Unit+3+Food+and+Culture+Reading+and+Thinking+课后练习题-高中英语人教版（2019）选择性必修第二册

ReadingandThinkingⅠ.单词拼写1.Canyouwritedownthe(食谱)forthedishsothatIcancookitathome?2.Hehashadanumberofdifferentjobs,rangingfrom(厨师)toswimminginstructor.3.Helen(把……切成薄片)thecake,givingeachoneashareatthebirthdaypartytheotherday.4.Hewasonlyfivefeetnine,the(最低的)heightforapoliceman.5.Hehasabad(脾气)andwillnotlistentoanybody,soyou’dbetternotstandinhispath.6.Enjoyingthelocal(菜肴)isoneofthedelightsoftheholidayabroad.Ⅱ.单句语法填空1.Theboyhasan(exception)talentformathematics.2.Hestrolledabout,lookingverycomfortableinhis(elegance)newsuit.3.Hewasadvisedtoreducehisalcohol(consume)consideringhishealthcondition.4.Allthedrawerswerestuffedlettersandpapers.5.Theairman(bold)jumpedfromtheairplanewithhisparachute.6.Somepeoplebecome(vegetable)becausetheybelievethatthiswillbenefittheirhealth.Ⅲ.单句写作1.在出发前三天打电话预订即可。Justphoneinyourorderthreedays.2.物质是由叫做分子的微粒组成的。Substancessmallparticlescalledmolecules.3.我昨晚的确给他打电话了,但没有接通。Ilastnight,butIdidn’tgetthrough.4.他站在那里,一句话也说不出来。Hestoodthere,.5.努力工作,你就有可能成功。youarelikelytosucceed.Ⅳ.阅读理解AJapanisanationthatappreciatesthevirtuesofsilenceandgoodmanners.Yet,whenitcomestoeatingnoodles,Japanesepeoplecanbetheloudestintheworld.Accordingtoalifestylewebsite,slurping(出声地吃或喝)wheneatingnoodlesisencouragedinJapaneseculture.It’sbelievedthattakingairintoyourmouthcanenhancetheflavorofthenoodlesandhelpcooldownthefood.It’salsoconsideredtobeawaytoshowappreciationforthedish.Sometimes,justmakingthenoisealoneseemstomakethenoodlesmoreenjoyable.Itwasnotuntilanewexpression—“noodleharassment”—cameoutonsocialmediathatJapanesepeoplestartedtorealizetheproblem.Theyfoundthattheslurpingnoisewasmakingsomeforeignvisitorsuncomfortable.Asaresponse,JapaneseinstantnoodlemakerNissinintroducedaso-callednoise-cancelingforklastmonth.Theforklookslikeanelectrictoothbrush.Itisconnectedwirelesslytoasmartphone.Whenthepersonusingtheforkstartstoslurp,theforkwillsendasignaltotheperson’sphone.Thenthephonewillplayasoundtomasktheslurpingnoise.Butisitreallynecessary?Diningtraditionsandtablemannersdovary.InIndia,peopleeatwiththeirhands.Theythinktheybuildaconnectionwiththefoodinthisway.However,peoplewhoareusedtoeatingwithforksmightfinditunacceptabletogettheirhandscoveredinoilorsauce.ButthiseatingmethodispartofIndia’sculture,justlikeJapan’sslurpingispartofitsown.“So,ifyouareeatingnoodles,pleaseslurpasyoulike,”wroteaJapanesefoodblogger.“Ifanyonegetsannoyedwhileyouaredoingthat,ignorethem.They’remissingthepointentirely.”1.Whichofthefollowingisnotthereasonforslurpingwheneatingnoodles?A.Showingloveforthenoodles.B.Improvingtheflavorofthenoodles.C.Showinggoodmanners.D.Addingtothepleasureofeatingnoodles.2.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“harassment”inparagraph3mean?A.Annoyance.B.Anxiety.C.Politeness. D.Appreciation.3.Howdoesthenoise-cancelingforkwork?A.Theforkremovestheslurpingnoise.B.Theforkcanbeusedasanelectrictoothbrush.C.Asmartphoneremindstheusertostopslurping.D.Asmartphonereceivesasignalfromtheforkandplaysasoundtohidethenoise.4.WhydoestheauthormentionpeopleinIndiainthispassage?A.TotellusthecultureofIndia.B.Toshowthatforksareunnecessary.C.Togiveanexampleofculturaldifferences.D.ToshowtheIndianwayofsolvingtheproblem.BAfterlab-grownmeat,areyougettingreadyforanimal-freecow’smilk?ASanFranciscostartupbelievesithasfoundasolution.Throughacombinationofyeast(酵母),cowDNAandplantnutrients,PerfectDayclaimstohavecreatedaproductidenticalintasteandnutritionalvaluetocow’smilk,butwithoutanycowsinvolved.Itwillsatisfyconsumerswholoveeatingdairyice-cream,cheeseandyoghurt,butloathefactory-stylefarminganditsenvironmentalfootprint.Salesofmilkalternativessuchassoy,coconutandmorerecentpeamilkareexpectedtobeontherise.Butuntilnowtheyhavenotcuttraditionalmilkanddairyproduction.“Thealternativesforyoghurt,cheeseandice-creamaresobadthatpeopledon’tevenwanttotrythem,”saysPerfectDayco-founderRyanPandya.Themissingingredientinplant-basedalternativesiscow’smilkproteins.Tomaketheanimal-freecow’smilk,PerfectDayputscowDNA—whichisreadilyavailablethankstodecadesofresearchbythedairyindustry—intoyeastandaddssugartocreatecow’smilkproteinsthroughfermentation(发酵).Thesemilkproteinsarethencombinedwithsugar,fatsandnutrientstocreatethefinalproduct.“We’retakingplantnutrientsandtransformingthemintoanimalproteinsthesamewaythatcowsdo,usingthesamemilkproteinsasfoundincow’smilk,butmuchmoreefficiently,becausewe’reusingayeastcellnotananimal,”saidPandya.Althoughcomparisonshavebeenmadewithlab-grownmeat,Pandyasaid,“Wearenotusingnoveltechnology.Manypeopleinitiallythinkitislikelabortest-tubemilk,butthat’swrong.Therearenotesttubesinourfermentationprocess.Themeatfolksaretryingtoinventtechnologythatdoesn’texisttoday,butourmilkismadethroughtechniquesthathavebeeninuseformorethanthreedecades.”5.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“loathe”meaninparagraph2?A.Ignore. B.Hate.C.Doubt. D.Tolerate.6.WhichofthefollowingispartofPerfectDay’smilk-makingprocess?A.MixingcowDNAwithyeastandsugar.B.Addingsugarandfatstoplantmilk.C.Mixingplantmilkwithcowmilk.D.AddingcowDNAtoplantmilk.7.HowisPerfectDay’smilkdifferentfrompeamilk?A.Itcostslessenergy.B.Itischeaperinprice.C.Ithascow’smilkproteins.D.Itcontainslesssugarandfats.8.WhatdoesPandyathinkoftheirproduct?A.Ittastesliketest-tubemilk.B.Itneedstobetestedfurther.C.Itiswell-receivedbygreenfoodlovers.D.Itisproducedwithexistingtechnology.CPizza:theWorld’sFavouriteFoodFood,andthewayweeatit,arealwayschanging.Associetydevelops,welearnnewwaysofgrowing,processingandcookingfood.Whatweate200yearsagowasverydifferentfromwhatweeattoday.Also,whenpeopletraveltoliveinothercountries,theytaketheirknowledgeofcookingwiththem.Andfoodmustfitmodernlifestylesandlocaltastes,too.Onefoodthathasdonethissuccessfullyispizza.ThepizzawerecognizetodayfirstappearedinItalyin1889.AfamousbakerfromNaplesmadeaspecialpizzafortheItalianroyalfamily.Hewasveryworriedtheywouldn’tlikeit,buttheydid.QueenMargheritalovedthedishsomuch,andthebakernameditafterher.Sincethen,thissimplemealofbread,cheese,andtomatohastraveledtheworld,andithasadaptedtolocalcultures.Thepizzabeganitsjourneyinthe1890s,whenmanyItaliansmovedtoNewYorkinsearchofabetterlife.Theretheycontinuedtomakepizzas,andthefirstpizzeriaopenedin1905.AtfirstitwasonlypopularwithItalians,butbythelate1940s,Americansdiscoveredatasteforit.Today,theyspend$37billionayearonpizzas.That’smorethan$100perAmerican!Thepizzacontinueditstravelsaroundtheworld,adaptingallthetime.InSweden,forexample,itisusualtohavebananasonpizzas.InBelgium,peopleeatchocolatepizzaswithmarshmallowsontop.Japanisanationofseafoodlovers,sonotsurprisingly,theyloveoctopusandsquid,aswellasroastedseaweed,toppings.Thepopularityofthepizzaisalsorelatedtoourchanginglifestyles.Intoday’ssuper-fastsociety,peopleoftendon’thavethetimeorenergytocook.So,theyordertake-outandveryoften,it’sapizza.Sometimesyoudon’tevenhavetopickitup;it’sdeliveredtoyourhome.Ifyoudon’tevenhavetimetositdown,buyasinglesliceandeatitstandingup!Thepizzahascomealongway.FromitsbeginningsinanItaliancity,ithasgrowntobecomeoneoftheworld’sfavoritefoods.9.Whatdidthepizzafirstappearas?A.Homemadewhitebread.B.Fastfoodfortravelers.C.Adishfortheroyalfamily.D.Apopularlocalfood.10.WhendidthepizzaarriveinNewYork?A.In1889. B.Inthe1890s.C.In1905. D.Inthe1940s.11.Inwhichcountrydopeoplelovepizzaswithbananasontop?A.Japan. B.Belgium.C.Sweden. D.Australia.12.Whatdoesthepassagemainlytellus?A.Howthepizzagetspopular.B.Whomadethefirstpizza.C.Howthepizzaismade.D.Wherethepizzacomesfrom.Ⅴ.七选五Cookingisoneofthemostpleasantandimportanthumanactivities.However,preparingmealsismoreofatroublenowthanawaytocelebratebeingalive.1Startwithaplan,whichyoucanfindonline.Choosewhicheverdayoftheweekwhichworksbestforyourscheduletobuygroceries,andusethatasyourstartingpointeachweek.Remember,itdoesn’thavetobeSundayorMonday.2Avoidingthetwodayswillsaveyouagreatamountoftimeandgasmoney.

3Withthisinmind,you’dbettercheckwhatyouhaveinthefridgeandusethoseasabasetoworkaroundfirsttopreventthemfromgoingbad!Saveyourweeklygrocerytripsforfreshstuffliketomatoes,eggs,andotherthingsthatwillgobadmorequickly.Makethemostofmoney.Buyingredients(原料)thatcanbeusedinmanymeals.4Plus,it’skindofafunpuzzletoseehowmanywaysyoucanuseoneingredient.Forexample,IloveLatinandAsianfoods,soIkeepthingslikerice,bellpeppers,garlic,andhotsauceonhandatalltimes.Cookwithothers.Whosaidyouhadtomakeallthepreparationsyourself?Getagroupoffriendstoeachmakeadifferentdish.You’lltrysomethingnewandgetmealinspirations.Thegoalhereistomakelifeeasier.5

A.Usefreshingredientsfirst.B.Trytoavoidwastingfood.C.Thetrafficistooheavyonthetwodays.D.Buyitemsyouoftenuseingreatamounts.E.Thiswillkeepyourtastesatisfiedandyourwallethappy.F.Andthatcangiveyouthefreedomofmindtoenjoyyourfood.G.Thankfully,therearelotsofsmallwaysyoucanmakecookingeasier.参考答案Ⅰ.1.recipe2.chef3.sliced4.minimum5.temper6.cuisineⅡ.1.exceptional2.elegant3.consumption4.with5.boldly6.vegetariansⅢ.1.priortodeparture2.consistof3.didcallhim4.unabletosayaword5.WorkhardandⅣ.【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了日本人吃面条发出吃喝声的这一文化现象以及产生的影响,告诉我们要尊重饮食文化的差异。1.C细节理解题。根据第二段的第二、三、四句可知,日本人吃面条喜欢发出声音是因为可以展示对面条的喜爱,提升面条的味道和增加吃面条的乐趣,只有C项“表现良好的举止”不属于其原因。故选C项。2.A词义猜测题。根据第三段最后一句可知,这种吃喝声已经影响到外国游客并让他们感觉不舒服。由此可推测出画线词有负面含义。结合四个选项可知,A项与harassment词义相近。故选A项。3.D细节理解题。根据第四段的第三、四、五句可知,消音叉的运作模式是:手机接收消音叉发出的信号,然后手机会播放声音去掩盖吃喝声,所以选项D符合题意。故选D项。4.C推理判断题。根据第五段内容可知,作者提及印度人的原因就是为了强调不同文化中饮食习惯和餐桌礼仪是有差异的,而这种差异是一种正常现象,所以C项“为了举一个文化差异的例子”符合题意。故选C项。【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一家旧金山的公司找到了创造无动物牛奶的解决方案,该方案不需要使用任何奶牛,就可以生产出营养价值与牛奶相同的产品。5.B词义猜测题。根据画线词所在的句子可知,此处前后是转折关系,前半句说消费者喜欢吃乳制品,所以后半句的画线词含义与前半句的love相反,即loathe意为“不喜欢,厌恶”,与B项意思相近。故选B项。6.A细节理解题。根据第四段中“Tomaketheanimal-freecow’smilk,...combinedwithsugar,fatsandnutrientstocreatethefinalproduct.”可知,要制成这种无动物的牛奶,需要将奶牛的DNA放入酵母中,再添加糖,使它们之间发生反应,最终才能制成产品。故选A项。7.C细节理解题。根据第四段第一、二句可知,这两种牛奶的区别在于PerfectDay的牛奶有牛奶蛋白。故选C项。8.D细节理解题。根据最后一段内容可知,这种无动物牛奶是使用三十多年前的技术制成的,也就是说使用的是现有的技术,而不是通过新技术制成的。故选D项。【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了比萨是如何流行起来的。9.C细节理解题。根据第二段中的“ThepizzawerecognizetodayfirstappearedinItaly