考研《英语一》泾县2023年深度预测试卷含解析_第1页
考研《英语一》泾县2023年深度预测试卷含解析_第2页
考研《英语一》泾县2023年深度预测试卷含解析_第3页
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考研《英语一》泾县2023年深度预测试卷SectionIUseofEnglishDirections:Readthefollowingtext.Choosethebestword(s)foreachnumberedblankandmarkA,B,CorDontheANSWERSHEET.(10points)阅读下面短文,从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Generallyspeaking,aBritishiswidelyregardedasaquiet,shyandconservative(保守)personwhois1onlyamongthosewithwhomheisfamiliar.Whenastrangerispresent,heoftenseemsnervous,2embarrassed.Youhavetotakeacommutertrain(通勤车)anymorningoreveningto3thetruthofthis.Serious-lookingbusinessmenandwomensitreadingtheirnewspapersor4offinacorner;hardlyanybodytalks,sincetodosowouldbeconsideredquiteoffensive(冒犯的).5,thereisanunwrittenbutclearlyunderstoodcodeofbehavior,which,once6,makestheoffenderimmediatelytheobjectof7OneofthefewthingswecansayabouttheBritishwithcertaintyisthataBritishtakesa(n)8tothediscussionoftheirweatherandthat,ifgivenachance,hewilltalkaboutit9SomepeoplearguethatitisbecausetheBritishweather10followsforecastandthusbecomesasourceofinteresttoeveryone.Thismaybeso.CertainlyaBritishcannothavemuch11intheweathermen,whosepredictions,inmanycases,12tobewrong!Themaninthestreetseemstobeasaccurate–orasinaccurate–astheweathermeninhis13Foreignersmaybesurprisedatthenumberofreferences14weatherthattheBritishmaketoeachotherinthecourseofasingleday.Veryoftenconversationalgreetingsare15bycommentsontheweather.“Niceday,isn’tit?”“Beautifulday!”maywellbeheardinsteadof“Goodmorning,howareyou?”16theforeignermayconsiderthisexaggerated(夸大)andcomic,itisworthwhilepointingoutthatitcouldbeusedtohis17IfhewantstostartaconversationwithaBritishbutis18toknowwheretobegin,hecoulddowelltomentionthestateoftheweather.Itisa(n)19subjecttowhicharesponsemaywellbe20ofeventhemostreservedoftheBritish.1、A.relaxed B.frustrated C.amused D.exhausted2、A.yet B.otherwise C.even D.so3、A.experience B.witness C.watch D.undertake4、A.whispering B.murmuring C.nodding D.laughing5、A.Hopefully B.Exactly C.Frequently D.Obviously6、A.developed B.observed C.followed D.broken7、A.doubt B.argument C.criticism D.praise8、A.emotion B.fancy C.likeliness D.judgment9、A.atlength B.atlast C.atmost D.atleast10、A.always B.often C.constantly D.seldom11、A.faith B.relief C.honor D.credit12、A.putout B.makeout C.turnout D.findout13、A.consideration B.prediction C.approval D.appreciation14、A.about B.on C.in D.to15、A.started B.conducted C.replaced D.Proposed16、A.Since B.Although C.However D.Onlyif17、A.benefit B.advantage C.disadvantage D.favor18、A.ataloss B.indetail C.ingroups D.onoccasion19、A.avoidable B.steady C.optional D.safe20、A.expected B.asked C.wished D.remindedSectionIIReadingComprehensionPartADirections:Readthefollowingfourtexts.AnswerthequestionsbeloweachtextbychoosingA,B,CorD.MarkyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET.(40points)Text1Ratherthanrollingyoureyeswhenit’syourturntobowyourheadandgivethanks,trybeinggrateful.Theresultjustmightbegoodforyou,fromimprovingyourfeelingtoyourrelationships.Ifyoudon’twanttovoiceyourgratitude,writingalettermaywork,accordingtovariousstudiesbySteveToepferofKentStateUniversityandhiscolleagues.Toepferandhiscolleagueshad219studentswithanaverageageof25filloutquestionnaires(问卷)tomeasuretheirhappiness.Theyreturnedtothelabtofilloutthesurveythreemoretimes,witheachvisitaboutaweekapart.Someofthestudentswrotealetterofgratitudeeachtimetheyreturnedtothelab,whilethecontrolgroupdidn’twriteaboutbeingthankful.“Theletterwriterswereinstructedtowritealetterofgratitudetoanyonetheywanted,however,thelettercouldn’tbea‘thankyou’noteforagift,”Toepfersaid.“Theparticipantshadtowriteaboutsomethingthatwasimportanttothem.”Theresultsshowedthattheirlevelsofhappinessandlifesatisfactionimprovedaftereachlettertheywrote.Inaddition,depressivesymptomsdecreasedovertimewiththeletterwriting.Gratitudedoesn’tjustcheeryouup—itcanimproveyourhealthandenergylevelsaswell.A2007studyconductedbyresearchersfoundthatorgan-transplant(器官移植)receiverswhokept“gratitudejournals”listingfivethingsorpeoplethattheyweregratefulforeachdayscoredbetteronmeasuresofgeneralhealth,andmentalhealththanthosewhoonlymaderoutinenotesabouttheirdays.Asuccessfulrelationshipmaydependonyourgratitude.Researchreportedin2011lookingatmorethan65coupleswhowereinsatisfyingrelationshipsshowedthateachcouple’srelationshipqualitycorrespondedwithonepartner’sfeelingsofgratitude.Researchersshowthatonepartnerexpressedfeelingsofgratitude;bothpartnersexperiencedapositiveemotionalresponse.1、Accordingtothepassage,ifyouwanttogetalongwellwithothers,you’dbetter________.A.writeletterstothemfrequentlyB.paymoreattentiontotheirfeelingsC.showyourthanksfromtimetotimeD.takecareofthemwhentheyareinneed2、Theunderlinedphrase“thecontrolgroup”inParagraph2referstothegroupthat_________.A.iscoldtoothers’kindnessB.isnotgoodatwritinglettersC.isunwillingtoexpresstheirfeelingsD.isnotallowedtowritethank-youletters3、Fromthepassagewecaninferthatpeoplewhooftenshowgratitudearelesslikelytobe__________.A.nervousB.carelessC.depressedD.optimistic4、Fromthepassage,wecanlearnthat_________.A.it’sbettertowriteathank-youletterthantosaygratitudewithwordsB.theresultsofdifferentwaysofshowinggratitudeareallthesameC.thegoodrelationshipofeachcoupleisbasedontrustD.gratitudeisbeneficialtohealth5、Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?A.WhyyoushouldbegratefulB.WaysofchangingyourfeelingC.HowtoshowyourgratitudetoothersD.Thank-youletters’roletohumanrelationsText2TheDomestication(驯化)ofCatsForcenturies,thecommonviewofhowdomesticationhadoccurredwasthatprehistoricpeople,realizinghowusefulitwouldbetohaveanimalskeptforfood,begancatchingwildanimalsandbreeding(繁殖)them.Overtime,byallowingonlyanimalswith“tame”(驯养)characteristicstoproducetheirbabies,humanbeingscreatedanimalsthatwerelesswildandmoredependentuponpeople.Eventuallythisprocessledtothedomesticfarmanimalsandpetsthatweknowtoday,havinglosttheirancientsurvivalskillsandnaturalabilities.Recentresearchsuggeststhatthisviewofdomesticationisincomplete.Prehistorichumanbeingsdidcatchandbreedusefulwildanimals,butspecialistsinanimalbehaviornowthinkthatdomesticationwasnotsimplysomethingpeopledidtoanimals—theanimalsplayedanactivepartintheprocess.Wolvesandwildhorses,forexample,mayhavetakenthefirststepsintheirowndomesticationbyhangingaroundhumansettlements,feedingonpeople’scropsandgettingusedtohumanactivity.Theanimalswhichwerenottoonervousorfearfultolivenearpeopleproducedtheirbabiesthatalsotoleratedhumans,makingiteasierforpeopletocatchandbreedthem.Inthisversion,peoplesucceededindomesticatingonlyanimalsthathadalreadyadaptedeasilytolifearoundhumans.Domesticationrequiredananimalthatwaswillingtobecomedomestic.Theprocesswasmorelikeadancewithpartnersthanavictoryofhumansoveranimals.Atfirstglance,thelamingofcatsseemstofitnicelyintothisnewstoryofdomestication.AtraditionaltheorysaysthatafterprehistoricpeopleinEgyptinventedagricultureandstartedfarming,ratsandmicegatheredtofeastontheirstoredgrain.Wildcats,intum,gatheredatthesameplacestohuntandeattheratsandmice.Overtime,catsgotusedtopeopleandpeoplegotusedtocats.Somestudiesofwildcats,however,seemtocallthistheoryintoquestion.Wildcatsdon’tsharehuntingandfeedingareas,andtheydon’tliveclosetopeople.Expertsdonotknowwhetherwildcatswerepartnersintheirowndomestication.Theydoknowthatlongafterpeoplehadacquireddomesticdogs,sheepandhorses,theysomehowacquireddomesticcats.Graduallytheyproducedanimalswithincreasinglytamequalities.1、Whatissuggestedinrecentresearch?A.Animalswerelessafraidthanthought.B.Animalshadanactiveroleintheirdomestication.C.Wolvesandhorseswerethefirsttobedomesticated.D.Domesticationmeantsomethingpeopledidtoanimals.2、Theword“dance”isusedinParagraph3toshowthat._A.animalsandhumanswerecloseB.controloveranimalswaseasyC.animalswereindependentofhumansD.domesticationwaslikeagame3、Whatprobablyattractedcatstohumansettlements?A.Othercats.B.Warmth.C.Humans.D.Food4、Whatcausesaproblemforthetheorythatcatsweredomesticatedlikewolveswas?A.Catswerenotfriendlytopeople.B.Catswerenotasfierceaswolves.C.Catshadthecharacteristicofindependence.D.Catsshowedclevernesswhentheywerehunting.Text3ArecenttrendinCaliforniarestaurantsshowsneweatinghabitsamongthoseouttohaveaninterestingdiningexperience.Appetizer(开胃品)seemtobethenameofthegamesasdinersturnawayfromthemoretraditionalthree-coursemealinfavorofsmallersnackssampledinvarioustypesofrestaurants,barsandcafes.Inthisway,inthecourseofaneveningout,youmightgotoarestaurantforatastydishtoeatatoneendoftown,toabarwithsomelivemusicattheotherend,thenforacoffee,andfinallybacktotherestaurantforafurtherappetizer.Reasonsforthistrendarethefactthatsomanydifferenttypesofrestaurantshavebeensetuprecently,eachwiththeirownparticulartypeoffoodandspecialatmosphere,combinedwiththeincreasedqualityinthetypeofsnacksbeingoffered.Gonearethecheesesticksoftheolddays,whenappetizerswerenotreallytakenseriously.Somefavoritesnacksofthemomentareslicesofhotpizza,creamyfish-baseddishesandcrispycakesandsoon.Pricesforappetizersarenotequaltoafullmeal;however,theirnewpopularityhasmeantthatarebynomeansascheapastheyusedtobe.Certainly,forthatspecialoccasion,amealinanicerestaurant,completewiththepianoperformance,ishardtobeat.However,ifweseethatthistrendfor“butterflyeating”—movingaroundseveraldifferentplacesinoneevening—continues,thenallthetraditionalstylerestaurantsmaywellhavetoprovidetheirownappetizerbarsaswell!1、WhichofthefollowingcouldbestreflectthechangeofCaliforniapeople’seatinghabits?A.Peoplelovemoreinterestingrestaurants.B.Mostpeopleeatlessthantheyusedto.C.Afullrestaurantmealislosingpopularity.D.Foodiscombinedwithsportsandgames.2、WhatcanwelearnfromParagraph2that________.A.appetizersusedtoberelativelyimportantB.thequalityofsnackshasbeenimprovedC.restaurantshavetocaterfordifferentcustomersD.new-styleappetizersfueledtheboomofcateringbusiness3、Dinerswhopreferappetizersofnewtypes________.A.willbechargedmoreB.willbeservedbetterC.canenjoymusicperformanceD.caneatintheirneighborhoodText4Anewdevicethesizeofacoffeecupcanmakedrinkablewaterfromdryairusingnothingbutsunlight.Withthisdevice,“youcanharvestaglassofwaterinanhour,”saysOmarYaghi,achemistattheUniversityofCalifornia,Berkeley.“That’sabouthowmuchwaterapersonneedsadaytosurviveinthedesert.”Althoughthecurrentdeviceisjustaprototype(原型),thetechnologycouldbeadoptedtosupplyfreshwatertothemostremoteregionsoftheglobe,suchastheMiddleEastandNorthAfrica.Similardevicesinpreviousattemptsworkedonlybelow50percentrelativehumidity(湿度).Theycanextractwaterfromtheairevenatlowrelativehumidity.However,theyeithercollectwatertooslowlyorrequirelotsofenergy.However,thenewdevice,usinganewspecialmaterial,pullswaterfromairwithaslowas20percentrelativehumidityandsuccessfullyavoidsbothproblems.DevelopedbyMITengineersfromanexistingmaterial,thespecialmaterial,calledMOF-801,createsanetworkofverysmallpores(气孔)thatcantrapwatervapor.Atroomtemperature,watervaporcollectsinthepores.Astemperaturesrise,thewaterescapesintotheboxdesignedforwatercollection.Whenthedeviceisleftintheshade,thelayerofMOF-801collectswatervaporfromtheair.Whenmovedintodirectsunlight,thelayerheatsupandthewatervaporescapesintoabox,whichcoolsthevapor,makingitintodrinkablewater.Thisentireprocesstakesaroundtwohours.Laboratorytestsofthedeviceharvested2.8litersofwaterperday.Therefore,thedevicecouldbeusedusapersonalwatersourceindryregions,Yaghisays,orthetechonologycouldbeusedtoproduceenoughwaterforawholecommunity.1、ThenewdeviceisinventedtoaccordingtoYaghi.A.providesolarenegyB.makethedeserthospitableC.makewaterfromairD.measurehumidity2、Whathelpsthedeviceavoidtheproblemsofpreviousattempts?A.AnewmaterialcalledMOF-801.B.Largeporeswhichcantrapwater.C.Theboxcoolingwatervapor.D.Thelayerpoweredbythesun.3、Whichistherightorderofhowthedeviceworks?a.Collectvaporfromtheair.b.Thedeviceisleftintheshade.c.Thedeviceismovedinthesunlight.d.Coolthevaporintodrinkablewater.A.a→b→c→dB.b→a→c→dC.c→a→b→dD.a→c→b→dPartBDirections:ReadthefollowingtextandanswerthequestionsbychoosingthemostsuitablesubheadingfromthelistA-Gforeachnumberedparagraph(41-45).Therearetwoextrasubheadingswhichyoudonotneedtouse.MarkyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET.(10points)Haveyoueverthoughtaboutthebestmealyouhaveevereaten?Formanypeople,itisn’tjustaboutthequalityofthefood;itisalsoaboutgreatmemoriesofaparticularvacationorthepersonitwasshared1.Weasked100famouschefsaroundtheworld2.theirbestmealswere,andwegotsome3.(interest)answersAstheresearchersexpected,30%ofthechefs4.(survey)saidthattheirbestmealasakidwasstillwhattheylikedthemostasanadult20%5.(consider)amealinafancyrestaurantasthebestoneintheirlives,andanother10%saidthatamealwhiletheywereonvacationwiththeirwife6.husbandwasthebestofalltime15%saidasimplemealthattheyoftencookedathomeranked7.(high)thananyothermealAndthesamenumbersaidtheirbestdishwassomethingtheymadeattheplacewheretheyworked8.(surprising),10%ofthesechefssaidtheirfavoritemealoftheirentireliveswasatafastfoodrestaurant!Thesebest9.(cook)intheworldwouldpickMcDonald'sorKFCiftheyhadthechoiceofwhat10.(eat)China1.(witness)rapidgrowthindealingwithcasesbetweencitizensandgovernmentdepartmentsoverthepastfiveyearsBut2.(take)officialstocourt(法庭)wouldhavebeenunheardof30yearsago“Thequestionofwhethertoallowcitizenstosue(起诉)governmentdepartmentscausedheateddebatesbackthen,”saidYangJingyu,82,aretiredlawmaker3.atthetimewasamemberoftheStandingCommitteeoftheNationalPeopledCongressHelookedback4.discussionsabouttheMaritimeTrafficSafetyLaw,which5.(regard)asabasisofChina’slegalsystemButitstartedadebateonwhethergovernmentscouldbesued,becausesomeofficialsthoughtwhattheydoisinthenameofthecountryHoweverPengZhen,who6.(devote)tomakingthelaws,arguedthatitwouldbeunfair7.wedidnotallowcitizenstoappeal(上诉)incourtForexample,sailors,especially8.whohadworkedmanyyearstobecomecaptains,wouldbejoblessorfallintotroubleiftheywere9.(wrong)punishedNow,accordingtothelaws,courtsmustacceptcaseswithout10.(hesitate)iflitigants(当事人)provideenoughmaterialSectionIIITranslationDirections:TranslatethefollowingtextintoChinese.WriteyourtranslationontheANSWERSHEET.(15points)Lifeisfullofsurprisesandeventsthatsometimeschangeone’sdailyroutine.Someofthemmightbegoodandpleasant.1、Theunexpectedeventsmaycauseyouanxietyandstress.Soyouneedtofindsomewaystobelessaffectedbythem.2、Evenifyoulivethesamekindoflife,doingthesamethingsdayafterday,therecouldbeunexpectedevents.Soyouneedtorealizethatsucheventscan’tbeavoidedandyouneedtobepreparedforthem.Inthisway,you’llfinditeasiertodealwithwhateverhappensinyourlife.Haveapositiveattitude.Notallunexpectedeventsarebad.3、Forexample,evengettingfiredforworkcouldfinallyturnoutwell,asyoumightfindamoresatisfyingjob.Alwaysfocusonthepresentmoment,learningfromitandmakinguseofnewchangesthatcomeyourway.Inotherwords,makethemostofthepresentmoment,insteadofthinkingaboutwhatyoulost,orhowbadthesituationis.4、Introducesmallchangesintoyourlife.5、Youcantryeatingadifferentbreakfastordrinkteainthemorninginsteadofcoffee,ordothingsthatyouusuallydo,butinadifferentway.A.Thisisuselessandisawasteoftime.B.Admitthefactthatunexpectedeventsarepartoflife.C.However,therearesomethatarebadandunpleasant.D.Thinkbeforespeakingwhenfacingunexpectedevents.E.Thiswillhelpyoudealmoreeasilywithunexpectedevents.F.Sometimeswhatseemslikeaproblemcouldbeagoodthing.G.Itwouldbemuchmoreusefultothinkaboutthenewsituation.RiseandshinealldayMakingtheseeasytaskspartofyourmorningschedulewillimproveyournutrition,energy,andmoodtoday—andbeyond.StretchinbedTrythisevenbeforeyouopenyoureyes.Liftonearmandbeginbystretchingeachfinger,thenyourhand,thenyourwr

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