重难点40短文填空之选词填空-2023年中考英语【热点·重点·难点】专练(全国通用)(原卷版)

专项五中考题型重难点40短文填空之选词填空 短文选词填空题型满分技巧 1.跳过空格，速读全文，把握大意短文填空题的正确答题流程应该为：粗读全文，细读全文并完成每道题目的作笞复读检查。在粗读阶段，大家应学会无视短文填空题中的空格，直接获取整篇短文的主要信息，以便后续作答环节利用整篇文章的主旨辨别错误选项。2.细读全文，瞻前顾后，各个击破在细读阶段，大家首先应从语法角度直接对题目进行判断。若无法确定答案，则应联系该空格的前后文，获得该题目的提示信息，逐一完成作答,短文填空题的解答最好按前后顺序完成，当后部题目的解笞面临困扰时，大家可再次精读前文，寻找线索，最终正确作答。热点话题短文热衷话题有：社会热点、科技、循环利用、日常生活、健康等。短文填词答题技巧口诀空前空后要注意，名词单复要牢记。要有’s不能弃。动词注意要变形，＂皇帝＂、＂大臣＂要分清。形、副注意要用三级，副词用法要谨记。要用数词请留意，千万别忘＂基＂和＂序＂。填入代词需慎重，五格变化记心中。选词填空是指把一篇文章的关键词语挖空，词序打乱，让学生根据短文内容选择正确的词语填空。此类题型主要是要求学生在正确理解和把握文章的基础上，通过分析行文线索来填写空缺单词，补全短文。中考英语试卷中，短文题材非常广泛，可以是科普文、故事、体育甚至文化习俗等、不过、所选的文章，一般都是大家比较熟悉的材料。选词填空题考查学生对备选词的掌握及对语法的运用能力。做题时要根据句子结构确定句中所缺词的词性，然后结合句意及备选词即可得出答案。典例解析(2020·辽宁抚顺本溪辽阳)other

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theyDuringMay,mostplacesinChinaarewarm.ButMountQomolangmaisstill___1___andcoveredwithsnow.Atthistime,agroupofChineseclimbersareclimbingthehighestmountainintheworld.Theyaregoingtomeasure（测量）the___2___ofthemountain.Infact,Chinaalreadymeasuredtheheightofthemountainin1975（8,848.13meters）and2005（8,844.43meters）.Buttheheightcan___3___asEarth’splates（板块）move.Astechnologyimproves,peoplewanttogetmoreexactnumbers.___4___,measuringitsheightisnoteasy.Thetemperaturethereis-29℃,fourdegreeslowerthanthatinAntarctica（南极）.Thesnowthereis4-5metersthickandstrongwindsblowallthetime.Climbershavetocarryscientificinstrumentstotheworld'srooftop（屋脊）.Theycollectdata（数据）___5___thetopofthemountain.Afterthatscientistsstudythedataandcalculate（计算）theheightofthemountain.Todealwiththedifficultconditions,teammembersstartedtraininginJanuary.Theyhavetosleepin___6___tentstokeepwarm.Tosavefreshwater,climbers___7___takeashowerorwashfaces.Asforfood,theyhavethreedishesandsoupforeachmeal.Itiseasytokeepmeatfreshinsucha___8___temperature.Thoughtherearealsosome___9___difficultiesthatwecannotthinkof,themountainis

____10____measuring.Anexactmeasurementcanhelptostudytheplatemovementsothatscientistscanwarnpeoplethecomingoftheearthquakes.【短文大意】这是一篇记叙文，文章讲述5月份珠穆朗玛峰仍然很冷覆盖着雪，但是一群登山者爬上珠穆朗玛峰去测量山的高度，尽管有很多困难，但是测量是非常有价值的。准确的测量能帮助研究板块运动以便于科学家警告人们地震的到来。【答案解析】1．句意：但是珠穆朗玛峰仍然很冷覆盖着雪。根据“coveredwithsnow”可知此处用形容词cold作表语，表示虽然五月，但是珠穆朗玛峰仍然“很冷”。故答案为cold。2．句意：他们将测量山的高度。定冠词the后面用名词；根据动词measure和mountain以及后文“Chinaalreadymeasuredtheheightofthemountain”可知此处用名词height表示“高度”。故答案为height。3．句意：但是高度会随着地球板块的移动而变化。情态动词can后用动词原形；根据“asEarth’splatesmove”可知此处用动词change表示“变化”。故答案为change。4．句意：然而，测量高度不是那么容易的。此处表示转折，用however表示“然而”,句首首字母h大写。故答案为However。5．句意：他们在山顶收集数据。此处用介词短语onthetopof表示“在山的顶部”。故答案为on。6．句意：他们不得不睡在他们的帐篷里来保暖。名词tents前面用形容词，此处根据they可知用形容词性物主代词their表示“他们的帐篷”。故答案为their。7．句意：为了节省淡水，爬山的人很少洗澡或洗脸。根据“Tosavefreshwater”为了节省水，洗澡和洗脸是很少的，用频度副词seldom。故答案为seldom。8．句意：在这么低的温度下保存肉的新鲜是很容易的。根据前文“Thetemperaturethereis-29℃”可知温度很低，温度用高低（high/low）来形容，用形容词low做定语。故答案为low。9．句意：尽管还有一些其他的我们不能想象的困难，这座山值得被测量。此处用someother+复数名词，表示“一些其他的困难”。故答案为other。10．句意：尽管还有一些其他的我们不能想象的困难，这座山值得被测量。根据“Anexactmeasurementcanhelptostudytheplatemovementsothatscientistscanwarnpeoplethecomingoftheearthquakes”准确的测量能帮助研究板块运动以便于科学家警告人们地震的到来。可知山值得被测量，用beworthdoing表示“值得做某事”。故答案为worth。（2022·江苏苏州·统考中考真题）请认真阅读下面短文，从方框中选择适当的单词或短语，在横线上填入其正确形式。每个单词或短语仅用一次。dish

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sothatMomoftensays,“Cookingisanimportantskill,anditcanbefun!”ButIhadnointerestincookingatall___1___Imetwithacookingapp（应用软件）.Therearedifferentkindsofrecipes（菜谱）intheapp.Theyofferdetailedinstructions___2___userscanfollowthemstepbystep.Mostofthemevenincludephotosorvideos,whicharequiteusefulforbeginners.Lastweek,Ipickedupapopularrecipetocookfish.WhenI___3___,itwasexactlywhatIwantedandtasteddelicious.ThenItriedmorerecipes.NowIcancookacoupleof___4___.IfindcookingisgreatfunanditseemsthatI___5___cooking.Myplanistoinvitemyfriendsovernextweekendandshowthemmynewskills.Ihopetheywilllikemycooking.（2022·浙江宁波·统考中考真题）用方框中所给单词的适当形式填空，每词仅用一次(每空一词)。happen

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muchLaughterisgoodforyou,andthat’snojoke!Agoodlaughhelpsyourightaway.Whenyoulaugh,changes___6___inyourbody.Forexample,youtakein___7___airthanusual,whichisgoodforyourheart.Agoodlaughincreasesyourheartrate.Whenyoulaugh,yourbrainalsoreleases(释放)chemicalsthatmakeyoufeelhappy.Laughingcanalsomakeyoufeelrelaxedforupto45minutes.Laughtercan___8___reducepain.Youprobablydon’twanttochuckle(偷笑)whenyou’rehurt,butlaughterhelpsthebodymakeitsown___9___medicine.Laughingisalsogreatexercise!Research___10___thatlaughing100timesisasgoodasridingabikefor15minutes.Sowhydon’tyoutrylaughingoutloudeveryday?（2022·上海·统考中考真题）选择最恰当的选项填入空格，每空格限填一词，每词只能填一次（A）A．award

B．pleased

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D．nature

E.tidyLastmonth.GeorgeandSophiedesignedacommunityprogramme.Aftertheactivity,thecommunitycentregavethemaspecial___11___forwhattheyhaddone.Theideacametothemonedayastheywerewalkinghomefromschoolthroughthepark.Theynoticedthattherewasalotof___12___onthegrassandbythelake.Theparkdidn'tlookcleanor___13___,sotheydecidedtoplanacommunityclean-upday.Theyaskedlocalpeopletocomeandhelpclearawayalltherubbish.Peopleinthecommunitywerevery___14___tohearabouttheplanasitcouldmakeacleanerneighbourhood.（B）A．inall

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E.breathedInordertomakeitconvenientforpeopletojointhem,they___15___aSundayfortheactivity.Thentheycontactedthecommunitycentretoaskforrubbishbagsforthework.Afterthat.they___16___posterstothehousesnearthepark.Theyalsoputupsomepostersintheirschool.Thatday,morepeoplecamethanexpected-eighty-sixvolunteers___17___.Somewerefromthelocalcommunityandothersfromtheschool.Eventouristscametohelp.Onefamilywas___18___intheareaandtheytookpartintheactivityafterseeingtheposters.Itwasasuccessfulday!（2022·河南·统考中考真题）阅读短文，从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空，使短文通顺、意思完整。每空限填一词，每词限用一次。child

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theyHandwashingwithsoapcanreduce(减少)illnesses.Oneoftheeasiest____19____tostopthespreadofillnessistowashyourhands.Butmanychildrenhaven’t____20____therighthabitofhandwashing.Childrendonotwash____21____handsoftenenoughorlongenough.It’ssuchasimplehabit,butthechildrenaren’tdoingit.Issarandhisfrienddecidedto____22____theproblemusingafunmethod.TheytriedmanytimesandcreatedatoolcalledSoapen.Itturnedhandwashing____23____afunactivity.Asthenamesuggests,Soapenisapen____24____ismadeoutofsoap.ThechildrendrawonhandswiththeSoapenandthenwashthedrawingoff.Thecolorswillremainonthechildren’shands____25____theydon’tspendenoughtimewashingthemoff.Itisvery____26____forateacherinaclassroom.Afterall,notalltheteachershavethetimetomakeeach____27____washhishandsproperly.“Childrenwashhandsmuch____28____thanbeforenowbecausetheylikedrawingonhands.Soapendoeshelpchildrenmakeagoodhabitofhandwashing,”saidIssar.（2022·湖北黄石·统考中考真题）从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空，使短文完整、通顺。每空不超过两个词。proud

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howWhenthemovieLeapwasputonatcinemasonSept.25,2020,itreceivedalotofpraisefromthewholecountry.ThemovieshowsthespiritoftheChinesewomen’svolleyballplayersand____29____journeytobecominganexcellentvolleyballteam.Inordertostandontheworld’s____30____podium(领奖台),thegirlsofthewomen’svolleyballteamworkeddayandnighttopractice.Finally,theybecamethegoldmedal(金牌)ownersandthe____31____oftheChinesepeople.However,theroadtothechampionship(冠军称号)____32____withtearsandsweats(汗水).Theyfellmanytimesandclimbed____33____againandagaintoachievethefinalsuccess.“Withoutgoingthroughthewindandrain,____34____canweseetherainbow(彩虹)?Noonecansucceed____35____.”Thegirlsalwayskeepthesewords____36____mind.Over40yearsofupsanddowns,theyhavegraduallybecomealegend(传奇)oftheworldvolleyballsport.____37____thecountryandnevergivinguparethekeystotheirsuccess.ThatiswhatthefilmLeapwantsus____38____forever.（2022·湖北随州·统考中考真题）从方框中选择适当的单词，并用其适当的形式完成短文，每词只能用一次，每空一词。good

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inHowILearnedtoLearnEnglishLastyear,IdidnotlikemyEnglishclass.Everyclasswaslikeabaddream.Theteacherspokeso____39____thatIdidnotunderstandhermostofthetime.Iwasafraidtoaskquestionsbecauseofmypoorpronunciation.Ijust____40____behindmytextbookandneversaidanything.ThenonedayIwatchedanEnglishmoviecalledToyStony.Ifell____41____lovewiththisexcitingandfunnymovie!SoIbegantowatchotherEnglishmovies,too.____42____Icouldnotunderstandeverythingthecharacterssaid,theirbodylanguageandtheexpressionsontheir____43____helpedmetogetthemeaning.Ialso____44____Icouldgetthemeaningbylisteningforjustthekeywords.MypronunciationimprovedaswellbylisteningtotheconversationsinEnglishmovies.Idiscoveredthatlisteningtosomething____45____isthesecrettolanguagelearning.Ialsolearned____46____sentenceslike“It’sapieceofcake”or“Itserveryouright”.Ididnotunderstandthesesentencesatfirst.ButbecauseIwantedtounderstandthestory,Ilooked____47____upinadictionary.NowIreallyenjoymyEnglishclass.IwanttolearnnewwordsandmoregrammarsothatIcanhavea____48____understandingofEnglishmovies.（2022·湖南郴州·统考中考真题）从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空，使短文完整、通顺（每空一词，每词限用一次）。he

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adviceOnceuponatime,therewasashepherd.Hekeptmanysheep.____49____thedaytime,heherded(放牧)themoutside;atnight,hedrovethemintothesheepfold(羊圈)whichwasenclosedbydrygrassandpegs.Onemorning,theshepherd____50____toherdthesheepandfoundonesheeplost.Hethenfoundthatthesheepfoldhadbeenbrokenandtherewasabig____51____.“Thewolfmusthavestolenthesheepthroughthehole.”Hethought.“You’dbetter____52____thesheepfoldandmendtheholeassoonaspossible.”Theneighboradvisedhim.“Thesheephasbeenlost.It’snouserepairingthesheepfold.”Hedidn’ttaketheneighbor’skind____53____.Thenextmorning,hewenttoherdandfound_____54_____sheeplost.“Thewolfhaddoneitagain!”Theshepherdwasveryangry.Butthistime,heregrettednottaking____55____neighbor’sadviceandnottakingactionintime.Hemendedtheholesoon,andmadethewholesheepfold____56____thanbefore.Fromthenon,hissheepdidn’tgetstolenanymore.Theshepherdwassmart____57____topreventsheepfrombeingstolenbymendingtheholeofthesheepfold.Whatwouldyoudo____58____youmadeamistakeordidsomethingwrong?Dosomethingtomakeitup,justasthesayinggoes,“Betterlatethannever!”（2022·四川资阳·统考中考真题）从方框中选择单词，并用其正确形式填空。每词限用一次。country

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decideAsaChinese,yousingorhearthenationalanthem(国歌)MarchoftheVolunteersmanytimes.Butdoyou____59____knowhowitwasborn?____60____1931,September18Incident(九·一八事变)tookplace.ManyChinesepeoplewantedtofightagainstJapaneseinvasion(侵略)andsavethe____61____.In1934,TianHan____62____towriteafilmscript(剧本)towakeupmorepeople.Unluckily,just____63____hefinishedonestoryandthelyrics(歌词)ofasongforit,hewasputintoprisonbyKMT(国民党).Then,NieErofferedtowritemusicforthe____64____.Whenheread“Arise,youwhorefusetobeslaves.Withourfleshandblood,letusbuildour____65____GreatWall...Marchon!Marchon!Marchon!On!”,hefeltexcited.Heseemedto____66____thecallofthemothercountryandtheangerofChinesenation.Quickly,hefinishedthemusic.Asongto____67____ChinesespiritandChineseunity(团结)wasbornin1935.OnOctober1,1949,MarchoftheVolunteers,as____68____nationalanthem,wassungonTian’anmenSquareforthefirsttime.（2022·四川成都·统考中考真题）clear

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wellWhentheothermodelsappearedonthestage,theaudiencecheeredandclapped.ThenitwasNiu’sturn.Theaudiencesuddenlybecame__69__.However,afterfourorfiveseconds,Niu__70__heardsomeonenexttothestagesayinadmiration,“Socool!”NiuYu,24,becamea(n)__71__staratShanghaiFashionWeekforherconfidence,eventhoughshewaswearingaprostheticleg.WhenNiuwasonly11,she__72__lostherrightlegduringtheWenchuanEarthquake.Niuhaswonlotsofpraise.Thisgivesthosewhohaveprejudice(偏见)againstthedisabledahitonthenose.“I__73__bysomethingtheysaid.Theysaidthetraditionalviewwasthatsportswereforpeoplewith__74__legs,butsportsshouldbeakindofspirit.EventhoughIhavelostaleg,Istilldeeplylovesportsandwilldosoforever,”Niusaid.Actually,Niufirstdrewthepublic'sattentionwhenshe__75__amarathon—a42-kilometerracein2018,whichwasheldinWenchuantomarkthe__76__anniversary(周年纪念)oftheearthquake.Now,Niuworksasaphotographerandhasmorethan850,000__77__onsocialplatforms,suchasDouyin.“IfeelIhaveasocialresponsibilitytobridgethedisabledandthepublic.Showingmylifetothepubliccanallowthemto___78___understandourgroupandcanalsotellotherdisabledpeoplethatoursocietyismoretolerant(宽容)thantheyimagined,”sheexplained.（2022·四川泸州·统考中考真题）通读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从短文后面的括号内选出可以填入短文空格处的词，并将该词的字母代号（不写出该词）填写在答题卡相应的位置上。Nightcame,noisescalmeddownandtheMexicansportscenteroftheOlympicsstoodquietindarkness.Greenspan,theworldfamousreporter,foundthecenter___79___aftermakingthesceneswherethemarathon（马拉松）winnersreceivedthemedalsandmarkedthevictory.Itwastimeforhimtoreturntothehotelforarest.Hewasabouttoleavewhenhesuddenlysawabandagedmanranintothecenterwithhisright___80___bleeding.Thismanranlamely（一瘸一拐的）outofbreath,buthedidn’t___81___.Afterheranalongtherunwayforacircleandgottothe___82___,hefelldownontheground.Greenspanguessedthiswasamarathonrunner.Feelinginterested,hewentovertoaskwhytherunnerwantedtoruntothegoalwith___83___adifficulty.Theyoungman___84___KowarifromTanzaniareplied,“Thatmycountrysentmeherefrommorethan20,000kilometersisnottoletmegetoffthemarkinthecompetition,buttomakemecompletethegame.Iwanttoruntothegoal,___85___Ihavefallenbehindallotherrunners.Ihaveagreatgoal___86___them.Iwillruntothegoal.Thoughtheaudience（观众）won’tcheermeanymore,mymotherlandiswatchingme___87___frombehind…”TearswelledupinGreenspan’seyes.Soon,he___88___themosttouchingsceneinthehistoryoftheOlympicGamestoeverycorneroftheworld.（A．called

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naturalItwasnearlydark.Thesunwasgoingdown.Alittleboy,Mike,camebackhome____89____fromthemountain.“What’sthematter,Mike?”hismotherasked.“Themountainisso____90____andfullofbigorsmallstonesontheway.Iwasverytired,soIhadtoreturn,”Mikecried.“Itdoesn’tmatter.”hismothersaid.“Butstandingatthetopo