英文阅读分类专练及详解

科技类

（1）

Withonlyabout1,000pandasleftintheworld,Chinaisdesperatelytryingtoclone（克隆）

theanimalandsavetheendangeredspecies（物种）.That'samovesimilartowhataTexasA&M

Universityresearchershavebeenundertakingforthepastfiveyearsinaprojectcalled"Noah's

Ark”.

NoatTsArkisaimedatcollectingeggs,embryos（胚胎），semenandDNAofendangered

animalsandstoringtheminliquidnitrogen.Ifcertainspeciesshouldbecomeextinct,Dr.Duane

Kraemer,aprofessorinTexasA&M'sCollegeofVeterinaryMedicine,saystherewouldbe

enoughofthebasicbuildingblockstoreintroducethespeciesinthefuture.

Itisestimatedthatasmanyas2,000speciesofmammals,birdsreptileswillbecomeextinct

inover100years.Thepanda,nativeonlytoChina,isindangerofbecomingextinctinthenext25

years.

Thisweek,Chinesescientistssaidtheygrewanembryobyintroducingcellsfromadead

femalepandaintotheeggcellsofaJapanesewhiterabbit.Theyarenowtryingtoimplantthe

embryointoahostanimal.

Theentireprocedurecouldtakefromthreetofiveyearstocomplete.

“Thenucleartransfer（核子移植）ofonespeciestoanotherisnoteasy,andthelackof

available（capableofbeingused）pandaeggscouldbeamajorproblem,9,Kraemerbelieves."They

willprobablyhavetodoseveralhundredtransferstoresultinonepregnancy（havingababy）.It

takesalongtimeandit'sdifficult,butthiscouldbegroundbreakingscienceifitworks.Theyare

certainlynotputtinganylivepandasatrisk,soitisworththeeffort,addsKraemer,whoisoneof

theleadersoftheProjectatTexasA&M,thefirst-everattemptatcloningadog.

“Theyaretryingtodosomethingthat'sneverbeendone,andthisisverysimilartoourwork

inNoah'sArk.We'rebothtryingtosaveanimalsthatfaceextinction.Icertainlyappreciatetheir

effortandthere'salotwecanlearnfromwhattheyareattemptingtodo.It'saresearchthatisvery

muchneeded.^^

1.Theaimof"Noah'sArk,9projectisto.

A.makeeffortstoclonetheendangeredpandas

B.saveendangeredanimalsfromdyingout

C.collectDNAofendangeredanimalstostudy

D.transferthenuclearofoneanimaltoanother

2.AccordingtoProfessorKraemer,themajorproblemincloningpandaswouldbethelackof

A.availablepandaeggsB.hostanimals

C.qualifiedresearchersD.enoughmoney

3.Thebesttitleforthepassagemaybe.

A.China'sSuccessinPandasCloning

B.TheFirstClonedPandaintheWorld

C.ExploringthePossibilitytoClonePandas

D.China-theNativePlaceofPandasForever

4.Fromthepassageweknowthat.

A.Kraemerandhisteamhavesucceededincloningadog

B.scientiststrytoimplantapanda9seggintoarabbit

C.KraemerwillworkwithChinesescientistsincloneresearches

D.abouttwothousandofspecieswillprobablydieoutinacentury

【答案与解析】本文讲述中国正在竭力克隆濒临绝种的熊猫，这和TexasA&M

University的Noah，sArk（诺亚方舟）工程极为相似，都是想拯救濒临灭绝的动物。

1.B。语义理解题。从第2段内容可知，“诺亚方舟”工程的目标是把濒临灭绝的动物

的蛋（卵卜胚胎、精液和DNA储存在液体氮中，如果某一种动物濒临灭绝时，将来可以重

现这一动物。

2.Ao细节题。从第6段第1句话Thenucleartransfer（核子移植）ofonespeciestoanother

isnoteasy,andthelackofavailable（capableofbeingused）pandaeggscouldbeamajorproblem

可以做出正确判断。

3.Co主旨题。从文章内容来看，无论是中国还是世界克隆熊猫还没有成功，所以排除

A、B项；D项内容明显与文章内容不符，故排除。所以“探索克隆熊猫的可能性”应该是

这篇文章的标题。

4.Do判断题。此题B项的干扰性较强，但由于它没有说明是Chinesescientists,所以

应排除。A、C项明显与原文不符。根据文章第3段第1句可知答案非D莫属。

（2）

Wantaglanceofthefutureofhealthcare?Takealookatthewaythevariousnetworksof

peopleaboutpatientcarearebeingconnectedtooneanother,andhowthisnewconnectivityis

beingexploitedtodelivermedicinetothepatient——nomatterwhereheorshemaybe.

Onlinedoctorsofferingadvicebasedonnormalsymptoms（症状）arethemostobvious

example.Increasingly,however,remotediagnosis（远程诊断）willbebasedonrealphysiological

data（生理数据）fromtheactualpatient.AgroupfromtheUniversityofKentuckyhasshownthat

byusingpersonaldataassistanceplusamobilephone,itisperfectlypracticaltosendapatient's

importantsignsoverthetelephone.Withthiskindofequipment,thecryaskingwhethertherewas

adoctorinthehousecouldwellbeathingofthepast.

Othermedicaltechnologygroupsareworkingonapplyingtelemedicinetorural（countryside）

care.Andatleastoneteamwantstousetelemedicineasatoolfordisasterneed—especiallyafter

earthquakes.Onthewhole,thetrendistowardsprovidingglobalaccesstomedicaldataand

experts5opinions.

Butthereisoneproblem.Bandwidth（宽带）isthelimitingfactorforsendingcomplex（复杂

的）medicalpicturesaroundtheworld-CTphotosbeingoneofthebiggestbandwidthusers.

Communicationsatellitesmaybeabletodealwiththeshort-termneedsduringdisasterssuchas

earthquakesorwars.Butmedicineislookingtowardsboththesecond-generationInternetand

third-generationmobilephonesforthefutureofremotemedicalservice.

Doctorshavemettodiscusscomputer-basedtoolsfbrmedicaldiagnosis,trainingand

telemedicine.Withthefallingpriceofbroadbandcommunications,thenewtechnologiesshould

startanewtimewhentelemedicineandthesharingofmedicalinformation,experts?opinionsand

diagnosisarecommon.

1.Thewriterchieflytalksabout.

A.theuseoftelemedicineB.theon-lineddoctors

C.medicalcareandtreatmentD.communicationimprovement

2.Thebasisofremotediagnosiswillbe.

A.personaldataassistance

B.somewordsofapatient

C.realphysiologicalinformation

D.medicalpicturesfromtheInternet

3.Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrueaccordingtothetext?

A.Patientsdon'tneeddoctorsinhospitalsanymore.

B.Itisimpossibletosendapatienfssignsoverthetelephone.

C.Manyteamsusetelemedicinedealingwithdisastersnow.

D.Broadbandcommunicationswillbecomecheaperinthefuture.

4.The“problem“inthefourthparagraphreferstothefactthat.

A.bandwidthisn'tbigenoughtosendcomplexmedicalpictures

B.thesecond-generationofInternethasnotbecomepopularyet

C.communicationsatellitescanonlydealwithshort-termneeds

D.thereisnotenoughequipmentforspreadingthemedicalcare

【答案与解析】本文主要讲述人们将来可以通过网上看病，医生可以根据病人的生理数

据做出远程诊断。随着第二代因特网和第三代移动手机为将来的远程医疗服务，尤其是宽带

网交流价格的下降，远程医疗和医药信息、专家意见和诊断共享将成为家常便饭。

l.Ao主旨题。第2段和第3段的内容，可知最佳答案为A。

2.Co细节题。从第2段第2句话中的…remotediagnosis（远程诊断）willbebasedonreal

physiologicaldata（生理数据）fromtheactualpatient可以做出正确判断。

3.Do判断题。网上可以看病并不就是说病人去医院不需要医生，排除A项；通过电话

发送病人的信息是可行的，排除B项；现在至少有一个医疗队想用远程医疗来治疗疾病，C

项也不对；根据文章最后一句话Withthefallingpriceofbroadbandcommunications,thenew

technologiesshouldstartanewtimewhentelemedicineandthesharingofmedicalinformation,

experts?opinionsanddiagnosisarecommon可以肯定答案是D。

4.Ao推断题。根据第4段第2句话Bandwidth（宽带）isthelimitingfactorforsending

complex（复杂）medicalpicturesaroundtheworld—CTphotosbeingoneofthebiggest

bandwidthusers可知答案为A。

（3）

Scientistsareuncoveringthesecretsoftwoportcitieslostunderthewatersofthe

MediterraneanSea,aresearchersaidyesterday.

HerakleionandMenouthiswererichandproudcitiesuntilsomethingreducedthemtorubble

（碎石）andburiedtheminthemudbeneath30feetofseawater,Frenchunderwaterexplorer

FranckGoddiosaidattheAmericanGeophysicalUnionconference.

“Thisisamysterythatisongoing,nsaidGoddio,afounderoftheEuropeanInstituteof

MarineArcheology,aParis-basedunderwaterresearchorganizationbackedbythewealthyHilti

FoundationofLiechtenstein（列支敦士登基金会）.

ThedestructionofthetwinportcitieshashauntedGoddioeversincehehappeneduponthe

siteabout15milesfromAlexandriawhileexploringsunkenshipsfromNapoleon'sfleet.

Goddioandhisgroupofexpertdivers,marinearcheologists（海洋考占学家）andothers,are

usinghighpoweredvacuums,satellitenavigationsystemsandsophisticatedsonar（声纳）to

excavate（挖掘）thesunkencitiesfromunderneathacarpetofsiltaboutonemeter（threefeet）high.

Wallsofshops,remainsofstreetsandgoldartifactshavebeenfoundandrecovered.

Someexpertsbelievethattheportcitiesweredestroyedbyaseriesofmassiveearthquakes,

muchlikethequakesscientistsbelievefelledTroy（特］各伊城），Jerichoandotherancientcities.

Theuniformdirectionofthecollapsedcolumnsandwallssuggestanearthquake,Goddiosaid,but

nofaultlineshavebeenfoundnearby.

Otherresearchersbelieveamassivewave,causedbyeitheranoffshoreearthquakeora

distantunderwaterlandslide,couldexplainthecatastrophe.Stillothersthinkrisingseasandashift

intheNileRiveroutletdoomedthecities.

“Theargument,asyoucansee,continues,Goddiosaid.

1.ThereasonwhythetwoportcitiesdisappearedunderthewatersofMediterraneanSeais

that.

A.thetwoportcitiesweredestroyedbyhugeearthquakes

B.thedisappearanceofthetwoportcitieswascausedbyunderwaterlandslide

C.risingseasandashiftintheNileRiveroutletdoomedthecities

D.thestorydidn'ttellusatall

2.Fromthestorywecandrawaconclusionthat.

A.thetwoportcitieswerefamousfortheirwealthandthemystery

B.thetwocitiesbelongedtoFrance

C.somemysteriouscreaturesfromotherplanetsdestroyedthetwocities

D.theAmericanGeophysicalUnionconferencewasonceheldinoneofthetwocities

3.Thisarticleisprobablyfrom.

A.ascientificmagazine

B.areporttothegovernment

C.aschooltextbook

D.ascientificreportinanewspaper

（1—3DBD）

【答案与解析】本文报道了人们对法国地中海中的两座城市沉如海底的各种推测。

l.Do推断题。文章只对城后下沉的原因作了一些推测但未作出结论。由此可推知此题

答案为D。

2.Bo推断题。根据文章中所提到的与之相关的名称，如：Frenchunderwaterexplorer

FranckGoddio,aParis-basedunderwaterresearchorganization,Napoleon'sfleet可推知此题答

案为Bo

3.Do推断题。文章讨论地中海中的两座城市下沉的原因，显然与地质科学有关，故选

D«注意不宜选A,•个显然的因素是第1段中出现的yesterdayo

（4）

Motherhoodmaymakewomensmarterandmayhelppreventdementia（痴呆）inoldageby

bathingthebraininprotectivehormones（荷尔蒙）,U.S.reseachersreportedonThursday.

Testsonratsshowthatthosewhoraisetwoormorelittersofpupsdoconsiderablybetterin

testsofmemoryandskillsthanratswhohavenobabies,andtheirbrainsshowchangesthat

suggesttheymaybeprotectedagainstdiseasessuchasAlzheimer's（早老痴呆症）.Universityof

RichmondpsychologyprofessorCraigKinsleybelieveshisfindingswilltranslateintohumans.

“Ourresearchshowsthatthehormonesofpregnancy（怀孕）areprotectingthebrain,

includingestrogen（雌激素），whichweknowhasmanyneuroprotective（保护神经的）effects,”

Kinsleysaid.

“It'sratdatabuthumansaremammalsjustliketheseanimalsaremammals,headdedina

telephoneinterview.t4Theygothroughpregnancyandhormonalchanges.^^

Kinsleysaidhehopedpublichealthofficialsandresearcherswilllooktoseeifhavinghad

childrenprotectsawomanfromAlzheimer^andotherfonnsofage-relatedbraindecline.

“Whenpeoplethinkaboutpregnancy,theythinkaboutwhathappenstobabiesandthemother

fromtheneckdown,“saidKinsley,whopresentedhisfindingstotheannualmeetingofthe

SocietyofNeuroscienceinOrlando,Florida.

“Theydonotrealizethathormonesarewashingonthebrain.Ifyoulookatfemaleanimals

whohavenevergonethroughpregnancy,theyactdifferentlytowardyoung.Butifshegoes

throughpregnancy,shewillsacrificeherlifeforherinfant—thatisagreatchangeinherbehavior

thatshowedingeneticalterations（改变）tothebrain.”

I.Howdoscientistsknow“Motherhoodmaymakewomensmarter”?

A.Someresearchershavetoldthem.

B.Manywomensayso.

C.Theyknowitbyexperimentingonrats.

D.Theyknowitthroughtheirownexperience.

2.Whatdoesthephrase“littersofpups“meaninthesecondparagraph?

A.Babyrats.B.Animals.C.Oldrats.D.Grown-uprats.

3.Whatcanprotectthebrainofawomanaccordingtothepassage?

A.Estrogen.B.Thehormonesofpregnancy.

C.Moreexercise.D.Takingcareofchildren.

4."It'sratdatabuthumansaremammalsjustliketheseanimalsaremammals.^^Whatdoes

thesentencesuggest?

A.Theexperimentsontheratshavenothingtodowithhumans.

B.Theexperimentsontheratsareveryimportantforanimals.

C.Theexperimentsontheratsaremuchthesameonhumans.

D.Theexperimentsontheratsaremuchthesameonotheranimals.

5.Whichtitleisthebestforthispassage?

A.DoYouWanttoBeSmarter?

B.MotherhoodMakesWomenSmarter

C.MysteriousHormones

D.AnImportantStudy

【答案与解析】本文介绍了一个观点：母性特点能使妇女变得更加聪明灵敏。

l.Co细节题。根据Testsonratsshow…可知科学家是通过做老鼠实验得出这个结论的。

2.Ao词义猜测题。后面的对比whohavenobabies,实际上提供了一个相反的情况，所

以我们可以推测thosewhoraisetwoormorelittersofpups中的littersofpups指的是“刚出生

不久的小老鼠”。

3.B。细节题。根据文章第3段中的...thehormonesofpregnancy（怀孕）areprotectingthe

brain可得出答案。

4.Co句意理解题。科学家通过用老鼠做实验来说明人的问题。因为人和老鼠都属于哺

乳动物，很多生理机能都相同。

5.Bo主旨题。短文第I句Motherhoodmaymakewomensmarter是主题句，据此我们

可以得出答案。

（5）

Togetcashoutinthe21stcentury,youwon'tneedabankcard,aPIN（个人识别编号）or

evenhavetomoveafinger.Youwillsimplyhavetolookthecashmachinestraightintheeye,

declaresNationalCashRegisters,amultinationalcompanythatmakesautomatedtellermachines,

orATMs.NCRhasshownitsfirstexamplemachinethatisbelievedtobethefutureofbanking.

InsteadofaskingyouforyourPINonascreen,theSuperTeller-Stellaforshort,asksyouorally

throughaloudspeakertolookstraightaheadwhileaninfraredcameraturnstoyourhead,then

youreye,andfinallytakesaninfraredphotographofyouriris（虹膜）.Foridentification（识另U）

purposes,anirispictureisbetterthanafingerprint,witharound256noticeablecharacteristics

comparedwith40forfingerprints.Thismeansthatthechancesofsomeoneelsebeingrecognized

inyourplaceisabout1in1020.Onceyou'vebeenidentified,Stellagreetsyoubynameandsays:

“Wouldyoulikecashorastatement?^^Aninfraredportallowsthemachinetosendabank

statementstraighttoyourpocketcomputer.

1.Whatdoesthispassagemainlytalkabout?

A.Anewmedicalinstrument

B.Anewtypeoftalkingmachine.

C.Anewtypeofcashmachine.

D.NationalCashRegister

2.Whatisthisnewmachinecalled?

A.StellaB.ATMC.PIND.NCR

3.Whenyouwanttogetcashoutinthe21stcentury,youwill.

A.needabankcardB.havetoputinyourPIN

C.moveyourfingerD.justlookdirectlyatthetellermachine

【答案解析】本文介绍了自动取款机的新型的识别储户方法。

1.C。主旨题。阅读全文可知本文介绍的是新型取款机的设计原理及工作方式，故选Co

2.Ao细节题。根据InsteadofaskingyoufbryourPINonascreen,theSuperTeller-Stella

forshort,asksyouorally...及Onceyou'vebeenidentified,Stellagreetsyoubynameand

says...可知答案为Ao

3.D。细节题。根据Togetcashoutinthe21stcentury,youwon'tneedabankcard,aPINor

evenhavetomoveafinger.Youwillsimplyhavetolookthecashmachinestraightintheeye,...

可知仅仅径直看着取款机就可以了，故选答案Do

（6）

Weatherchangeswhenthetemperatureandtheamountofwaterintheatmospherechange.

Wecanseeandfeelwatercomingfromtheatmospherewhenwehaverain.Butthewatermust

somehowgetbacktotheatmosphere.Meteorologistscallthisthewatercycle.

Therearemanystagesinthewatercycle.Rainfallswhenwatervapourinclouds

condenses（凝结）.Dropsofwaterformandfalltotheground.Thewatersoaksintothegroundand

feedsstreamsandrivers.Alotofrainfallsintothesea.Theheatofthesunevaporatessomeofthe

waterinthegroundandintherivers,lakes,andthesea.Itchangestheliquidwaterintowater

vapour.Thevapourrisesontotheair.Watervapourisnonnallyinvisible.Onaverydampor

humidday,however,youcansometimesseewatervapourrisingfromapuddle（水坑）orpondina

mist（薄雾）abovethewater.Watervapouralsogetsintotheairfromlivingthings.Treesandother

plantstakeinwaterthroughtheirrootsandgiveoffwatervapourfromtheirleaves.Peopleand

landanimalsdrinkwaterandbreatheoutwatervapour.Inallthesewaysthewaterreturnstothe

air.Thereitgatherstoformcloudsandcondensestoformrain.Therainfallstoearth,andthe

cyclestartsagain.Itcontinuesevenifsnoworhail（冰雹）fallinsteadbecausebotheventuallymelt

toformwater.Theamountofwatervapourintheairdependsonthetemperature.Theairismore

moist（潮湿）inthetropics（热带）thaninthecoldpolarregions.

1.Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?

A.Watercycle.B.Watervapour.

C.Howrainforms.D.Water,vapour,rain.

2.Howmanywaysofthewaterreturningtotheairarediscussedinthetext?

A.Two.B.Three.C.Four.D.Five.

3.Whetherwatervapourcanbeseenornotdependson.

A.howmuchwaterisevaporatedB.howgoodyoureyesare

C.inwhichwaywaterisevaporatedD.climateorweather

4.Fromthepassagewegettoknow.

A.thereismorewatervapourintheairinthetropicsthanincoldpolarregions

B.thereismorewatervapourintheairincoldpolarregionthaninthetropics

C.itgetsmoreraininthetropicsthanincoldpolarregionsbecausethereislessvapour

D.theamountofwatervapourintheairdependsonhowoftenitrains

【答案与解析】本文阐述了水循环的全过程。

1.Ao主旨题。文章第1段,特别是最后一句Meteorologistscallthisthewatercycle.已

点明主题。

2.Bo判断题。读完第2段，不难发现水返回空中的方式有3种：第1种是太阳蒸发地

面上的水使之变成水蒸气返回空中；第2种是树和植物释放出的水蒸气；第3种是人和动物

呼出的水蒸气。

3.Do语义理解题。从第2段第9句话Onaverydamporhumidday,however,youcan

sometimesseewatervapourrisingfromapuddle（水坑）orpondinamist（薄雾）abovethewater.

可以找到为什么。

4.Ao判断题。根据最后一句话Theairismoremoist（潮湿）inthetropics（热带）thaninthe

coldpolarregions可知答案。

（7）

Technologyistheapplication（应用）ofknowledgetoproduction.Thankstomodem

technology,wehavebeenabletoincreasegreatlytheefficiencyofourworkforce.Newmachines

andnewmethodshavehelpedcutdowntimeandexpensewhileincreasingoveralloutput.This

hasmeantmoreproductionandahigherstandardofliving.FormostofusinAmerica,modem

technologyisthoughtofasthereasonwhywecanhavecarsandtelevisionsets.However,

technologyhasalsoincreasedtheamountoffoodavailabletous,bymeansofmodemfarming

machineryandanimalbreedingtechniques,andhasextendedourlifespanvia（通过）medical

technology.

Willmankindcontinuetolivelongerandhaveahigherqualityoflife?Inlargemeasurethe

answerdependsontechnologyandourabilitytouseitwidely.Ifwekeepmakingprogressaswe

haveoverthepastfiftyyears,theanswerisdefinitelyyes.Theadvancementoftechnology

dependsuponresearchanddevelopment,andthelateststatistics（统计）showthattheUnitedStates

iscontinuingtopumpbillionsofdollarsannually（每年）intosuchefforts.Sowhilewearcrunning

outofsomescarceresources（少的资源）wemaywellfindtechnologicalsubstitutes（代用品）fbr

manyofthemthroughourresearchprograms.

Therefore,inthefinalanalysisthethreemajorfactorsofproduction（land,laborandcapital）

areallinfluencedbytechnology.Whenweneednewskills,ontechniquesinmedicine,peoplewill

startdevelopingnewtechnologytomeetthoseneeds.Asequipmentprovestobeslowor

inefficient,newmachineswillbeinvented.Technologyrespondstoourneedsinhelpingus

maintainourstandardofliving.

1.Whatisthebesttitleforthepassage?

A.ThedefinitionoftechnologyB.Modemtechnology

C.TheapplicationoftechnologyD.Thedevelopmentoftechnology

2.Whichisthemainideaofthepassage?

A.Modemtechnologyisthekeytotheimprovementofstandardofliving.

B.Thethreemajorfactorsofproduction（land,laborandcapital）areallinfluencedby

technology.

C.Technologyistheresponsetoourneeds.

D.TheUnitedStatesismakinggreateffortstoadvanceitstechnology.

3.Accordingtothepassage,peoplecanlivealonglifewiththehelpof.

A.higherqualityoflifeB.medicaltechnology

C.modernfarmingmachineryD.technologicalsubstitute

【答案与解析】“科学技术是生产力”是这篇文章的主题。

1.B。主旨题。文章的主要笔墨是用在科学技术的作用上，所以答案应选B。

2.Ao主旨题。文章最后一句Technologyrespondstoourneedsinhelpingusmaintainour

standardofliving就是主题句。

3.B。判断题。从文章第2段第2句话...theanswerdependsontechnologyandourabilityto

useitwidely可以肯定答案选B。

（8）

Spacetravelisdefinitelybadforastronauts5bones,reducingtheirbonedensity（密度）after

onlyamonthofweightlessness,accordingtoFrenchresearchpublishedonFriday.

LaurenceVicoandhisfellowworkersatStEtienneUniversitycalledformoreresearchinto

theeffectsofmicrogravity,aftertheirstudyof15astronautsfromtheRussianMIRstationshowed

bonelosscontinuedthroughoutspaceflights.

“Bonelosswasespeciallystrikinginfourastronauts,thescientistsreportedintheLancet

MedicalJournal.

Theymeasuredthebonemineraldensity（BMD）ofbonesinthefbrearm（前臂）andlowerleg

oftheastronautswhohadspentonetosixmonthsinspace.

TheBMDlosswassignificantinthetibia（胫骨）ofthelowerleg,aweight-bearingbone,but

barelychangedintheradius（梳骨）oftheforeann.t4Ourresultsindicatetheneedtoinvestigatenot

onlydifferentbones,butalsodifferentareasofthesamebonesincenotallsitesoftheskeleton（骨

架）aresimilarlyaffectedbyspaceconditions,theyadded.

Withoutgravitythebodyisn'tbearinganyweightsothereisnoneedforcalcium（钙）which

makesbonesstrong,anditbecomesemptyintothebloodstream.

Theresearchteamsuggestedinfiiturescientistsshouldtrytodetermineifthelossofbone

densitywasonlyonweight-bearingbonesonlongerflights,alsothepossiblerecoveryafter

returningtoEarth.

1.FrenchscientistsdidtheirresearchonRussianastronauts,because.

A.theyonlycaredfortheRussianastronauts

B.theywerenotinterestedintheirownastronauts

C.theRussiangovernmentinvitedthemtodotheirresearch

D.theRussianastronautsworkedinspaceforalongtime

2.Scientistshavefoundthat.

A.theBMDlossmaycauseseriousillnesstoastronauts

B.theBMDlossmaycausesomechangeinastronauts9bodies

C.astronautsshouldn'tcareabouttheBMDloss

D.astronautsshouldtakesomecalciumbeforespacetravel

3.WhatcausetheBMDlosstoastronauts,accordingtothispassage?

A.Thefoodtheyeatinspace.B.Thedrinkstheytakeinspace.

C.Thetemperatureinspace.D.Thegravityinspace.

4.Inthethirdparagraph,theword“striking“means.

A.unusualB.simpleC.weakD.slow

（1—4DBDA）

【答案与解析】本文介绍了法国对太空宇航员长期在太空飞行，会使骨里的密度减少而

对骨不利的研究。

1.Do细节题。根据文章第4段的定语从句whohadspentonetosixmonthsinspace可推

知此题答案为Do

2.B。细节题。根据文章第5段第1句TheBMDlosswassignificantinthetibia（胫骨）ofthe

lowerleg,aweight-bearingbone可推知止匕题答案为B。

3.Do细节题。根据文章第6段Withoutgravity…所引起的结果，可推知此题答案为D。

4.Ao词义猜测题。上文提到对十五人进行研究表明在整个航行过程中骨损在继续，下

文再说especiallystriking,可知是“特别明显”的事，因此选A。

（9）

Somespidershuntontheground,othersbuildwebstotraptheirfood,butthegrasswater

spidercatchesitspreybyrunningalongthesurfaceofthewater.

Thisspecialwaterspiderlivesonthegrassybanksofstreamswheremosquitoes,damselflies

andotherinsectscometofeedandbreed.

AlthoughitisoneofthelargestspidersinNewZealand,ithasanunusualability.Itdoesn't

disturbthewaterasitwaitsforitsmeal,andthereisbarelyaripple（波纹）whenitskims（掠过）

acrossthesurfaceatlightningspeedtocatchitsprey.

Grasswaterspidersdealswiftlywithlargerinsectslikedamselfliesbypullingtheirheads

underthewaterandholdingthemthereuntiltheydrown.

Afterameal,thegrasswaterspiderspendsuptohalfanhourgrooming（修饰）itself.Itwipes

itseighteyes,brushesitsantennae（触角）,andtakesspecialcaretocleanthehairsonitsbody.

Itisthehairsthattraptinybubbles（泡沫）ofairsothatthespidercanrundownablade（叶片）

ofgrassandstayunderwaterforuptoanhourwhenitisfrightened.Thehairsalsokeepthespider

dry,evenunderwater.

Itisonlywhenthefemalespideriscaringfortheyoungthatshedoesnothuntonthewater.

Aftermating,sheproducesalargeeggsac（囊）,whichshecarriesaroundforfiveweeks.Oncethe

eggsstarttohatch,sheattachesthesactosomebladesofgrassorathistle.Shethentearsthesac

openandreleasesthetinyspidersintothenurseryweb.

1.Howdoesthegrasswaterspiderkillitsprey?

A.inawebB.bydrowningC.bypoisoningD.withitsantennae

2.thewriterdescribesthespecialspideras“special“because.

A.itwalksonwaterB.ithaseighteyes

C.ofitshairyappearanceD.ofthewayitproducesitsyoung

3.Thepa