高考英语三轮冲刺提分练 组合练 第4练 阅读理解完形填空语法填空短文改错试题

阅读理解+完形填空+语法填空+短文改错Ⅰ.阅读理解Runnersneedtomove15percentfasteronatreadmill(跑步机)toburnthesamenumberofcaloriesasjoggingoutdoors，researchreveals.ResearchersfromMilanUniversityanalyzedthedifferencebetweenrunningoutdoorsandonatreadmillin15physicallyfitmaleswithanaverageageof21.Theparticipantscompletedasprint(短距离快速跑)for30secondsfollowedby30secondsofrecoveryforatotalof15minutesbothoutdoorsandonatreadmill.Oxygenuseandexerciseintensity(强度)weremeasuredafterbothtypesofrunning.ThefindingswerepublishedinthejournalofAppliedPhysiology，NutritionandMetabolism.Resultsrevealedthatwhenonatreadmill，runnersusesignificantlyloweramountsofoxygen，suggestinglesseffortisrequired.Therefore，runnersmustmove15percentfasteronatreadmilltoburnthesameamountofcaloriesasexercisingoutdoors，thestudystated.Thestudyauthorswrote，“A15percentincreaseinrunningspeedduringaperiodofstoppingandstartingofteninhighintensitytreadmilltrainingsessionisthebestpossiblesolutiontoreachingthesamephysiologicalresponsesasanoutdoortrainingsession.”Althoughthestudydidnotspeculate(推测)whytreadmillrunningappearstobeneedinglesseffortandenergy，previousresearchsuggeststhemovingbeltofatreadmillmovesjoggersforward，causingthemtomovefaster.Exercisingindoorsalsomeansgym­goersdonothavetodealwithsteephillsorwindresistance.MichaelSilverman，directorofrehabilitationandwellness(康复科)atNorthernWestchesterHospital，said，“Outdoors，youarechangingsurfacesconstantly，fightingthewind，andmakingquickandsuddenstartsandstops，whichallleadtoincreasedcaloricburn，”Shapemagazinereported.“Andwhilewedon’trecommendrunninginextremetemperatures，itisworthnotingthatyourbodyburnsextracaloriestoregulateyourbodytemperature，”hesays.1．Wherecanyoufindthespecificfindingsofthestudy?A．InParagraph2. B．InParagraph3.C．InParagraph4. D．InParagraph5.2．Whatcanweknowaboutthestudy?A．Itsparticipantswereall21yearsold.B．Ittookoxygenuseandexerciseintensityintoconsideration.C．Itrevealedwhytreadmillrunningconsumeslesscalories.D．Michaelisoneoftheresearchers.3．Whydoesrunningonatreadmillseemeasieraccordingtothestudy?A．Therunnersneedlessenergy.B．Therunnerscanusuallygetenoughoxygen.C．Theintensityofrunningonthetreadmillismorestable.D．Themovingbeltpushesjoggersforward.Ⅱ.完形填空(2018·山东滨州二模)IamsothankfulthatIhadtheopportunitytospreadalittleloveandkindnesstoday.Ihaddoctor’s4inatownthat’sabout45minutesfromwhereIlived.Afterbothmyappointmentswere5，Istartedwalkingawayfromthebuildingand6anelderlywomanstandingatthegateanxiously.I7myselfandaskedifshewaswaitingforsomeoneorsheneeded8.Asitturnedout，shewashaving9walkingthedistanceandhadaskedforawheelchairandastaffmemberto10herupbutnoonehadcomeyet.Virginiaheatwaskindtonoone，andIwas11forthisdearlady’shealth.Iaskedherto12whileIwenttogetherwheelchairmyself.Irantothehelpdeskandaskedfora13toassisttheladyoutside.Thereceptionistaskedme，“Isthelady14？”Iwasupsetatthequestionandanswered，“She’sabitlarge，Isuppose，butiftransportingherisa(n)15foryou，Iamwillingtodoitmyself.”Shelookedsortofshockedbymy16，butthewomanoutsideneededhelp，nomatterher17.ThehelpdeskwomanandIwalkedtotheendofthepassage(走廊)tothenowseatedlady.Helpdeskperson18herhandtohelpthelady，butshesaid“No，I’mfine.Iwanttograbontoher19help.”Shewastalkingaboutme.Ihelpedthewomanintothewheelchairbutfirstlockedthebrakessothatshewouldbe20.Aftershewasseated，shesoftly21meformyhelp.WhenIreturnedhome，whathappenedtometodaykeptgoingthroughmymindandremindedmehowmuchI22theopportunitytohelpthelady.Itgavemeasenseoffulfillmentanda23heart.4．A.calls B．ordersC．examinations D．appointments5．A.made B．doneC．arranged D．booked6．A.recognized B．knockedC．noticed D．greeted7．A.excused B．helpedC．expressed D．adjusted8．A.advice B．referenceC．treatment D．assistance9．A.pressure B．troubleC．danger D．fear10．A.pick B．getC．make D．keep11．A.ready B．responsibleC．thankful D．concerned12．A.help B．moveC．wait D．stand13．A.wheelchair B．carC．friend D．stranger14．A.heavy B．sickC．old D．weak15．A.business B．mistakeC．issue D．choice16．A.wisdom B．commentC．persuasion D．calmness17．A.shape B．ageC．character D．size18．A.gaveup B．reachedoutC．gaveout D．stuckto19．A.with B．byC．for D．about20．A.stronger B．steadierC．slower D．faster21．A.called B．beggedC．asked D．thanked22．A.appreciated B．neededC．expected D．found23．A.enjoyable B．familiarC．peaceful D．needyⅢ.语法填空(湖南三湘名校教育联盟高三模拟)HutongisakindofancienttypicalcitystreetinBeijing.24.(surround)theForbiddenCity，manywerebuiltduringtheYuan，MingandQing25.(dynasty)．Inordertoestablishthestrongestpowerforemperors，theroyalfamilyplannedthecityandarrangedtheresidentialareas(住宅区)．TheForbiddenCity—26.centeroftheBeijingcity，wastheroyalpalace.AttheendoftheQingdynasty，after27.(close)Chinacameundertheinfluencefromabroad，manyoldhutongslosttheirformerneat28.(arrange)．AfterthefoundingofthePeople’sRepublicofChinain1949，theconditionsofhutong29.(improve)．Butinrecentyears，thehousesinmanyhutongshavebeenpulleddownandthenreplaced30.modernbuildings.Andthehutongstodayarefadingintotheshadeforbothtourists31.localpeople.However，intheurbandistrictofBeijing，hutongsstilloccupyonethirdofthetotalarea,32.(provide)housingforhalfpopulation，somanyhutongs33.(survive)theseyears.Inthisrespect，weseeBeijingasanancientyetmoderncity.Ⅳ.短文改错(2018·山东济南二模)ThiswinterholidaymyclassmatesandIgototheSunshineWelfareHouseforvoluntarywork.Afterwewentthere，wetalkedabouthowwecoulddoforthekidsoverthephone.Thenextday，wearrivedattherewithgiftswehadprepared，andwereceivedawarmlywelcome.Thenwebegantoplaywiththem.Idrewpicturewiththeolderkids，andmyclassmatestoldstoriestotheyoungones.Wespentthewholeafternoonwiththem，talkedandlaughing.Itwasgettinglate.Wewavedgoodbyetohimandfeltdelightedtoabletoaccompanythosechildren.答案解析Ⅰ.语篇解读本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了在跑步机上跑步比在户外跑步更省力，因此其健身效果不如在户外跑步好。1．B[细节理解题。题干问及你能在哪里找到这项研究的具体发现。根据第三段第一句可知，研究成果发表在加拿大的《应用生理学、营养与代谢》杂志上；而第三段后边的内容讲述的正是这项研究的具体发现。故选B。]2．B[细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句“Oxygenuseandexerciseintensity(强度)weremeasuredafterbothtypesofrunning.”可知，在这项研究中，氧气使用量和运动强度都被考虑在内。故选B。]3．D[细节理解题。根据题干中的“runningonatreadmillseemeasier”定位到倒数第二段的“themovingbeltofatreadmillmovesjoggersforward，causingthemtomovefaster”，由此可知，跑步机的传送带带动慢跑者向前移动，从而使他们跑得更快、更省力。故选D。]Ⅱ.语篇解读本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述的是作者在医院帮助一位老人的故事。作者很感激有机会传递一点爱和善良。4．D[call电话；order命令；examination检查；appointment约定。根据“Ihaddoctor’sinatownthat’sabout45minutesfromwhereIlived.”可知，我在一个离我住的地方大约45分钟车程的小镇上预约了医生。故选D。]5．B[make制造；do做，完成；arrange安排；book预定。根据“Afterbothmyappointmentswere，Istartedwalkingawayfromthebuilding...”可知，在预约结束后，我开始从大楼里走出来……。故选B。]6．C[recognize认识；knock敲，碰击；notice注意到；greet问候。我开始从大楼里走出来，注意到一位老妇人焦急地站在门口。故选C。]7．A[excuse原谅；help帮助；express表达；adjust调整。根据“Imyselfandaskedifshewaswaitingforsomeoneorsheneeded.”可知，我说打扰了，问她是否在等人……。故选A。]8．D[advice建议；reference参考；treatment治疗，对待；assistance帮助。我问她是否在等人，或者她需要帮助。故选D。]9．B[根据该空后的“...hadaskedforawheelchair...”可知，她走这段路有困难，所以要求坐轮椅。故选B。]10．A[picksb.up接载某人。根据该空前的astaffmember可知，老妇人要坐轮椅，所以还需要一名工作人员来接她。]11．D[ready准备好的；responsible负责任的；thankful感谢的；concerned牵挂的。根据“Virginiaheatwaskindtonoone，andIwasforthisdearlady’shealth.”可知，弗吉尼亚州的炎热对任何人都不友好，我很担心这位亲爱的女士的健康。故选D。]12．C[help帮助；move移动；wait等待；stand站立。根据“IaskedhertowhileIwenttogetherwheelchairmyself.”可知，我请她等着，我去给她要轮椅。故选C。]13．A[wheelchair轮椅；car小汽车；friend朋友；stranger陌生人。根据“Irantothehelpdeskandaskedforatoassisttheladyoutside.”可知，我跑到服务台，要了一个轮椅来帮助外面的女士。故选A。]14．A[heavy重的；sick生病的；old老的；weak虚弱的。根据常识以及作者的回答“She’sabitlarge，Isuppose，butiftransportingherisa(n)foryou，Iamwillingtodoitmyself.”可知，接待员问的是“那位女士重吗？”故选A。]15．C[business生意；mistake错误；issue问题；choice选择。根据下文的“Iamwillingtodoitmyself.”可知，作者说的是：如果运送她对你来说是个问题的话，我愿意自己去做。可知选C。]16．B[wisdom智慧；comment评论；persuasion劝说；calmness冷静。根据上文和常识可知，作者这样说，让对方感到很吃惊。故选B。]17．D[shape形状；age年龄；character性格；size大小。根据上文可知，对方询问女士的体重，作者说她体形有点大。可知此处指她的体形大小。故选D。]18．B[giveup放弃；reachout伸出；giveout分发；stickto坚持。根据“Helpdeskpersonherhandtohelpthelady，”可知，是伸手去帮助那位女士，故选B。]19．C[根据“butshesaid‘No，I’mfine.Iwanttograbontoherhelp.’”可知，咨询台的人伸出手去帮助那位女士，但那位女士不想让作者帮忙而是想抓住作者的手让她帮忙。故选C。]20．B[stronger更强壮的；steadier更稳定的；slower更慢的；faster更快的。根据“Ihelpedthewomanintothewheelchairbutfirstlockedthebrakessothatshewouldbe.”可知，我帮助那位女士坐上了轮椅，但首先锁住了刹车，这样她就能更稳当了。故选B。]21．D[call打电话；beg祈求；ask问；thank感谢。根据“Aftershewasseated，shesoftlymeformyhelp.”可知，在她坐好后，她温柔地感谢我的帮助。故选D。]22．A[appreciate欣赏，感激；need需要；expect期盼；find发现。根据下文的描述可知，此处表示作者感激有机会帮助这位女士。故选A。]23．C[enjoyable快乐的；familiar熟悉的；peaceful和平的，平静的；needy贫穷的。根据“Itgavemeasenseoffulfillmentandaheart.”可知，它给了我一种成就感和一颗平静的心。故选C。]Ⅲ.eq\x(语篇解读胡同是老北京的重要标志之一。本文介绍了北京胡同的历史以及发展现状等。)24．Surrounding[考查非谓语动词。many和surround之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，故用现在分词作状语。]25．dynasties[考查名词的用法。根据句意可知，此处指元、明、清三个朝代，故用复数形式。]26．the[考查冠词的用法。此处特指“北京市的中心”，故用定冠词the。]27．closed[考查形容词作定语。此处是说封闭的中国受到外国的影响。修饰名词Chin