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段落较短段意段落越长越直5正确答一选不行就再再选未遂就放不要段落较短段意段落越长越直5正确答一选不行就再再选未遂就放不要纠缠第一回头排除也可四种造成阅读心理负担的长难句及攻克方However,atexactlythesametimeasthisnewrealizationthefinitecharacterofhealth-careresourceswassinkinganawarenessofacontrarykindwasdevelopinginsocieties:thatpeoplehaveabasicrighttohealth-carenecessaryconditionofaproperhuman长状语一般是由这些词引导而出含有长状语的句第一Inspite第二被插入语/括号/双破折号/双逗号隔开的句CountriesallacrosstheInspite第二被插入语/括号/双破折号/双逗号隔开的句Countriesallacrosstheworldareactivelypromotingtheirregions–suchasmountains,Arcticlands,deserts,smallislandswetlands–tohigh–spending第三种由多个短句共同构成的句Thesecondsetofmorespecificchangesthathaveledtohealth-resourcesstemsfromthedramaticriseinhealthcostsinOECDcountries,accompaniedbylarge-scaleandsocialchangeswhichhavemeant,takeonethefactexpensive)consumersofhealth-care剑桥p18第二Thesemisconceptionsdonotremainisolatedbutbecomeexpensive)consumersofhealth-care剑桥p18第二Thesemisconceptionsdonotremainisolatedbutbecomeintoamultifaceted,butorganized,conceptualframework,andthecomponentideas,someofwhichareerroneous,butto注意这些 the解决长难句的最好方法1.精翻每个长难2.学会查字查字典的时候应该刻意去词注意事动*及物还是不及第四:含有代词指代成分的句3.每天给自己一个小查做过的题3.每天给自己一个小查做过的题目中的尽量将单放入文本边查词边4.定期回顾复习动词的不规则固定动词搭记一个同义词一个反义名可数还是不可可数变化是否规形容感情色比较级和最高配套练习Youshouldspendabout20minuteson配套练习Youshouldspendabout20minutesonQuestions28-40whicharebasedonReadingPassage3onthefollowingpages.Questions28-ReadingPassage3hasfivesectionsA-ChoosethecorrectheadingforsectionsAandC-Efromthelistofheadingsbelow.Writethecorrectnumberi-viiiinboxes28-31onyouranswersheet.SectionSectionSectionSection Section Listof Theconnectionbetweenhealth-careandotherhumanrightsThedevelopmentofmarket-basedhealthTheroleofthestateinhealth- AproblemsharedbyeveryeconomicallydevelopedcountryTheimpactofrecentTheviewsofthemedicalTheendofanSustainableeconomicSectionTheproblemofSectionTheproblemofhowhealth-careresourcesshouldbeallocatedorapportioned,sotheyaredistributedinboththemostjustandmostefficientway,isnotanewone.Everyhealthsysteminaneconomicallydevelopedsocietyisfacedwiththeneedtodecide(eitherformallyorinformally)whatproportionofthecommunity’stotalresourcesshouldbespentonhealth-care;howresourcesaretobeapportioned;whatdiseasesanddisabilitiesandwhichformsoftreatmentaretobegivenpriority;whichmembersofthecommunityaretobegivenspecialconsiderationinrespectoftheirhealthneeds;andwhichformsoftreatmentarethemostcost-effective.SectionWhatisnewisthat,fromthe1950sonwards,therehavebeencertaingeneralchangesinoutlookaboutthefinitudeofresourcesasawholeandofhealth-careresourcesinparticular,aswellasmorespecificchangesregardingtheclienteleofhealth-careresourcesandthecosttothecommunityofthoseresources.Thus,inthe1950sand1960s,thereemergedanawarenessinWesternsocietiesthatresourcesfortheprovi-sionoffossilfuelenergywerefiniteandexhaustibleandthatthecapacityofnatureortheenvironmenttosustaineconomicdevelopmentandpopulationwasalsofinite.Inotherwords,webecameawareoftheobviousfactthattherewere‘limitstogrowth’.Thenewconsciousnessthattherewerealsoseverelimitstohealth-careresourceswaspartofthisgeneralrevelationoftheobvious.Lookingback,itnowseemsquiteincrediblethatinthenationalhealthsystemsthatemergedinmanycoun-triesintheyearsimmediatelyafterthe1939-45WorldWar,itwasassumedwithoutquestionthatallthebasichealthneedsofanycommunitycouldbeinprinciple;the‘invisiblehand’ofeconomicprogresswouldatSectionHowever,atexactlythesametimeasthisnewrealisationofthefinitecharacterofhealth-careresourceswassinkingin,anawarenessofacontrarykindwasdevelopinginWesternsocieties:thatpeoplehaveabasicrighttohealth-careasnecessarycon-ditionofaproperhumanlife.Likeeducation,politicalandlegalprocessesandinsti-tutions,publicorder,communication,transportandmoneysupply,health-carecametobeseenasoneofthefundamentalsocialfacilitiesnecessaryforpeopletoexercisetheirotherrightsasautonomoushumanbeings.Peoplearenotinapositiontocisepersonallibertyandtobeself-determiningiftheyarepoverty-stricken,ordeprivedofbasiceducation,ordonotlivewithinacontextoflawandorder.In112sameway,basichealth-careisaconditionoftheexerciseofSectionAlthoughthelanguageof‘rights’sometimesleadstoconfusion,bythelate1970sitwasrecognisedinmostsocietiesthatpeoplehavearighttohealth-care(thoughtherehasbeenconsiderableresistanceintheUnitedStatestotheideathatthereisaformalrighttohealth-care).Itisalsoacceptedthatthisrightgeneratesanobligationordutyforthestatetoensurethatadequatehealth-careresourcesareprovidedoutofthepublicpurse.Thestatehasnoobligationtoprovideahealth-caresystemitself,buttoensurethatsuchasystemisprovided.Putanotherway,basichealth-careisnowrecog-nisedasa‘publicgood’,ratherthana‘privategood’thatoneisexpectedtobuyforoneself.Asthe1976declarationoftheWorldHealthOrganisationputit:‘Theenjoy-mentofthehighestattainablestandardofhealthisoneofthefundamentalrightsofeveryhumanbeingwithoutdistinctionofrace,religion,politicalbelief,economicorsocialcondition.’Ashasjustbeenremarked,inaliberalsocietybasichealthisseenasoneoftheindispensableconditionsfortheexerciseofpersonalautonomy.SectionJustatthetimewhenitbecameobviousthathealth-careresourcescouldnotpossi-blymeetthedemandsbeingmadeuponthem,peopleweredemandingthattheirfun-damentalrighttohealth-carebesatisfiedbythestate.Thesecondsetofmorespecificchangesthathaveledtothepresentconcernaboutthedistributionofhealth-careresourcesstemsfromthedramaticriseinhealthcostsinmostOECD1countries,accompaniedbylarge-scaledemographicandsocialchangeswhichhavemeant,totakeoneexample,thatelderlypeoplearenowmajor(andrelativelyveryexpensive)consumersofhealth-careresources.ThusinOECDcountriesasawhole,healthcostsincreasedfrom3.8%ofGDP2IN1960TO7%of

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