【初高中衔接】专题09 名词性从句

2022年初升高英语无忧衔接（通用版）专题09名词性从句名词性从句在功能上相当于名词,在复合句中能充当主语、宾语、表语、同位语等。主语

{Hisnovelisimportant.Whathewritesisimportant.表语Thisishisnovel.Thisiswhathewriteseveryday.

{宾语Idon’tlikehisnovel.Idon’tlikewhathedoeseveryday.同位语Idon’tknowabouttheman,Mr.White.Idon’tknowaboutthefact

thatheisaclerk.指出下列各名词性从句的种类。1.Theweathermanreportedthatthemistwouldbecomeathickfogintheafternoon.2.Shewonderedifthetellermachincewouldstillberunning.3.Thetruthisthatthefogistoothickforthebustorunthatfar.4.Shesensedthatshewasdoingsomethingwrong.5.

Whenwewillstartisnotclear.6.

Ihadnoideathatyouweregoodatskating.宾语从句宾语从句表语从句宾语从句主语从句同位语从句

Iknowhim.2.Iknowwhoheis.主语谓语宾语（简单句）主语谓语宾语从句连词从句主语从句谓语

主句（复合句）句子做宾语就是宾语从句，跟在及物动词或介词后句子结构：主句+连词（引导词）+宾语从句。ObjectClauses

宾语从句一、宾语从句引导词

引导词

句子类型that陈述句一般疑问句if/whether(是否)特殊疑问词特殊疑问句

一、连词（引导词）

1.当宾语从句是陈述句时（包括肯定句和否定句），连词由that引导，因为that在从句中不作任何成分，也没有任何具体意思，因此在口语或非正式文体中常省略。Theplayerfeels(that)hisownteamisevenbetter.

Shesays(that)shewon’tgiveupherplan.Jimthought(that)thepartywasfun.

宾语从句中的连接词that在以下三种情况下不能省略：（1）当that从句与另一名词性从句并列作宾语时，第二个that不能省；（2）当that从句作介词宾语时，that不可省掉。（3）用it做形式宾语的宾语从句。Everyoneknewwhathappenedand

thatshewasworried.Iknownothingabouthimexceptthatheisfromthesouth.IthinkitnecessarythatyoushouldreadEnglishaloud.在主句为动词be加某些形容词（如sorry,sure,afraid,glad等）作表语时，后面所跟的省略that的从句也可算是宾语从句。I’msorry

(that)

Idon’tknow.We’resure

(that)

ourteamwillwin.I’mafraid

(that)

hewon’tpasstheexam.2.当宾语从句是一般疑问句时，由连词whether或if引导，“是否”，不能省略。Lilywantedtoknow

if/whether

hergrandmalikedthehandbag.Let’ssee

if/whether

wecanfindoutsomeinformationaboutthatcity.Sheaskedme

if/whether

shecouldborrowthesebooks.1).whether和if都可以引导宾语从句a.当有ornot时就用whether,不用if.Idon’tknowwhetherornotIwillgototheparty.b.介词后面的宾语从句不能用if.

IworryaboutwhetherIcanpasstheexam.c.whether也可与动词不定式连用但if不能。Ihavenotdecidedwhethertogoornot.

d）whether常与or连用表示一种选择，if不能这样用Thequestionofwhethertheyareoldoryoungisnotimportant.whether和if的使用区别:即学即练if/whether

1.Iaskedher____________shehadabike.

2.We’reworriedabout_________heissafe.

3.Idon’tknow_________heiswellornot.

4.Idon’tknow________ornotheiswell.

5.Idon’tknow__________Ishouldgo.

if/whetherwhetherwhetherwhetherwhether/if_______togo.whether3.当宾语从句是特殊疑问句时，由疑问词（what,who,whom,which,whose

when,where,how,why等）引导，因为疑问词在从句中担任一定的句子成分，具有一定的意义，所以不可以省略。Doyouknowwhathesaidjustnow?Idon’trememberwhenwearrived.IaskedhimwhereIcouldgetsomuchmoney.Pleasetellmewho\whomwehavetosee.Doyouknowwhattimetheplaneleaves?Idon’tknow______isyourbrother.Isthemanindarkglasses?Idon’tknow_______oftheboysisyourbrother.Idon’tknow_______goodtheywilldo.I’mworriedabout_______hewillsoongetwell.Iwanttoknow_________shehasgoneshopping.Wewondered_________thatwasaspyornot.whowhichwhatwhetherwhether/ifwhetherTheyhavedecided_____theywillleaveforNewYork.ThatisnextSunday.Wedon’tknow_______theydidn’tfinishthejobintime.Motherwaspleased______herdaughterhadpassedthecollegeexams.MadamCuriediscovered______shecalledradium.Wouldyoumindtellingme_______languageyourfriendspeaks?Wouldyoumindtellingme_______languageyourfriendspeaks,EnglishorFrench?whenwhythatwhatwhatwhich二、时态1.如果主句是现在的时态（包括一般现在时，现在进行时，现在完成时），从句的时态可根据实际情况而定，（包括一般现在时，一般过去时，一般将来时，现在完成时等）。Iknowheliveshere.Iknowhelivedheretenyearsago.Ihaveheardthathewillcometomorrow.2.如果主句是过去的时态（包括一般过去时，过去进行时），那么从句的时态一定要用相对应的过去的某种时态（包括一般过去时，过去进行时，过去将来时，过去完成时）Iknewwholivedhere.Isawshewastalkingwithhermother.Heaskedwhetherhisfatherwouldcomebacktomorrow.Hesaidthathehadseenit.3.当从句是客观真理，定义，公理，定理时用一般现在时。Theteachersaidthattheearthtravelsaroundthesun.三、语序宾语从句的语序用陈述语序：连接词+主语+谓语+其他成分。Idon’tknowwhatisthematter\thetrouble\wrongwithhim.1.Whenwillhegotothelibrary?Hisbrotheraskswhenhewillgotothelibrary.Hisbrotheraskswhenwillhegotothelibrary.

2.Whatdoeshewanttobuy?Idon’tknowwhathewantstobuy.Idon’tknowwhatdoeshewanttobuy.四.宾语从句的否定转移当主句谓语动词是think,believe,suppose,expect等词，而宾语从句的意思是否定时，常把否定前移至主句表示。Idon’tthinkyouareright.Idon’tthinkitisrightforhimtotreatyoulikethat.Idon’tbelievethatmaniskilledbyJim,____________?IexpectourEnglishteacherwillbebackthisweekend,___________?Wesupposeyouhavefinishedtheproject,___________?ishe?won'tshe/he

haven'tyou当主句的主语是第二、三人称时，其反义疑问句一般与主句保持一致。1.Yoursistersupposessheneedsnohelp,_________?2.Youthoughttheycouldhavecompletedtheproject,___________?3.Theydon'tbelieveshe'sanengineer,___________?4.Shedoesn'texpectthatwearecomingsosoon,__________?doesn'tshe

didn'tyoudotheydoesshe1.

Theyoungmanasked_____it'ssummerorwinter.A.eitherB.thatC.weatherD.whether2.

Wedon'tknow______theydidit.A.howB.whoC.whatD.which3.Theteacherasksus____Jimcancomebackontime.A.thatB.ifC.whenD.whattime

4.Doesanybodyknow______wewillhaveasportsmeetingthisweekendornot.A.ifB.whereC.whetherD.thatDABC5.Couldyoushowme________?A.howcanIgettothestationB.whereisthestationC.howIcouldgettothestationD.howIcanreachthestation6.Pleasetellme_______.A.whatdoeshelikeB.whathedoeslikeC.whathelikesD.whathelike7.Mysistertoldhim________.A.whatdaywasitB.whenthetrainarrivedC.whoshewaswaitingD.wheredidyouliveCBD8.Someoneisringingthedoorbell.Goandsee_______.A.whoisheB.whoheisC.whoisitD.whoitis9.Couldyoutellmehowlong__________?A.youhaveboughtthewatchB.youhavekeptthissciencebookC.haveyoubeenawayfromChinaD.haveyoubeenamemberofGreenerChina10.Hesaysthatifit_______tomorrow,he_______fishing.A.willrain,won'tgoB.rained,wasn'tgoC.rains,won'tgoD.rain,willgoBCD表语从句是在复合句中作表语的名词性从句,放在系动词之后,一般结构是“主语+系动词+表语从句”。可以接表语从句的系动词有be,look,remain,seemPredicativeClauses

表语从句连接词：

that/whether/asif/asthough

（if不引导表语从句)

who/whom/whose/which/what

when/where/why/how/becauseThequestioniswhether

wecanrelyon

him.That’sbecausewewereinneedofmoneyat

thattime.Helookedasif

hewasgoingtocry.That’swhyIwaslate.在表语从句中，表“是否”时，只能用“whether”不能用“if”。一般情况下，“that”不能省。

Itis/wasbecause….Itis/waswhy….3.Thereason(why…/for…)is/wasthat….4Thereasonisbecause/why…that….1.That’s___thePartycalledonustodo.A.whyB.whatC.howD.that2.Thereasonis___heisunabletooperatethemachine.A.becauseB.whyC.thatD.Whether3.Thatis___theyseparated.A.thatB.whatC.whichD.where4.Janeisnolonger___shewasfouryearsago.A.whatB.whichC.thatD.when主语从句：从句在句中充当主语成分。1)

Thathewillsucceediscertain.2)

Whetherhewillgothereisnotknown.3)Whathesaidisnottrue.4)

Wherehehidthemoneyistobefoundout.5)

Whoevercomesiswelcome.6)It’scertainthathewillsucceed.7)

Howwecanhelpthetwins

willbediscussedatthemeeting.8)Whenthey’llstarttheproject

hasnotbeendecidedyet.SubjectClauses

主语从句一.由that

引导that无意义,后接一个完整的句子.that不可省。1.Thatweshallbelateiscertain.2.________________________isknowntoall.(地球是圆的)3.________________________isapity.

(你错过了这次机会)

ThattheearthisroundThatyoumissedthechance二whether“if”不能引导主语从句三.疑问词引导词Summary

注意一:主语从句后置!为了避免主语冗长,句子头重脚轻,经常用it作形式主语,主语从句放在后面作真正的主语.Thatweshallbelateiscertain.--It’scertainthatweshallbelate.1.Thattheearthisroundisknowntoall.--2.Thatyoumissedthechanceisapity.--

由连词whether,连接代词what,who,which和连接副词when,where,why,how等引导,也常常后置:

Itisapitythatyoumissedthechance.It’sknowntoallthattheearthisround.It

的用法：（形式主语）

It’possible/important/necessary/clear…that……很可能/重要的是…/必要的是…/很清楚…It’ssaid/reported…that..据说/据报道…It’sbeenannounced/declaredthat..已经通知/宣布…Itseems/appears/happens..that…

显然、明显、碰巧..It’snowonderthat…并不奇怪/无疑…It’sapity/afact/acommonknowledge(众所周知/acommonsaying….（俗话说）注意二注意：主语从句中，谓语动词一般用单数what引导的主语从句，可根据表语决定Whatheneeds__thatbook.Whatheneeds__somebooks.isare

what引导名词性从句时在从句中充当句子成分,如主语,宾语,表语,而that则不然,它在句子中只起连接作用。例如：(1)Whatyousaidyesterdayisright.(2)Thatsheisstillaliveisapuzzle.注意三：What与that引导主语从句

___hemadeanimportantspeechatthemeetingwastrue.

A.ThatB.WhyC.WhatD.How2.___we’llgocampingtomorrowdependsontheweather.AIfBWhetherCThatDWhere3.___isknowntousallisthatAmericaisadevelopedcountry____theFirstWorld.Which;belongtob.As,belongedtoc.What;belongingtod.It;belongingto4.It’sknowntousall___aformofenergy.A.waterisB.thatwateris

C.iswaterD.thatwaterto5.Itworriedherabit___herhairwasturninggray.A.whetherB.thatC.whatD.when6.WhatIsayandthink___noneofyourbusiness.A.isB.areC.hasDhave同位语从句

1.跟在某些名词后面，对该名词作进一步解释说明。常用名词有belief,fact,idea,hope,news,doubt,result,thought,information,opinion等。Suggestion,suggestorderdemandwish等2.常用连词：that;when,where,why,howe.g.1.消息传来，拿破仑要来视察他的军队。2.问题是他如何做这件事的。

WordcamethatNapoleonwouldcomeandinspecthisgrandarmy.

It’sthequestionhowhedidit.注意：1.同位语从句多用that引导，无意义不可省。2.在havenoidea之后常用wh-引导同位语从句。Ihavenoideawherehehasgone.Ihavenoideawhenhedidit.Ihavenoideawhathedid.1.TwothirdsofallgirlsinBritainareonadiet./Thefactworriestheirparentsandteachersalot.2.TheQueenofEnglandwasonathree-dayvisitinChina./Weheardthenewslastnight._____________________________________________________

Thefact

that

twothirdsofallgirlsareonadiet

worriestheirparentsandteachersalot._____________________________________________________________Weheardthenewslastnightthat

theQueenofEnglandwasonathree-dayvisitinChina.4.Timetravelispossible./Thereisnoscientificprooffortheidea.5.Chinesestudentsshouldbegivenmorefreetime./Thesuggestioniswelcomedbymanypeople,especiallykidsinschool.3.Teenagersshouldnotspendtoomuchtimeonline./ManyBritishparentsholdtheview.____________________________________________________ManyBritishparentsholdtheview

that

teenagersshouldn’tspendtoomuchtimeonline.____________________________Thereisnoscientificprooffortheidea

that

timetravelispossible.______________________________________________________Thesuggestion

that

Chinesestudentsshouldbegivenmorefreetimeiswelcomedbymanypeople,especiallykidsinschool.比较：1.Weexpressedthehopethattheyhadexpected.我们表达了他们曾经表达过的那种希望。2.WeexpressedthehopethattheywouldcometovisitChinaagain.我们希望他们再来中国访问。定语从句同位语从句区别that引导的同位语从句和定语从句：引导同位语的连词that在句中不作任何句子成分，而在定语从句中，that充当的可以是从句的主语或宾语等。同位语从句是对前面名词的内容的具体说明，而定语从句是对前面名词进行修饰，解释为“….的”连词that在同位语从句中不可省略,而在定语从句中当它充当宾语时可以省略。判断下列各句是同位语从句还是定语从句1.TheyexpressedthehopethattheywouldcometovisitChinaagain.2.

ThehopethatsheexpressedisthattheywouldcometovisitChinaagain.

3.Thefactthatsheworkshardiswellknowntousall.4.Ican'tstandtheterriblenoisethatsheiscryingloudly.同位语从句定语从句同位语从句同位语从句1.____madetheschoolproudwas____morethan90%ofthestudentshadbeenadmittedtokeyuniversities.AWhat/becauseBWhat/thatCThat/whatDThat/because2.___shecouldn’tunderstandwas___fewerandfewerstudentsshowedinterestinherlessons.AWhat/whyBThat/whatCWhat/becauseDWhy/thatBAB3.Heisabsentfromschool.Itis__heisseriouslyill.A.whyB.becauseC.thatD.thereason4___hashelpedtosavethedrowninggirlisworthpraising.AWhoBTheoneCAnyoneDWhoever5.Informationhasbeenputforward__moremiddleschoolgraduateswillbeadmittedintouniversities.AthatBhowCwhereDwhatDA6---IdrovetoZhuhaifortheairshowlastweek.---Isthat___youhadafewdaysoff?AwhyBwhenCwhatDwhere7

---Areyoustillthinkingaboutyesterday’sgame?

---Oh,that’s___.AwhatmakesmefeelexcitedBwhateverIfeelexcitedaboutChowIfeelaboutit

DwhenIfeelexcitedAA.__fashiondiffersfromcountrytocountrymayreflecttheculturaldifferencesfromoneaspect.AWhatBThatCThisDWhich10.Whenyouanswerquestionsinajobinterview,pleaserememberthegoldenrule:

Alwaysgivethemonkeyexactly__hewants.AwhatBwhichCwhenDthat11.Wemadethesuggestionthathe___hiswork.AcontinuesBcontinueCcontinuedDhadcontinuedBAB12.Therewillbeaspecialpricefor____buysthingsinlargenumberhere.A.whoB.whomC.whoeverD.Whomever13.Marywroteanarticleon____theteamhadfailedtowinthegame.whyB.whatC.whoD.that14.Thepooryoungmanisreadytoaccept__helphecanget.

A.whicheverB.howeverC.wh