选修7 Unit 20 课下主题训练 科技发展与信息技术创新科学精神信息安全

PAGE第11页共11页课下主题训练科技发展与信息技术创新，科学精神，信息安全课时练(一)一、主题语基拓展练(一)主题词汇盘查(已会词汇，在□内打“√”；欠熟练词汇，多翻阅识记)①biotechnology □ ②transplant □③clone □ ④technology □⑤digital □ ⑥artificial □⑦intelligence □ ⑧innovative □⑨scientific □ ⑩radiation □⑪sustainable □ ⑫invention □⑬astronomy □ ⑭astronaut □⑮database □ ⑯instant □⑰value □ ⑱communicate □⑲announce □ ⑳convenient □(二)主题词汇训练Ⅰ.单句语法填空1．Theywereaccusedofabusingtheirpowertokeeppricesartificially(artificial)high.2．Itisthesuperiorintelligence(intelligent)andtheuseoflanguagethatdistinguishmanfromtheotheranimals.3．Itisourgovernment'sstrategytomaintainthesustainable(sustain)developmentofsociety.4．TherearecertainfactorsImusttakeintoaccountonmynewinvention(invent)．5．Theyhelpusunderstandsciencesubjectsbetterandarouseourcuriosityaboutscientific(science)discoveries.6．Hewasoneofthemostcreativeandinnovative(innovate)engineersofhisgeneration.7．Technological(technology)developmentistoprovidehumanswithalifeofhighqualityinsteadofreplacinghumanbeings.Ⅱ.写出下列句中加蓝词的汉语意思1．Onbalance,biotechnologyshouldbegoodnewsfordevelopingcountries.生物技术2．Hewasrecoveringfromahearttransplantoperation.移植3．Somepeoplebelievedthatclonetechnologyisanefficientwayofprotectingendangeredspecies.克隆4．Thehappiestteensuseddigitalmediaalittlelessthananhourperday.数字5．Theysufferfromhealthproblemsandfearthelongtermeffectsofradiation.辐射6．Hewantstoputtheminadatabasesothathecanusethem.数据库7．WangYapinghasbecomethesecondChinesewomanastronauttoworkinspace.宇航员8．Althoughitwasagreathobbyforher,shewantedtostudyastronomyasacareer.天文学Ⅲ.用本单元词汇替换加蓝单词1．It'sdifficulttovaluetheeffectsofthesechanges.assess2．Youcan'tcommunicatewithyourmotherbecauseshedoesn'thaveacomputer.correspond3．Heannouncedthathewouldnotrunforasecondtermaspresident.declared二、主题语篇押题练Ⅰ.阅读理解ZhangZhixiaissittinginablackmetalchairwithherreadingglasseson.Sheisbackinclassafterleavingschoolalmostfivedecadesago.The62­year­oldformerkindergartenteacherisallears.SheisdeterminednottobeleftbehindbyChina'stechnologyrevolutionandlearningwithgreatattention.InZhang'slifetime,Chinahasbecomeoneoftheworld'slargesteconomies,withapopulationthathas,foralargepart,experiencedtherapidpaceoftechnologicalchange.Therearealready890millionusersofmobilephonepaymentappsacrossChina,forexample.InurbanChina,manypeoplehavegonealmostcompletelycashless,atafasterpacethanmanymoreadvancedeconomies.Everythingfromcoffeestocarscanbepurchasedwithasimpletaponthemobilescreen.Butthathasleftsomeelderlypeoplefeelingleftbehind.Everyweek,Zhangattends“cellphoneclasses”runbyavolunteergroup,SeeYoung,inPanzhuang,innorthwesternBeijing.“I'msoeagertolearn，”Zhangsays.“Isignedupfortheclassimmediatelyandcamewithmyphonechargedtoitsfullest.”WhileZhanghasmadebigprogressinmasteringherphone,shesaysshestillpaysherhospitalbillswithnotes.“I'msojealousofotherpeople.TheypaywithasimplescanbutIneedtocountmynotesbyhandonebyone，”shesays.AsurbanlifeinChinaincreasinglyincludesdigitallife,thewayoflivingZhangknewfordecades—shoppinginstores,queuinginbanks—isfadingfast.“Thepopularityofnewdigitaltoolshasagreateffectonthelifeoftheelderly，”saysLuJiehua,aprofessoratPekingUniversity.Lusaysthatgroupissometimesreferredtoas“digitalrefugees”.Lusaysthatwhilenewtechnologiesaretryingmakelifemoreconvenientforpeopleithasmadethingsharderforsomeoldercitizens.语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。中国科技的飞速发展，特别是手机支付的普及，让人们的生活越来越便利，但是有些老人跟不上技术的发展，他们不会使用这便捷的支付方式，被称为“数字难民”。为了改变这种现状，有些老人开始了积极的学习。1．WhyisZhangZhixiabackinclass?A．Sheiseagertoreadmorebooks.B．Sheintendstomakemorefriends.C．Shewantstostarthercareeragain.D．Shedesirestokeepupwithtechnology.解析：选D细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句可知，她去学习就是为了让自己跟上新科技的步伐。2．WhatcanwelearnfromParagraph2?A．Peoplelivingincitiesliketopayincash.B．Digitallifehasalargenumberofdisadvantages.C．Chinahasexperiencedbigtechnologicalchanges.D．Itishardforoldercitizenstoacceptsmartphones.解析：选C推理判断题。根据第二段第一句可知，中国经历了科技的飞速发展。3．WhatdoesZhangthinkofdigitalpayment?A．Complex. B．Convenient.C．Safe. D．Limited.解析：选B推理判断题。根据第三段倒数第一、二句可知，她认为电子支付很方便。Ⅱ.完形填空Everyonegoesthroughsomeformofchange.Goingthroughchangecanteachusaboutour__1__.Inordertomoveoninlifewemust__2__change.Weeitheracceptitor__3__it.Ihavechosentotakeitonwitha__4__.Beforeenteringjuniorhighschool,Ithought__5__wouldbethesameasthingsinmyprimaryschool.AndthenIbegantorealizethatwasn't__6__—notonlywastheremoreworkbuttherewere__7__friends.Thatalsomeantmyoldgroupoffriendsstartedtosplitup.Asmonthswentby,IrealizedIshould__8__thefactthatwewereallgoingthroughabigchangeandthatitwasokaytogrow__9__.Ihavealsolearnedweshouldnever__10__ourselvesforsomeonebutratherforourselves.ItisimportantformetobehappyandIshouldn'thavetochangemyselfonlyto__11__someoneelse.Recently,Ihavebeenabletorealizethatnoteveryonewill__12__meorwhatIdoorwhatIwear,andthat'sokay.Ibelieveinchangebutonlyif__13__fromthatpersonisputintoit.Ifsomeonedoesn'ttrytochange,thenIbelievehewon't__14__hisgoalandthathecouldpossibly__15__thepersonorthingheloves.Inoticedthis__16__afriendofmine.She__17__sayingshewasgoingtochange,butsheputnoeffortintoitandbecauseofthisshelostmanyclosefriends.Aswegetolder,itbecomeseasiertotrynewthingsandmeetnewpeople.Our__18__nolongeraffectjustourselvesbutourfamilyandfriendsaswell.Lifeisbasedonmakingdecisions,someofthem__19__，andsomeofthembad.It'sthesedecisionsthatmakeuswhoweare.Mostpeopleare__20__ofchange,butIchoosetoacceptitgladly.语篇解读：本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章主要讲述了每个人的一生中都会面对很多改变，很多人对此感到不安与害怕，而作者却选择微笑面对改变。1．A.process B．successC．school D．life解析：选D根据本空后的“Inordertomoveoninlife”以及下文内容可知，经历改变可以教会我们关于生活的(life)知识。2．A.bringabout B．believeinC．adaptto D．thinkup解析：选C为了在人生中前行，我们必须适应(adaptto)改变。3．A.welcome B．admitC．make D．fight解析：选D此处与本空前的“acceptit”形成对比。我们要么接受改变，要么与之抗争(fight)。4．A.smile B．purposeC．dream D．question解析：选A根据下文内容，尤其是最后一段中的“Ichoosetoacceptitgladly”可知，作者选择微笑(smile)面对改变。5．A.nothing B．everythingC．someone D．everyone解析：选B作者曾以为上初中后，一切事情(everything)和小学时应该是一样的。6．A.surprising B．trueC．perfect D．important解析：选B然而一开学，作者就意识到这不是真的(true)。7．A.new B．closeC．real D．personal解析：选A根据本空后的“myoldgroupoffriends”可知，上了初中后，作者有了更多的课业，也有了新(new)朋友。8．A.examine B．proveC．accept D．explain解析：选C几个月后，作者意识到自己应该接受(accept)现实：我们都在经历巨大的变化，分开(apart)也是可行的。9．A.fast B．apartC．well D．steadily解析：选B参考上题解析。10．A.hurt B．limitC．blame D．change解析：选D根据下文内容可知，作者也认识到绝不应为了别人而改变(change)自己，而应该为自己而改变。下文中“Ishouldn'thavetochangemyself”也是提示。11．A.please B．serveC．imitate D．respect解析：选A根据本空前的“Itisimportantformetobehappy”可知，不能只是为了取悦(please)他人而改变自己。12．A.remember B．accompanyC．refuse D．appreciate解析：选D作者认为自己快乐也很重要，因此就算别人不欣赏(appreciate)自己，或是自己做的事，或是自己的穿着，也没关系。13．A.wealth B．supportC．effort D．care解析：选C根据下文的“sheputnoeffortintoit”可知，此处指的是付出的努力(effort)。14．A.achieve B．shareC．set D．understand解析：选A根据下文的“shelostmanyclosefriends”可知，如果有人不努力改变，就不会达到(achieve)自己目标，也可能会失去(lose)自己爱的人或东西。15．A.hate B．forgetC．lose D．trust解析：选C参考上题解析。16．A.beganwith B．happenedtoC．appealedto D．stayedwith解析：选B根据下文描述的该朋友的遭遇可知，此处指作者注意到这样的例子发生在(happenedto)她的一位朋友身上。17．A.avoided B．dislikedC．considered D．kept解析：选D她不断地说自己会改变，但是却不为之付出努力，因此她失去了许多亲密的朋友。keepdoingsth.“一直做，不断地做”。18．A.experiences B．reactionsC．decisions D．attitudes解析：选C根据下文的“thesedecisions”可知，我们的决定不再只影响我们自己，也影响着我们的家人和朋友。19．A.good B．clearC．big D．firm解析：选A根据空后“andsomeofthembad”可知，空处与bad形成对比，故good符合题意。20．A.aware B．afraidC．tired D．ashamed解析：选B此处与空格后的“Ichoosetoacceptitgladly”形成对比，大多数人害怕改变，但是作者选择欣然接受它。afraidof“害怕”。课时练(二)一、主题语基拓展练(一)主题词汇盘查(已会词汇，在□内打“√”；欠熟练词汇，多翻阅识记)①download □ ②update □③technical □ ④phenomenon □⑤simplify □ ⑥exploration □⑦analysis □ ⑧solve □⑨automatic □ ⑩engineer □⑪software □ ⑫successful □⑬spacecraft □ ⑭programmer □⑮research □ ⑯upload □⑰surf □ ⑱achievement □⑲access □ ⑳click □(二)主题词汇训练Ⅰ.选词填空(有两词多余)spacecraft，software，update，download，solve，engineer，research，surf，achievement，click1．Ignoringthedifferencebetweenthetworesearchfindingswillbeoneoftheworstmistakesyoumake.2．IopentheAmazonMusicStoreanddownloadsomeromantictunesfortonight.3．Hewasbackintheoffice,updatingtheworkscheduleonthecomputer.4．OnhiswaybacktotheEarth,thespacecraftwasoutofcontrol.5．It'ssafetoassumethattherewillalwaysbeademandfornewsoftware.6．NooneknowshowmanypeoplecurrentlysurftheNet.7．Iclickedonalinkandrecentreviewsoftheproductioncameup.8．Thiswon'tsolvetheproblembutit'sastepintherightdirection.Ⅱ.单句语法填空1．Thispapersharessomeofourexperienceduringourexploration(explore)．2．Trytosimplify(simple)yourexplanationtothestudentstohelpthemunderstandbetter.3．Inawayourprogrammer(program)islikeourcoach.4．Iamlookingforwardtoalongandsuccessful(success)partnershipwithhim.5．Itmaytakealongtimetofindasolution(solve)totheproblem.6．Theengineer(engine)andhispartnersheldfrequentmeetingsconcerningtechnicalproblems.7．Weagreedwithhisacuteanalysis(analyze)ofthepoliticalsituation.8．Hegavemesomeexplanationsofthesespacephenomena(phenomenon)．9．Tothesurpriseofthelittleboy,thedooropenedautomatically(automatic)asheapproached.10．Technical(technology)progresswouldputourfirminpossessionofthehomemarket.二、主题语篇押题练Ⅰ.阅读理解Iwasbackingmywife'scaroutofourdrivewaywhenIrealizedIwasn'twatchingthebackupcamera,norwasIlookingoutoftherearwindow(后窗).Iwasonlylisteningforthosehigh­pitchedbeepsthatmycarproducedasIapproachedanobject.Theproblemwasthatmywife'scar,anoldermodel,didn'toffersuchbeeps.IhadbecomesodependentonthistechnologythatIstoppedpayingattention,aproblemwithpotentiallydangerousresults.Thepercentageofnewcarssoldwithbackupcamerasdoubled,butthebackupdeathratedeclinedbylessthanathirdwhilebackupinjuriesdroppedonly8percent.Perhapsonereasonis,asareportputsit,“Manydriversarenotawareofthelimitations”ofthetechnology.Thereportalsofoundthatoneinfivedriverswerejustlikeme—theyhadbecomesodependentonthebackupaidsthattheyexperiencedacrashornearmisswhiledrivingothervehicles.Thefactthatourbrainssoeasilygivethistasktotechnologymakesmeworryaboutthetechindustry'saspirations(抱负)—everythingisfullyautonomous.Couldtechnologydesignedtosaveusfromourlapsesinattentionactuallymakeusevenlessattentive?Uber'smarchtowardaself­drivingcarhitamajorspeedbump(缓速块)lastyear,whenoneofitsself­drivingcarsstruckandkilledawalker.Whilealotoffocuswasonhowavehiclewithcamerasandradarsensorscouldcompletelymissahumanbeingontheroad,lesshasbeensaidaboutthefailureofthemostcomplexlyprogrammedsysteminthevehicle—thebrainofthehumaninthedriver'sseat.WhenIboughtthatfirstfive­speedBMW,mydadremindedmeaboutsafety,thinkingthatdrivingastickwouldbelesssafe.Hewaswrong.Thoughresearchonthesafetyofmanualtransmissions(手动变速)isslight,onestudyonthedrivingperformanceofteenageboysshowedthatcarswithmanualtransmissionsresultedinsafer,moreattentivedrivingthanautomatics.Thissuggeststhatthecureforourattentionproblemmightbelesstechnology,notmore.语篇解读：本文是一篇议论文。作者通过自己倒车的例子来说明现代技术是为了给人们开车带来便利，却造成了人们注意力的缺失，导致了事故的发生。1．Whatisreflectedinthewriter'sexperienceofbackingup?A．Driversignorepotentialdangers.B．Driversaretoocarelessindriving.C．Driversshouldquitoldmodelcars.D．Driversdependontechnologyheavily.解析：选D细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句可知，通过举自己倒车的例子，作者认为现在的人们过度依赖科学技术。2．Theunderlinedword“lapses”canbereplacedby“______”．A．shortcomings B．disordersC．needs D．mistakes解析：选D词义猜测题。根据第四段画线词前面的“technologydesignedtosaveusfrom...”可知，现代驾驶技术本来是为了防止人们开车时候的疏忽，结果却造成了人们注意力缺失，故lapse意为“疏忽”。故选D。3．WhatshouldbefocusedoninUber'scaraccidentaccordingtothewriter?A．Thefailureofradarsensors.B．Thelimitationsoftechnology.C．Thefaultofthehumandriver.D．Thecarelessnessofthewalker.解析：选C细节理解题。根据第五段最后一句“thebrainofthehumaninthedriver'sseat”可知，作者认为人们在关注这次自动驾驶汽车车祸中忽视了驾驶人的问题。4．Whatdoesthewriterwanttosayinthelastparagraph?A．Moreresearchoncarsneedstobedone.B．Stick­shiftcarsaresaferthanautomatics.C．Teenagerstendtodrivecarswithcaution.D．Driverlesscarsshouldbeofficiallybanned.解析：选B推理判断题。根据最后一段的内容可知，作者认为开手动挡的汽车比自动挡更安全。为了让人们开车时注意力集中，也许不应该通过使用更多的技术，而是用更少的技术，故选B。Ⅱ.阅读七选五(2021·北京一零一中学月考)Todayitiscommontoseepeoplewhowalkaboutwithcoloredwireshangingfromtheirearswherevertheygo.Theymoveaboutintheirpersonalbubbles,sometimesunawareofwhat'shappeningaroundthem.__1__Outsidelifeisshutout.Soareyouoneof“them”？Forme,walkingaroundinmyownpersonalbubbleisperfect.__2__What'sevenbetter,wearingearphonesseemstogiveasignaltopeoplewhichsays,“I'mnotavailableforchattingatthemoment！”Suppose,you'reatworkandabouttomakeanincrediblebreakthrough,butacolleaguesuddenlyturnsup.Atthisprecisemoment,theslightestdisturbancewouldbreakyourconcentration.__3__Onceagain,thosewireshangingfromyourearswouldbesuretogivethat“Goaway！”signal.__4__It'sprobablypartofthegrowingupstagewhentheyjustwanttoignoretheirwholefamily.Whiletheirmothersgivethemlecturesaboutwhytheyshoulddotheirhomework,theycanjustturnupthevolumeontheirMP3player,smile,andsay“Yes,Mum.”Problemsolved.Prettysoon,notonlywillwehaveprettycoloredwireshangingfromourears—butalsoourbrainswillbedirectlypluggedintosomenewhigh­techinstruments.We'llbeinavirtual(虚拟的)world,communicatingwitheveryoneelse,orchoosingnotto,aswelike.Inthisworld,wewillallbepermanentlypluggedin.__5__Andtheyarechangingoursocialhabitsalongtheway.Intheend,thereisathinlinebetweenusingtechnologyasatoolformakinglifebetterandbeingaslavetoit!It'ssostrange—suddenly,Idon'tfeellikewearingmyearphonesanymore.A．Ourinstrumentsarechangingquickly.B．Ialsohavewireshangingfrommyears.C．Inthehomesituation,teenagerslovethesewires.D．Idon'thavetodealwiththenoisefromtheenvironment.E．Afterall,Iamlisteningtomyfavoritemusicandwouldrathernotbedisturbed.F．Listeningtomusicthroughearphonesistheperfectwaytoignoresuchinterruptions.G．Theywalkaroundintheirownspaces,withtheirpersonal“digitalnoisereductionsystems”．语篇解读：