高二同步备课资料：UnitSharing语言要点

学必求其心得，业必贵于专精学必求其心得，业必贵于专精学必求其心得，业必贵于专精Unit4Sharing一、语言要点I单元要点预览(旨在让同学整体了解本单元要点）词汇部分词语辨析1。imaginative/imaginable/imaginary2.dryup/dryout3。otherwise/therefore/however词形变化1。operatev.操作，动手术operatorn。操作员,（电话)接线员,operationn。运转，操作，实施2.donatev。捐赠，赠予donationn。捐赠品,捐款,贡献3。arrangev。安排，排列，arrangementn。排列,安排4。adjustv.调整，调节adjustableadj.可调整的adjustmentn。调整，调节，调节器5.participatev。参与,分享，participantn。参与者,participationn。分享,参与重点单词adjustvt。＆vi。调整；使适合.participatevi。参与；参加.otherwiseadv。用别的方法；其他方面。Adv＆conj.否则；不然arrangementn。安排;排列.donatevt。捐赠。purchasevt.&n.买；购买.distributionn.分配;分发；分布状态。relevantadj。有关的，相应的operatev。操作，运转，开动,起作用重点词组(be)dyingto.极想；渴望。theotherday几天前stickout.伸出inneed.在困难中；在危急中。重点句型1。WhenIreachtheschoolgroundstherearelotsof“goodmorning"formefromtheboys。2。YouaskedwhetherI’mgettingtoknowanylocalpeople.3.Thegiftcoversthecostofexercisebooksandtextbooksforcommunityprimaryschoolsthatoperateinpoororremotevillages.重点语法限制性定语从句(见语法专题）II词语辨析(旨在提供完形填空所需材料)1).imaginative/imaginable/imaginaryadj。【解释】imaginative富有想象力的，创新的imaginable可想象得到的imaginary想象中的,虚构的【练习】选择imaginative/imaginable或imaginary并用其适当的形式填空1）Althoughthemaincharactersinthenovelaresotruetolife,theyare_______。2）It’s_______forsuchan_______writertocreate_______stories.3)Thisistheonlysolution_________.4)Thefamouspoemwasfroman______poet.Keys:1）imaginary2)imaginable;imaginative；imaginary3）imaginable4)imaginative2）。dryup/dryout【解释】dryup使完全变干；（河流，湖泊等）干涸dryout变干,干透（不及物短语)【练习】选择dryup或dryout，并用其适当的形式填空1)Thefarmerspumpedwatertotheirfieldstostopthesoil________.2)Thepool________inthelateautumn。3）Thevillagershadtowaitforthesunto_________thedirtroad.4）Don’tleavethevegetableonthetable,oritwill________。Keys:1)dryingout2)driesup3）dryup4)dryout3）otherwise/therefore/however【解释】otherwise否则；不然thereforeadv.因此，所以however无论如何,可是【练习】选择otherwise/therefore或however并用其适当的形式填空1)Hedidn’tworkhardatEnglish_______hewouldn’tfinditdifficulttolearnnow．2)Wedonothaveenoughmoney．_________wecannotaffordtobuythenewcar．3)Thefirstpartwaseasy；thesecond,________，tookhours．4)Heisnoisy，but________aniceboy．5)Weweregoingtoplayfootball，butitwassohotthatwedecidedtodo_____________．Keys:1)otherwise2）Therefore3)however4）otherwise5)otherwiseIII词性变化（旨在提供语法填空所需材料）1.operatev。操作，动手术operatorn。操作员，（电话）接线员，operationn。运转,操作，实施2。donatev。捐赠,赠予donationn。捐赠品,捐款，贡献3.arrangev.安排,排列,arrangementn。排列，安排4。adjustv.调整，调节adjustableadj.可调整的adjustmentn.调整,调节，调节器5.participatev。参与，分享,participantn.参与者,participationn。分享，参与【练习】根据句子结构，用括号内所提供词的适当形式填空1）Theyencouragedthe_______to_______inthesingingperformanceafterthecontest.。(participate)2）Thedoctorare________onan______ofafactorywhogotinjuredwhen_______amachine，andthe________issaidtolastovertenhours。(operate）3）Theseatsintheplaneare________，andyoucan________themtoacertainangle。The______isnotdifficulttomake.(adjust)4)Thedrinkswere________tothembycocacolacompanyandtheyreceived_______fromothercompaniesaswell.(donate）5)Ourdepartmentwillbeinchargeof_______theconference。Wouldyoupleasegiveussomesuggestionsonthe_______forit？(arrange)keys:1）participants；participate2)operating；operator；operating；operation3）adjustable;adjust；adjustment4)donated；donation5)arranging；arrangementIV重点词汇（旨在提供综合运用所需材料）1.adjustvt。＆vi.调整;使适合.[重点用法]adjustmentn．调整；修正adjustableadj．可调节的；可调整的adjust(sth．／oneself）(tosth．)使适应；适应.注意：该词作不及物动词时，其意思是“适应于”,后常跟介词to。[典例］1)IusuallyadjustmywatchbeforeIgotoworkinthemorning．我通常早上上班前校准我的表.2)Itseemsthatthenewcomershaveadjustedthemselvesintheschoo1．新来的同学看来适应了学校生活。3)Headjustedhimselfveryquicklytotheheatofthecountry．他使自己很快适应了这个国家炎热的气候.4）Thedesksandseatscanbeadjustedtotheheightofanychild．这些桌子和凳子能被调整到适合任何孩子的高度.[练习］汉译英1)他很快就适应了这种生活方式，从此幸福地生活着。___________________________________________________________________________________2)许多新兵没能很快适应军中生活,结果病倒了。___________________________________________________________________________________Keys:1）Hesoonadjustedhimselftothewayoflifeandhaslivedhappilyeversince．2）Quiteafewnewsoldierscouldnotadjustthemselvestoarmylifeandfellill.participatevi。参与；参加；分享［重点用法]participantn。参与者，共享者participateinadiscussion参加讨论participateinprofits分享利润participateinsb.'ssufferings分担某人的痛苦；与某人共患难[典例]IfonlyIcouldparticipateinyourgoodfortune.要是我能分享你的好运就好了Wheningrief，youneedsomefriendstoparticipateinyoursuffering。悲伤时，你需要朋友帮你分担痛苦。[练习］根据括号里所给的中文意思补全句子.1）Imanagedtogetintouchwithmyoldschoolmatesgraduatedin2003_________(参加校庆100周年)2）Ifonly_____________________________________(分享你的好运）。3)Heisan___________________________________(积极参加社会活动的人).Keys:1)toparticipateinthehundredthanniversaryofschoo1Dayofourhighschoo1．2)Icouldparticipateinyourgoodfortune3)activeparticipantinsocialworkotherwiseadv.用别的方法；其他方面。adv&conj.否则；不然\[重点用法]andotherwise等等;其他butotherwise然而在别的方面却orotherwise或相反［典例］1)Heisslowbutotherwiseheisagoodworker．他虽慢，但在其他方面却是个好工人。2)Heremindedmeofthat;Ishouldotherwisehaveforgotten．幸亏他提醒了我，要不然我就忘了。3)Youshouldgonow，otherwiseyou’llmissthebus．你现在该走了，否则就赶不上公共汽车了。4)Hethinksotherwise．他是另外一种想法。［练习］汉译英1）今天我身体不舒服,否则我会去机场接你了。2）房租贵了些，但其他方面还挺令人满意的.3)我们得到达那儿，搭乘飞机或者其它方式。Keys：1)I'mnotfeelingwelltoday；otherwiseIwouldmeetyouattheairport.2）Therentisabithigh，butotherwisethehouseissatisfactory.3）We’llgettheresomehow，byplanorotherwise.arrangementn.安排；排列。［典例]1)Hearrangedthebooksontheshelf．他把书架上的书整理了一下。2)Wehavearrangedaparty．我们准备了一个晚会。3）Arrangedwithhertomeetat8．和她商定8点钟见面。［重点用法］arrangev．安排,排列,协商cometoanarrangement谈妥；达成协议makearrangementfor为……做好准备；为……做好安排makearrangementwithsb．与（某人）商定或约好,(和某人）达成协议；做好准备;做出安排[练习］根据括号里所给的中文意思补全句子.1）Thesecretaryhas_____________(为这次会议时间和地点做好了安排）themeeting．2）Theflowershopprovidedflowersandsawto_______________________________。(这花店提供花卉并保证为他们的典礼作好布置.)3)Thedoctorshad_______________（为外科手术做好了准备）beforethepatientwascarriedin．Keys:1)madethearrangementofatimeandplacefor2）theirarrangementfortheceremony3)madearrangementsforsurgerydonatevt.捐赠.［重点用法]donationn．［C]捐赠物；n．[U]捐赠，赠送donatorn．捐赠者donatesth．（tosb．／sth．）捐赠，赠送（钱、物等）makeadonation（donations)l提示：donate虽然是及物动词，常与介词to搭配，但位于直接宾语前的介词to不能省略。类似用法的词语还有:introducesb．tosb．;explainsth．tosb．等。[典例]1）Alltheteachersandschoolmatesdonatebloodtothenationannually．全校师生每年都向国家献血.2)Wouldyouliketomakeadonationtoourcharityappeal？你愿意响应我们慈善团体呼吁来捐物吗？3）Donationistheactofgivingtoafundorcause．捐赠是对某一基金或事业的赠送行为。[练习]用donate的相关介词或正确形式填空.1)TheHopeProject_____whicheveryoneatworkdonatesaday’spayissignificant．2）Almostathirdofthebestseatsaresetasideformembers，whohavemade_____totheopera．3）Theactivityofcharity______isdueat8tomorrowmorning．4)The_____refusedhisnameafter______alargesumofmoney.(donate)Keys：1)to2)donations3）donation4)donator；donatingpurchasevt.&n。买；购买；（以某种代价)换得；（经过努力)取得，赢得（常与with连用)［典例]1)Thenewcouplespentsomemoneyonthepurchaseofthefurniturenecessaryfortheirnewhouse．这对新婚夫妇花费了一些钱购买新房子里必需的家具。2)Thefarmwassoldattenyears’purchase.这农场以相当于10年间土地收入的价钱售出。［重点用法］madeapurchase买件东西leavesb．tohispurchase让某人自谋生路liveonone'spurchase自谋生计，自找活路purchasefreedomwithblood以血的代价赢得自由purchaseandsale买卖[练习]根据括号里所给的中文意思补全句子。1）Itis__________________________________(我前几天买来的一件东西。)。2)Youcan’t_________________________________（你不努力什么也不能得到).3)Hegavehissonsomemoney______________________（买课本）．Keys:1）arecentpurchaseofmine／whatIpurchasedtheotherday2)getanypurchasewithoutefforts／purchaseanythingifyoudon'tmakeanyeffort3)forthepurchaseof／topurchasehisschoolbooksdistributionn。分配;分发;分布状态。[重点用法］distributev.vi。分配;散布distributesth。to把某物分[配，发］给.。。distributesth。among把某物分［配,发]给。。.[典例］1）Atpresent,thedistributionofprofitscannotsatisfymostofthepeople。目前利润的分配未能满足大多数人民。2）Beforetheopeningceremonyofthesuper—market，someworkersaresenttodistributehandbillsonthestreet。超市开业前，一些工作人员被派去街上散发传单。[练习]汉译英1）幼儿园的老师正在给小朋友们派发礼物。___________________________________________________________________________________2）救援物资的发放依然在讨论中。___________________________________________________________________________________Keys:1)Theteacherinthekindergartenisdistributingthesmallgiftstothechildren.2）Thedistributionoftherescuinggoodsisunderdiscussion。8.relevantadj.有关的,相应的［典例］1）Morerelevantdetailshavebeenfoundout。找到了更多有关的细节2）Herefusedtosayanythingnotrelevanttothepresentquestion他拒绝回答和目前的问题无关的内容。［练习]汉译英1）要了解更多信息，请登陆相关网站。______________________________________________________________________________________2）你有关于健康饮食的书吗？______________________________________________________________________________________Keys：1）Forfurtherinformation,pleaserefertorelevantwebsite.2）Haveyougotanybookrelevanttohealthydiet？9.operatev。操作,运转,开动，起作用[典例］1）Themedicineoperatedquickly.这药很快就起作用了。2)Heisoperatingapatientonthehead他正在给病人头部做手术3）Hehelpedhisfatherwithoperatingabusiness。他帮他的父亲经营着一家企业[练习］汉译英起初发动机工作正常。这家公司在30多个国家开了快餐店。时下许多小孩擅长于操作电脑.Keys：1）Atthebeginning,themotoroperatedsmoothly。2）Thecompanyoperatesfast-foodrestaurantsinover30countries。3)Nowadaysmanykidsaregoodatoperatingcomputers。V重点词组（旨在提供综合运用所需材料）bedyingforsth／todosth迫切想要；渴望[短语归纳]bethirstyforsth／todosth渴望[典例］1）I’mdying/thirstyforsomethingtoeat.我极想吃点东西。2)Sheisdying/thirstytoknowwhereyouhavebeen。她极想知道你去了哪儿。3）Afteralongdryseasonthetreesaredying/thirstyforwater。经过一个漫长的旱季，树木迫切需要水分。[练习]汉译英1)我姐姐非常渴望能在外企工作。_________________________________________________________________________________________2)我和我的同学们都迫切想看电影《马达加斯加II》_________________________________________________________________________________________Keys：1)Mysisterisdyingforachancetoworkinaforeignenterprise.2)MyclassmatesandIaredyingtoseethemovieMadagascarIItheotherday几天前[典例]1)Icameacrossmyoldfriendinthestreetintheotherday.我几天前在街上碰见一个老朋友。2)Iheardofthenewsintheotherday，butIdarednottellyou。几天前我就听说这个消息了,但不敢告诉你。[练习］汉译英1)前几天通过的决定已经被执行了。___________________________________________________________________________________2)几天前发生的车祸让这对老夫妇依然心有余悸.___________________________________________________________________________________keys：1)Thedecisionpassedtheotherdayhasbeencarriedout.2）Thetrafficaccidencehappeningtheotherdaystillfrightenedtheoldcouple。stickout.伸出，突出,坚持到底[短语归纳]sticktosth。坚持(to是介词）stickwithsb／sth继续支持某人／某事提示：stick（stuck,stuck）不规则动词［典例］1)Don’tstickyourheadoutofthecarwindow.不要把头伸到车窗外。2)Stickwithmeandyou’llbeallright．有事你来找我就没问题了［练习］选择填空1)Heworeshoesthatlooked30yearsold,toosmallforhisfeet，withholesalloverthem，histoes______out．A．stuckB．cameC．wentD．rushed2)BecauseEdgarwasconvincedoftheaccuracyofthisfact，he_____hisopinion.A。stuckatB。stucktoC。stoodforD。stuckoutKeys：1）A【解析】考察短语记忆B“出来；长出；出现"C“出去;熄灭”D“冲出去“2）B【解析】对固定短语的记忆和句意的理解是解题的关键。A“不断地认真做了顾虑、犹豫（指坏事）;C“主张，容忍，代表，象征”。inneed.在困难中;在危急中。［短语归纳］inneed/wantof需要theneedforsth。对……的需要atone’sneed在某人困难时satisfy/meetone’sneeds满足某人的需要[典例]1）Afterthelackofwaterforalongtie,cropsareingreatneedofwater；长时间缺水后，庄稼急需要水.2）Asweallknow,everyoneintheworldhasaneedforaffection.我们大家都知道，每个人都有对感情的需要[练习］汉译英1）无论孩子们提出什么要求，家长们总是设法满足他们的需要。________________________________________________________________________________________2）勤奋工作是成功的需要。________________________________________________________________________________________Keys:1)Nomatterwhatrequirementsareraisedbychildren,theparentswouldmanagetosatisfytheirneeds.2）Hardworkistheneedforsuccess.VI重点句子(旨在提供句子结构等所需材料)1。Som