【英语】四川省眉山市东坡区2023-2024学年高二上11月期中联考试题(解析版)

四川省眉山市东坡区2023-2024学年高二上11月期中联考英语试题第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)略第二部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AOverthelastcentury,engineersallovertheworldhavesparednoefforttoachievetheunachievableinbridgedesign.Danyang-KunshanGrandBridgeNobridgeisaslongastheDanyang-KunshanGrandBridgeintheworld.The164.8-kilometre-longbridgebuiltin2011inChinaservesaspartoftheBeijing-ShanghaiHigh-SpeedRailway.ThetripfromNingbotoJiaxingthatpreviouslytook4.5hourshasbeenreducedtotwo,thankstothisbridge.Rio-NiteróiBridgeCompletedin1974,theRio-NiteróiBridgeinBrazilisthesecond-longestbridgeinallofLatinAmericaconnectingthecitiesofRioandNiteróiacrosstheGuanabaraBay.TheRio-NiteróiBridgeistechnicallyknownasa“box-girder(箱形梁)”bridge,madeofspecialconcrete.Itreceivesanastonishing140,000(ormore)vehiclesperday.HartlandCoveredBridgeTheHartlandCoveredBridgeistheworld’slongestcoveredbridge.The1,282-foot-longbridgewasopenedin1901andhasbeenonCanada’slistofNationalHistoricSitessince1980.Althoughitwasoriginallybuiltwithoutaroof,thebridgewascappedwithwoodenmaterialsduringtherepairsin1921.JiaozhouBayBridgeThenewly-builtJiaozhouBayBridgeinChinawasnamed“world’slongestbridgeoverwater”byGuinnessBookofWorldRecordsin2011,atitlepreviouslyheldbytheLakePontchartrainCauseway.Thedisputewassettledwhenthetitleof“longestcontinuousbridgeoverwater”wasgiventothecauseway,withtheJiaozhouBayBridgereceivingthetitleof“longestbridgeoverwater”.1.Onwhichofthefollowingcantrainspass?A.Danyang-KunshanGrandBridge.B.Rio-NiteróiBridge.C.HartlandCoveredBridge.D.JiaozhouBayBridge.2.WhatisspecialabouttheHartlandCoveredBridge?A.Itisabusybridge. B.Itwasbuiltin1980.C.Ithasaroof. D.Itisawoodenbridge.3.Wherecanyoufindthelongestbridgeoverwater?A.InAmerica. B.InBrazil. C.InCanada. D.InChina.【语篇解读】这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了过去的一个世纪里人类修建的四座有特色的桥梁。【答案】1.A2.C3.D1．【解析】细节理解题。根据Danyang-KunshanGrandBridge中“The164.8-kilometre-longbridgebuiltin2011inChinaservesaspartoftheBeijing-ShanghaiHigh-SpeedRailway.(这座164.8公里长的大桥建于2011年，是京沪高速铁路的一部分。)”可知，因为丹昆特大桥是京沪高铁的一部分，由此可知，火车可以从丹昆特大桥通过。故选A。2．【解析】细节理解题。根据HartlandCoveredBridge中“Althoughitwasoriginallybuiltwithoutaroof,thebridgewascappedwithwoodenmaterialsduringtherepairsin1921.(虽然这座桥最初是没有屋顶的，但在1921年的维修期间，桥上覆盖了木制材料。)”可知，加拿大哈特兰廊桥的特别之处在于它有木制屋顶。故选C。3．【解析】细节理解题。根据JiaozhouBayBridge中“Thenewly-builtJiaozhouBayBridgeinChinawasnamed“world’slongestbridgeoverwater”byGuinnessBookofWorldRecordsin2011,atitlepreviouslyheldbytheLakePontchartrainCauseway.(2011年，中国新建的胶州湾大桥被吉尼斯世界纪录评为“世界上最长的水上桥梁”，此前该头衔由庞恰特雷恩湖堤道保持。)”可知，在中国你可以找到最长的水上桥梁——胶州湾大桥。故选D。BWhenArvinKuipers,whograduatedfromBeijingUniversityofChineseMedicinein2017andlovesChineseculture,askshispatientstostickouttheirtonguesohecandiagnose(诊断)theirillness,manyareconfused.Kuipers,30,practicingTraditionalChineseMedicine(TCM)inAmsterdamintheNetherlands,said,“InTCMIneedtodofaceandtonguediagnosis.That’sstrangeforpeopleinmycountry.”Oneelderlywomanhadbeenvisitinghimoccasionallyforadvice,butherfirstexperiencewithTCMsurprisedher.Shehadneverexperiencedacupuncture(针灸)oranyotherTCMtreatment.“Shecamein,andIexaminedherfaceandtongue,”saidKuipers.“Itoldthepatientherkidneyswerenotdoingwellandthatshewasn’tgettingpropersleep.”Thewomanwasshockedbyhisinsightandaskedifhehadbeenspyingonher.“Actually,itwaseasytodiagnoseherconditionwhenIsawthedarkringsunderhereyes.Herenergylevelswerealsoverylowatthetime.”KuipersopenedhisTCMclinicinSeptember.Mostofhisworkinvolvesperformingacupuncture,cuppingaswellastuina—aTCMmassagethatpatientsintheWestlikethemost,hesaid.Insomecases,healsogavehispatientstraditionalherbalmedicines.KuipersusuallymakesacupofChineseteatocalmhispatientsiftheyarenervousabouttheacupunctureneedles.Healsoexplainstothemthemeridian(经络)system,whichisacentralconceptofTCM,yinandyang,andotherconcepts.“InTCM,goodhealthrequiresbalancedyinandyang,sopractitionersnotonlypayattentiontoapatient’sillness,butalsotohisorheroverallphysicalcondition,”saidKuipers.“TCMisalsoadifferentcultureandoffersanewperspective,insteadofbeingacuringmethod.”AsofearlyApril,Kuipershastreatedmorethan200patients,manyofwhomcometohiscliniceveryweek.“TCMdoeswork,andworkswell.Mypatientsreallyfeelbetterwithit,soIvalueit,andwhenmypatientsfeelbetterIalsofeelbetter.”4.Whatcanwelearnfromtheelderlywoman’sstoryinparagraph2?A.TheelderlywomantrustedTCMtreatmentinthebeginning.B.TCMisverydifferentfromthetreatmentinhercountry.C.TheelderlywomanusedtovisitKuipersalotforTCM.D.Theelderlywomanwasshockedatherkidneysnotdoingwell5.WhichTCMtreatmentismostwelcomedbythepatientsintheWest?A.Tuina. B.Acupuncture. C.Cupping. D.Herbalmedicines.6.Whatisparagraph4mainlyabout?A.WhyKuipers’patientsarefondofChinesetea.B.HowKuipersexplainsmeridiansystemtohispatients.C.HowKuipersappliesChinesecultureandtreatmentstopatients.D.WhyKuiperspayslittleattentiontooverallphysicalcondition.7.Whatistheauthor’spurposeinwritingthepassage?A.TopraiseKuipersforhisTCMtreatments.B.TostressthevalueofteachingforeignersTCM.C.ToshowthepopularityofTCMwithpatientsintheNetherlands.D.TotellthestoryofKuiperspractisingTCMintheNetherlands.【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了毕业于北京中医药大学的ArvinKuipers在荷兰阿姆斯特丹开设中医诊所行医的故事。【答案】4.B5.A6.C7.D4．【解析】推理判断题。根据第二段“Oneelderlywomanhadbeenvisitinghimoccasionallyforadvice,butherfirstexperiencewithTCMsurprisedher.Shehadneverexperiencedacupuncture(针灸)oranyotherTCMtreatment.(一位上了年纪的妇女偶尔会去找他咨询，但她第一次接触中医的经历让她大吃一惊。她从未经历过针灸或任何其他中医治疗)”可知，老妇人第一次接触中医时感到很惊讶。她从未体验过针灸或其他中医疗法。由此可推知，中医与老妇人所在国家的治疗方法是非常不同的。故选B。5．【解析】细节理解题。根据第三段“Mostofhisworkinvolvesperformingacupuncture,cuppingaswellastuina—aTCMmassagethatpatientsintheWestlikethemost,hesaid.(他说，他的大部分工作包括针灸、拔火罐和推拿——西方病人最喜欢的一种中医按摩)”可知，最受西方人欢迎的疗法是推拿。故选A。6．【解析】主旨大意题。根据第四段“KuipersusuallymakesacupofChineseteatocalmhispatientsiftheyarenervousabouttheacupunctureneedles.Healsoexplainstothemthemeridian(经络)system,whichisacentralconceptofTCM,yinandyang,andotherconcepts.“InTCM,goodhealthrequiresbalancedyinandyang,sopractitionersnotonlypayattentiontoapatient’sillness,butalsotohisorheroverallphysicalcondition,”saidKuipers.“TCMisalsoadifferentcultureandoffersanewperspective,insteadofbeingacuringmethod.”(如果病人对针灸针感到紧张，Kuipers通常会泡一杯中国茶来安抚他们。他还向他们解释了经络系统，这是中医的核心概念，阴阳和其他概念。“在中医中，身体健康需要阴阳平衡，所以从业者不仅要关注病人的疾病，还要关注他或她的整体身体状况，”Kuipers说。“中医也是一种不同的文化，提供了一个新的视角，而不是一种治疗方法。”)”可知，本段主要介绍了Kuipers在治疗病人时应用了中国文化。故选C。7．【解析】推理判断题。通读全文可知，本文前三段介绍了Kuipers学习中医、在荷兰用中医疗法给病人看病，最后两段介绍了Kuipers使用的中医疗法的效果。由此可推知，作者写这篇文章的目的是讲述Kuipers在荷兰实践中医的故事。故选D。CThejackfruitisadeliciousfruitfoundthroughoutcertainpartsofAsia.Butthereismoretothefruitthanjustitstaste.Whenconsideringthefruit’sEnglishname,itiseasytobecomeoverwhelmedwithquestionslike:“WhoisJack?Andwhydoeshehavehisownfruit?”Surprisingly,“jackfruit”isn’taperson’snameatall.Thefruit’snameoriginallycomesfromthesouthernIndianwordchakkapazham,withIndiathoughttobethefruit’splaceoforigin.Portugueseexplorerswhojourneyedtothisregionwentontocallitjack,whichleadsustothecurrentEnglishnameofjackfruit,accordingtoNationalPublicRadio(NPR).Unfortunately,noonecalledJackhasbeenproventobeinvolvedatanypointinthisprocess.Thereisanotherfood,however,thatwasdirectlynamedafteraperson—thesandwich.Inthe18thcentury,playingcardgameslateintothenightbecamefashionableinBritishhighsociety.JohnMontagu,the4thEarlofSandwich,startedthehabitoforderingpiecesofcoldbeefbetweentwopiecesofbreadinordertogetalate-nightsnackwithouthavingtoleavethegamingtableoruseaknifeandfork.Thisnewly-createdsnackkepthandscleansocardplayerscouldcontinueonwithoutdirtyingtheircards.Themidnightsnackquicklybecamepopularamongeverydaypeople,andbeforelongeveryonewasmakingtheirownsandwiches.Thatishowthesandwichwasinventedandgotitsname.Awayfromtheworldoffood,therearemoreexamplesofnamesinspiredbypeople.Longjohns,thewarmtrousersthatkeepuswarminwinter,aresaidtohavebeennamedaftertheUSboxerJohnL.Sullivanwhotooktowearingasimilartypeofgarmentinthering(比赛).Therearemanyotherinterestingetymologies(词源)intheEnglishlanguagelikethese.Sothenexttimeyoufindaninterestingname,whynotexploreitshistorytoo?8.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“overwhelmed”inthefirstparagraphprobablymean?A.Puzzled. B.Excited. C.Worried. D.Annoyed.9.Wheredoesthejackfruit’snamecomefrom?A.AplaceinIndia. B.AnIndianword.C.APortugueseexplorer. D.Adiscovererofthefruit.10.Whatdoweknowaboutthesandwichaccordingtothetext?A.Itwasnamedafterapopularcardgame.B.Itwasonceeatenasasnackinthedaytime.C.ItwasfirstpopularamongtheUK’smiddleclass.D.Itwascreatedfortheconvenienceofplayingcards.11.Whatistheauthor’spurposeinwritingthisarticle?A.Toraisereaders’interestinetymology. B.Tointroducethingsnamedafterpeople.C.Tostresstheimportanceoflearninghistory. D.Toexplaintheeffectsofpeople’snamesonfood.【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了英语中一些单词的起源以及背后的故事。【答案】8.A9.B10.D11.A8．【解析】词句猜测题。根据划线词后文““WhoisJack?Andwhydoeshehavehisownfruit?””可知，人们对这种水果的名字存在疑问“杰克是谁？他为什么有自己的果子呢？”，即对名字感到困惑。故划线词意思是“困惑的”。故选A。9．【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段“Thefruit’snameoriginallycomesfromthesouthernIndianwordchakkapazham,withIndiathoughttobethefruit’splaceoforigin.(这种水果的名字最初来自印度南部的单词chakkapazham，印度被认为是这种水果的原产地)”可知，杰克果的名字从一个印度词来的。故选B。10．【解析】细节理解题。根据第三段“Inthe18thcentury,playingcardgameslateintothenightbecamefashionableinBritishhighsociety.JohnMontagu,the4thEarlofSandwich,startedthehabitoforderingpiecesofcoldbeefbetweentwopiecesofbreadinordertogetalate-nightsnackwithouthavingtoleavethegamingtableoruseaknifeandfork.(在18世纪，打牌玩到深夜在英国上流社会成为一种时尚。三明治伯爵四世JohnMontagu养成了把冷牛肉夹在两片面包之间点餐的习惯，这样就不用离开赌桌或使用刀叉就能吃到夜宵)”可知，三明治是为了方便打牌而发明的。故选D。11．【解析】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Therearemanyotherinterestingetymologies(词源)intheEnglishlanguagelikethese.Sothenexttimeyoufindaninterestingname,whynotexploreitshistorytoo?(在英语中还有许多其他像这些有趣的词源。所以，下次当你发现一个有趣的名字时，为什么不去探索一下它的历史呢？)”可推知，作者写这篇文章的目的是提高读者对词源学的兴趣。故选A。D“Ilikepigs,”WinstonChurchillsupposedlyoncesaid.“Dogslookuptous.Catslookdownonus.Pigstreatusasequals.”WhetherChurchill’scontemporaryGeorgeOrwellalsolikedpigsislessclear.Buthe,too,surelysawsomethinginthemthatwaslackinginmanydomestic(驯养的)animals,foritwastheywhoendeduprunningtheshowinhisnovel,AnimalFarm.Pigs,then,areintelligentsocialcreatures.And,likeallanimals,theysometimesfight.Somepigstendtobeattackers;otherstendtobevictims.Whoiswhatdependslargelyonweight.Amongpigs,poundsmeanpower.Theattackermightbite,kickorpushthevictim.Mostconflictsendinseconds,butsomelastaminuteortwo.Inmostanimalspeciesfightswouldbelikethat.However,manyoftheconflictsamongpigsDrNorscia,abiologist,observedhadinterestedpartiesbeyondthefighters.Hethereforewantedtounderstandtheroleofthesebystandersinsolvingconflicts—andwhatthissaysaboutpigs’cognitive(认知的)abilities.Sincetherewasusuallynotenoughtimeforabystanderpigtobecomeinvolvedintheheatofaconflict,thoughthisdidoccur,DrNorscialookedatwhathappenedinthethreeminutesimmediatelyfollowingafight.Sometimes,hefound,thefighterswerereconciledwitheachotherontheirown.Themoredistantlyrelatedthefighterswere,themorefrequentlythishappened.DrNorsciaguessedthatrelationsbetweencloserelativesaremoresecuretostartwith,sorebuildingfriendlyrelationsrapidlyislessnecessaryforthem.Onotheroccasions,however,athirdpigsteppedin.Sometimesthisbystanderinteractedwiththeattacker,whichreducedthenumberofattackscomingafter.Sometimes,thebystanderinteractedwiththevictim.Thisappearedtocalmthevictimdown,foritreducedanxiety-relatedbehavior.Socialintelligenceneednot,though,beentirelyselfless.Pigsaremorelikelytostepinafteraconflictiftheyarecloselyrelatedtoeithertheattackerorthevictim.Thisisprobablyanexampleofkinselection(亲属选择),whichfavorsthedevelopmentofbehavior.12.WhyareChurchillandOrwellmentionedatthebeginning?A.Toshowtheirpreferenceforpigs. B.Toaddsomerelatedbackgrounds.C.Tointroducethetopicofthetext. D.Topresenttheirattitudetoanimals.13.Whatcanwelearnaboutpigs’fights?A.Theylastalittlebitlonger.B.Theyhappenmoreofteninthewild.C.Pigswithmorepoundstendtobethevictims.D.Therewouldnormallybeaudiencesduringthefights.14.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“werereconciled”probablymeaninparagraph4?A.Lookedup B.Madeup. C.Keptintouch. D.Figuredout.15.Whichofthefollowingreflectspigs’socialintelligence?A.Offeringcomforttovictimpigs.B.Formingspecialbondswithstrangers.C.Adjustingtheirbehavioraccordingly.D.Caringforotherswithselflessdevotion.【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了猪打架后如何和解，这证实了猪是非常聪明的。【答案】12.C13.D14.B15.A12．【解析】推理判断题。根据第一段中““Ilikepigs,”WinstonChurchillsupposedlyoncesaid.“Dogslookuptous.Catslookdownonus.Pigstreatusasequals.”WhetherChurchill’scontemporaryGeorgeOrwellalsolikedpigsislessclear.(据说温斯顿·丘吉尔曾经说过:“我喜欢猪。”“狗尊敬我们。猫看不起我们。猪对我们是平等的。”与丘吉尔同时代的乔治·奥威尔是否也喜欢猪就不那么清楚了。)”并联系下文对猪的探讨可推知，作者一开始就提到丘吉尔和奥威尔是为了引出本文要探讨的话题。故选C项。13．【解析】细节理解题。根据第三段“However,manyoftheconflictsamongpigsDrNorscia,abiologist,observedhadinterestedpartiesbeyondthefighters.Hethereforewantedtounderstandtheroleofthesebystandersinsolvingconflicts—andwhatthissaysaboutpigs’cognitive(认知的)abilities.(然而，生物学家Norscia博士观察到，在猪之间的许多冲突中，除了打架者之外，还有其他利益相关方。因此，他想了解这些旁观者在解决冲突中的作用，以及这对猪的认知能力有何影响。)”可知，猪打架的特别之处是它们会有旁观者。故选D项。14．【解析】词义猜测题。根据第四段中“Themoredistantlyrelatedthefighterswere,themorefrequentlythishappened.Dr.Norsciaguessedthatrelationsbetweencloserelativesaremoresecuretostartwith,sorebuildingfriendlyrelationsrapidlyislessnecessaryforthem.(打架者的亲缘关系越远，这种情况发生的频率就越高。Norscia博士猜测，近亲之间的关系一开始就更安全，因此迅速重建友好关系对他们来说就不那么必要。)”可知，Norscia博士发现，打架者会自行和解，建立友好关系。故可猜测划线单词reconciled为“和解”的意思。A.Lookedup抬起头来；B.Madeup和解；C.Keptintouch保持联系；D.Figuredout弄明白了。故选B项。15．【解析】推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Onotheroccasions,however,athirdpigsteppedin.Sometimesthisbystanderinteractedwiththeattacker,whichreducedthenumberofattackscomingafter.Sometimes,thebystanderinteractedwiththevictim.Thisappearedtocalmthevictimdown,foritreducedanxiety-relatedbehavior.(然而，在其他情况下，第三只猪会介入。有时，这个旁观者与攻击者互动，这减少了随后的攻击次数。有时，旁观者会与受害者互动。这似乎使受害者平静下来，因为它减少了与焦虑相关的行为。)”可知，旁观者在解决冲突中起到了一定作用，安慰受害者，与攻击者互动，这反映了猪的社会智能。故选A项。第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。WhyCookingMealsatHomeBenefitsMoreThanJustYourWalletWhenhungerstrikes,theconvenienceofenteringafast-foodrestaurantororderingtakeoutcanbeterriblyattractive.____16____However,whenitbecomesaroutine,yourwaistline,yourwalletandyourhealthcanbebadlyaffected.Herearefourreasonstomakecookingathomeyouroption.·It’scheaper.Youcouldspend$100atafancyrestaurantforonedinner,whilethesameamountofmoneycouldbuyyougroceriesforaweek.Whenyoushopsmartandgetcreative,youneedn’tspendmorethan$1onbreakfast,$2onlunchand$4ondinnertopurchasewholesome,healthyfoods.Here’show:____17____·Itmayreduceyourexposuretocertainchemicals.Themostsurprisingbenefitofcookingathomecandecreasetheamountofharmfulchemicalsyou’reexposedto.____18____Commonintakeoutandfast-foodpackaging,thosechemicalshavebeenassociatedwithmanydiseases.Foodpackagingcanalsocontainotherdamagingcompounds(化合物).·Youcanbetterestimatecalories.____19____Thatiswhypeopletendtoconsumeextracalorieswhendiningawayfromhome.Onthecontrary,youhavecompletecontroloverthefoodmaterialswhenyoucookinyourownkitchen.Choosingfiber-packedvegetablesandmeatcontaininglessfatwillhelpkeepyourcaloriesundercontrol.Sowillthewayyoucookyourfood.Ratherthanfrying,chooseroasting.·____20____Manychefsusealotofsaltwhilecooking.Whilesaltcanmakefoodtastier,toomuchofitislinkedtoserioushealthissueslikeheartdiseaseandhighbloodpressure.Athome,youcancontrolthequantityofsaltonyourplatebyseasoningfoodinotherways,likeusinglemonjuice.Thesamegoesforsugar.Youcanusesmallerquantitiesofnaturalsweetenerslikehoneytoaddsweetnesstoyourfood.Toomuchaddedsugarislinkedtosomediseasesaswell.A.Youcanreduceaddedsaltandsugar.B.Eatingoutcanmakecaloriecountingtricky.C.Buyinlargequantitiesandsticktostore-branditems.D.Saltandsugararebothessentialsincookingdeliciousfoods.E.Relyingonfoodawayfromhomeoccasionallyistotallyacceptable.F.Peoplearealwaystooengagedintheirworktocookathomepersonally.G.Peoplecookingathomehavelowerlevelsofdangerouschemicalsintheirbodies.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了在家做饭的好处。【答案】16.E17.C18.G19.B20.A16．【解析】根据空前内容“Whenhungerstrikes,theconvenienceofenteringafast-foodrestaurantororderingtakeoutcanbeterriblyattractive.(当饥饿来袭时，进入快餐店或叫外卖的便利可能非常有吸引力。)”可知，饥饿的时候叫外卖非常有吸引力。而空后内容“However,whenitbecomesaroutine,yourwaistline,yourwalletandyourhealthcanbebadlyaffected.(然而，当它成为一种习惯，你的腰围，你的钱包和你的健康可能会受到严重影响。)”则表明外卖对我们的钱包、身体都有影响。选项E“Relyingonfoodawayfromhomeoccasionallyistotallyacceptable.(偶尔在外面吃点东西是完全可以接受的。)”承上启下，承接上文的内容，指出偶尔出去吃是可以的；同时引出下文经常在外面吃饭并没有好处。故选E。17．【解析】根据上文内容“Whenyoushopsmartandgetcreative,youneedn’tspendmorethan$1onbreakfast,$2onlunchand$4ondinnertopurchasewholesome,healthyfoods.(当你聪明购物并且有创意时，你不需要在早餐上花超过1美元，在午餐上花2美元，在晚餐上花4美元来购买健康的食物。)”可知，上文提到的其实是不需要花很多钱在吃饭上。而空前内容“Here’show(方法如下：)”则暗示，空处为具体操作方法。选项C“Buyinlargequantitiesandsticktostore-branditems.(大量购买，坚持购买商店品牌的商品。)”与上文内容一致，指的都是聪明购物。故选C。18．【解析】根据上文内容“Themostsurprisingbenefitofcookingathomecandecreasetheamountofharmfulchemicalsyou’reexposedto.(在家做饭最令人惊讶的好处是可以减少你接触的有害化学物质的数量。)”可知，在家做饭可以减少你接触的有害化学物质的数量。选项G“Peoplecookingathomehavelowerlevelsofdangerouschemicalsintheirbodies.(在家做饭的人体内的危险化学物质含量较低。)”与上文内容一致，指的都是在家做饭可以减少接触有害化学物质。故选G。19．【解析】根据空后内容“Thatiswhypeopletendtoconsumeextracalorieswhendiningawayfromhome.(这就是为什么人们在外出就餐时往往会摄入额外的卡路里。)”可知，空后指的是人们在外面就餐时摄入的卡路里较多。选项B“Eatingoutcanmakecaloriecountingtricky.(外出就餐会让计算卡路里变得棘手。)”与下文内容一致，指的都是在外面就餐摄入的卡路里较多。故选B。20．【解析】空处为小标题，为本段主要内容。根据下文“Manychefsusealotofsaltwhilecooking.Whilesaltcanmakefoodtastier,toomuchofitislinkedtoserioushealthissueslikeheartdiseaseandhighbloodpressure.Athome,youcancontrolthequantityofsaltonyourplatebyseasoningfoodinotherways,likeusinglemonjuice.Thesamegoesforsugar.Youcanusesmallerquantitiesofnaturalsweetenerslikehoneytoaddsweetnesstoyourfood.Toomuchaddedsugarislinkedtosomediseasesaswell.(许多厨师在烹饪时使用大量的盐。虽然盐可以使食物更美味，但过多的盐会导致心脏病和高血压等严重的健康问题。在家里，你可以通过其他方式调味食物来控制盘子里的盐量，比如用柠檬汁。糖也是如此。你可以使用少量的天然甜味剂，比如蜂蜜来增加食物的甜味。过多的添加糖也与一些疾病有关。)”可知，本段主要讲述的是在家做饭可以减少盐和糖的使用。选项A“Youcanreduceaddedsaltandsugar.(你可以减少添加的盐和糖。)”正是本段主要内容。故选A。第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Onceayear,Igivemytwochildrenmoney.Theonly___21___is,theyhavetogiveitaway.Igivethemeach$100.Theyknowitisalotofmoney,sotheyare___22___howtheyuseit.Itistheirjobtofindoutwhoinour___23___isdoingthingsthattheyfeelgoodabout,andthen___24___whowillgetthemoney,andwhy.Givingawaymoney,evenifitisonlytenortwentydollars,isawonderfulwaytolearnaboutthe___25___workpeoplearedoingrightinyourownneighborhood.Itmakesusgetoutofour___26___zone,askaround,talktopeoplewewouldn’t___27___talkto,andaskquestionsaboutwhattheproblemsareandwhatpeoplearedoingtomakethembetter.Everyone___28___.Mykidslearnaboutthecommunityandthepowerofgiving.Andpeopleinthecommunity,whoareoftenvolunteeringtheirowntimeandmoney,feelthattheireffortsareseenand___29___insomeway.Lastyear,theybothchosetogivetheirmoneytoashelterforrunaway____30____.Theyvisitedafewplacesthat____31____suggestionsorinstructionstoyoungpeople,andfeltthisplacewasespeciallywelcoming.Whentheyhandedthe____32____tothedirector,whohadnoideathesechildrenwere“philanthropists(慈善家)”,everyonewasin____33____howgoodthedayturnedouttobe.Thisexercisemaybe____34____asoftenaspossible.Itcannotpossiblyfail.Youdonotneedto____35____holidays,andyoudon’tneedchildren.Youcandoityourself,onanydayyoulike.21．A.request B.question C.complaint D.action22．A.nervous B.anxious C.careful D.ambitious23．A.school B.world C.community D.family24．A.indicate B.decide C.decline D.reject25.A.physical B.accurate C.complex D.positive26．A.development B.time C.security D.comfort27．A.simply B.normally C.remarkably D.partially28．A.gains B.attempts C.sighs D.talks29．A.impressed B.honored C.spared D.pursued30．A.adults B.teammates C.teens D.workers31．A.offered B.collected C.committed D.created32．A.survey B.budget C.campaign D.money33．A.thought B.person C.practice D.surprise34．A.spread B.repeated C.hosted D.consulted35．A.believein B.bringin C.waitfor D.setaside【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者每年都会给自己孩子一些钱去做善事，以此来教育孩子要乐于助人的故事。【答案】21.A22.C23.C24.B25.D26.D27.B28.A29.B30.C31.A32.D33.D34.B35.C21．【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：唯一的要求是，他们必须把它赠送出去。A.request请求，要求；B.question问题；C.complaint投诉；D.action行动。由下文“theyhavetogiveitaway”可知，作者这里“要求”孩子们把钱赠送出去。故选A项。22．【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他们知道这是一大笔钱，所以他们在使用时很小心。A.nervous紧张的；B.anxious焦虑的；C.careful小心的；D.ambitious雄心勃勃的。由上文“Theyknowitisalotofmoney”可知，他们知道这是一大笔钱，所以要“小心”使用。故选C项。23．【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们的工作是找出我们社区中谁在做让他们感觉良好的事情，然后决定谁会得到这笔钱，以及为什么。A.school学校；B.world世界；C.community社区；D.family家庭。由下文“Andpeopleinthecommunity,whoareoftenvolunteeringtheirowntimeandmoney”可知，这里指孩子们需要在“社区”找要赠送钱的人。故选C项。24．【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们的工作是找出我们社区中谁在做让他们感觉良好的事情，然后决定谁会得到这笔钱，以及为什么。A.indicate表示；B.decide决定；C.decline下降；D.reject拒绝。由下文“whowillgetthemoney,andwhy”可知，作者这里让孩子们“决定”把钱给谁。故选B项。25．【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：捐钱，即使只有十或二十美元，也是了解你所在社区人们正在做的积极工作的好方法。A.physical身体的；B.accurate准确的；C.complex复杂的；D.positive积极乐观的。由下文“peoplearedoingrightinyourownneighborhood”以及语境可知，这里指捐款是了解你所在社区人们正在做的“积极”工作的好方法。故选D项。26．【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：它让我们走出舒适区，四处询问，与我们通常不会交谈的人交谈，并询问难题是什么，以及人们正在做什么来让他们变得更好。A.development发展；B.time时间；C.security安全；D.comfort安慰，舒适。由下文“askaround,talktopeoplewewouldn’t______talkto”可知，这里指要走出“舒适”区，去四处询问，与他人沟通。故选D项。27．【解析】考查副词词义辨析。句意：它让我们走出舒适区，四处询问，与我们通常不会交谈的人交谈，并询问难题是什么，以及人们正在做什么来让他们变得更好。A.simply简单地；B.normally通常；C.remarkably显著地；D.partially部分地。由上文“talktopeoplewewouldn’t”可知，这里指要和“通常”我们不会交谈的人交谈。故选B项。28．【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：人人皆有收获。A.gains获得，收获；B.attempts尝试；C.sighs叹气；D.talks谈话。由下文“Mykidslearnaboutthecommunityandthepowerofgiving.Andpeopleinthecommunity,whoareoftenvolunteeringtheirowntimeandmoney,feelthattheireffortsareseenand_____insomeway.”可知，这里指作者孩子和社区的人皆有“收获”。故选A项。29．【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：社区里的人们经常自愿投入自己的时间和金钱，他们觉得自己的努力在某种程度上得到了认可和尊重。A.impressed给……留下了深刻印象；B.honored尊重；C.spared不遗余力；D.pursued追求。由上文“feelthattheireffortsareseenand”可知，这里指社区人们感觉自己的努力获得了认可和“尊重”。故选B项。30．【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：去年，他们都选择把钱捐给一个收容逃亡青少年的收容所。A.adults成年人；B.teammates队友；C.teens青少年；D.workers工人。由下文“suggestionsorinstructionstoyoungpeople”可知，这里指捐钱给“青少年”的收容所。故选C项。31．【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们参观了一些为年轻人提供建议或指导的地方，觉得这个地方特别受欢迎。A.offered提供；B.collected收集；C.committed承诺；D.created创建。由下文“suggestionsorinstructionstoyoungpeople”可知，这里指他们参观了一个给年轻人“提出”建议或指导的地方。故选A项。32．【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：当他们把钱交给负责人时，负责人根本不知道这些孩子是“慈善家”，每个人都惊讶于这一天的结果有多好。A.survey调查；B.budget预算；C.campaign运动；D.money钱。由上文“theyhavetogiveitaway”以及“Igivethemeach$100”可知，这里指孩子把“钱”给了收容所负责人。故选D项。33．【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：当他们把钱交给负责人时，负责人根本不知道这些孩子是“慈善家”，每个人都惊讶于这一天的结果有多好。A.thought想法；B.person人；C.practice实践；D.surprise惊喜。由下文“howgoodthedayturnedouttobe”以及语境可知，这里指人们都“惊讶”发现这一天是多么美好。故选D项。34．【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：可以尽可能频繁地重复此活动。A.spread散布；B.repeated重复；C.hosted主持；D.consulted咨询。由下文“asoftenaspossible”以及语境可知，这里指这样的活动应该尽可能多地“重复”做。故选B项。35．【解析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：你不需要等待假期，也不需要孩子。A.believein相信；B.bringin引入；C.waitfor等待；D.setaside搁置。由下文“Youcandoityourself,onanydayyoulike”可知，这里指我们不需要“等待”到假期时才做，我们随时都可以做这样的好事。故选C项。第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。ThisisthefamousSanxingduiRuinssite,whichisinSouthwestChina’sSichuanprovince.TheSanxingduiRuins____36____(believe)tobetheremnants(遗迹)oftheShuKingdom,datingbacksome5,000to3,000years.Ancientcitywalls,palacesandmanygold,ivoryandbronze____37____(artifact)unearthedhere____38____(true)provedtheexistenceoftheancientShuKingdomandthediversityofChinesecivilization.The____39____(culture)relicsunearthedherelookquiteexotic.Themostrepresentativeoneisabronzemaskwithprotrudingeyes.Themaskis66centimetersin____40____(high)and138centimeterswide.Itsweightisabout71.9kilograms,similarto____41____ofanadultman.Ithasupturnedbrows,almondeyes,hugeearsandamysterioussmile.It’seyesstickout16centimeters,justlikeatelescopelookingupatthesky.Itsmysteriousappearancehasarousedheateddiscussionamongresearchers.TheexaggeratedeyesandearsreflectadesireoftheancientShupeople,____42____wereunabletoseeorhearanythinginthedistanceduetolackofnecessarytools.Therefore,whenmakingtheb