语境，其次段第一

句译为“依据近期的探讨，拥有更多欢乐的人的公司会投资更多”。而其次句“那些在

欢乐氛围中的公司会做更多的研发以及发展。“其次句是在第一句的基础上进一步强调说明，

因此B选项更符合语境要求。

3.[标准答案][D]necessary

[考点分析]上下文语义及形容词词义辨析

[选项分析][A]足够的[B]闻名的[C]完备的[D]必要的首先，依据本句题干

"That's?becausehappinessislinkedtothekindoflonger-termthinking3formaking

investmentsforthefuture."译为"因为欢乐与对将来投资有长远考虑相联系。"要求填

写形容词，我们要考虑其搭配与其修饰成分。空格处搭配介词for,并且修饰“长远考虑，因

此D选项最符合语境要求。

4.[标准答案][C]optimism

[考点分析]上下文语义及名词词义辨析

[选项分析][A]个人主义[B]现代主义[C]乐观主义[D]现实主义本题考查同后缀的

名词辨析。依据原文主旨，探讨“happypeople”与公司的关系。那么，衡量四个选项，只有

C选项符合主旨要求。

5」标准答案］［D］change

［考点分析］上下文语义及动词词义辨析

［选项分析］［A］发出回声［B］惦念，错过［C］破坏［D］变更依据原文语境，"would5

thewaycompaniesinvested.”本题考查动宾搭配，宾语为“公司投资的方式”只有D选项搭

配最为合理。

6.［标准答案］［B］measured

［考点分析］上下文语义及动词词义辨析

［选项分析］［A］想象［B］衡量，测量［C］独创［D］假定，设想'*SotheycomparedU.S.

cities'averagehappiness6byGalluppollingwiththeinvestmentactivityofpubliclytraded

firmsinthoseareas.”译为“他们把盖洛普询问公司所的美国城市平均华蜜指数与该地

区的上市公司投资活跃度进行对比依据原文语境，盖洛普询问公司所做的应当是一个“既

定事实'所以解除ACD。因此，B选项为最佳选项。

7.［标准答案］［A］Sure

［考点分析］上下文语义及固定搭配

［选项分析］［A］确信的［B］惊奇的［C］不幸运的［D］常常的本题为固定搭配“sure

enough"译为"足以确定的是，”

8.［标准答案］［D］headquartered

［考点分析］上下文语义及形容词词义辨析

［选项分析］［A］广告的旧］划分的［C］课税过重的［D］位于总部的依据原文“firms'

investmentandR&Dintensitywerecorrelatedwiththehappinessoftheareainwhich

theywere8.”译为“足以确定的是，公司投资与研发力度与公司的华蜜指数相关Jin

which引导表示地点的定语从句，先行词为area.对比四个选项，ABC不足以说明此地点的

真实含义。因此，D选项，搭配前文area,构成“总部所在地”最为合理。

9.［标准答案］［A］explain

［考点分析］上下文语义及动词词义辨析

［选项分析］［A］说明［B］夸大［C］概述［D］重点强调依据原文“…orouldsomething

elseabouthappiercities9whyfirmstherespendmoreonR&D?"A选项"explain”常和后

文“why”搭配运用。

10.［标准答案］［B］factors

［考点分析］上下文语义及名词词义辨析

［选项分析］［A］阶段［B］因素［C］等级［D］方法依据原文语境"T。findout,the

researcherscontrolledforvarious10thatmightmakefirmsmorelikelytoinvest-likesize,

industry,andsales…”本题中，破折号后面“大小，产业，销售”这些都是“让公司有更多投

资的”因素。因此，B选项最符合原文语境。

11.［标准答案］［A］desirable

［考点分析］上下文语义和形容词

［选项分析］该空填的是形容词，用来修饰前面的名词place,并且在意义上也是对后面

likegrowthinwagesorpopulation的说明，可以看出来应当是填褒义词，并且能修饰place.

所以只有［A］desirable合适的符合文章。［B］social社交的［C］reputable受敬重的

［D］reliable可依靠的。

12.［标准答案］［B］held

［考点分析］上下文语义及动词词义辨析

［选项分析］该句算是这一段的总结句，该段整体在描述华蜜与投资之间的关系，而这

—link就只能得出了，只有［B］held"得出"符合语境。Aresumed"重新起先"，Cemerge"出

现"，Dbroke“破坏”。

13.［标准答案］［A］attribute

［考点分析］上下文逻辑关系以及动词词组辨析

［选项分析］该空是一个which引导的定语从句的谓语动词所在地，动词的宾语就是前面

的主句，强调“华蜜与投资之间的关系尤其适用于新公司”这一结论与后面“所做确定会偏草

率”之间的关系，能看出是一个因果关系，因此答案选择［A］attribute与t。搭配表示“归因

于……”，而［B］assignto表示“指派”［C］transferto“转移到”［D］compareto"与……比较”均不符

合题意。

14.［标准答案］［D］experienced

［考点分析］上下文语义及形容词词义辨析

［选项分析］此处很简洁，前面有一个并列连词and,与前面的young一样修饰

managers,强调新公司的领导年轻并缺乏阅历，只有［D］experienced最合适。

15.［标准答案］［C］also

［考点分析］上下文逻辑关系以及副词词义辨析

［选项分析］前面说到了“年轻的新经理决策时更简洁受心情影响。”与后面的“这种关系在

员工华蜜指数的公司尤为明显。公司好像乐于投资那些相对欢乐的员工所在的部门，

而不是那些不欢乐的部门。”之间很明显是一种递进关系，所以只有［C］also合适。

16.［标准答案］［D］equally

［考点分析］上下文语义及副词词义辨析

［选项分析］这题是考察副词修饰spread,但是更要留意的是该句“这种关系在员工华蜜

指数的公司尤为明显。公司好像乐于投资那些相对欢乐的员工所在的部门，而不是那

些不欢乐的部门。”中该空与后面的inequality形成复现关系，所以很简洁推断出答案选择

［D］equally»

17.［标准答案］［C］while

［考点分析］上下文逻辑关系

［选项分析］该题是典型的考察上下文逻辑关系的题目，因此着力点应当放在上一段和

这一段之间的关系。这一段第一句明确说出“这并不证明是华蜜导致公司大量投资……”，所

以两句话之间是一个转折关系，选择while.

18」标准答案］©hints

［考点分析］上下文语义及动词词义辨析

［选项分析］该题可以看出是考察动词与at的固定搭配，arriveat是“到达，抵达"，jump

at是"扑向;欣然接受"hintat是"示意"strikeat是"攻击，攻击"，文章中的atleast和that

possibility论证了这是一种可能，只有hintat有这层含义。

19」标准答案］［A］shape

［考点分析］上下文语义及动词词义辨析reshape重塑

［选项分析］依据上下文应当选一个'影响”将来看法含义的动词，旧］是“再发觉”［C］是“使

简化，使单纯”［D］是“共享”所以可以均可以解除，A是“塑造，形成，影响"，所以A项是最

佳答案。

20.［标准答案］［B］leantowards

［选项分析］上下文语义及动词词组词义辨析

［考点分析］本空考察动词词组，且该词组词义应与and前面意思保持一样，且作用对

象为研发。［A］prayfor祈祷［B］leantowards倾向［C］giveaway放弃，泄露［D］sendout

放出，赐予。只有［B］选项能表达一种递进含义。

【全文翻译】

欢乐的人工作起来会有不同。他们更多产，更有创建力，也更情愿去冒险。近期的一项

探讨表明欢乐也可能会影响公司的工作。

依据近期的探讨报告，在各地的公司里，拥有更多欢乐的员工会投入的更多。尤其是那

些在欢乐氛围中的公司会做更多的研发以及发展。因为欢乐与对将来投资有必要的长远考虑

相联系。这是因为对将来进行投资须要作出长远决策，而这种决策与欢乐相关。

探讨者希望了解乐观精神和随欢乐而来的冒险精神是否会变更公司投资的方式。因此，

他们把盖洛普询问公司所评估出的美国城市平均华蜜指数与该地区的上市公司投资活跃度

进行对比。

足以确定的是，公司投资和研发力度与公司总部所在地的华蜜指数相关。但是华蜜真的

与投资相关吗？或者说华蜜指数更高的城市的其他方面能够说明公司为何加大研发投入。为

了弄清这一点，探讨者驾驭了多种可能促使公司投资的因素，例如规模，产业，销售，也驾

驭了各种指标，如相宜居住地，工资涨幅及人口变更。了解这些问题后，华蜜与投资的关系

就能够轻松得出了。

华蜜与投资之间的关系尤其适用于新公司，这是因为新公司所做确定会偏草率，而且年

轻的新经理决策时更简洁受心情影响。同样，这种关系在员工华蜜指数相同的公司尤为明显。

公司好像乐于投资那些相对欢乐的员工所在的部门，而不是那些不欢乐的部门。

然而这并不证明是华蜜导致公司大量投资，或者从长远的角度来讲，探讨人员认为至少

它预示着这种可能性。不难想象，本地文化以及情感有助于影响高管对于将来的看法。“欢

乐的人比一般人有预见性、创建力、更擅长研发这种说法好像更可信。”一位探讨者说。

SectionIIReadingComprehension

PartA

Directions：Readthefollowingfourtexts.Answerthequestionsaftereachtextby

choosingA,B,CorD.MarkyouranswersonANSWERSHEET1.(40points)

Text1

Itstruethathigh-schoolcodingclassesaren'tessentialforlearningcomputerscience

incollege.Studentswithoutexperiencecancatchupafterafewintroductorycourses,said

TomCortina,theassistantdeanatCarnegieMellon'sSchoolofComputerScience.

However,Cortinasaid,earlyexposureisbeneficial.Whenyoungerkidslearn

computerscience,theylearnthatifsnotjustaconfusing,endlessstringoflettersand

numbers—butatooltobuildapps,orcreateartwork,ortesthypotheses.Ifsnotashard

forthemtotransformtheirthoughtprocessesasitisforolderstudents.Breakingdown

problemsintobite-sizedchunksandusingcodetosolvethembecomesnormal.Giving

morechildrenthistrainingcouldincreasethenumberofpeopleinterestedinthefieldand

helpfillthejobsgap,Cortinasaid.

Studentsalsobenefitfromlearningsomethingaboutcodingbeforetheygettocollege,

whereintroductorycomputer-scienceclassesarepackedtothebrim,whichcandrivethe

less-experiencedor-determinedstudentsaway.

TheFlatironSchool,wherepeoplepaytolearnprogramming,startedasoneofthe

manycodingbootcampsthafsbecomepopularforadultslookingforacareerchange.

Thehigh-schoolersgetthesamecurriculum,butuwetrytogearlessonstowardthings

the/reinterestedin,“saidVictoriaFriedman,aninstructor.Forinstance,oneoftheapps

thestudentsaredevelopingsuggestsmoviesbasedonyourmood.

ThestudentsintheFlatironclassprobablywon'tdropoutofhighschoolandbuildthe

nextFacebook.Programminglanguageshaveaquickturnover,sothe“RubyonRails”

languagetheylearnedmaynotevenberelevantbythetimetheyenterthejobmarket.But

theskillstheylearn—howtothinklogicallythroughaproblemand

organizetheresults—applytoanycodinglanguage,saidDeborahSeehorn,an

educationconsultantforthestateofNorthCarolina.

Indeed,theFlatironstudentsmightnotgointoITatall.Butcreatingafuturearmyof

codersisnotthesolepurposeoftheclasses.Thesekidsaregoingtobesurroundedby

computers——intheirpockets,intheiroffices,intheirhomes—fortherestoftheirlives.

Theyoungertheylearnhowcomputersthink,howtocoaxthemachineintoproducing

whattheywant-theearliertheylearnthattheyhavethepowertodothat-thebetter.

21.Cortinaholdsthatearlyexposuretocomputersciencemakesiteasierto.

A.completefuturejobtraining

B.remodelthewayofthinking

C.formulatelogicalhypotheses

D.perfectartworkproduction

22.Indeliveringlessonsforhigh-schoolers,Flatironhasconsideredtheir.

A.experience

B.academicbackgrounds

C.careerprospects

D.interest

23.DeborahSeehornbelievesthattheskillslearnedatFlatironwill.

A.helpstudentslearnothercomputerlanguages

B.havetobeupgradedwhennewtechnologiescome

C.needimprovingwhenstudentslookforjobs

D.enablestudentstomakebigquickmoney

24.Accordingtothelastparagraph,Flatironstudentsareexpectedto.

A.competewithafuturearmyofprogrammers

B.staylongerintheinformationtechnologyindustry

C.becomebetterpreparedforthedigitalizedworld

D.bringforthinnovativecomputertechnologies

25.Theword“coax”(Line4,Para.6)isclosestinmeaningto.

A.challenge

B.persuade

C.frighten

D.misguide

Text1

21答案Bremodelthewayofthinking.

Reshape重塑remold重塑

Mold名词•模型模子动词•形成塑造

解析：此题是文中人物观点题。依据Cortina定位到其次段前三句。Cortina认为尽早

接触计算机科学是有益的。第三句Itsnotashardforthemtotransformtheirthought

processesasitisforolderstudents.译为在转变思维程序方面小孩不像年龄较大的学生一

样困难,即Bremodelthewayofthinking转变思维方式即为同义替换。

22答案Dinterest

解析：此题是细微环节题。依据关键词Friedman定位到第四段其次句but之后引号里

面内容“我们试图让课程符合学生爱好”，故而Dinterest为正确答案。

23答案Ahelpstudentslearnothercomputerlanguages

解析：文中人物观点题。题干问的是DeborahSeehom认为在Flatiron这里所学到的

技能将能怎么样，据此定位到第五段But处，和题干基本•样，该句指出“Buttheskillsthey

learn...appltoanycodinglanguage",意思是他们学到的技能可以应用于任何编码语言。

对比答案选项，A选项的意思是‘帮助学生学习其他的计算机语言”属于原文定位处的同义替

换。

24答案Cbecomebetterpreparedforthedigitalizedworld

解析：细微环节题。题干指出：依据最终一段，Flatiron的学生被期望去干什么。据此

定位到最终一段的Thesekidsaregoingtobe处，是题干的同义复现。定位句“Thesekids

are...besurroundedbycomputersfortherestoftheirlives.Theyoungertheylearnhow

computersthink.......thebetter;*,意思是学生们越早学越好。C选项“为数字化的将来做更

好的打算”是同义概述。

25答案Bpersuade

解析：词义句意题，结合上下文来解题。依据coax此单词，定位到最终一段最终一句

“howtocoaxthemachineintoproducingwhattheywant”，考察固定搭配

•1persuade...into..A选项挑战，B选项劝服，C选项使恐慌，D选项误导。考生做题时

确定要留意结合上下文来推想生词的词义，这是命题人的出题规律。

Text2

Biologistsestimatethatasmanyas2millionlesserprairiechickens—akindofbird

livingonstretchinggrasslands—oncelentredtotheoftengraylandscapeofthe

midwesternandsouthwesternUnitedStates.Butjustsome22,000birdsremaintoday,

occupyingabout16%ofthespecies*historicrange.

ThecrashwasamajorreasontheU.SFishandWildlifeService(USFWS)decided

toformallylistthebirdasthreatened.uThelesserprairiechickenisinadesperate

situation/*saidUSFWSDirectorDanielAshe.Someenvironmentalists,however,were

disappointed.Theyhadpushedtheagencytodesignatethebirdas“endangered,"a

statusthatgivesfederalofficialsgreaterregulatorypowertocrackdownonthreats.But

Asheandothersarguedthattheuthreatenedntaggavethefederalgovernmentflexibilityto

tryoutnew,potentiallylessconfrontationalconservationsapproaches.Inparticular,they

calledforforgingclosercollaborationswithwesternstategovernments,whichareoften

uneasywithfederalactionandwiththeprivatelandownerswhocontrolanestimated95%

oftheprairiechicken'shabitat.

Undertheplan,forexample,theagencysaiditwouldnotprosecutelandowneror

businessesthatunintentionallykill,harm,ordisturbthebird,aslongastheyhadsigneda

range-widemanagementplantorestoreprairiechickenhabitat.NegotiatedbyUSFWS

andthestates,theplanrequiresindividualsandbusinessesthatdamagehabitataspart

oftheiroperationstopayintoafundtoreplaceeveryacredestroyedwith2newacresof

suitablehabitat.Thefundwillalsobeusedtocompensatelandownerswhosetaside

habitat,USFWSalsosetaninterimgoalofrestoringprairiechickenpopulationstoan

annualaverageof67,000birdsoverthenext10years.AnditgivestheWestern

AssociationofFishandWildlifeAgencies(WAFWA),acoalitionofstateagencies,thejob

ofmonitoringprogress.Overall,theideaistolet“states"remaininthedriver'sseatfor

managingthespecies,"Ashesaid.

Noteveryonebuysthewin-winrhetoricSomeCongressmembersaretryingtoblock

theplan,andatleastadozenindustrygroups,fourstates,andthreeenvironmental

groupsarechallengingitinfederalcourtNotsurprisingly,doesn'tgofarenough”The

federalgovernmentisgivingresponsibilityformanagingthebirdtothesameindustries

thatarepushingittoextinction,“saysbiologistJayLininger.

26.Themajorreasonforlistingthelesserprairieasthreatenedis

[A]itsdrasticallydecreasedpopulation

[B]theunderestimateofthegrasslandacreage

[C]adesperateappealfromsomebiologists

[D]theinsistenceofprivatelandowners

27.The^threatened"tagdisappointedsomeenvironmentalistsinthatit

[A]wasagive-intogovernmentalpressure

[B]wouldinvolvefeweragenciesinaction

[C]grantedlessfederalregulatorypower

[D]wentagainstconservationpolicies

28.ltcanbelearnedfromParagraphsthatunintentionalharm-doerswillnotbe

prosecutedifthey

[A]agreetopayasumforcompensation

[B]volunteertosetupanequallybighabitat

[C]offertosupporttheWAFWAmonitoringjob

[D]promisetoraisefundsforUSFWSoperations

29.AccordingtoAshe,theleadingroleinmanagingthespeciesin

[A]thefederalgovernment

[B]thewildlifeagencies

[C]thelandowners

[D]thestates

3O.JayLiningerwouldmostlikelysupport

[A]industrygroups

[B]thewin-winrhetoric

[C]environmentalgroups

[D]theplanunderchallenge

26答案Aitsdrasticallydecreasedpopulation

解析：此题是缘由细微环节题。依据关键词定位到第一段But前后关于lesserprairie

chickens数量2million和22,000的居U烈对比。此夕卜其次段其次句“thelesserprairiechicken

isinadesperatesituation”都可以得知Aitsdrasticallydecreasedpopulation数量的急剧

下降为正确答案。

27答案Cgrantedlessfederalregulatorypowers

Grant动词-同意允许；授予赐予

名词-补贴

解析：此题是缘由细微环节题。依据关键词定位到其次段第四句，Theyhad...,astate

thatgivesfederalofficialsgreaterregulatorypower.而But之后是截然相反的事实，即政

府授予了更少的管理权。故而Cgrantedlessfederalregulatorypowers为正确答案。

28答案Aagreetopayasumforcompensation赔偿补偿薪酬

解析：推断题。题干问的是从第三段推出来：无意损害的那些人是不会被检举的假如怎

么样。依据题干定位到第三段首句“itwouldnotprosecute....aslongas…题干中问的if

即原文的aslongas的同意替换，原文aslongas的意思是：只要他们签署了安排。下一

句说道，该安排要求个体和企业去支付基金。对应选项A选项“赞同支付赔偿”属于同义替换。

29答案Dthestates

解析：此题是细微环节题。依据关键词定位到第三段最终一句theideaistolet

theMstatesHremaininthedriver'sseatformanagingthespecies,Ashesaid.其中inthe

driver'sseat对应题干中的theleadingrole,故而Dstates为正确答案。

30答案Cenvironmentalgroups群体团体

解析：文中人物观点题。题干问的是JayLininger最可能支持谁，大写人名定位到末段

最终一句。最终一句提到：生物学家JayLininger说道联邦政府要把责任推给导致鸟类灭亡

的企业，明显是对政府和企业的反对。再往前看一句，指出：企业团体和政府部门观点一样,

环境学家与其观点恰巧一样。因此，JayLininger最支持环境团体的观点了。

Text3

Thateveryone'stoobusythesedaysisacliche.Butonespecificcomplaintismade

especiallymournfully：There'sneveranytimetoread.

Whatmakestheproblemthornieristhattheusualtime-managementtechniques

don'tseemsufficient.Theweb'sfullofarticlesofferingtipsonmakingtimetoread:"Give

upTV”or“Carryabookwithyouatalltimes“Butinmyexperience,usingsuchmethodsto

freeuptheodd30minutesdoesn*twork.Sitdowntoreadandtheflywheelofwork-related

thoughtskeepsspinning-orelseyouYesoexhaustedthatachallengingbook'sthelast

thingyouneed.Themodernmind,TimParks,anovelistandcritic,writes,uis

overwhelminglyinclinedtowardcommunication...Itisnotsimplythatoneisinterrupted;it

isthatoneisactuallyinclinedtointerruption”.Deepreadingrequiresnotjusttime,buta

specialkindoftimewhichcan'tbeobtainedmerelybybecomingmoreefficient.

Infact,"becomingmoreefficienfispartoftheproblem.Thinkingoftimeasa

resourcetobemaximisedmeansyouapproachitinstrumentally,judginganygiven

momentaswellspentonlyinsofarasitadvancesprogresstowardsomegoalimmersive

reading,bycontrast,dependsonbeingwillingtoriskinefficiency,goallessness,even

time-wasting.Trytoslotitasato-dolistitemandyoullmanageonlygoal-focused

reading-useful,sometimes,butnotthemostfulfillingkind.HThefuturecomesatuslike

emptybottlesalonganunstoppableandnearlyinfiniteconveyorbelt,“writesGaryEberle

inhisbookSacredTime,and“wefeelapressuretofillthesedifferent-sizedbottles(days,

hours,minutes)astheypass,foriftheygetbywithoutbeingfilled,wewillhavewasted

them”.Nomind-setcouldbeworseforlosingyourselfinabook.

Sowhatdoeswork?Perhapssurprisingly,schedulingregulartimesforreading.

You'dthinkthismightfueltheefficiencymind-set,butinfact,Eberlenotes,suchritualistic

behaviourhelpsus"stepoutsidetime'sflowninto“soultime”.Youcouldlimitdistractions

byreadingonlyphysicalbooks,oronsingle-purposee-readers.uCarryabookwithyouat

alltimes“canactuallywork,too-providingyoudipinoftenenough,sothatreading

becomesthedefaultstatefromwhichyoutemporarilysurfacetotakecareofbusiness,

beforedroppingbackdown.Onareallygoodday,itnolongerfeelsasifyouYe“making

timetoread,"butjustreading,andmakingtimeforeverythingelse.

31.Theusualtime-managementtechniquesdon'tworkbecause?????

[A]whattheycanofferdoesnoteasethemodernmind

[B]whatchallengingbooksdemandisrepetitivereading

[C]whatpeopleoftenforgetiscarryingabookwiththem

[D]whatdeepreadingrequirescannotbeguaranteed

32.The“emptybottles^^metaphorillustratesthatpeoplefeelapressureto?????

[A]updatetheirto-dolists

[B]makepassingtimefulfilling

[C]carrytheirplansthrough

[D]pursuecarefreereading

33.Eberlewouldagreethatschedulingregulartimesforreadinghelps?????

[A]encouragetheefficiencymind-set

[B]developonlinereadinghabits

[C]promoteritualisticreading

[D]achieveimmersivereading

34.“Carryabookwithyouatalltimes”canworkif?????

[A]readingbecomesyourprimarybusinessoftheday

[B]allthedailybusinesshasbeenpromptlydealtwith

[C]youareabletodropbacktobusinessafterreading

[D]timecanbeevenlysplitforreadingandbusiness

35.Thebesttitleforthistextcouldbe?????

[A]HowtoEnjoyEasyReading

[B]HowtoFindTimetoRead

[C]HowtoSetReadingGoals

[D]HowtoReadExtensively

31答案Dwhatdeepreadingrequirescannotbeguaranteed.

解析：因果细微环节题。题干指出：传统的时间管理方法不起作用的缘由是什么。依据

题干定位至|J其次段首句指出theusualtime-managementtechniquesdon'tseemsufficient,

是题干的同义替换，但要找缘由。整段都在分析过程环节，最终缘由必定在该段末句提到。

干脆定位到该段末句，指出深化阅读不仅须要时间，而且是一种仅仅通过有效无法获得的一

种时间。结合选项D,深化阅读所需的无法得到确保，是原文末句的同义替换。

32答案Bmakepassingtimefulfilling

解析：题干问的是“emptybottles”暗喻证明白人们在做什么方面有压力，emptybottles

干脆可以在文中GaryEberle所说的话中找到：“Thefuturecomesatuslikeempty

bottles…”。其所说的话证明的目的必定是为了说明前一句的观点。因此，该题定位到三段“try

toslot...butnotthemostfulfillingkind",该句就指出：只会处理目标集中的阅读，这是有用

的，但不是最有满意感的。结合选项B使消逝的时间更有满意感，是原文的同义替换。

33答案Dachieveimmersivereading

解析：文中人物观点题，留意区分文中人物观点和作者观点。题干问的是Eberle赞同

为阅读设定规定性时间帮助什么。依据题干精确定位到第四段其次句：“You'dthinkthis

mightfueltheefficiencymind-set,butinfact,E.....intosoultime",意思是你会认为这可以

提升效率性思维设定，但事实上这些行为帮助我们跨入到灵魂阅读时间。对应选项D,获得

深化阅读，属于同义替换。

34答案Areadingbecomesyourprimarybusinessoftheday

解析：细微环节题。题干指出：总是带一本书会起作用假如怎么样。依据题干定位到末

段中间部分“carryabookwithyouatalltimescanactuallywork,too...sothatreading

becomesthedefaultstatefromwhichyoutemporarilysurfacetotakecareofbusiness.**,

意思是这样的话阅读就成为默认状态，间或会出来管理工作（留意business并非默认状态，

非主要事情）。对应选项A阅读成为每天的主要任务，是该句的同义替换。

35答案BHowtoFindTimetoRead

解析：标题题，即全文中心主旨。通过题干，可发觉题干关键词中time复现多次，因

此可确定time为全文的主题词。整篇文章都围绕阅读时间来绽开，因此正确答案为A如何

找寻阅读时间。

Text4

Againstabackdropofdrasticchangesineconomyandpopulationstructure,younger

Americansaredrawinganew21st-centuryroadmaptosuccess,alatestpollhasfound.

Acrossgenerationallines,Americanscontinuetoprizemanyofthesametraditional

milestonesofasuccessfullife,includinggettingmarried,havingchildren,owningahome,

andretiringintheirsixties.Butwhileyoungandoldmostlyagreeonwhatconstitutesthe

finishlineofafulfillinglife,theyofferstrikinglydifferentpathsforreachingit.

Youngpeoplewhoarestillgettingstartedinlifeweremorelikelythanolderadultsto

prioritizepersonalfulfillmentintheirwork,tobelievetheywilladvancetheircareersmost

byregularlychangingjobs,tofavorcommunitieswithmorepublicservicesandafaster

paceoflife,toagreethatcouplesshouldbefinanciallysecurebeforegettingmarriedor

havingchildren,andtomaintainthatchildrenarebestservedbytwoparentsworking

outsidethehome,thesurveyfound.

Fromcareertocommunityandfamily,thesecontrastssuggestthatintheaftermathof

thesearingGreatRecession,thosejuststartingoutinlifearedefiningprioritiesand

expectationsthatwillincreasinglyspreadthroughvirtuallyallaspectsofAmericanlife,

fromconsumerpreferencestohousingpatternstopolitics.

Youngandoldconvergeononekeypoint:Overwhelmingmajoritiesofbothgroups

saidtheybelieveitisharderforyoungpeopletodaytogetstartedinlifethanitwasfor

earliergenerations.Whileyoungerpeoplearesomewhatmoreoptimisticthantheirelders

aboutthe