上海市部分区2023-2024学年高三上学期期末考试（一模）英语试题汇编：语法填空（含解析）

PAGE上海市部分区2023-2024学年高三上学期期末考试（一模）英语试题分类汇编语法填空2024届上海市虹口区高三上学期一模英语试卷SectionADirections:Afterreadingthepassagebelow,fillintheblankstomakethepassagecoherentandgrammaticallycorrect.Fortheblankswithagivenword,fillineachblankwiththeproperformofthegivenword;fortheotherblanks,useonewordthatbestfitseachblank.YourCatMightNotBeIgnoringYouWhenYouSpeakEverycatownerhasastorytotellofbeingblankedbytheircat.Wecalltoourcat,itturnsaway,andsomeofusmightbeleft(21)(wonder)whywedidn'tgetadog.Butyourcatmaybelisteningafterall.Morethanthat,it(22)(care)morethanyoumaythink.AstudybyFrenchresearchers(23)(publish)lastmonthinthejournalAnimalCognitionfoundthatnotonlydocatsreacttowhatscientistscallcat-directedspeech—ahigh-pitched(高音的)voicesimilarto(24)wetalktobabies—theyreacttowhoisdoingthetalking."Wefoundthathearingtheirownersusingahigh-pitchedvoice,catsreactedmorethanwhenhearingtheirownerspeakingnormallytoanotherhumanadult,"saidCharlottedeMouzon,anauthorofthestudy."Butitactuallydidn'tworkwhenitcamefromastranger'svoice."(25)studiesinvolvingdogs,analyzingcatbehaviorisdifficult,whichispartofwhyhumansunderstandthemless.Catsarestressedbybeinginalab(26)meaningfulbehavioralobservationsbecomeimpossible.Andforgetabouttryingtogetacat(27)(sit)stillforanM.R.I.scan(核磁共振扫描)tostudyitsbrainfunction.Sotheresearchersforthelateststudywenttothecats'homesandplayedrecordingsofdifferenttypesofspeechanddifferentspeakers.Atfirst,therewasconcernfromDr.deMouzonandherteamforlackofreactionfromthecats,butuponanalysisofthefilmrecordings,delicatereactions(28)(notice)."Itcouldbejustmovinganearorturningtheheadtothespeakerorevenfreezingwhat(29)weredoing,”Dr.deMouzonsaid.Inthestudy,therewereafewcases(30)catswouldapproachthespeakerplayingavoiceandmeow."Intheend,wehadreallycleargainsinthecat'sattentionwhentheownerwasusingcat-directedspeech,”Dr.deMouzonsaid.2024届上海市崇明区高三上学期第一次模拟考试英语试卷SectionADirections:Afterreadingthepassagebelow,fillintheblankstomakethepassagecoherentandgrammaticallycorrect.Fortheblankswithagivenword,fillineachblankwiththeproperformofthegivenword;fortheotherblanks,useonewordthatbestfitseachblank.LifeMayActuallyFlashBeforeYourEyesonDeathNewdatafromascientific“accident”hassuggestedthatlifemayactuallyflashbeforeoureyesaswedie.Ateamofscientistssetouttomeasurethebrainwavesofan87-year-oldpatientwho(21)_____(develop)epilepsy(癫痫)formanyyears.Butduringtheneurological(神经学的)recording,hesufferedafatalheartattack,(22)_____(offer)anunexpectedrecordingofadyingbrain.Itrevealedthatinthe30secondsbeforeandafter,theman’sbrainwavesfollowedthesamepatternsasdreamingorrecallingmemories.Brainactivityofthissortcouldsuggestthatafinal“recalloflife”mayoccurinaperson’slastmoments,theteamwroteintheirstudy,(23)_____(publish)inFrontiersinAgingNeuroscienceonTuesday.DrAjmalZemmar,aco-authorofthestudy,saidthatwhattheteam,thenbasedinVancouver,Canada,accidentallygot,(24)_____(consider)thefirst-everrecordingofadyingbrain.Sowillwegetaglimpsebackatthosemoments(25)_____westayedwithlovedonesandotherhappymemories?DrZemmarsaiditwasimpossible(26)_____(tell).“IfIweretojumptothephilosophicalarea,Iwouldguessthatifthebraindidaflashback,itwouldprobablyliketoremindyouofgoodthings,ratherthanthebadthings,”hesaid.“But(27)_____ismemorablewouldbedifferentforeveryperson.”DrZemmar,nowaneurosurgeonattheUniversityofLouisville,saidinthe30seconds(28)_____thepatient’sheartstoppedsupplyingbloodtothebrain,hisbrainwavesfollowedthesamepatternsaswhenwecarryouthigh-cognitivedemanding(高认知要求的)tasks,likeconcentrating,dreamingorrecallingmemories.Itcontinued30secondsafterthepatient’sheartstoppedbeating.“Ithinkthere’s(29)_____mysteriousandspiritualaboutthiswholenear-deathexperience,”DrZemmarsaid.“Andfindingslikethis—it’samoment(30)_____scientistslivefor.”2024届上海市金山区高三上学期一模英语试题SectionADirections:Readthefollowingpassage.Fillintheblankstomakethepassagecoherent.Fortheblankswithagivenword,fillineachblankwiththeproperformofthegivenword.Fortheotherblanks,fillineachblankwithoneproperword.Makesurethatyouranswersaregrammaticallycorrect.What’sGoodAboutSocialNetworkDoyourememberwhensocialmediafeltgood?Whenfriendsgotreunitedyearsaftergraduation?Butthencameallthefakenews,targetedadvertising,andfearofleakingpersonalinformation...Youbeganquestioning21whyyouhadspentallthetimeonit.Thiswas22happenedtomany,includingme.ThoughsocialmediawasalwayssomethingIneeded,thelifewhenitwasneededforsheerentertainmenthasgone.Butoccasionally,I23(remind)howpowerfulatoolitalwaysis.Itremainsunparalleledinitsoriginal,uncommercializedmission24(serve)asaconnectorofpeopleandafacilitatoroffriendship.I’mthinkingaboutthisafterhavingjustreturnedfrombreakfastwithmyfriend,Rob.I25(notsee)himsinceIwas16.WefelloutoftouchbecausehelivedinScotlandwhileIlivedinLondon,twooppositeendsofthiscountry.ButlastmonthIranacrosssomethingwhenIwasbrowsingthroughFacebook.Itwasaphotoofalittlegirl26Ididn’tknow,winningfirstprizeinaschooltalentshow.Aphotounusually27(post)byRob,whichwashisfirstpostonFacebook,wastaggedwiththenameoftheschoolhisdaughterattended,whichwasnotinScotland,butjustfivemilesfrommyhouse.Wereitnotforsocialmedia,IwouldneverhaveknownthatRobhadmovedtomyneckofthewoods.Bothofuswereamazedathowincredibleitwasthatwe’dspentyearslivingsonear,shoppinginthesamegrocerystores,takingthesamecommuterbusesandgoingtothesamecinema,withoutever28(bump)intoeachother.Truthis,29wehad,I’mnotsureIwouldhaverecognizedhimwithouthisprofilepicture.So30alltheconsiderationsandcriticismsabouthowsocialmediadisturbsourlives,itisnicetoknowthatit’sstillworthpressingLike.Anyway,socialmediaisirreplaceabletous.2024届上海市奉贤区高三上学期一模英语试题SectionADirections:Afterreadingthepassagebelow,fillintheblankstomakethepassagecoherentandgrammaticallycorrect.Fortheblankswithagivenword,fillineachblankwiththeproperformofthegivenword;fortheotherblanks,useonewordthatbestfitseachblank.TheFirstSpaceCatInafewweeks,spacescientistswillcelebratearemarkableeventthe60thanniversaryofthelaunchofthefirstcatintospace,anastronauticalsuccessthathasneverbeenrepeated.Intheearly60s,dogsandmonkeysweretheanimalsusuallyusedbyscientiststofindoutexactly(21)dangeroustheconditionswereinouterspace.Andtheywerealsousedtoassessifhumans(22)survivetripsbeyondtheedgeofEarth'satmosphere.Atotalof14streetcats(23)(gather)atFrance'sspaceagencyforselectionascatastronauts,butthecatswerenotgivennamesonpurposeinordertopreventscientistsfrombecomingtoofondofthem.Thecatselectedtotraveltospacewassimplyknown(24)C341.C341flewonaFrenchrocketinOctober1963,takingittoaplace(25)nocathadgonebefore.Then,(26)thenewsofitsflightwasannouncedon18October1963,theFrenchpressdecidedthiscathadtohaveitsname.Theypicked“Felix”afteracartooncatcharacter,only(27)(discover)thatC341wasfemale,sohernamewasthenadjustedto“Felicette”asaresult.InputtingFelicetteinoneofitsrockets,Franceaddedanewspeciestothelistofanimalsthatscientists(28)(send)intospacebefore.Previously,twogardenspiders,AnitaandArebella,hadbeentakentotheSkylab(29)(orbit)aroundthemoon.“Inthe60s,(30)(concern)aboutthepossibledangerforahumantobeinouterspace,scientistsandengineersprimarilyundertookanimalspaceflightstoseeiftheysufferedortheirliveswerethreatenedbytheweightlessnessorincreasedradiationorothereffectstheymightexperienceupthere,”saidastronomerJakeFosterattheRoyalObservatoryGreenwich.“Thefactthattheydidnotfailpavedthewayforhumanstobeginjourneysintospace.”2024届上海市黄埔区高三上学期一模英语试题SectionADirections:Afterreadingthepassagebelow,fillintheblankstomakethepassagescoherentandgrammaticallycorrect.Fortheblankswithagivenword,fillineachblankwiththeproperformofthegivenword;fortheotherblanks,useonewordthatbestfitseachblank.ReconsideringtheStaycationI’vealwaysbeendoubtfulofthestaycation.Thenewly-inventedwordistoocutefor__21__feelslikeacomfort:WhileotherpeopleareoffexploringtheBlueLagoonbycampervan,yougettostayinyourveryownhomeandgotoyourusualsupermarket__22__cookies!So,Iamfascinatedtodiscover,thankstomycolleagueCatherinePearson,thatI__23__(understand)staycationinawrongway.Evidently,mytendency__24__(take)abreakwithoutaplanisunlikelytoproducearestorativeeffect.Instead,oneshouldmakegoodpreparationsforthatperiodoftime.JaimeKurtz,apsychologyprofessoratJamesMadisonUniversityandtheauthorof“TheHappyTraveler:UnpackingtheSecretsofBetterVacations,”advises__25__(ask)oneself,“IfIweremovingawaysoon,whatwouldImostwanttodo,andwhowouldImostwanttospendtimewith?”Ilikethissaying“Liveeverydayasifitwereyourlast.”Anyreminderthattimeisflyingisagoodone__26__itgetsyoutolivebetter.Thisweekend,youcould,forinstance,seekoutsomeveganicecream__27__doesn’ttasteterrible.Youcouldtryrunninginapool,whichiseasieronthejointsbutaseffectiveasrunningonland.Youcouldgoforawalkoradrivewhilelisteningto“SlowRadio,”averycomfortingBBCpodcast__28__(feature)soundsofthenaturalworld.Whetherornotyouhaveapropervacation__29__(plan)forthecomingweeks,youcouldenvisionanycomingweekendasitsowntwo-daymini-break,programmingitasyouwouldatriptosomewherenew,withajourney__30__(exciting)thanjust“sleepasmuchaspossible”and“mowthelawn”.答案：2024届上海市虹口区高三上学期一模英语试卷1．wondering2．cares3．published4．how5．Unlike6．sothat7．tosit8．werenoticed9．they10．where【导语】本文是说明文。文章介绍了研究表明猫并不想人们认为的那样会忽视主人的互动，猫不仅会对科学家所说的“猫导向语言”做出反应，而且它们还会对说话人予以回应。1．考查非谓语动词。句意：我们叫我们的猫，它转过身去，我们中的一些人可能会想，为什么我们没有养一只狗。分析句子可知，句子的谓语动词是mightbeleft，wonder为非谓语动词，与逻辑主语someofus是主动关系，故用现在分词形式，故填wondering。2．考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：不仅如此，它比你想象的更重要。描述一般事实用一般现在时，主语it是第三人称单数，谓语动词用单数，故填cares。3．考查非谓语动词。句意：上个月，法国研究员在《动物认知》杂志上发表的一项研究发现，猫不仅会对科学家所说的“猫导向语言”（类似我们如何与婴儿说话时常用的高音）做出反应，而且它们还会对说话人予以回应。分析句子可知，publish作定语，修饰study，二者之间是被动关系，故用过去分词形式，故填published。4．考查宾语从句。句意同上。空处引导宾语从句，作介词to的宾语，根据句意，此处用how作状语，修饰谓语动词talk，引导宾语从句，故填how。5．考查介词。句意：不像与狗有关的研究，分析猫的行为很困难，这也是人类对它们了解较少的部分原因。空后是名词，根据句意，用介词unlike“不像”，构成介宾短语作状语，故Unlike。6．考查状语从句。句意：猫待在实验室里通常会压力过大，结果有意义的行为研究成为不可能。根据句意，此处用sothat引导结果状语从句，故填sothat。7．考查非谓语动词。句意：别再想着让猫坐着不动，用核磁共振扫描来研究它的大脑功能了。getsb./sth.todosth.“让某人/物做某事”，用不定式作宾语补足语，根据句意，故填tosit。8．考查时态语态。句意：一开始，deMouzon博士和她的团队担心猫没有反应，但在对录像进行分析后，他们注意到了微妙的反应。分析句子可知，notice作谓语，与主语reactions是被动关系，用被动语态，描述过去发生的事情用一般过去时，主语是复数，故填werenoticed。9．考查代词。句意：“这可能只是移动一只耳朵，或者把头转向说话者，甚至是停住它们正在做的事情，”deMouzon博士说。根据语境此处表示前文提到的cats，作主语用人称代词的主格，故填they。10．考查定语从句。句意：在这项研究中，有一些情况下，猫会靠近说话者并发出喵喵的声音。分析句子可知，空处引导定语从句，先行词case，从句中作抽象地点状语，故用关系副词where引导定语从句，故填where。2024届上海市崇明区高三上学期一模英语试卷21．haddeveloped22．offering23．published24．wasconsidered25．when26．totell27．what28．before29．something30．that##which【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了科学家的一项新发现，即当人们死亡的时候，人的一生会在眼前闪过。21．考查时态。句意：一组科学家开始测量一名患有癫痫多年的87岁患者的脑电波。根据句中set以及后句中suffered可知，本句使用一般过去时，分析句子结构可知，who引导修饰先行词patient的定语从句，并在句中作主语，空处作谓语，且develop发生在setout之前，为“过去的过去”，故用过去完成时。故填haddeveloped。22．考查非谓语动词。句意：但在神经系统记录中，他致命的心脏病发作，意外地记录了一个垂死的大脑。分析句子结构可知，suffered在句中作谓语，offer作非谓语，且与逻辑主语he构成逻辑上的主谓关系，故用现在分词作状语。故填offering。23．考查非谓语动词。句意：该团队在周二发表在《衰老神经科学前沿》上的研究中写道，这种大脑活动可能表明，一个人生命的最后时刻可能会发生最后的“生命回忆”。分析句子结构可知，publish在句中作后置定语，且与被修饰词study构成逻辑上的被动关系，应用过去分词形式作定语。故填published。24．考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意：该研究的合著者AjmalZemmar博士说，当时驻扎在加拿大温哥华的研究小组意外得到的东西被认为是有史以来第一份关于垂死的大脑的记录。根据句中said可知，空处应用一般过去时，分析句子结构可知，在that引导的宾语从句中，whattheteam,thenbasedinVancouver,Canada,accidentallygot作主语，空处应作谓语，且与句子主语构成被动关系，应用被动语态，从句在句中作主语，be动词应用was。故填wasconsidered。25．考查定语从句。句意：所以我们可以重温那些和亲人在一起的时刻和其他美好的回忆吗？分析句子结构可知，空处引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词moments，先行词指时间，且关系词在定语从句中作时间状语，故应用关系副词when。故填when。26．考查非谓语动词。句意：Zemmar博士说这是不可能辨别的。分析句子结构可知，it在宾语从句中作形式主语，后面应用动词不定式作真正的主语。故填totell。27．考查主语从句。句意：但是，对于每个人来说，难忘的东西是不同的。分析句子结构可知，空处引导主语从句，且在主语从句中作主语，根据句意应指难忘的东西，应用what引导从句。故填what。28．考查连词。句意：Zemmar博士现在是路易斯维尔大学的神经外科医生，他说，在患者心脏停止向大脑供血的前30秒内，他的脑电波遵循与我们进行高认知要求任务时相同的模式，如集中注意力、做梦或回忆。空处引导时间状语从句，根据第一段“Newdatafromascientific“accident”hassuggestedthatlifemayactuallyflashbeforeoureyesaswedie.”可知，科学家们研究的是在人们快要死亡的时候的脑电波，也就是在心脏停止向大脑供血的前30秒，空处应用before，表示“在……之前”。故填before。29．考查代词。句意：“我认为这整个濒死体验中有一些神秘和精神方面的东西，”Zemmar博士说。结合语意可知，此处表示“一些神秘和精神方面的东西”，空处应用不定代词something，表示“某些东西”。故填something。30．考查定语从句。句意：像这样的发现——这是科学家们为之而活的时刻。分析句子结构可知，空处引导定语从句，修饰先行词moment，先行词指物，且关系词在定语从句中作宾语，故用关系代词that/which。故填that/which。2024届上海市金山区高三上学期一模英语试题21．yourself##yourselves22．what23．amreminded24．toserve25．haven’tseen26．who##whom##that27．posted28．bumping29．although##though##while30．despite【导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文，主要讲述了虽然社交媒体有一些缺陷，但它仍然有好处，它对我们来说仍然不可替代。21．考查代词。句意：你开始质疑自己为什么花这么多时间在社交媒体上。根据空后的“whyyouhadspentallthetimeonit”和主语You可知，这里是说你开始质疑自己。应用you的反身代词yourself(你自己)或yourselves(你们自己)，作宾语。故填yourself/yourselves。22．考查表语从句。句意：包括我在内的许多人都是这样。分析句子结构，空处引导一个表语从句，且在从句中作主语，表示“事情”，所以应用连接代词what引导。故填what。23．考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：但偶尔，我会想起它一直是一个多么强大的工具。根据句中的occasionally可知，这里表示习惯性的动作，应用一般现在时。主语I和remind之间是动宾关系，应用被动语态，且主语为I，所以be动词应用am。故填amreminded。24．考查非谓语动词。句意：它最初的、非商业化的使命是作为人们的纽带和友谊的促进者，这是无与伦比的。missiontodosth.意为“做……的使命”，不定式作后置定语。故填toserve。25．考查时态。句意：我从16岁起就没见过他。根据句中的时间状语从句“sinceIwas16”可知，这里应用现在完成时，故填haven’tseen。26．考查定语从句。句意：这是一张我不认识的小女孩的照片，她在学校才艺表演中获得一等奖。分析句子结构，空处引导一个定语从句，指代先行词alittlegirl，指人，且在从句中作know的宾语，所以可用关系代词who,whom或that引导。故填who/whom/that。27．考查非谓语动词。句意：Rob不同寻常地发布了一张照片，这是他在Facebook上的第一条帖子，上面标着他女儿就读的学校的名字，这所学校不在苏格兰，但离我家只有五英里。分析句子结构，空处应用非谓语动词。逻辑主语Aphoto和post之间是动宾关系，所以应用过去分词，作后置定语，故填posted。28．考查非谓语动词。句意：我们俩都惊讶于，多年来，我们住在这么近的地方，在同一家杂货店购物，乘坐同一辆通勤巴士，去同一家电影院，却从未撞上过对方，这是多么不可思议。空处应用动名词，作介词without的宾语。故填bumping。29．考查状语从句。句意：事实是，即使我们有（撞上过对方），如果没有他的个人资料照片，我也不确定我会认出他。句中的“wehad”和“Iwouldhaverecognizedhimwithouthisprofilepicture”之间是让步关系，所以应用although/though/while引导让步状语从句。故填although/though/while。30．考查介词。句意：因此，尽管人们对社交媒体如何扰乱我们的生活进行了种种考虑和批评，但很高兴知道它仍然值得关注。“alltheconsiderationsandcriticismsabouthowsocialmediadisturbsourlives”和“itisnicetoknowthatit’sstillworthpressingLike”之间是让步关系，应用介词despite构成介词短语作让步状语，意为“尽管”。故填despite。2024届上海市奉贤区高三上学期一模英语试题【答案】21.how 22.could 23.weregathered 24.as 25.where26.after 27.todiscover 28.hadsent 29.orbiting 30.concerned【导读】文章大意：本文介绍了1963年，法国将一只猫送入太空的事件。在20世纪60年代初，科学家通常使用狗和猴子来了解外太空的危险条件，并评估人类是否能在地球大气层之外生存。这项任务成功地使法国成为将新物种送入太空的国家。科学家和工程师进行动物太空飞行实验的目的是为了了解它们在太空中是否会受到失重、辐射增加或其他影响的威胁。他们的实验成功为人类进入太空开辟了道路。【解析】how：根据句子结构和语境，