职称英语理工类b级模拟38

职称英语理工类B级模拟38

第1部分：词汇选项

1、Sulphurhasoccasionallybeenfoundintheearthinanalmostpurestate.

A.regularlyB.accidentally

C.sometimesD.successfully

2、Thereisanabundantsupplyofcheaplaborinthiscountry.

A.asteadyB,aplentifulC.anextraD.astable

3、Asawriter,heturnedoutthreenovelsthatyear.

A.refusedB.read

C.producedD.accepted

4、Ifroundwormsareremovedfromthesoilandplacedinaliquid,theythrash

helplesslyaround.

A.carelesslyB.tirelesslyC.powerlesslyD.heartlessly

5、JohnHansonhelpeddraftinstructionsforMaryland'sdelegatestotheStamp

ActCongress.

A.clarifyB.formulateC.reviseD.contribute

6、Theyoungmanistoobashfultospeaktostrangers.

A.shyB.haughty

C.indifferentD.upset

7、Thelatestcensusisencouraging.

A.statementB.assessmentC,countD.

evaluation

8、Willyoupleasecallmyhusbandassoonaspossible?

A.contactB.consultC•phoneD.visit

9、ThereisalwaysexcitementattheOlympicGameswhenanathletebreaksa

record.

A.beatsB.maintainsC.

matchesD.tries

10>Thechurchforecaststhatby2015thisnumberwillincreasetonearlyto

million.

A.rejectedB.projected

C.releasedD.produced

11>CementwasseldomusedinbuildingduringtheMiddleAges.

A.crudelyB.rarelyC.originallyD.

symbolically

12、Icannolongertoleratehisactions.

A.putupwithB.acceptC.takeD.sufferfrom

13、Theimmensechangeofthecityastonishedeverymemberoftheconference.

A.surprisedB.interestedC.boredD.excited

14>HoldthetorchsteadysoIcanseebetter.

A.continuousB.quickC.finnD.exceptional'

15>Somebirdsconsistentlyreturntothesamenestingareaeachspring.

A.occasionallyB.purposely

C.regularlyD.surprisingly

第2部分：阅读判断

Norwich

Norwich,thecapitalofthepartofBritainknownasEastAnglia,hasbeen

inexistenceformorethantwothousandyears.Itbeganasasmallvillage

besidetheRiverWensum.AtthetimeoftheNormaninvasionin1066ithad

growntobecomeoneofthelargesttownsinEngland.

Withtwocathedralsandamosque（清真寺）,Norwichhaslongbeenapopular

centreforvariousreligions.Thefirstcathedralwasbuiltin1095andhas

recentlycelebratedits900thanniversary,whileNorwichitselfhadayear

ofcelebrationin1994tomarkthe800thanniversaryofthecityreceiving

aRoyalCharter.Thisallowedittobecalledacityandtogovernitself

independently.

Today,incomparisonwithplaceslikeLondonorManchester,Norwichis

quitesmall,withapopulationofaround150,000,butinthe16thcentury

NorwichwasthesecondlargestcityofEngland.Itcontinuedtogrowforthe

next300yearsandgotricherandricher,becomingfamousforhavingasmany

churchesasthereareweeksintheyearandasmanypubsastheiraredays

intheyear.

Nowadays,therearefarfewerchurchesandpubszbutin1964theUniversity

ofEastAnglia.wasbuiltinNorwich.Withitsfast-frowingstudentpopulation

anditssuccessasamoderncommercialcentre（Norwichisthebiggestcentre

forinsuranceservicesoutsideLondon）,thecitynowhasasidechoiceof

entertainment：theatreszcinemas,nightclubs,busycafes,excellent

restaurants,andanumberofartsandleisurecentres.Thereisalsoafootball

team,whosecoloursaregreenandyellow.Theteamisknownas"TheCanaries

（金丝雀）"，thoughnobodycanbesurewhy.

Nowthecity*sattractionsincludeanotherimportantdevelopment,amodern

shoppingcentrecalled"TheCastleMallH.ThepeopleofNorwichlivedwith

averylargeholdinthemiddleoftheircityforovertwoyears,asbuilders

dugupthemaincarpark.Lorriesmovednearlyamilliontonsofearthso

thattheroofofthemallcouldbecomeacitycentrepark,withattractive

waterpoolsandhundredsoftrees,butthelocalpeoplearereallypleased

thattheoldopenmarketremains,rightintheheartofthecityandnext

tothenewdevelopment.Bothareascontinuetodogoodbusiness,provingthat

Norwichhasmanagedtomixthebestoftheoldandthenew.

16>TheRiverWensumflowsbyNorwich.

A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned

17>PeoplehavelivedbytheRiverWensumforatleast2,000years.

A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned

18、Norwichhasbeenacitysinceitsfirstcathedralwasbuilt.

A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned

19、NorwichhasalwaysbeenoneofthesmallestEnglishcities.

A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned

20、ThenumberofforeignstudentsinNorwichhasbeenincreasingsince1964.

A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned

21、Thefootballteamiscalled"TheCanariesnbecauseofthecolourstheplayers

wear.

A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned

22、IttookmorethantwoyearstobuildHTheCastleMallH.

A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned

第3部分：概括大意与完成句子

Aconcernedwiththeproblemsthatwewillhavetosolveinthefuture

Breadingbooksofsciencefiction

Cpoliticalimplication

Darecurrenttheme

Ereadworldwide

Ftranslatedintomanylanguages

23、Someformofidealsocietyis.

24、BookswrittenbyJ.Verneare.

25、Peopleenjoy_______.

26、Worksofmodernsciencefictionhave

AAirportservice

BTrainingofpilots

CBeginningperiod

DRapidgrowthintheUS

EDevelopment

FCompetition

27、Paragraph2_______

28、Paraqraph3

29、Paragraph4_______

30、Paragraph5

第4部分：阅读理解

X第IJ一篇/Tttj

RadiationEffect

Spaceisadangerousplaceznotonlybecauseofmeteors（流星）butalso

becauseofraysfromthesunandotherstars.Theatmosphereagainactsas

ourprotectiveblanketonearthlight,getsthrough,andthisisessential

forplantstomakethefoodthatweeat.Heat,too,makesourenvironment

endurable.Variouskindsofrayscomethroughtheairfromouterspace,but

enormousquantitiesofradiationfromthesunarescreenedoff.Assoonas

menleavetheatmospheretheyareexposedtothisradiation,buttheirspacesuits

orthewallsoftheirspacecrafts,iftheyareinside,dopreventalotof

radiationdamage.

Radiationisthegreatestknowndangertoexplorersinspace.Theunit

ofradiationiscalled"rem"雷姆"）.Scientistshavereasontothinkthat

amancanputupwithfarmoreradiationthan0.1remwithoutbeingdamaged,

thefigureof60reinshasbeenagreedon.Thetroubleisthatitisextremely

difficulttobesureaboutradiationdamage-apersonmayfeelperfectlywell,

butthecellsofhisorhersexorgansmaybedamaged,andthiswillnotbe

discovereduntilthebirthofdeformed（畸形的）childrenorevengrandchildren.

MissionsoftheApolloflightshavehadtocrossbeltsofhighradiationand,

duringtheoutwardandreturnjourneysztheApollocrewaccumulatedalarger

amountofreins.Sofar,nodangerousamountsofradiationhavebeenreported,

buttheApollomissionshavebeenquiteshort.Wesimplydonotknowyethow

menaregoingtogetonwhentheyspendweeksandmonthsoutsidetheprotection

oftheatmosphere,workinginaspacelaboratory.Drugsmighthelptodecrease

thedamageclonebyradiation,butnoreallyeffectiveoneshavebeenfound

sofar.

31、Accordingtothefirstparagraph,theatmosphereisessentialtomanin

thato

A.itprotectshimagainsttheharmfulraysfromspace

B.itprovidessufficientlightforplantgrowth

C.itsuppliestheheatnecessaryforhumansurvival

D.itscreensoffthefallingmeteors

32、Weknowfromthepassagethat.

A.exposuretoeventinyamountsofradiationisfatal

B.theeffectofexposuretoradiationisslowincoming

C.radiationisavoidableinspaceexploration

D.astronautsinspacesuitsneedn1tworryaboutradiationdamage

33>TheharmradiationhasdonetotheApollocrewmembers.

A.isinsignificant

B.seemsoverestimated

C.isenormous

D.remainsunknown

34、Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethat.

A.theApollomissionwasverysuccessful

B.protectionfromspaceradiationisnoeasyjob

C.astronautswillhavedeformedchildrenorgrandchildren

D.radiationisnotathreattowell-protectedspaceexplorers

35>Thebesttitleforthispassagewouldbe.

A.TheAtmosphereandOurEnvironment

B.ResearchonRadiation

C.EffectsofSpaceRadiation

D.ImportanceofProtectionAgainstRadiation

弟一^扁

PuertoRicanCuisine（菜肴）

PuertoRico,aCaribbean（力H勒比海区）islandrichinhistoryandremarkable

naturalbeauty,hasacuisineallitsown.Immigration（移民）totheisland

hashelpedtoshapeitscuisine,withpeoplefromallovertheworldmaking

variouscontributionstoit.However,beforethearrivaloftheseimmigrants,

theTainopeoplelivedontheislandofPuertoRico.Tainocuisineincluded

suchfoodsasrodents（啮齿动物），freshshellfishandfishfriedincornoil.

ManyaspectsofTainocuisinecontinuetodayinPuertoRicancooking,but

ithasbeenheavilyinfluencedbytheSpanish,whoinvadedPuertoRicoin

1508,andAfricans,whowereinitiallybroughttoPuertoRicotoworkasslaves.

TainocookingstylesweremixedwithideasbroughtbytheSpanishandAfricans

tocreatenewdishes.TheSpanishextendedfoodchoicesbybringingcattle,

1

pigs,goatszandsheeptotheisland.Africansalsoaddedtotheislands

foodculturebyintroducingpowerfulzcontrastingtastesindishes.Infactz

muchofthefoodPuertoRicoisnowfamousfor-coffee,coconuts,andoranges

-wasactuallyimportedbyforeignerstotheisland.

AcommonassumptionmanypeoplemakeaboutPuertoRicanfoodisthatit

isveryspicy（辛辣的）.It*struethatchilipeppersarepopular；aijcaballero

inparticularisaveryhotchilipepperthatPuertoRicansenjoy.However,

milder（微辣的）tastesarepopulartoo,suchassofrito.Asthebaseofmany

PuertoRicandisheszsofritoisasaucemadefromchoppedonionszgreenbell

peppers,sweetchilipeppers,andahandfulofotherspices.Itisfriedin

oilandthenaddedtootherdishes.

36、wholivedinPuertoRicofirst

A.theAfricans

B.theSpanish

C.theAmericans

D.theTainopeople

37、Inthefirstparagraphtheword''it,zrefersto

A.immigration

B.Caribbeanhistory

C.theisland'snaturalbeauty

D.PuertoRicancuisine

38、whatisthemainideaofthesecondparagraph?

A.TainodishesareimportantinPuertoRicancooking

B.Foodimportedbyforeignersisn'treallyPuertoRican

C.PuertoRicancookinghasmanyoutsideinfluences

D.Africanfoodshaveprobablyhadthemostinfluence

39、Howissofritoused?

A.Itiseatenbeforemeals

B.Itisaddedtootherdishes

C.Itisusedwherefoodsaretoospicy

D.Itiseatenasamaindish

40、whichofthefollowingisNOTtrue?

A.softitoisatypeofextremelyspicyfood

B.ManypeoplethinkPuertoRicanfoodisspicy

C.PuertoRicancuisineusesalotofchilipeppers

D.Aijcaballeroisatypeofchilepepper

Sinceabout1970znewresearchhashelpedbrainscientistsunderstands

theseproblemsbetter.Scientistsnowknowtherearemanydifferentkinds

oflearningdisabilitiesandthattheyarecausedbymanydifferentthings.

Thereisnolongeranyquestionthatalllearningdisabilitiesresultfrom

differencesinthewaythebrainisorganized.Youcan*tlookatachild

andtellifheorshehasalearningdisability.Thereisnooutwardsign

ofthedisorder.Sosomeresearchersbeganlookingatthebrainitselfto

learnwhatmightbewrong.

Inonestudy,researchersexaminedthebrainofalearningdisabledperson

whohaddiedinanaccident.Theyfoundtwounusualthings.Oneinvolvedcells

intheleftsideofthebrain,whichcontrollanguage.Thesecellsnormally

arewhite.Inthelearningdisabledperson,however,theseceilsweregray.

Theresearchersalsofoundthatmanyofthenerveceilswerenotinaline

thewaytheyshouldhavebeen.Thenervecellsweremixedtogether.

ThestudywascarriedoutundertheguidanceofNormanGeschwind,anearly-

expertonlearningdisabilities.DoctorGeschwindproposedthatlearning

disabilitiesmainlyresultesfromproblemsintheleftsideofthebrain.

Hebelievedthissideofthebrainfailedtodevelopnormally.Probably,

hesaid,nervecellstheredidn1tconnectastheyshould.Sothebrainwas

likeanelectricaldeviceinwhichthewireswerecrossed.

Otherresearchersdidn11examinebraintissue.Instead,theymeasuredthe

brain*selectricalactivityandmadeamapoftheelectricalsignals.

FrankDullyexperimentedwiththistechniqueatChildren*sHospitalMedical

CenterinBoston.Dr.Duffyfoundlargedifferencesinthebrainactivity

ofnormalchildrenandthosewithreadingproblems.Thedifferencesappeared

throughoutthebrain.Dr.Dullysaidhisresearchisevidencethatreading

disabilitiesinvolvedamagetoawideareaofthebrain,notjusttheleft

side.

41>Scientistsfoundthatthebraincellsofalearningdisabledpersondiffer

fromthoseofanormalpersonin.

A.structureandfunctionB.colorandfunction

C.sizeandarrangementD.colorandarrangement

42、Whichofthefollowingisnotmentioned?

A.Learningdisabilitiesmayresultfromtheunknownareaofthebrain.

B.Learningdisabilitiesmayresultfromdamagetoawideareaofthe

brain.

C.Learningdisabilitiesmayresultfromabnormalorganizationofbrain

cells.

D.Learningdisabilitiesmayresultfromproblemsintheleftsideof

thebrain.

43、AllofthefollowingstatementsaretrueEXCEPTthat.

A.manyfactorsaccountforlearningdisorder

B.alearningdisabledpersonshowsnooutwardsigns

C.readingdisabilitiesareacommonproblemthataffects10%ofthe

population

D.thebrainactivityoflearningdisabledchildrenisdifferentfrom

thatofnormalchildren

44、Dr.Dullybelievedthat.

A.hefoundtheexactcauseoflearningdisabilities

B.theproblemoflearningdisabilitieswasnotlimitedtotheleftside

ofthebrain

C.problemoflearningdisabilitiesresultedfromtheleftsideofthe

brain

D.theproblemoflearningdisabilitiesdidn*tlieintheleftsideof

thebrain

45、Accordingtothepassagewecanconcludethatfurtherresearchesshould

bemade_______

A.toinvestigatepossibleinfluencesonbraindevelopmentand

organization

B.tostudyhowchildrenlearntoreadandwrite,andusenumbers

C.tohelplearningdisabledchildrentodeveloptheirintelligence

D.toexplorehowtheleftsideofthebrainfunctionsinlanguagelearning

第5部分：补全短文

HowtoJumpQueueFury

Ifyoufindyourselfwaitinginalongqueueatanairportorbusterminus

thisholiday,willyoutrytoanalyzewhatitisaboutqueuingthatmakes

youangry?Orwillyoujustgetangrywiththenearestofficial?

ProfessorRichardLarson,anelectricalengineerattheMassachusetts

InstituteofTechnology,hatesqueuingbutratherthantearhishairout,

hedecidedtostudythesubject.46.HecitesanexperimentatHoustonairport

wherepassengershadtowalkforoneminutefromtheplanetothebaggage

reclaimandthenwaitafurthersevenminutestocollecttheirluggage.

Complaintswerefrequentzespeciallyfromthosewhohadspentsevenminutes

watchingpassengerswithjusthandbaggagegetoutimmediately.

Theairportauthoritiesdecidedtolengthenthewalkfromtheaircraftz

sothatinsteadofaone-minutefastwalk,thepassengersspentsixminutes

walking47.Theextrawalkextendedthedelaybyfiveminutesforthosecarrying

onlyhandbaggage,butpassengercomplaintsdroppedalmosttozero.

Thereason?Larsonsuggeststhatitallhastodowithwhathecalls"social

justice".Ifpeopleseeotherstakingashortcut,theywillfindthewait

unbearable.48・

AnotheraspectLarsonstudiedwastheobservationthatpeoplegetmore

fedupiftheyarenottoldwhatisgoingon.49.

Butevenknowinghowlongwehavetowaitisn11thewholeanswer.Wemust

alsobelievethateverythingisbeingdonetominimizeourdelay.Larsoncites

theexampleoftwoneighboringAmericanbanks.Onewashighlycomputerized

andservedacustomer,onaverage,every30seconds.50,Butbecausethe

tellersatthesecondbanklookedextremelybusy,customersbelievedtheservice

wasfasterandmanytransferredtheiraccountstotheslowerbank.Ultimately,

thelatterhadtointroducetime-wastingwaysofappearingmoredynamic.

ASointhecaseoftheairport,itwaspreferabletodelayeveryone.

BTheotherbankwaslessautomatedandtooktwiceaslong.

CWhentheyfinallyarrivedatthebaggagereclaim,thedelaywasthenonly

twominutes.

DHisfirstfinding,whichbacksupearlierworkattheUSNationalScience

Foundation,wasthatthedegreeofannoyancewasnotdirectlyrelatedtothe

time.

EIt1sunbearablefortheairporttodelayeveryone.

FPassengerstoldthattherewillbeahalf-hourdelayarelessunhappythan

thoseleftwaitingeventwentyminuteswithoutanexplanation.

第6部分：完形填空

ChinatoHelpEuropeDevelopGPS(全球定位系统)Rival

Chinaistocontributetoanewglobalsatellitenavigationsystembeing

developedbyEuropeannations.TheGalileosatellitesystem51amore

accuratecivilianalternativetotheGlobalPositioningSystem(GPS),operated

bytheUSmilitary.Chinawillprovide230mEuros(USD259m)in52andwill

cooperatewithtechnicalzmanufacturingandmarketdevelopment."Chinawill

helpGalileoto53themajorworldinfrastructure(基石出设施)forthegrowing

marketforlocationservices,HsaidLoyoladePalacio,EUtransport

commissioner.

Anewcenterthatwillcoordinateco-operationwasalsoannounced54the

EuropeanCommission,theEuropeanSpaceAgency(ESA.andtheChineseMinistry

ofScienceandTechnologynotlong55.TheChina-EuropeGlobalNavigation

SatelliteSystemTechnicalTrainingandCooperationCenterwillbe56at

BeijingUniversity.Chinahasasubstantialsatellitelaunchindustryand

couldpotentiallyhelplaunchtheGalileosatellites.

TheUShasclaimedthatGalileocouldinterfere57theUSabilityto

downgrade（降级）theGPSserviceduringmilitaryconflicts.Europeanofficials

saythisisunfoundedandcounterthatUSopposition58thecommercial

challengeGalileowouldpresenttoGPS.Galileowillbeprecisetowithin

ameter,whilethecivilianGPSserviceisaccuratetoaround10meters.

TheGalileosatelliteconstellation（卫星群集）will5927operational

andthreereservesatellitesorbitingtheEarthatanaltitudeof23,600km.

Thesatelliteswillbestrungalongthreemedium-Earthorbitsat56degrees

inclinationtotheequatorandwillprovideglobalcoverage.Thesyste