C++程序设计-参考答案刘振安

B;(typedef,typeid,typename，都为保存字C;(标记符，应当以字母或，下划线开头C;(标记符中有的特殊符号，只能有下划线newintxconstint*p=&x;xconst，*p不能，p=&yASCII65#include<iostream>usingnamespacestd;voidmain(){intascii_1=65,ascii_2=66;//ASCII码中的，65cout<<"字符输出："<<(char)ascii_1<<"，"<<(char)ascii_2<<endl;cout<<"ASCII码输出："<<ascii_1<<"，"<<ascii_2<<endl;}int100个整形空间的程序。#include<iostream>usingnamespacestd;voidmain(){intp=newfor(inti=0;i<{}for(i=0;i<{cout<<*(p+i)<<"}delete}15float值，用指针把它们寄存在一种存储快里，然后输出这#include<iostream#includealgorithm用于数组排列的头文献usingnamespacestd;void{floatp=newcout<<"15float类型的值：endl;for(inti=0;i<15;i++){ }intsum=0;for(i=0;i<{sum+=*(p+i);}cout<<"和是："<<sum<<endl;cout<<"最小的是："<<*(p)<endl;delete}inta[]={1,2,3,4,5,6,7,4aba4的位置，最ab的内容。#include<iostream>#include<algorithm>#include<functional>usingnamespacestd;voidmain(){intcout<<"a中'4'的位置是：find(a,a+8,4)<<endl;//4的位置copy(a,a+8,b);//abreverse_copy(b,b+8,a);//baacout<<"a反转后，'4'的位置是：find(a,a+8,4)<<endl;//4cout<<"数组a的内容："<<endl; cout<<"\n数组b中的内容："<<endl; }第二章参考答案12岁，女学生李红的11岁。给出这个学生类的类图和它们的对象图。stringintPointfloatfloatfloatfloatfloatfloatstringstringno;//编号intnum;//人数…longno;//编号longno;//编号floatbalance;//余额…longno;//编号floatbalance;//余额…floatgetBalance();//#include<iostream>#include<string>usingnamespacestd;voidmain(){//string类定义字符串，完毕字符串连接stringstr1("C++"),str2("程序设计");stringstr3str1+str2;//1cout<<str3<<endl;//char数组定义字符串，完毕连接charc1[]={"c++"},c2[]={"program"};charc3[20]={""};intcout<<c3<<}hereh#include<iostream>#include<functional>#include<algorithm>#include<string>usingnamespacestd;voidmain(){stringstr1("Wearehere!");cout<<str1[7]<endl;//通过数组stringstr2=str1.substr(7,1);//通过得到子字符串cout<<str2<<endl;char*p=find(str1.begin(),str1.end(),'h');//find函数cout<<*p<<char*p1=find(&str1[0],&str1[str1.length()],'h');//find函数cout<<*p1<<}funcint*fun(char,intACCy=x*x-错误，Ty没有类型。template<classT>Tmax(Tx,Ty){return(x>y)?(x):(y)}changevoidchange(string&{s=s+}ax2bxc03b2-4ac不不大于零、等a,b,c的值并输出成果。#include<iostream>#include<math.h>usingnamespacestd;voidequation_1(inta,intb,int{doublex1,x2,temp;temp=b*b-4*a*c;x1=(-b+sqrt(temp))/(2*a*x2=(-b-sqrt(temp))/(2*a*1.0);cout<<"两个不相等的实根cout<<"x1="<< x2="<<x2<<}voidequation_2(inta,intb,int{doublex1,x2,temp;x1=(-b)/(2*a*1.0);x2=x1;cout<<"两个相等的实根cout<<"x1="<< x2="<<x2<<}voidequation_3(inta,intb,int{doubletemp,real1,real2,image1,image2;temp=-(b*b-4*a*c);real1=-b/(2*a*1.0);real2=real1;image1sqrt(temp)(2*a*1.0);image2sqrt(temp)(2*a*1.0);cout<<"两个虚根"<<endl;cout<<"x1="<<real1<<"+"<<image1<<"i"<<cout<<"x2="<<real2<<"-"<<image2<<"i"<<}void{inta,b,c;doubletemp;cout<<"输入a,b,c的值endl;cout<<"方程为：a<<"x*x+"<<b<<"x+"<<c<<"0"endl;temp=b*b-4*a*c;if(temp>equation_1(a,b,c);if(temp==0)equation_2(a,b,c);if(temp<0)equation_3(a,b,}up(ch)chup返回，否则字符ch不变化。规定在短小而完全的程序中显示这个程序是如何被调用的。#include<iostream>usingnamespacestd;charup(charc){if(c>='a'&&c<='z')return(c-32);}

returnvoid{intcharc[15]=for(i=0;i<15;i++)cout<<up(c[i])<<" cout<<}rnrn#include<iostream>#include<math.h>usingnamespacedoublepower(doublea,int{intdoubleresult=1.0;for(i=0;i<b;i++)result=result*a;returnresult;}void{doubler;intn;cout<<"r=";cout<<"n=";cout<<r<<"的"<<n<<"次幂是："<<power(r,n)<<}CNC构成的三角形。其方11C22C，等等。#include<iostream>usingnamespacestd;voidprint_triangle(charc,int{inti,for(i=0;i<n;{for(j=0;j<=i;{cout<<}cout<<}}void{}strlen（s逆序。#include<iostream>#include<string>usingnamespacestd;intstrlen(char{intlen=0;while(str[len]!='\0'){}return}voidrevers(char{charintj,len;{*(b+j)=*(b+len-j-}}void{charstr[]={"abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz"};cout<<str<<"strlen(str)<<endl;cout<<str<<endl;//倒序前cout<<str<<endl;//}3#include<iostream>usingnamespacestd;template<classvoidsort(Ta,Tb,T{Tarray[3],temp;inti,j;array[0]=a;array[1]=b;array[2]=c;{{temp=array[j];array[j]=array[j+1];array[j+1]=temp;}}cout<<array[0]<<""<<array[1]<<""<<array[2]<<}void{}#include<iostream>usingnamespacestd;template<classT>Tsum(Ta[],int{intTfor(i=0;i<n;i++)s=s+a[i];return}voidmain{intints=sum(a,5);cout<<s<<endl;}#include<iostream>usingnamespacestd;template<classTsum(Ta[],int{intTfor(i=0;i<n;i++)s=s+a[i];return}template<classT>//重载上面的模板Tsum(Ta[],intn,Tb[],int{return}voidmain{intintints1=sum(a,5);ints2=sum(b,ints3=sum(a,5,b,10);cout<<s1<<endl;cout<<s2<<endl;cout<<s3<<}类、重载、fun:fun(fun&)、fun:fun(constfunCCA::~A(void)BCCDreturnm; deletep 错误2，deletep; 错误1，应当先定义A对象：PointA;错误2，一种参数:A.init(24.56);intSetx(inta){x=a;} 错误3，应有返回值：returnx;#include<iostream>usingnamespacestd;classbase{private://私有数据组员inta,b;publicvoidinit(intx,inty)//{a=b=}void{cout<<"2*"<<a<<"-"<<b<<"="<<(2*a-b)<<}void{basea;}#include<iostream>usingnamespacestd;classPoint{privateintm,n;public:Point(intint);//整型变量，为参数的构造函数{cout<<"m="<<m<<",n="<<n<<}Point::Point(inta,int{m=n=}Point::Point(Point&t)//{m=n=}void{Pointa(10,89);Pointb(a);}main函数main函数void{baseb(10,}初始化4个坐标值和面积。使用测试程序验证程序。#include<iostream>usingnamespaceclass //{intx,y;//私有组员变量，坐标public:Point()//xy{x=y=}Point(inta,intb)//xy{x=a;y=}voidsetXY(intaintb)//{x=a;y=}intgetX()//x{return}intgetY()//{return}class //{Pointpoint1,point2,point3,point4;//私有组员变量，4个点的对象public:Rectangle();//Point的无参构造函数已经对每个对象做初始化啦，这里不用对每个点Rectangle(Pointone,Pointtwo)//用点对象做初始化的，构造函数，14{point1=one;point4=two;}Rectangle(intx1,inty1,intx2,inty2)//用两对坐标做初始化，构造函数，14点{point1.setXY(x1,y1);point4.setXY(x2,y2);}voidinit()//{point2.setXY(point4.getX(),point1.getY());point3.setXY(point1.getX(),point4.getY()}voidprintPoint()//{cout<<"A：("<<point1.getX()<<"，"<<point1.getY()<<")"<<endl;cout<<"B：("<<point2.getX()<<"，"<<point2.getY()<<")"<<endl;cout<<"C：("<<point3.getX()<<"，"<<point3.getY()<<")"<<endl;cout<<"D：("<<point4.getX()<<"，"<<point4.getY()<<")"<<}intgetArea()//{intheight,width,height=point1.getY()-point3.getY();width=point1.getX()-point2.getX();area=height*width;if(area>returnreturn-}void{Pointp1(-15,56),p2(89,10);//Rectangler1(p1,p2);//r1Rectangler2(1,5,5,1);//r2cout<<"r14个定点坐标：endl;cout<<"r1的面积：r1.getArea()cout<<"\nr24个定点坐标：endl;cout<<"r2的面积：r2.getArea()}#include<iostream.h>#include<math.h>classLine{intx1,y1,x2,y2;public:Line(int=0,int=0,int=0,int=0);voidprintPoint();doubleinlineLine::Line(inta,intb,intc,int{x1=a;y1=b;x2=c;y2=}inlinevoid{cout<<"A："<<x1<<","<<y1<<endl;cout<<"B："<<x2<<","<<y2<<}inlinedouble{doublelength=sqrt((x2-x1)*(x2-x1)+(y2-y1)*(y2-y1));returnlength;}void{Lineline(10,80,-10,12);cout<<line.getLength()<<}[color=#FF0000]第五章1.B;2.A;3.C;staticintgetn(){returnnumber;}静态组员函数，只允许访问静态组员变量，numbervoid{test*two[2]={newtest(4,5),test(6,8)};for(i=0;i<2;i++)delete}#include<iostream>usingnamespacestd;classtest{intx;public:

test(int{x=}int{return}void{inti;//test*p,a[2][3]={{1,2,3},{4,5,for(p=&a[0][0],i=0;i<=6;i++,p++)//2{if((p-a[0])%3==cout<<endl;cout<<p->GetX()<<"";}}声明复数的类，complexadd实现复数加法。#include<iostream>usingnamespacestd;classComplex{public

doublereal,Complex(doublea,doubleb){real=a;image=b;}voidsetRI(doublea,double{real=a;image=}double{return}double{return}void{cout<<"复数：realimage<<"i"<<endl;cout<<"复数：realimage<<"i"<<}friendComplexadd(Complex,Complex);//Complexadd(Complexc1,Complexc2)//{Complexc3.realc1.realc2.real;//Complex类中的私有组员c3.image=c1.image+c2.image;return}void{Complexc1(19,0.864),c2,c3;c3=add(c1,cout<<"}5.8，114#include<iostream>usingnamespacestd;voidmain(){inti,n,double*arraynewdouble[n];用指针，动态申请数组大小cout<<"给每个数组元素赋值："<<endl;for(i=0;i<n;{cout<<"array["<<i<<"]=";*(array+i)temp;//}cout<<"动态数组个元素的值以下：for(i=0;i<n;{cout<<"array["<<iarray[i]endl;//}deletearray;//}DogDogsDog#include<iostream>usingnamespacestd;classDog{public

staticintdogs;//Dog的个体数目voidsetDogs(int{dogs=}staticint{return}intDogdogs25;//初始化静态数据组员voidmain(){cout<<"Dog类对象之前：xDog::getDogs()endl;;x在产生对象之前即25Doga,cout<<"ax：a.getDogs()endl;cout<<"bx：b.getDogs()endl;cout<<"ax设立值后：endl;cout<<"ax："<<a.getDogs()<<endl;cout<<"bx："<<b.getDogs()<<endl;}第六章单一继承；2.privateprotectedderivedbaseb，derivedm(b)Derivedshow()办法voidShow(){}#includeiostreamusingnamespacestd;classBasic//基类{ Basic(){r=0;Basic(doubleclassCircularpublicBasic//{double Circular(double{r=area=area=3.1415926*r*}doublegetArea()//{return}classColumnpublicCircular//{doubledouble Column(doublea,doubleb):{h=cubage=getArea()*}doublegetCubage()//{return}void{Circularcircular(45);Columncolumn(12,10);cout<<"圆的面积："<<circular.getArea()<<endl;cout<<"圆柱的体积：column.getCubage()endl;}x4个顶点坐标。给出类的定义并用程序验证它们的功效。#include<iostream>#include<cmath>usingnamespacestd;classPoint//{public

doublex,Point(doublea,double{x=a;y=}double{returnx;}doublegetY(){returnclass{

Pointp1,p2;//Point对象做组员doublelength,angle;Line(doublea,doubleb,doublec,doubled):p1(a,b),p2(c,d)//{}Line(Pointa,Pointb)//{p1=a;p2=b;}voidinit()//x{doublex1=p1.getX(),y1=p1.getY();doublex2=p2.getX(),y2=length=sqrt((x1-x2)*(x1-x2)+(y1-y2)*(y1-y2));angle=atan((y2-y1)/(x2-x1));angle=angle}void{cout<<"("<<p1.getX()<<","<<p1.getY() ("<<p2.getX()p2.getY()<<")"<<}void{cout<<"线段长度：length}void{cout<<"x轴的夹角：angle°}classRectangle:public{

LineRectangle(doublea,doubleb,doublec,doubled,doublee,doublef,doubledouble{line=new}Rectangle(Pointa,Pointb,Pointc,Pointd)Line(a,b)//4{line=newLine(c,}void{}void{

cout<<"4个顶点:\n";line-Pointp1(0,0),p2(4,3),p3(12,89),p4(10,-LineLinel2(p1,p2);RectangleRectangler2(p1,p2,p3,p4);}#includeiostream#include<cmath>usingnamespacestd;classPoint//点类{intx, classCircularpublicPoint//{doubler, Circular(inta,int{x=a;y=r=sqrt(x*x+y*y);area=3.1415926*r*}void{cout<<"圆形直角坐标：xy<<")"<<}void{cout<<"圆的半径:"<<r<<}void{cout<<"圆的面积:"<<area}void{Circularc(10,25);}#includeiostream#include<cmath>usingnamespacestd;classLine//{double {cout<<"输入线段的长度：endl;}Line(double{sizeA=}double{return}classTriangle:publicLine//{doublesizeB, {cout<<"输入线段长度：endl;sizeC=sqrt(sizeB*sizeB+sizeA*sizeA}void{cout<<"cout<<"A:"<<sizeA<<",b:"<<sizeB<<",C:"<<sizeC<<}classRectanglepublicTriangle//{double {sizeC=sizeA;sizeD=}void{sizeD<<}

cout<<"cout<<"A:"<<sizeA<<",b:"<<sizeB<<",C:"<<sizeC<<",D:void{ Line*l=newcout<<"线段长度为l->getLength()<</*Triangle*t=newTriangle();Rectangle*r=newRectangle();}[color=#FF0000]第七章1.A;2.A;3.B;4.D;rbegin(),insert(iteratorit,constT&)；2.size(),2;3.typedefvector<>::reverse_iteratorTgetx(){return}PointintLinea，bint#include<iostream>usingnamespacestd;class{Tx, Point(Ta,T{x=a;y=}void{cout<<"x="<<x<<",y="<<y<<}classRectangle:public{public

Th,Rectangle(Ta,Tb,Tc,Td):Point(a,{h=c;w=}void{cout<<"x="<<x<<",y="<<y<<";h="<<h<<",w="<<w<<}void{ a(3, b(5.1,6.2,7.3,8.4); &rab;// *p&b;//子类对象的地址，赋给指向父类的指针 *pb&b;//pba=b; }//1346.3#include<iostream>usingnamespace class{ Tx,Point(Ta=0,T{x=a;y=}void{cout<<"x="<<x<<",y="<<y<<} classLine_1publicPoint//Point类模板,{public:

Tx1,Line_1(Ta,Tb,Tc,Td):Point(a,{x1=c;y1=}Line_1(constLine_1&复制构造函数voidshow(){cout<<"("<<x<<","<<y<<");("<<x1<<","<<y1<<")"<<} ::Line_1(constLine_1&t):Point(t.x,{x1=t.x1;y1=} classLine_2point{ p1, Line_2(Ta,Tb,Tc,T{p1.x=a;p1.y=b;p2.x=c;p2.y=}Line_2(constLine_2 voidshow(){cout<<"("<<p1.x<<","<<p1.y<<");("<<p2.x<<","<<p2.y<<")"<<} ::Line_2(constLine_2&{p1=t.p1;p2=}void{ cout<<"L1: L2(L1);用现有的对象，初始化新对象cout<<"L2:";L2.show(); cout<<"J1: cout<<"J2:";J2.show();}先对数组进行升序排列，再使用它产#include<iostream>#include<vector>#include<algorithm>usingnamespacestd;voidmain(){inta[]=sort(a,a+10);//先对数组进行升序排序copy(a,a+10,ostream_iterator(cout,"cout<<endl; pa(a,a+10);//reverse_copy(pa.begin(),pa.end(),ostream_iterator(cout,"cout<<"\ncapacitypa.capacity()endl;//capacity()}[color=#F70909]第八章A;printvoidprint(base&{}#include<iostream>usingnamespacestd;classbase{inti;intj;base(intI,intJ):{}intgetI(){return}intgetJ(){return}voiddisplay(){cout<<"i="<<i<<'\t'<<"j="<<j<<}classderived:public{intk;derived(intI,intJ,intK):base(I,J),{}voiddisplay(){cout<<"i="<<getI()<<'\t'<<"j="<<getJ()<<'\t'<<"k="<<k<<endl;cout<<"i+k="<<(getI()+k)<<'\t'<<"j+k="<<(getJ()+k)<<endl;}void{baseb3(8,derivedd1(10,20,}[color=#FF0000]第九章[/color]一、单选1.B;2.A;3.C;4.B5.Dofstream#include<iostream>#include<iomanip>usingnamespacestd;void{cout<<scientific<<showpos;cout<<-25.89F<<"";cout<<25.89f<<}class{friendostream&operator<<(ostream&os,Fun{returnos;;}void{Funcout<<setfill('*')<<setw(10)<<12345<<"";cout<<fun<<setw(10)<<54321<<endl;}#include<iostream>#include<string>usingnamespacestd;class{privatepublic

stringname;floatscore;Student(stringn,floats){name=n;score=}string{return}float{return}void{Students1("liming",Students2("sdfh",Students3("vn.fy",Students4("cnbtrt",Students5("ryuety", cout<<left<<"姓名"<<right<<"分数"<<endl; cout<<left<<s1.getName()<<right<<s1.getScore()<<endl; cout<<left<<s2.getName()<<right<<s2.getScore()<<endl; cout<<left<<s3.getName()<<right<<s3.getScore()<<endl; cout<<left<<s4.getName()<<right<<s4.getScore()<<endl; cout<<left<<s5.getName()<<right<<s5.getScore()<<}#include<iostream>#include<fstream>usingnamespacestd;voidmain(){char*p={"C++程序设计"};ofstreammyFile("Worl9_5_2.txt");myFile<<}#include<iostream>#include<fstream>#include<cmath>#include<vector>#include<iomanip>#include<string>usingnamespacestd;class{doublesizeA,sizeB,sizeC,area;voidsetArea(){doublep=(sizeA+sizeB+sizeC)area=sqrt(p*(p-sizeA)*(p-sizeB)*(p-sizeC)}voidsetSizeA(double{sizeA=}voidsetSizeB(double{sizeB=}voidsetSizeC(double{sizeC=}void //*//*参 ：向量对象的引//*返回 ：//*功 ：为向量赋值并将向量存入文voidTriangle:: &v{Trianglet;doublea,b,c;{if(a1)//结束符为-{ofstreamwriteFile;charcout<<"保存到文献：fileNameendl;{cout<<"没有对的建立文献！endl;}for(inti=0;i<v.size();writeFile<<v[i].sizeA<<""<<v[i].sizeB<<""<<v[i].sizeC<<"v[i].area<<cout<<"一共写入v.size()个三角形信息endl;}cin>>b;cin>>c;if(a>0&&b>0&&c>0&&a+b>c&&a+c>b&&b+c>a{}

cout<<"不能构成三角形，重新输入}}void{ Triangletriangle;}#includeiostream#include<fstream>#include<cmath>#include<vector>#includeiomanip>#include<string>usingnamespacestd;class{doublesizeA,sizeB,sizeC,area;voidsetArea(){doublep=(sizeA+sizeB+sizeC)area=sqrt(p*(p-sizeA)*(p-sizeB)*(p-sizeC)}voidsetSizeA(double{sizeA=}voidsetSizeB(double{sizeB=}voidsetSizeC(double{sizeC=}void //*//*参 ：向量对象的引//*返回 ：//*功 ：为向量赋值并将向量存入文voidTriangle::set(vector &v){Trianglet;doublea,b,c;{if(a1)//结束符为-{ofstreamwriteFile;charcin>>fileName;cout<<"保存到文献：fileNameendl;{cout<<"没有对的建立文献！endl;}for(inti=0;i<v.size();writeFile<<v[i].sizeA<<""<<v[i].sizeB<<""<<v[i].sizeC<<"v[i].area<<cout<<"一共写入v.size()<<"个三角形信息endl;}if(a>0&&b>0&&c>0&&a+b>c&&a+c>b&&b+c>a{}

cout<<"不能构成三角形，重新输入}}void{ Triangletriangle;}TESTTEST1usingnamespacevoid{ifstreamtxt1("TEST.txt");ofstreamtxt2("TEST1.txt");charc;{cout<<"文献打不开endl;}{cout<<"没有对的建立文献endl;}{{}cout<<c;//txt2<<c;//TEST1.txt}}“text”的磁盘文献中保存。输入的字符串以“$#includeiostream#include<fstream>usingnamespacestd;voidmain(){charofstreamwriteFile("text.txt");inti;{if(a[0]=='$')i=0;while(a[i]!={if(a[i]>=65&&a[i]<=90)a[i]=a[i]+32;}writeFile<<a<<"}}[color=#FF0000]第十章1.D;2.A;3.B;我觉得应当是，类的组员有（数据组员）和（组员函数）取消设计实例中的Cow属性，练习使用模板实现包含的设计办法。 <iostream>#include<cmath>usingnamespacestd;//*Pointclass{Tx,y;Point(Ta=0,Tb=0):x(a),y(b){}Point(Point&a){x=a.x;y=}voidTDistance(Point&);TgetX(){returnx;}TgetY(){returny;}/