互联网可靠性信息系统外文翻译文献

附录互联网可靠性信息系统外文翻译文献PAGE16互联网可靠性信息系统外文翻译文献(文档含中英文对照即英文原文和中文翻译)原文：TheReliabilityofInternet-BasedInformationSystem

Summaryofpapersfocusedonthereliabilityoftheinformationsystemwiththewideareanetworkandserverstructuredevelopment.ExistingcustomersofthesystemandanamendmenttothetransformationserverHTTPtasktoperformanalysisandadvancedgraphics.Atthesametime,thearticleisalsoontheglobalinformationnetworkandthetechnicalbackground,aswellas,client/serversystemsanalysisexplained.Withsystemsdevelopment,designengineersandreliabilityanalystscanmorequicklyandeasilyonananalysisofthereliabilityofthesystem.Keywords:informationsystem,WWW,client/serverarchitecture,thereliabilityof1.Theintroductionofinformationsystemshaveawiderangeofpracticalapplication,itcanbeusefulforthejudgetomakeadecisivestrategy.Isgenerallybelievedthattheinformationsystemisbuiltonthemodeloftheorganizationalstructureofaparticulardataflow.Inreliabilityengineering,researchersintheaccessanddataanalysiswillbesomedifficulties.Thesystemdevelopmentprocessistheaccumulationofdatafromthemajorityofanalyststoobtainthereliability.Inthecomponentdata,computerfailurerateforeachcomponent,theapplication-specificdata(forexample,theimportanceoftheapplication,functionofthenumberofpins,andsoon.)Developersforthedesignofthesystemareveryimportantintermsof.Institutionsintheorganization,client/serverarchitecturehasbeenintegratedasagoodwayofcomputerdata.Withthetraditionalfocusonthecomputerenvironment,theclient/serverenvironment,userssharedata,applications,areeasiertodealwiththeprocess[1].Abilitytoworkdependsonthebalanceoftheapplicationofclient/serversystem,animportantrole.

SupportthedevelopmentoftheInternetasaninteractivedatadisplayanddistributionofthemeansoftransmission.Internetclientandserverinteractioninthestandardizationofinformationwasagreatsuccess.Similarly,inthedevelopmentofclientandserversoftwareornetworkprotocol,ifnotrequirespecialresources,Internet-basedsystemcanquicklycreate.

Inthischapter,weexplainedtheInternet-basedandclient/servertechnologytoachievethereliabilityofinformationsystems.ChapterIIprovidesanoverviewofclient/servercomputinginresponsetotheInternet.ChapterIIIdescribesthereliabilityofinformationsystemsimplementationdetails,andChapterIVoffurtherstudyweresummarizedanddiscussed.

2.Internetandclient/serverarchitecture

Client/serverstructureoftherelationshipbetweenthetwoprocessescanbesaidtoberunninganumberoftasksincooperation.Itsupportstheintegrityofinformationsystemsandscalability[2].Lyu(1995)demonstratedthattheclient/serverstructureofthefouradvantages:costreduction,productivityimprovement,systemlifecycleavailabilityofalongerandbetter.Therefore,client/serversystemarchitectureisconsideredaviablestructureofinformationsystems.

WiththedevelopmentoftheInternettoachieveclient/serverstructureofthesimplestpossiblewayoutisthetaskoftheclientsoftwareisdisplayedandtheformatoftheinformationobtainedfromtheserverusingawebbrowser.Manybibliographicretrievalsystemisthetypicalexample.Inawebbrowserasaclientaccesstoanexistingclient/serverplatform,onlyaclassofsystemcode(HTMLandhelpcode)needtomaintain.

Butforothersystems,theclientsoftwareonbehalfoftheserverintheimplementationofadditionaltasksorusers,theco-ordinationmechanismsneedawebbrowser-basedclienttorunthesejobs.AtypicalsolutionistousetheCommonGatewayInterface(CGI)program.However,duetovariousreasons,thisapproachisnotsatisfactory..InaCGI-basedsystem,allareusuallyhandledbytheclienttaskmustbesimulatedbytheCGIprogram.Increasetheburdenontheserver.AnotherfromthestandardInternetbrowseraccesstoclient/serverapplicationsisinventedbytheDossickandKaiser[3].TheyhaveputforwardaHTTPproxytoconnecttotheexistingclient/servernetworksystem.HTTPproxytointerceptHTTPrequestsfordataandusetheoriginalsetofrequestsfortheirtransfertothesourcesystem.

TheuseofAPIsissimilartoNetscape'sembeddedbrowser-specifictoolstocreateclient/serversystem,browser-basedclientisfeasible.However,theuseofsuchAPIsgeneratedbytheWeb-basedclientsoftwaretolimittheuseofaproprietaryplatform,aswellasadedicatedwebbrowser.UnnecessaryrestrictionswhichoffsetalotofclientstocreateWeb-basedbenefits.

3.System

ElectronicsandTelecommunicationsResearchInstitute(ETRI)hasdevelopedERISiscalledthereliabilityofinformationsystems.Itcanbesynthesizedusingacomputersystemfailurerateandreliabilityofthecalculation[4].ERISclientsincludeproceduresbythetwoneutralcomponents,theyaredifferenthardwareplatforms:workstationsandpersonalcomputers.NotfamiliarwiththeUNIXenvironment,userswillbeinconvenienttouse.

NeedstobenotedthatthereliabilityofsoftwaretoolsmadebyBirolini.Inordertobecomeusefultotheusersoftware,asopposedtootherrequirements,alargeenoughdatabaseisveryimportant.Instand-aloneenvironment,theusercanhaveanindependentdatastorage.Thiswillbeawasteofcomputerresourcesandtime.Mostexistingtoolsareindependent,tosharedatabetweenusersinconvenient.BasedontheaboveintheERIStestrequirementsandtheviewscollected,wesetthefollowingelements:

-Friendlyuserinterface:man-machineinterfacefortheeffectivehandlinglargeamountsofdataisveryimportant.Atthesametime,hisunderstandingoftheresultsoftheanalysisisveryhelpful.

-Openness:informationservicesmustbewidelyused.Openthesameend-usersinthereliabilityoftheinformationcanbeusedintheclienteasyaccesstootherapplications.

-Datasharing:OncepartofthedataintotheDBMS,thenthisdatashouldbesharedbyotherusers.

-UserManagement:Userinformationisstoredcaneffectivelydealwiththeincreaseinusers.

-Security:safedesignmustbeappropriatetoconsiderthedesigndatainordertopreventtheoutsideworldopen.Onlythosewithonlythecorrectuseridentificationnumber(ID)andpasswordoftheusertoenterthedatabaseserver.

Basedontheabove-mentionedrequirements,ERISfunctionsofthedevelopmentofthefollowing.Thesystemisdividedintothefollowingtwocategories:user/databasemanagementandreliabilityanalysis.

WeareacombinationofmethodstoconnecttotheInternetaswellasthesourceclient/serverstructureofthedevelopmentofERIS.Webbrowserinthedisplayandformattinginformationcanbeusedeffectivelyforallusers.WebbrowsermanagementconceptsusedforERIS.ERISallowsmanagementthroughtheuser'swebbrowserapplication.HomeuserscanapplyforERISthroughtheuseofID.Oncehis/herregistrationIDintheuserdatabase,he/shecanbeinanyplacetodownloadtheclientprogramERIS.

ERIS'stherealizationofclientsimilartoWindowsprogram.Conducivetotheserverthroughtheclienttodealwiththeoriginalfunction-specificapplications.Theyhaveabetterandeasytostoreauser-friendlyinterface,inordertomergethereliabilityoflearning,providethemwithagoodquerytothedesignprocess.ServerprocessandclientprocessesisinlinewiththeTCP/IPprotocolstandarddatarequirements.ERISprovidesmewithInternetandclient/serverarchitectureofthecompositestructure.CGIandCOMservershavetwoprocesses.CGIsolutioncomponentsfromawebbrowserclienttoissuetheHTTPrequestandreturnthecorrespondingresults.COMistomanagetheprocessofdatalinkrequest.Thereisatemporarydatabaseerrorfiltercomponentsanduserinformation.Onlyauthenticatedusersandtheinformationdatacanberegistered.

UNIXserveroperatingsystemistheuseofworkstations,theclientisthePC.Informixdatabasemanagementsystemusedtomanageusersanddata.ServerprocessthroughtheESQL/Clanguage.ClientthroughtheMSVisualC++andDelphidevelopmenttoolsfordevelopment.

4.Conclusion

ERISistodesignengineersandreliabilityanalystswidelyuseddevelopmentsystem.SuccessionthroughacombinationofInternetandclient/serverstructureoftheconcept,wehavethescopeinthedesignoftheengine,setupquicklytounderstandthereliabilityofthedesignenvironment.ThroughtheuseoftheInternet,thedistributionoftimetoinstallatooltoreducealotthanbefore.ERISalsoviatheInternettoprovideservicestootherorganizations.InternettechnologydevelopmentandwillstimulatepopularInternet-basedsystemtothetraditionalclient/serversystemchanges.译文：基于互联网的可靠性信息系统论文主要讨论的是信息可靠性系统随着广域网和服务器构造的发展。对系统中现有客户和服务器进行修正改造来执行HTTP任务和高级制图分析。同时，文章还对全球信息网的技术背景和关系，以及,客户机/服务器系统做了解释分析。藉由系统开发，设计工程师和可信度分析家可以更为方便快捷地对系统的可靠性进行分析。

关键字：信息系统，WWW，客户机/服务器结构，可靠性

1.引言

信息系统有广泛的实际应用性，它还可以对决定性策略做出有用判断。一般认为，信息系统是构建在某一特定组织结构模型数据流程。在可靠性工程学中，研究员在存取和数据分析方面会有一些困难.系统开发过程中积累的多数数据都是从可靠性分析家那里获取的。在成份数据中,计算机每个成份的故障率时，特定应用数据(举例来说,应用的重要程度，功能引脚的数字,等等.)对于系统开发者的设计来讲都是很重要的。

在组织机构中，客户端/服务器结构被视为整合计算机数据的好方法。与传统集中计算机环境相比，在客户端/服务器环境下，用户共享数据、应用、处理进程都更加容易[1]。平衡工作的能力取决于应用是客户端/服务器系统的重要角色。互联网发展成为了支持交互式数据显示及分发的传输手段。互联网在客户端与服务器交互信息的标准化方面获得了巨大成功。同样，在发展客户端与服务器软件或网络协议时，如果没有要求特殊资源，基于互联网的系统可以迅速被创造。在本章，我们阐述了基于互联网和客户端/服务器技术的可靠性信息系统的实现。第二章概述了客户端/服务器计算的互联网响应。第三章介绍了可靠性信息系统的实现细节，并在第四章进行了进一步的研究总结和讨论。2.互联网和客户端/服务器结构客户机/服务器结构的关系可以说是两个进程合作运行一些任务。它支持信息系统的完整性和可扩充性[2]。Lyu(1995)论证了客户端/服务器结构的四项优势：成本降低、生产率提高、系统生命周期较长以及更好的可用性。因此，客户端/服务器系统结构被认为是一个可行的信息系统结构。随着互联网的发展，实现客户端/服务器结构的最简单的方法，就是在客户端软件的任务不过是显示及格式化从服务器取得的信息时使用网络浏览器。很多书目检索系统就是代表性的例子。在网络浏览器作为客户端存取一个已存在的客户端/服务器系统的平台时，只有一类系统代码（HTML和帮助代码）需要维护。但对于其他系统，客户端软件在执行代表服务器或用户的额外任务的时候，协调机制需要为基于网络浏览器的客户端运行这些工作。典型的解决办法是使用通用网关接口(CGI)程序。但由于种种原因，这一方法并不理想.。在一个基于CGI的系统中，所有通常由客户端处理的任务必须由CGI程序模拟。因此增加了服务器的负担。另一种从标准互联网浏览器获得客户端/服务器应用的方法是由Dossick和Kaiser发明的[3]。他们提出了一项以HTTP代理连接已存在的客户端/服务器网络系统的计划。HTTP代理拦截HTTP数据请求，并使用原始设定把他们的请求转移向源系统。使用类似于Netscape的嵌入式APIs的浏览器专用工具创建客户端/服务器系统的基于浏览器的客户端是可行的。不过，使用这种APIs把产生的基于网络客户端软件的使用限制在了专用平台以及专用网络浏览器上。这种不必要的限制抵消了很多创建基于网络客户端的好处。3.系统实施电子电信研究所(ETRI)开发了叫做ERIS的可靠性信息系统。它可以使用计算机进行合成系统的失误率以及可靠性的计算[4]。ERIS的客户端程序包括由两个中立程序组成，他们处于不同的硬件平