2024年高考英语模拟卷（江苏卷02）（全解全析）

2024年高考英语第一次模拟考试（江苏卷02）（考试时间：120分钟试卷满分：150分）注意事项：1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号等填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置上。2．回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。3．考试范围：高考考试范围。4.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1．Whatdoesthewomanmean?A．She’sbeenextremelybusy.B．Shedreamsofbeingamillionaire.C．She’sproudofbeingabletodomanythings.【答案】A【原文】M:You’relookingalittlestressed.W:Ihaveamillionthingstodo,andallofthemhavetobefinishedwithinthreehours.2．Whydidthemanleavehispreviousjob?A．Tostudyfurther. B．Tobeefamous. C．Tofindanewjob.【答案】A【原文】W:Weletoourpany.We’dlikeyoutotellusaboutyourworkexperience.M:Iworkedatafamouspanyfortwoyears.W:Canyoutelluswhyyouleft?M:IleftbecauseIwentbacktostudyandgetmymaster’sdegree.3．Whatistheconversationmainlyabout?A．Skinproblems. B．Eatinghabits. C．Healthcare.【答案】B【原文】W:Ican’tbelieveyoueattheskinofyourapple.Idon’teatit,asittastessour.M:Idon’tcaremuchforthetaste,butforitshealthbenefit.Ieattheskinofpearstooforthesamereason.4．Whatwillthemandobeforegoingintotown?A．Eathisbreakfast. B．Havehishaircut. C．Visitabookshop.【答案】A【原文】W:AreyouallreadytogobacktoschoolonMonday?M:Iwillbe,aftertoday!Ijusthavetobuyatextbookfromthebookshop,andgetmyhaircut.I’mgoingintotownassoonasI’vehadbreakfast.5．Whydoesthewomanwanttoborrowacar?A．Toseeafilm. B．Tomeetherparents. C．Togotoaparty.【答案】B【原文】W:CanIuseyourcar?I’mgoingtopickupmyparentsatthetrainstation.M:Allright.Hereisthekey.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。【听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。】6．Whatistheconversationmainlyabout?A．Apicture B．Adesigner C．Abuilding.7．Whichsubjectdoesthewomanlikebest？A．Math. B．Music. C．History.【答案】6．A7．C【原文】W:Youknow,I’veneverseenthepicturesyoutookofNewYork,M:Didn’tIshowthemtoyouafterIgotback?Well,Ihavethemwithme.Lookatthisone.W:Fantastic.Wherewasthistaken?M:FromthetopoftheWorldTradeCenter.DoyouknowtheStatueofLibertywasdesignedbyaFrenchman?W:Uhhuh.Bartholdi.ItwasgiventotheUnitedStatesbyFranceonthe100thbirthdayoftheUSindependence.M:Youknowalotabouthistory.W:Historyismyfavoritesubject!M:Oh,Ithoughtyoulikemathbest!Well,let’slookatanotherone.【听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。】8．Whatdoesthewomanprobablydo?A．Adoctor B．Anassistant. C．Aprofessor9．Whenwillthemangotoseethedoctor?A．OnWednesday B．OnThursday. C．OnFriday.【答案】8．B9．C【原文】W:Goodmorning.ThisisDoctorWhite’soffice.MayIhelpyou?M:I’dliketomakeanappointmenttoseethedoctorthisweek.W:Well,I’mafraidheisfullybookedonMondayandTuesday.HowaboutWednesday?M:IhaveclassesattheuniversityonWednesday.WillThursdaybeOK?W:Sorry,I’mafraidheisfullybookedonThursdaytoo.M:Friday?W:Yes!HewillbefreeonFridaythisweek.HowaboutFridaymorning?M:Iprefersometimeintheafternoonifit’spossible.Thankyou!【听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。】10．What’sthefirststeptodealwiththeburn?A．Coolitwithrunningwater. B．Pressitforfiveminutes. C．Putsomeiceonit.11．WhatdoesMr.Brucesuggestdoingatlast?A．Keepingtheburnfromtheair. B．Takingsomemedicine. C．Stayingawayfromchildren.12．WhatdoesMr.Bruceprobablydo?A．Areporter. B．Adoctor. C．Ateacher.【答案】10．A11．B12．B【原文】W:Mr.Bruce,therearemoreburncaseshappeningtoday.Couldyoutellmesomesimplewaystodealwithburns?M:I’mgladtotellyousomeeffectiveways.Firstyoushouldputtheburnedareaundercoldrunningwaterabout5minutes.W:Coldrunningwater?M:Yes.Itcantaketheheatawayfromtheburnedskin.W:CanIputiceontheburn?M:No,itissocold.Aftertheburncoolsdown,coveritwithabandage.Itcanprotecttheburnedskinfromtheair,thusreducethepain.W:That’sall?M:Atlast,you’dbettertakesomemedicine,suchasaspirin.Butbecarefulnottogiveaspirintochildren.Itisdangerousforthemtoswallow.W:Thankyou,Mr.Bruce.【听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。】13．Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A．Hostessandguest. B．Musicianandfan. C．Directorandactress.14．Whatwillhappenintenminutes?A．Apetitionwillbeannounced.B．Amonkeywilldriveatoycar.C．Aspecialguestwillarrive.15．Whoistheman’snewshowraisingmoneyfor?A．Talentedactors. B．Localchildren. C．Oldpeople.16．Whatdotheaudiencesthinkofthenewshow?A．It’scrazy. B．It’sgreat. C．It’sboring.【答案】13．A14．A15．C16．B【原文】W:It’snow8:05a.m.andyou’relisteningtoDriveTime.Inabouttenminutes,I’llbetellingyouallaboutournewpetitiontowinticketstotheArcticMonkeys.Butbeforethat,I’mspeakingtoourspecialguest,DaveHaddon,fromtheCriterionTheater.Hi,Dave.M:Hello,thanksforhavingme.W:You’reheretotellusaboutthenewshowyou’redirecting,TheSoundofMusic.It’sawellknownmusicalplay,butyourshowisgoingtobeabitdifferent,right?M:That’sright.Thewholethingisgoingtobeputtogetherinjust48hours.W:Wow…That’samazing.Butwhydoyoudoitallin48hours?M:It’sjustafunwaytoraisemoneyforalocalcharity,whichhelpsoldpeopleinthearea.W:Wonderful!So,howdoyoumakeit?Dotheactorsevensleep?M:Notmuch!Therearekidsinthisshow,andtheyneedtimetorest.Buteveryoneelsewillbeatthetheaterallnight.W:Wow,itsoundscrazy!M:Itis!Butit’sahugeamountoffun,andaudiencesseemtoloveit.【听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。】17．Whoisthespeakerprobablytalkingto?A．Collegestudents. B．Foreigntourists. C．Newemployees.18．Whereisthehealthcenter?A．Behindthemainbuilding. B．Nearthemainentrance. C．Abovethedininghall.19．Whatdoweknowabouttheswimmingpool?A．It’sfreeofcharge. B．It’sopenalldaylong. C．It’sattheleisurecenter.20．WhydoesthespeakerremendJenny’sRestaurant?A．Itfeatureshotdishes. B．Itoffersaffordablefoods. C．Itdeliversmealsanytime.【答案】17．C18．A19．B20．B【原文】W:Now,asyou’renew,I’mjustgoingtoshowyouamapofthehospitalandpointoutafewkeyplaces.Atthemoment,we’reinthemainbuilding,that’sthere...andifyougooutofthemainentranceandjustalongthemainroadtotheeast,you’llfindthestaffleisurecenter.There’sarangeofthingsthatyoucandoheretohelpyourelax.Ifyougetill,wedohaveahealthcenterforallemployees,andthisisdirectlybehindthemainhospitalbuilding.Andthereisasmallgardennexttoit.Manyofyoumightliketogotothe24hourswimmingpool.They’reverycloseby,anditdoesn’tcostmuchmoneytogetin.Finally,ifyouwantahealthymealandyouhaveverylittletimetogetit,ofcoursethere’salwaysthedininghallinsidethemainbuilding.ButIwouldremendaplacecalledJenny’sRestaurantwhichisnearthemainbuilding.Youcangetanumberofexcellentdisheshereatareasonableprice.Well,Ithinkthat’sall.Thankyou.第二部分阅读(共两节,满分50分)第一节(共15小题:每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。ATherearedayswheneventhebestwritersneedalittleassistancegettingintotheircreativeflow.So,whenoneofthosedaysstrikes,youmayneedatoolkitofthebestappstorelyon.Herearesomechoices.ChatGPTChatGPTisagreattoolforsparkinginspirationandoutliningideasjustaskitaquestion,ormandittowritesomething,andseewhatitgenerates.ChatGPTcanassistinproducinghighqualitycontentthat’sgrammaticallycorrectandcoherent.Italsoprocessesandanalyzesinformationquickly,generatingtextmuchfasterthanahuman.Thiscanbeespeciallyusefulifyouneedtowritealargeamountofcontentinashortamountoftime.ScrivenerScrivenerisamusthavetoolforlongformwriters.Bothan“outliner”planningtoolandawordprocessor,Scrivenerallowsyoutoplanyournovelorscreenplaybybreakingyourwritingintosectionsandoutliningwhateachbitwillinclude.Youcanalsoorganizenotes,concepts,research,andwholedocumentsintoits“Binder”foreasyaccessandreference.DailyPromptDailyPromptencouragesyoutogotcreativeeverydaywithanewpromptevery24hours.Itprovidesyouwithaprompteveryday,oryoucanbrowseexistingpromptsfordifferentgenres,suchashorrorandadventure.Acreativepromptcanencourageyoutocontinuethestoryor“writingobstacles”withaninstructiondesignedtochallengeyoutowritemorecreatively.WordtuneWordtuneisanAIpoweredwritingassistantthathelpsyouimproveyourwritingbyprovidingrealtimefeedbackongrammar,punctuation,andstyle.Itcanbeusedforeverythingfromacademicianwritingtobusinessemailsandblogposts.Itcanalsohelponwordchoicebyhighlightingwordsusedinthewrongcontextandreplacingthemwithsuitablewordsorphrases.Mostimportantly,itistotallyfree.21．Whichappissuitableforanovelist?A．ChatGPT. B．Scrivener. C．DailyPrompt. D．Wordtune.22．WhatisanadvantageofWordtune?A．Ithasafreetrialperiodforstudents.B．Itcanprovideyoufacetofacefeedback.C．Itcanhighlightyourbeautifulexpressions.D．Itcanbeusedfordifferentwritingpurposes.23．Whatisthemonfeatureoftheapps?A．Theycansparkcreativity.B．Theycanofferregularinstructions.C．Theycanaskandanswerquestions.D．Theycancorrectgrammaticalmistakes.【答案】21．B22．D23．A【导语】本文是一篇应用文。主要介绍的是四个可以帮助写作的四个应用程序。细节理解题。根据Scrivener部分中的“Bothan“outliner”planningtoolandawordprocessor,Scrivenerallowsyoutoplanyournovelorscreenplaybybreakingyourwritingintosectionsandoutliningwhateachbitwillinclude.(作为一个“提纲”计划工具和文字处理器，Scrivener可以让你通过将你的写作分成几个部分并列出每个部分将包括的内容来计划你的小说或剧本。)”可知，Scrivener可以将写作分成几个部分，并列出每部分包括的内容来计划你要写的小说或剧本，由此可知，Scrivener适合小说家。故选B项。细节理解题。根据Wordtune部分中的“Itcanbeusedforeverythingfromacademicianwritingtobusinessemailsandblogposts.Itcanalsohelponwordchoicebyhighlightingwordsusedinthewrongcontextandreplacingthemwithsuitablewordsorphrases.(它可以用于从学术写作到商业电子邮件和博客文章的所有内容。)”可知，Wordtune可以用于学术写作，商业电子邮件以及博客文章的写作，由此可知，Wordtune可以用于不同的写作目的。故选D项。23．细节理解题。根据首段中的“Therearedayswheneventhebestwritersneedalittleassistancegettingintotheircreativeflow.So,whenoneofthosedaysstrikes,youmayneedatoolkitofthebestappstorelyon.Herearesomechoices.(有时候，即使是最好的作家也需要一些帮助才能进入他们有创造力的流程。所以，当那些日子来临时，你可能需要一个最好的应用程序工具包来依赖。这里有一些选择。)”可知，最好的作家也需要一些帮助进入有创造力的流程，本文介绍的四个应用程序可以供作家们去选择，由此可知，这四个应用程序的共同特征是它们能激发创造力。故选A项。BAnyannaPhilippsisnoordinaryteacher.She’sanadmiredkindergarteneducatorforwhomteachingisamission.Shebelievesthatselfrespectandstrongrelationshipsaretherealbuildingblocksofeducationaldevelopmentandthepathtoselfactualizationinlife.AndPhilipps,knownasCoolMissP,continuestowinheartsonsocialmedia,aswellasintheclassroom,withmillionsofviewsonTikTokandInstagram.Philipps,fromGeorgia,intheUS,isonamissiontoputselfrespectintothelittleonessheworkswith.Shehashungamirroronherclassroomdoorsothechildrencanpracticedaily“mirroraffirmations(肯定)”assheenthusiasticallyencouragesthemto“bethebestthatyoucanbe”.Sinceshewasyoung,Philippswastoldbypeoplearoundherthatherloveforchildrenwouldmakeheragreatteacheroneday.Shewasalsoinspiredbyseveralofherownteachers.Thenaseriousaccidentlastyearmadeherfeelgratefulforlivingandencouragedhertobringjoyintoherclassroom.Shetriestomakesurethatherstudentsarehappybyputtingherheartintodevelopingtheteacherstudentrelationship.PhilippssharesoneofherInstagramposts:“Iamstickingtomypurpose.Iamateacher,workingtoimpact,inspire,andelevateallofthesepreciouslittlelives.Foryoungkids,positiveaffirmationscanhelpmakethemfeelcapableofdoingmore‘bigkid’things.Theycanalsohelpincreasekids’selfrespectandmakethemmoreresilient(有承受力)tobullyingandothernegativelifesituations.”CoolMissPputsthisideaintoactioneachandeveryschooldaytoinspireallheryoungstudents.Soit’snotsurprisingthatsomanypeopleviewingherpostsleavementssayingthattheworldneedsmoreteacherslikeher.24．WhydoesPhilippshangamirroronherclassroomdoor?A．Toraisestudents’confidence. B．Todecoratetheclassroom.C．Tolighttheclassroom. D．Tocheckstudents’appearance.25．WhatdidPhilippsdecidetodoaftertheaccident?A．Askpreviousteachersforadvice.B．Strengthenconnectionwithstudents.C．Carryoutteachingoutsidetheclassroom.D．Attractpeople’sattentiontoearlyeducation.26．Whatistheimpactofherpositiveaffirmationsforchildren?A．Theywillbeinaneasiersituation.B．Theywillsubmittobullyingoncampus.C．Theycandealwithchallengespositively.D．Theywillfeellesshesitanttoaskforhelp.27．Whatispeople’sattitudetowardsPhilipps’spracticeinteaching?A．Approving. B．Indifferent. C．Unclear. D．Doubtful.【答案】24．A25．B26．C27．A【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述AnyannaPhilipps用“镜子肯定”法让学生建立自信。24.推理判断题。根据第二段的“Shehashungamirroronherclassroomdoorsothechildrencanpracticedaily“mirroraffirmations(肯定)”assheenthusiasticallyencouragesthemto“bethebestthatyoucanbe”.(她在教室门上挂了一面镜子，这样孩子们就可以每天练习“镜子肯定”，她热情地鼓励他们“尽你所能做到最好”)”可知，Philipps挂镜子在教室门口是为了让孩子肯定自己。由此推知，她这样作的目的是提高孩子们的自信。故选A。25．细节理解题。根据第三段的“Thenaseriousaccidentlastyearmadeherfeelgratefulforlivingandencouragedhertobringjoyintoherclassroom.Shetriestomakesurethatherstudentsarehappybyputtingherheartintodevelopingtheteacherstudentrelationship.(去年的一次严重事故让她对自己的生活感到感激，并鼓励她把快乐带进课堂。她努力通过全心全意地发展师生关系来确保学生们的快乐)”可知，一场事故后Philipps决定加强与学生的关系，以确保他们是快乐的。故选B。26．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段的“Foryoungkids,positiveaffirmationscanhelpmakethemfeelcapableofdoingmore‘bigkid’things.Theycanalsohelpincreasekids’selfrespectandmakethemmoreresilient(有承受力)tobullyingandothernegativelifesituations.”(对于年幼的孩子来说，积极的肯定可以让他们觉得自己有能力做更多“大孩子”的事情。他们还可以帮助提高孩子们的自尊，使他们更能适应欺凌和其他消极的生活状况)”可知，自我肯定对孩子们的影响是他们可以积极乐观的应对欺凌和其他消极的生活状况，即积极地应对挑战。故选C。27．推理判断题。根据最后一段的“Soit’snotsurprisingthatsomanypeopleviewingherpostsleavementssayingthattheworldneedsmoreteacherslikeher.(因此，看到她的帖子的人留言说世界需要更多像她这样的老师也就不足为奇了)”可知，人们认为他们需要像Philipps这样的老师。由此推知，他们对Philipps的课堂实践是赞同的。故选A。CApollof2,000UKadultsfoundmorethanonethird(36%)admittorarely,ornever,readingcookiesortermsandconditionsonlinebeforeacceptingthem.Andofthosewhodo,38%spendamere30secondsorlessscanningthrough.About31%simplycan’tbebotheredtoreadthesmallprint,whileaboutonequarter(26%)claimtheydonothavethetime.Italsoemergedthat85%haveacceptedcookiesonawebsitewithoutreadingthepoliciesormakinganychanges,andthat62%willacceptdespitenotknowingwhattheyareagreeingto.Theresearchwasmissioned(委托)byAvast,whichhasteamedupwithbakingstarPrueLeithtohelpeducateInternetusersaboutdigitalcookies.Shehascreatedalimitedrunofherchocolatechipcookies,whicharefreeforpeopletoorderonlineandewithtipsandtricksonhowtoscanthedigitalkindofcookies.PrueLeithsaid,“Whilerecenttimeshavehighlightedtheimportanceofbeingconnectedonline,it’salsoneverbeenmoreimportantforpeopletofeelsafewhiledoingso.Manypeopleofallages,butparticularlyofmygeneration,aren’tasfamiliarwithcertainaspectsoftheInternet,andthisofcourseincludesdigitalcookies.Thiscanprovetobeabarriertolearningabouteverythingthatbeingonlinehastooffer,soIamabsolutelydelightedtobeworkingwithAvasttohelppeopleunderstandwhatcookiesareandhowtheywork.”Thesurveyalsofoundhalfofadultsare“fedup”withbeingaskedtoacceptcookieswhenlandingonawebpage,although30%findithelpfulthatcookiesrememberinformationsuchaspasswordsandpreferences.But29%areconfusedbycookiepolicies,and70%evenbelievewebsitesintentionallytrytoconfusethemwiththelanguagetheyuse.However,overtwothirds(68%)feeltheycouldberiskingtheironlineprivacywhenacceptinga“cookiepolicy”withoutreadingit.Asaresult,threequarters(75%)thinkInternetusersneedtobebettereducatedonwhatisincludedincookiepolicies.28．PrueLeithbakedalimitedrunofcookiesto________.A．promoteherbakedproductsonline. B．offerfreecookiestopeopleinneed.C．maintainthecooperationwithAvast. D．spreadtheknowledgeondigitalcookies.29．Howdoestheauthorpresenttheresultoftheresearch?A．Byconductingpolls. B．Bylistingstatistics.C．Byexploringphenomenonandnature. D．Byanalyzingcausesandeffects.30．Whatwilltheauthortellinthefollowingparagraph?A．Thesideeffectsofleakingpersonalprivacy.B．Thegravityoffullyacceptingdigitalcookies.C．ThedrawbacksofoverlookingdigitalcookiesD．Thespecifictipsonhowtoreaddigitalcookies.31．What’sthepurposeofthetext?A．Toremindnetizenstopaymoreattentiontodigitalcookies.B．Toappealtoconsumerstobeconcernedabouttheonlinetricks.C．ToadvocatecaringforthegenerationunfamiliarwiththeInternet.D．ToadvisetheInternetpaniestorevisedigitalcookiespolicies.【答案】28．D29．B30．D31．A【导语】本文是篇说明文。文章通过描述研究者们所做的调查研究，分析了人们对网络数字cookie的认知和接受程度，提醒网民要多关注和了解数字cookie。细节理解题。根据第三段“Shehascreatedalimitedrunofherchocolatechipcookies,whicharefreeforpeopletoorderonlineandewithtipsandtricksonhowtoscanthedigitalkindofcookies.”（她制作了限量版的巧克力曲奇，人们可以在网上免费订购，还提供了如何扫描数字cookie的技巧。）可知，PrueLeith烤制了限量版的曲奇是为了传播数字cookie方面的知识。故选D。推理判断题。根据第一段的“Apollof2,000UKadultsfound...”（一项针对2000名英国成年人的调查发现……）、第二段“Italsoemergedthat...”（调查还显示……）、第四段“Thesurveyalsofound...”（调查还发现……）和各段中所出现的百分比数字可知，作者是通过列出统计数据来展示研究结果的。故选B。推理判断题。根据最后一段“However,overtwothirds(68%)feeltheycouldberiskingtheironlineprivacywhenacceptinga“cookiepolicy”withoutreadingit.Asaresult,threequarters(75%)thinkInternetusersneedtobebettereducatedonwhatisincludedincookiepolicies.”（然而，超过三分之二(68%)的人认为，如果不阅读就接受“cookie政策”，他们可能会冒着在线隐私的风险。因此，四分之三(75%)的人认为互联网用户需要更好地了解cookie政策中包含的内容。）可知，作者会在接下来的篇章中，告诉人们如何读取数字cookie的具体提示。故选D。31．推理判断题。根据第三段“Theresearchwasmissioned(委托)byAvast,whichhasteamedupwithbakingstarPrueLeithtohelpeducateInternetusersaboutdigitalcookies.”（这项研究是由Avast委托进行的，Avast与烘焙明星PrueLeith合作，帮助互联网用户了解数字cookie。）、第四段“Thiscanprovetobeabarriertolearningabouteverythingthatbeingonlinehastooffer,soIamabsolutelydelightedtobeworkingwithAvasttohelppeopleunderstandwhatcookiesareandhowtheywork.”（这可能会成为了解在线所提供的一切的障碍，所以我非常高兴能与Avast合作，帮助人们了解什么是cookie以及它们是如何工作的。）和最后一段“Asaresult,threequarters(75%)thinkInternetusersneedtobebettereducatedonwhatisincludedincookiepolicies.”（因此，四分之三(75%)的人认为互联网用户需要更好地了解cookie政策中包含的内容。）及文章内容可知，本文的主要目的是提醒网民们要多多关注了解数字cookie。故选A。DArobotwithasenseoftouchmayonedayfeel“pain”,‘bothitsownphysicalpainandsympathyforthepainofitshumanpanions.Suchtouchyfeelyrobotsarestillfaroff,butadvancesinrobotictouchsensingarebringingthatpossibilityclosertoreality.Sensorssetinsoft,artificialskinthatcandetectbothagentletouchandapainfulstrikehavebeenhookedup(连接)toarobotthatcanthensignalemotions,AsadareportedFebruary15attheannualmeetingoftheAmericanAssociationfortheAdvancementofScience.Thisartificial“painnervoussystem”,asAsadacallsit,maybeasmallbuildingblockforamachinethatcouldexperiencepain.Suchafeelingmightalsoallowarobotto“sympathize”withahumanpanion’ssuffering.Asada,anengineeratOsakaUniversity,andhiscolleagueshavedesignedtouchsensorsthatreliablypickuparangeoftouches.InarobotsystemnamedAffetto,arealisticlookingchild’shead,thesetouchandpainsignalscanbeconvertedtoemotionalfacialexpressions.Atouchsensitive,softmaterial,asopposedtoarigidmetalsurface,allowsricherinteractionsbetweenamachineandtheworld,saysneuroscientistKingsonManoftheUniversityofSouthernCalifornia.Artificialskin“allowsthepossibilityofengagementintrulyintelligentways”.Suchasystem,Asadasays,mightultimatelyleadtorobotsthatcanrecognizethepainofothers,avaluableskillforrobotsdesignedtohelpcare’forpeopleinneed,theelderly,forinstance.Butthereisanimportantdistinctionbetweenarobotthatrespondsinapredictablewaytoapainfulstrikeandarobotthat’scapableofapproximatinganinternalfeeling,saysDamasio,aneuroscientistalsoattheUniversityofSouthernCalifornia.Arobotwithsensorsthatcandetecttouchandpainis“alongthelinesofhavingarobot,forexample,thatsmileswhenyoutalktoit,”Damasiosays.“Whilethat’saninterestingdevelopment,it’snotthesamethingasarobotdesignedtoexpresssomesortofinternalexperience,”hesays.32．Whatdoweknowaboutthe“painnervoussystem”?A．ItisnamedAffettobyscientists.B．Itisasetofplicatedsensors.C．Itismadeupofsmallbuildingblocks.D．Itbinessensorsandartificialskin.33．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“converted”inParagraph3probablymean?A．delivered B．transformed C．connected D．adapted34．WhatdoesDamasioconsiderasaninterestingdevelopment?A．Robotscantalktohumanbeings.B．Robotscangiveunforeseeableresponses.C．Robotscandetectpainandrespondaccordingly.D．Robotscanexpresssomesortofinternalfeelings.35．Whatcanbethebesttitleofthetext?A．Humanfeelingscanbefelt B．MachinesbeeemotionalC．Robotsinchclosertofeelingpain D．Robotswilltouchthehumanheart【答案】32．D33．B34．C35．C【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了机器人触摸传感技术的进步使能感受“疼痛”的有触觉机器人正在成为可能。细节理解题。根据第二段中“Sensorssetinsoft,artificialskinthatcandetectbothagentletouchandapainfulstrikehavebeenhookedup(连接)toarobotthatcanthensignalemotions,AsadareportedFebruary15attheannualmeetingoftheAmericanAssociationfortheAdvancementofScience.Thisartificial“painnervoussystem”,asAsadacallsit,maybeasmallbuildingblockforamachinethatcouldexperiencepain.(Asada在2月15日的美国科学促进会年会上报告说，安装在柔软的人造皮肤上的传感器可以检测到温柔的触摸和疼痛的打击，然后连接到一个可以发出情绪信号的机器人上。Asada称这种人工的“疼痛神经系统”，可能是一个可以体验疼痛的机器的小构件。)”可知，“疼痛神经系统”结合了传感器和人造皮肤。故选D。词句猜测题。根据第三段中“InarobotsystemnamedAffetto,arealisticlookingchild’shead,thesetouchandpainsignalscanbeconvertedtoemotionalfacialexpressions.(在一个名为Affetto的机器人系统中，这些触摸和疼痛信号可以______为情感的面部表情。)”和第二段“Sensorssetinsoft,artificialskinthatcandetectbothagentletouchandapainfulstrikehavebeenhookedup(连接)toarobotthatcanthensignalemotions,AsadareportedFebruary15attheannualmeetingoftheAmericanAssociationfortheAdvancementofScience.(Asada在2月15日的美国科学促进会年会上报告说，安装在柔软的人造皮肤上的传感器可以检测到温柔的触摸和疼痛的打击，然后连接到一个可以发出情绪信号的机器人上。)”可知，划线词所在的句子表示“在一个名为Affetto的机器人系统中，这些触摸和疼痛信号可以转换为情感面部表情。Affetto是一个逼真的儿童头部”，划线词converted意为“转化”。故选B。细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“Arobotwithsensorsthatcandetecttouchandpainis“alongthelinesofhavingarobot,forexample,thatsmileswhenyoutalktoit,”Damasiosays.(Damasio说，一个带有传感器的机器人可以检测触摸和疼痛，“就像一个机器人，当你和它说话时，它会微笑。”)”和最后一段““Whilethat’saninterestingdevelopment,it’snotthesamethingasarobotdesignedtoexpresssomesortofinternalexperience,”hesays.(他说：“虽然这是一个有趣的发展，但它与设计用来表达某种内在体验的机器人是不同的。”)”可知，Damasio认为机器人可以检测疼痛并做出相应的反应是一个有趣的发展。故选C。35．主旨大意题。根据第一段“Arobotwithasenseoftouchmayonedayfeel“pain”,‘bothitsownphysicalpainandsympathyforthepainofitshumanpanions.Suchtouchyfeelyrobotsarestillfaroff,butadvancesinrobotictouchsensingarebringingthatpossibilityclosertoreality.(有触觉的机器人也许有一天能感受到“疼痛”，既能感受到自身的疼痛，也能同情人类同伴的痛苦。这种有触觉的机器人还很遥远，但机器人触摸传感技术的进步正使这种可能性更接近现实。)”以及下文的描述，可知，本文主要介绍了机器人触摸传感技术的进步使能感受“疼痛”的有触觉机器人正在成为可能，因此本文的最佳标题是选项C“Robotsinchclosertofeelingpain(机器人慢慢地会感受疼痛)”。故选C。第二节(共5小题:每小题2.5分,满分12.5分)阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Fewsightsfillyouwithnostalgia(怀旧)likethefirefliesdancingatnight.36Theirpopulationsaredecliningaroundtheworldasthethreatsagainstthemareincreasing.SaraLewis,anexpertwhostudiestheinsects,offerstipsonwhatyoucandotoensurethatfireflieswillcontinuetolightupyourbackyard.Createafireflyhabitat37Withabout2,000differentspeciesoffireflies,there’sawidevarietyofenvironmentsinwhichtheythrive(繁衍)—includingwetlands,forests,andevencityparks—whichiswhysomespeciesaremorethreatenedthanothers.“Youcanrecreatethoseconditionsinyourownbackyardsimplybyleavingsomeleaflitteraroundtheedgesofyourproperty,“Lewissays.”That’sagoodmicrohabitatforfireflies.”38Flashinglightsareanimportantpartinfireflieslife.Asthesunsets,malefirefliesmovearoundwhileflashingtheirlightstosignaltheirinterest.Ifanearbyfemaleisinterested,sheflashesbackfromherpositiontotheground,andthemalesflydowntofindher.“Allofthathastohappenforthenextgenerationtosurvive,”saysLewis.“However,lightpollutionmakesthosescenesmuchhardertosee.It’slikecuttingaphoneline.Itreallystopstheromance.39Youcandrawyourcurtainsshutatnightandturnoffthelightspletelywhenpossible.”Stopusingpesticides(杀虫剂)Usingpesticidesinyouryardalsoposesanexistentialthreattofireflies,whichareinsectsafterall.40.Scientistsareresearchingalternativestochemicalpesticidesthatcouldtargetspecificspecies,likemosquitoes,whileleavingotherinsectsunharmed.A．ReducelightpollutionB．MakeafireintheopenairC．Luckily,therearesomesolutionsD．ButthesebelovedinsectsareintroubleE．ThelivingconditionsoffirefliesaregettingbetterF．ThebiggestthreatfacingfirefliestodayisthelossoftheirhabitatsG．Mostofthepesticideswillkilllessbelovedinsectsaswellasfireflies【答案】36．D37．F38．A39．C40．G【导语】本文是一篇说明文。萤火虫遭受的威胁日益增多，其数量也随之急剧下降。为了能继续欣赏萤火虫在夏夜漫天飞舞的唯美景象，SaraLewis为我们提供了几个实用的办法保护萤火虫。根据空前“Fewsightsfillyouwithnostalgia(怀旧)likethefirefliesdancingatnight.(很少有什么场景能像萤火虫在夜晚跳舞那样让你充满怀旧之情。)”和“空后“Theirpopulationsaredecliningaroundtheworldasthethreatsagainstthemareincreasing.(随着对它们的威胁不断增加，它们在世界各地的数量正在下降。)”可知，本句应用表示转折的词语，与前文的美好相对，表达萤火虫的困境或威胁，才能与空后的句子意境相符。D项“Butthesebelovedinsectsareintrouble(但是这些可爱的萤火虫却身处困境)”符合题意。D项中的连词“But”表示转折，“introuble”与空后的“threats”相对应。故选D。根据本节小标题“Createafireflyhabitat(创造一个萤火虫栖息地)”及后文“Withabout2,000differentspeciesoffireflies,there’sawidevarietyofenvironmentsinwhic