云南分校专升本寒假班入学考试

云南分校专升本寒假班入学考试《综合阅读能力》第一题、词汇与语法结构（单选题，每小题2分，共20小题，共40分）1.Although_____Spanish,heattendedthecourse.A.hewasknowingB.heisknowingC.havingaknowledgeof(正确答案)D.knows2.You_____thatlettertoJames.However,youdidn’t.A.oughttowriteB.oughttohavewritten(正确答案)C.shouldwriteD.shouldbewriting3.Thebackgardenofourhousecontainsalawn,_____verypleasanttositoninsummer.A.whichis(正确答案)B.whichitisC.itisD.where4.Hesetupinbusiness_____hisownandwasverysuccessful.A.inB.ofC.on(正确答案)D.by5.John’sscoreonthetestisthehighestintheclass;he_____lastnight.A.muststudyB.shouldhavestudiedC.musthavestudied(正确答案)D.issuretostudy6.Frankalmostneverreceivedanyeducation,_____?A.wouldheB.didhe(正确答案)C.didn’theD.wouldn’the7.Evenifhisletter_____tomorrow,it_____toolatetodoanything.A.willarrive;isB.shouldarrive.;wereC.arrives;willbe(正确答案)D.arrives;wouldbe8.ManyAfricanswere_____toChristianity.A.changedB.transformedC.converted(正确答案)D.exchanged9.The_____sceneofthewaterfallisaperfectdelighttotheeye.A.significantB.magnificent(正确答案)C.superstitiousD.substantial10.Alotoftrafficaccidents_____fromcarelessness.A.arouseB.arise(正确答案)C.raiseD.rise11.Thepresidentwantedto_____himaboutfillingthepostofthesalesdepartment.A.acceptB.cooperateC.approach(正确答案)D.demand12._____theteachersintheirschoolisabout200andonefourthofthemare_____teachers.A.Thenumberof;womanB.Thenumberof;women(正确答案)C.Anumberof;womanD.Anumberof;women13.Helayinbed,listeningtotherain_____thewindow.A.hittingB.defeatingC.beating(正确答案)D.striking14.Thefirsttextbooks_____forteachingEnglishasaforeignlanguagecameoutinthe16thcentury.A.havingwrittenB.tobewrittenC.beingwrittenD.written(正确答案)15.Whata_____thatdressmakes!Shelooksveryprettynow.A.transplantB.transportationC.translationD.transformation(正确答案)16.Theworldhastwiceasmuchshipbuilding_____asitneededinthe1980s.A.capacityB.potentialC.ability(正确答案)D.possibility17.Therearemanythingsindifferentareas_____wecandotoreducethepossibledangersofAIDS.A.that(正确答案)B．thereC．whatD．where18.ThereareanumberofwordsintheEnglishlanguagethatwereFrenchin_____.A.rootB.baseC.bottomD.origin(正确答案)19.Theweatherforecastdoesn’tsay_____.A.ifitrainstomorrowB.ifdoesitraintomorrowC.ifitwillraintomorrow\(正确答案)D.ifwillitraintomorrow20.Wesharea_____purpose,solet’shelpeachother.A．common(正确答案)B．ordinaryC．generalD．clever第二题、完形填空题（单选题，每个小题2分，共10个小题，共20分）WhenIwasintheseventhgrade,Ivolunteeredaboutthirtytofortyhoursaweekduringthesummeratalocalhospitalinmytown.MostofthetimeIspenttherewaswithMr.Gillespie.Heneverhadany__1__,andnobodyseemedtocareabouthiscondition.Ispentmanydaysthereholdinghishandandtalkingtohim,helpingwithanythingthatneededtobedone.Hebecameaclosefriendofmine,eventhoughherepliedtomewithonlyavery__2__movingofhisfingers.Mr.Gillespiewasstillinacoma.

Ileftforaweektovacationwithmyparents,andwhenI__3__back,Mr.Gillespiehadgone.Ididn’thavethecouragetoaskanyofthenurseswherehewas,forfeartheymighttellmehehaddied.

Severalyearspassed.Oneday,whenIwasatthegasstation,Inoticedafamiliarface.WhenIrealizedwhoitwas,myeyesfilledwith__4__.Hewasalive!IaskedhimifhisnamewasMr.Gillespie,andifhehadbeeninacomaaboutfiveyearsago.Witha(an)__5__lookonhisface,hereplied,“Yes”.IexplainedhowIknewhim,andthatIhadspentmanyhourstalkingwithhiminthehospital.Withtearsinhiseyes,hegavemethewarmesthugIhadever__6__.

Hebegantotellmehow,ashelaythereinacoma,hecould__7__metalkingtohimandcouldfeelmeholdinghishandthewholetime.Hethoughtitwasanangel,notaperson,whowastherewithhim.Mr.Gillespiefirmly__8__thatitwasmyvoiceandtouchthathadkepthimalive.

Thenhetoldmewhathappenedtohimtoputhiminthecoma.Webothcriedforawhileandexchangedahug,saidgood-byeandwentourseparate__9__.

AlthoughIhaven’tseenhimsincethen,hefillsmyheartwithjoyeveryday.IknowthatImadeadifferencebetweenhislifeandhisdeath.More__10__,Iwillneverforgethimandwhathedidforme:hemademeanangel.1.A.sonsB.friendsC.daughtersD.visitors(正确答案)2.A.gentle(正确答案)B.hurriedC.turnedD.rang3.A.came(正确答案)B.goC.leaveD.begin4.A.sadnessB.fearC.interestD.excitement(正确答案)5.A.unhappyB.uncertain(正确答案)C.unusualD.unchangeable6.A.seenB.received(正确答案)C.offeredD.known7.A.loveB.hear(正确答案)C.inviteD.follow8.A.acceptedB.respectedC.believed(正确答案)D.considered9.A.directionsB.homesC.ways(正确答案)D.places10.A.necessarilyB.possiblyC.carefullyD.importantly(正确答案)第三题、阅读理解题（单选题，每个小题2分，共30题，共60分。）Passage1Whatcomestomindwhenyouheartheword--diversity?Issuesofraceorgendermayspringtomind．Equalrights?Orminorityissues?

Iencouragepeopletolookatamuchwiderdefinitionoftheword.Iwouldtendtosaydiversityis“differentness”inanyform.Agoodexampleofthiskindofdiversityhasbeenexperiencedbyeverypersonwhoeverleftbehindthecomfortsofhomeandmovedintounchartedterritory.Issuesofdiversityareinformednotonlybyyourculturalbackgroundandcontext,butalsobyyourreligion,age,fieldofwork,familysituation,personality,andcountlessotherfactorsthatmakeusunique.Diversityaffectseveryone.

It’sforthisreasonthatdiversityhasbecomesuchabuzzword.Thebuzzhappensbecauseit’sallabouthowyouhandleit.It’sverymuchlikethejobacomposerhaswhencreatingagreatmusicalcomposition.Ifthecomposerunderstandswhateachuniquenoteanddynamicmarkiscapableofincombinationwiththeotherparts,theresultachievedisextraordinary.If,however,noneofthepartsiscommunicatingwiththeothers,we’releftwithacacophony(刺耳的声音).

Onapersonallevel,it’sthisunderstandingandacceptanceof“theother”whichrestsatthecoreofdiversity.Whetherwe’retalkingaboutnavigatingthroughamulticulturalurbanenvironmentoruprootingandmovingtoanewforeignsocialcontext,itisnecessarytosetasiderigidassumptionsabout“theother”andputoneselfintheothers’shoes.Sohowdowemakethisleap?It’softenassimpleasaskingquestionsandbeingcarefulnottoassumethatwhatyouseeisnecessarilywhattheothersidesees.\

OfteninmyworkshopsIgiveamagiclessontotheaudiencetoillustratethisprinciple.Ifirstpresentthemagicandaccomplishthe“impossible”.Theparticipantsreceivethesamepropsbutsimplycan’tmanage.Welookmorecarefullyatthesituationandrealizethattheassumptionstheymadeaboutitactuallyblockedthemfromachievingthisfeat;afeattheysuddenlyareempoweredtodowhich,momentsago,wasimpossible.

Thegoalinbeingsensitivetodiversityistocultivateacultureofrespectforpeople’sdifferencesandunderstandthatsuchanenvironmentisbeneficialtoeveryoneinvolved.

Diversityawarenessisanevolution.Wecan’tgettherebysnappingourfingers,anditisn’tamatteroftrainingpeopletohavetextbookpoliticallycorrectattitudes.Instead,it’sacaseoflookingatthebigpictureofhowweseetheworld,understandingwhyweseeitthatway,andthenmakingsurewedoourparttogenuinelyvaluedifferenceandbenefitfromit.1.Accordingtotheauthor,diversityis_____.A.confusingB.extraordinaryC.quitecommonD.universal(正确答案)2.“It”inParagraphThreerefersto_____.A.diversityB.thebuzzC.howtohandlediversity(正确答案)D.theformationofdiversity3.Theauthorbelievesthat_____.A.tohandlediversityoneshouldputhimselfinothers’shoes(正确答案)B.whenyouareinaforeignenvironment,doastheRomansdoC.diversitycanhardlybedefinedD.diversityderivesfromculturaldifference4.Theexampleofamagiclessonistoshow_____.A.everyonecandomagicB.magicisnothingbutafeatC.whatblockspeoplefromhandlingdiversity(正确答案)D.itispossibletoachieveanything5.Howtoraisediversityawarenessaccordingtotheauthor?A.Bylivinginanunfamiliarenvironment.B.Byhavingpoliticallycorrectattitudes.C.Bybeingsensitivetoeverythingoneexperiences.D.Byunderstandingpeople’sdifferences.(正确答案)Passage2IlostmysightwhenIwasfouryearsoldbyfallingoffaboxcarinafreightyardinAtlanticCityandlandingonmyhead.NowIamthirty-two.Icanvaguelyrememberthebrightnessofsunshineandwhatcolorredis.Itwouldbewonderfultoseeagain,butacalamitycandostrangethingstopeople.ItoccurredtometheotherdaythatImightnothavecometolovelifeasIdoifIhadn’tbeenblind.Ibelieveinlifenow.IamnotsosurethatIwouldhavebelievedinitsodeeply,otherwise.Idon’tmeanthatIwouldprefertogowithoutmyeyes.IsimplymeanthatthelossofthemmademeappreciatethemorewhatIhadleft.

Life,Ibelieve,asksacontinuousseriesofadjustmentstoreality.Themorereadilyapersonisabletomaketheseadjustments,themoremeaningfulhisownprivateworldbecomes.Theadjustmentisnevereasy.Iwasbewilderedandafraid.ButIwaslucky.Myparentsandmyteacherssawsomethinginme--apotentialtolive,youmightcallit--whichIdidn’tsee,andtheymademewanttofightitoutwithblindness.

ThehardestlessonIhadtolearnwastobelieveinmyself.Thatwasbasic.IfIhadn’tbeenabletodothat,Iwouldhavecollapsedandbecomeachairrockeronthefrontporchfortherestofmylife.WhenIsaybeliefinmyselfIamnottalkingaboutsimplythekindofselfconfidencethathelpsmedownanunfamiliarstaircasealone.Thatispartofit.ButImeansomethingbiggerthanthat:anassurancethatIam,despiteimperfections,areal,positiveperson;thatsomewhereinthesweeping,intricatepatternofpeoplethereisaspecialplacewhereIcanmakemyselffit.

Ittookmeyearstodiscoverandstrengthenthisassurance.Ithadtostartwiththemostelementarythings.Onceamangavemeanindoorbaseball.IthoughthewasmockingmeandIwashurt.“Ican’tusethis.”Isaid.“Takeitwithyou,”heurgedme,“androllitaround.”Thewordsstuckinmyhead.“Rollitaround!“ByrollingtheballIcouldhearwhereitwent.ThisgavemeanideahowtoachieveagoalIhadthoughtimpossible:playingbaseball.AtPhiladelphia’sOverbrookSchoolfortheBlindIinventedasuccessfulvariationofbaseball.Wecalleditgroundball.

AllmylifeIhavesetaheadofmeaseriesofgoalsandthentriedtoreachthem,oneatatime.Ihadtolearnmylimitations.ItwasnogoodtotryforsomethingIknewatthestartwaswildlyoutofreachbecausethatonlyinvitedthebitternessoffailure.IwouldfailsometimesanywaybutontheaverageImadeprogress.1.Wecanlearnfromthebeginningofthepassagethat_____.A.theauthorlosthissightbecauseofacarcrashB.theauthorwouldn’tlovelifeifthedisasterdidn’thappenC.thedisastermadetheauthorappreciatewhathehad(正确答案)D.thedisasterstrengthenedtheauthor’sdesiretosee2.What’sthemostdifficultthingfortheauthor?A.HowtoadjusthimselftorealityB.Buildingupassurancethathecanfindhisplaceinlife(正确答案)C.LearningtomanagehislifealoneD.Tofindaspecialworkthatsuitstheauthor3.Accordingtothecontext,“achairrockeronthefrontporch”inparagraph3meansthattheauthor_____.A.wouldsitinarockingchairandenjoyhislifeB.wasparalyzedandstayedinarockingchairC.wouldlosehiswilltostruggleagainstdifficulties(正确答案)D.wouldsitinachairandstayathome4.Accordingtothepassage,thebaseballandencouragementofferedbytheman_____.A.hurttheauthor’sfeelingB.gavetheauthoradeepimpressionC.directlyledtotheinventionofgroundballD.inspiredtheauthor(正确答案)5.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingisCORRECT?A.TheauthorsetgoalsforhimselfbutonlyinvitedfailuremostofthetimeB.Theauthorsuggestednottryingsomethingbeyondone’sabilityatthebeginning(正确答案)C.ThebitternessoffailurepreventedtheauthorfromtryingsomethingoutofreachD.Becauseofhislimitations,theauthortriedtoreachonegoalatatimePassage3Openupmostfashionmagazinesandyouwillseeincrediblythinmodelswithimpossiblehairandwearingunreasonablyexpensive,impracticablystyledclothes.Butshouldn’tclothesbecomfortablydurableandmakeaprincipleofbeingsimplefortheindividualwhowearsthem?Whyareweconstantlytoldthatweneedtobuynewclothesandaddfreshpiecestoourcollection?

Fashionschangeyearafteryearsolotsofpeoplecanmakepilesofmoney.Iffolksareconvincedthattheyneedadifferentlookeachseason,thatthisyear’ssweater’slengthandshoesstyleareimportant,theycanbepersuadedtobuy.Thefashionindustrywouldhaveyouignoreyourshortcomingsandjustmakeyoufeelbeautifulandhappy.Infactitisnotonlyaphenomenonwecanfindinpeople’sdressing.

Fashioncontrolsourlives.Fashioncontrolswhatwewear,whatweeat,whatwedrink,thewaywecutourhair,themakeupWebuyanduse,thecolorofthecarswedrive.Fashionevencontrolsourideas.

Youdon’tbelieveme?Howmany.Ofyourfriendsarevegetarians?Whyaretheyvegetarians?Becauseitisfashionable!

Wheredoesfashioncomefrom?Oftenthereasonsarequitelogical.Scientistsandhistoriansstudythefashionsofthepastandanddiscoverthesecretsofeachfashion.

Whengirlsseeanattractiveguy,theirbloodpressurerisesandtheirlipsbecomeredder.That’swhyguysthinkthatgirlswearinglipstickarebeautiful.

Whydoguysshavetheirheads?Inthepastsoldiersshavedtheirheadstokilltheinsectsthatlivedintheirhair.Nowguysshavetheirheadssothattheylookstrongandmasculine,likesoldiers.

Peoplespendalotoftimeandmoneyonfashion.Butaretheywastingtheirmoney?Changesinfashionhelptodevelopnewtechnologies.Changesinstylecreateworkforpeopleallovertheworld.Manypeopleworkinthefashionindustry,particularlyinthefashioncapitalsofLondon,NewYork,ParisandMilan.

Andfinally,fashionmakesyoufeelgood,doesn’tit?Whenyouaredressedinthelateststyle,dancingtothemostfashionablemusic,afterwatchingthelatesthitfilm,youfeelgreat,don’tyou?1.What’stheauthor’sviewpointaboutthemodelsandtheirhairstylesandclothes?A.UnbiasedB.IndifferentC.Critical(正确答案)D.Appreciative2.Itisindicatedbytheauthorthatclothesshouldbe_____.A.comfortableanddurable(正确答案)B.newandfreshC.expensiveandfashionableD.simpleandunique3.Thefashionindustrymakesprofitsby_____.A.sellingtheproductsathighpricesB.creatinganeedinyou(正确答案)C.helpingyougetridofyourshortcomingsD.makingyoulookmorebeautiful4.Theauthorthinkswhathasbeenfoundaboutfashionsbythescientistsandthe.historiansis_____.A.incredibleB.amazingC.reasonable(正确答案)D.creative5.ThepassagementionstheadvantagesoffashionEXCEPTthat_____.A.itcanhelppromotetechnologicaldevelopmentB.itenablespeopletoremainup-to-date(正确答案)C.itcancreatemorejobopportunitiesforpeopleD.itcanmakepeopleachieveagreatfeelingPassage4Thisyear,likelotsofotherpeople,I’mgoingtotrytomakemyownChristmaspresents.It’snotthefirsttimethatI’vepromisedmyselfthis.Beingamilliner,andanall-roundcraftytype,I’veoftenthoughtIshouldputmymoneywheremymouthis.ButthisyearI’mreallygoingtosticktoit.It’spartlythatI’mshortofcash,butalsothatI’verecentlyreturnedfromaninspiringtriparoundBritain,lookinginto“makedoandmend”forBBC2’sNewsnight.

Idreamedupthetripafewmonthsago.Thethoughtoftravelingthecountry--makingthingsasIwent,meetingartistsandcraftspeople—soundedliketheperfectwaytospendthesummer.I’dpackatentandasewingmachineandoffI’dgo.ButbythetimeIfinalizedmyplansandhittheroad,leaveswerealreadycrunchingunderfoot.Itseemedcrazytocampwithwinterontheway;instead,Newsnightviewersofferedmeboardandlodginginreturnforhelpwithacrafttask.Therewasanoverwhelmingresponse.

Mytasksrangedfromdarning(缝补)amoth-eatenmonk’sjumpertomakingtrousersforastiltwalker.TextilestudentsinHarpendenofferedtopayformypetrolinreturnforatalkabouthats.InDerby,Amyneededhelptotransformanoldpairofcurtains.

Iwasreallystruckbypeople’sgrowingenthusiasmformakingthings.IaskedaWIgroupinSheffieldhowmanycouldsew,andonlyafewputuptheirhands.ButwhenIaskedwhowantedtolearn,nearlyeveryonerespondedpositively.AttheTextileWorkshopinNottingham,thenumberofclassesonofferhasdoubledinayear,andaknittingclubinLeedsisgrowingbytheweek.

Craftisdefinitelyfashionableatthemoment.Butoverandabovefashion,we’relearningtoappreciateeffortandqualityagain.Perhapsoncepeoplerediscoverthepleasuretobegainedfrommakingsomethingunique,itmaystick.

SuePilchardiscurator(管理者)ofquiltsattheV&A,wherenextspringshe’llbeputtingonthemuseum’sfirstmajorquiltingexhibition.Suebelievesthereturntocraftingiswrappedupinhowweareredefiningourselves.“There’scertainlyamovement,towardsanewdomesticity.People,especiallywomen,arestartingtothinkaboutthewaytheylivetheirlives.It’s40yearssincethefirstwomen’sliberationconferencewasheldinOxford.Sincethattimewe’vebeenintheworkplace,andwe’vehadtheopportunityofchoice.Nowwe’redeliberatelychoosingtogobackintothehome.”

Whetheryouagreewiththatornot,there’ssomethingaboutChristmasthatbringsouttheartisticstreakineveryone.Whetherit’sbakingmincepiesordeckingthehalls,we’reallpreparedtohaveago.Soifyoufancypushingtheboatoutandmakingafewpresents,trythesereallysimpleideas,eachinspiredbymyrecentjourney.Theymakeidealstockingfillersorsmallgifts,andtakenolongerthan30minuteseach.Playsomecarols,settledownwithasteamingcupofcocoa,andforgetthecold.You’llsaveyourselfabitofmoneyandspreadalittlebitoflovetoo!1.TheauthorpromisedtomakeherselfaChristmaspresentthisyearmainlybecause_____.A.shewantedtosavemoneyB.shecouldn’taffordtobuyoneC.shewasinspiredbyhertripforaBBC2program(正确答案)D.Alotofpeoplemakepresentsthemselves2.WhichofthefollowingisCORRECTabouttheauthor’striptoBritain?A.ShemetmanyartistsandcraftsmenonherwaytoBritain.B.ShespentawholesummerinBritainmakingcrafts.C.Shewasaskedtosewclothes,pantsandcurtainsandmadeafortune.D.Manypeoplewerefoundtobeinterestedinmakingthingsthemselves.(正确答案)3.WhenwastheauthorprobablyonhertriptoBritain?A.Spring.B.LateSummer.C.LateAutumn.(正确答案)D.Winter.4.Accordingtothepassage,throughcraftingpeoplelearnto_____.A.appreciatetheeffortsinmanualthings(正确答案)B.keepupwithfashionC.sticktosomethinginterestingD.understandcraftbetter5.Whatistheauthor’sviewonhomemadeChristmaspresents?A.MakingChristmaspresentscanjustconveyabitofyourloveB.ItwouldtakelongtimetoprepareaChristmaspresentC.YoucandrinkacupofhotcocoawhenyoumakepreparationsD.PeoplecanfindtheirartistictalentinmakingChristmaspresents(正确答案)Passage5“Ageisanissueofmindovermatter.Ifyoudon’tmind,itdoesn’tmatter.”ThisnuggetofwisdomoftenattributedtoMarkTwain,hasbeenturnedintomanyaninspirationalInternetmeme(表情包)overtheyears.

Accordingtoagrowingbodyofresearchthereismoretoitthanthat.Subjectiveage—howoldwefeel—hasaveryrealimpactonhealthandlongevity.Peoplewhofeelyoungerthantheiryearsoftenactuallyare,intermsofhowlongtheyhavelefttolive.

Thequestionofwhatcontrolsoursubjectiveageandwhetherwecanchangeit,hasalwaysbeentrickytoaddressscientifically.Now,researchisrevealingsomesurprisinganswers.Thegoodnewsisthatmanyofthefactorsthathelpdeterminehowoldwefeelarethingsthatwecancontroltoaddyearstoourlives—andlifetoouryears.

Wehaveknownforawhilenowthatsimplycountingthenumberofyearssomeonehasbeenaliveisn’tnecessarilythemostaccuratewayofgauging(测量)longevity.Wealsoknowthatphysicalageingisnotthebe-allandend-all.Gerontologists(研究老年病学的专家)recognizethatjustaswecanmakegeneralizationsaboutthewaysthatphysicalageingaffectsourbodies—a60-year-oldwillalmostcertainlyshowmoresignsofphysicaldeclinethana30-year-old—therearesomepredictablepsychologicalchangesthatcomewithage,too.

Inthelate1990s,LauraCarstensen,agerontologistatStanfordUniversityinCaliforniameasuredhowhumanpsychologytypicallychangesasweage.Herworkhasshownthatyoungpeopleforwhomtimeseemsunlimited,aremotivatedtopursueknowledgeaboutthephysicalandsocialworld—toexploreandmakenewconnections.Asaresult,theytendtobemoreenthusiastic,outward-lookingandsociablethantheirparentsandgrandparents,butalsomoresuperficial,impulsiveandemotionallyfragile.

Olderpeople,meanwhile,feelthattheyhavefeweryearslefttoplaywith,turnawayfromexploringandconcentrateonfindingmeaning,emotionalintimacyandsharingthewisdomoftheiryears.

Weallknowpeoplewhoareyoungatheartandyoungfogeys(守旧者)whothinkandbehaveolderthantheiryears.Intriguingly(有趣地),though,studiessuggestthatbeingyoungatheartisseriouslygoodforyou.Alowersubjectiveageiscorrelatedwithbetterhealth,longevityandgeneralwell-being,whilepeoplewithagreatersubjectiveagehavehigherlevelsofinflammation,amarkerofgeneralillhealth,andolder-lookingbrains.1.Accordingtothefirsttwoparagraphs,whichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUE?A.Amiddle-agedguyusuallytriestostopageing.B.Subjectiveageishowoldyouareatthatmoment.C.Agewon’tbecomeaproblemunlessyoucareaboutit.(正确答案)D.ManymemesaboutMarkTwinhaverecentlygoneviral.2.Inwhichofthefollowingsentencesistheunderlinedword“address”similarinmeaningtothatinParagraph3?A.Youressaydoesn’taddresstherealissues.(正确答案)B.IwassurprisedwhenheaddressedmeinEnglish.C.Thegeneralmanagerispreparingtomakeanaddressatthemeeting.D.Theletterwascorrectlyaddressed,butwasdeliveredtothewronghouse.3.FromLaura’sresearch,wecantellthat_____.A.oldpeoplefocusmoreonexploringthemeaningoflife(正确答案)B.youngpeopleprefertogooutsideratherthantostayathomeC.oldpeopleareverylikelytobepassiveastheydon’thavemuchtimeleftD.youngpeoplearealwaysenergeticastheyfeelliketheyhaveunlimitedtime4.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethat_____.A.somepeopleareyounginagebutoldinmindB.People’sbrainswillbecomeoldastheybecomeolderC.oldpeoplearemorelikelytosufferfromillnessthanyoungpeopleD.peoplewhoareyoungatheartarephysicallyandmentallyhealthier(正确答案)5.Whichofthefollowingstatementswouldbethebestwaytosummarizethisarticle?A.Subjectiveageishowoldwefeel.B.Ifyoudon’tthinkyouareold,youarenot.C.Beingyoungatheartisveryimportantandbeneficialtous.(正确答案)D.Countingthenumberofyearsisnotacorrectwaytoestimateone’slongevity.Passage6Theaveragesingle-useplasticbaggetsusedforabout12minutes.Everysecond,theworlduses160,000plasticbags—thatisatotalofoverfivetrillionperyear.Upto99percentoftheseplasticbagsarenotrecycledandtheyhangaroundforatleast1,000yearsandpollutetheearth.Yet,plasticbagsarehardlyanecessityinourlives.Wehavetomakechangestocreateamoresustainablelifestyle.

Atthebeginningof2021,Shanghaiputineffectabanonallplasticbagsinshoppingmallsandsupermarkets,aswellasabanonnon-degradableplasticsinmanyotherareas.Overtheyears,individualsandcompanieshaveworkedtoreplaceplasticitems,suchascupsandstraws,withpaperones.However,customerscomplainthatpaperstrawsoftenbecomesoftandbreakbeforetheycanfinishtheirhotdrinks.Expertshaverepeatedlystressedreplacingplasticwithdegradablematerialsisnottheultimatesolution,andthatourconsumptionhabitsneedabiggerchange.

Incollege,oneofmyenvironmentalscienceprofessorsdemonstratedatypeofwaste-freeliving.Shecarriedaroundasmallglassjarwithher,andinitwasallhertrashshecollectedfortheentireyear.Thejarcontainedaplasticcandybarwrapper(herrewardforpassingthehalf-yearmark)andabrokenpen.Thatwasit.ShebroughthercuptoStarbucks,herbagstoshops,andneverboughtanythingwrappedinplastic.Herfoodwastebecamecompost(堆肥).Thoughsheprobablymissedoutonsometemptingfoodslikebubbleteaandpotatochip,shecleardemonstratedourabilitytoliveahealthylifewithoutcreatingmuchplasticwaste.

Plasticbagsareincrediblyeasytoforgetaboutwhentheybecomeincreasinglycommon.Unluckily,plasticbagsbreakdownintomicroplastics(塑料微粒)whichthengetmixedintotheair,soilandwater,andeventuallyendupinplants,animalsandhumanbodies.Somesmallportionofthefivetrillionplasticbagstobeconsumedthisyearwillsoonerorlaterbecomepartofthefoodyoueat,thewateryoudrink,andthengetstucksomewhereinsideyourbody.Sowhatareyougoingtodoaboutthem?1.Whydoestheauthorusemanynumbersinthefirstparagraph?A.Totellreaderstheexactnumbersofplasticbags.B.Toshowtheimportanceofplasticbagsindailylife.C.Towarnreadersofpossibleproblemsfromplasticbags.(正确答案)D.Toremindreadersofthepopularityofplasticbags.2.Whatcanweknowfromthesecondparagraph?A.Someindividualsandcompaniesignorethebanonplasticbags.B.Customerscomplaintheinconvenienceofpaperitems.(正确答案)C.Peopleprefertousepaperitemsinsteadofplasticones.D.Expertswarnpeoplenottousedegradablematerials.3.Whatisthemainideaofthethirdparagraph?A.Thescienceprofessorlikedtodemonstrateherwayofliving.B.Thescienceprofessoroftencarrie