高中英语北师大版高二上册《Unit15-Period2》课件

Period

Ⅱ

Warmup

&Lifelong

Learning北师大版高中英语

3．通过对这些词汇的理解能够更深层次的理解课文，并通过课文加深对这些词汇的理解，更加熟练的运用这些词汇。

4．通过对本课文的理解，让学生学会用英语写情景作文，以提高学生的书面表达能力。5．通过对语法的教学让学生能够理解并能够运用这些语法知识，熟练掌握虚拟语气的用法。●教学地位

单词和短语是构成句子的最小单位，在语言学习中起至关重要的作用，所以理解和正确运用英语单词和短语是英语学习的重点所在。另外，让学生正确理解和掌握语法知识给学生创设一个语境，让学生理解该语法的应用，而不要让学生死记硬背语法条文，应从理解的基础上去灵活运用这些语法。●新课导入建议

As

the

saying

goes，it

is

never

too

old

to

learn(活到老学到老).

With

the

development

of

science

and

technology,talents

are

becoming

more

important.

However,

studyingconstantly

is

vital

for

talents,

so

the

teacher

may

ask

studentssome

questions

about

what

they

think

of

studying.

(老师让×××同学读一读他/她写的短文。)●教学流程设计演示结束

1．Here'swhat

they

have

to

say

about

their

life-longlearning

experience.(教材

P36)这里是他们必须要说的关于他们终身学习经历的话。

这是由

what

引导的名词性从句，是一个完全倒装的句式。谓语动词完全置于主语之前的句子，便是完全倒装句。Away

flew

the

plane.飞机飞走了。Here

comes

the

bus！公共汽车来了！这类句型主要有两种：①a.副词＋谓语＋主语(以

here，there，in，up，down，away

等副词开头，谓语动词多为

be，come，go

等)b．副词＋谓语＋主语(以

then，now，thus，such

开头，谓语动词多为

come，follow，begin，end，be，主语又是名词时)

②a.介词短语＋谓语＋主语(表地点的介词短语位于句首，且谓语动词为不及物动词，主谓需倒装)

b．介词短语/形容词/分词＋be＋主语(表语置于句首，为保持句子平衡，或强调，使上下文衔接需要倒装)In

front

of

the

teaching

building

stands

a

tall

tree.教学楼前有一棵大树。Now

comes

your

turn.轮到你了。South

of

the

river

lies

a

small

factory.一个小型工厂坐落在河的南岸。Out

rushed

the

children.孩子们冲了出去。【提示】

如果句子中的主语为人称代词，而不是名词，则不需要倒装。将下列句子改为倒装句①The

teacher

came

in，and

the

lesson

began.②The

speaker

sat

in

front

of

the

lecture

hall.【答案】

①In

came

the

teacher，and

the

lesson

began.②In

front

of

the

lecture

hall

sat

the

speaker.2．It's

never

toolateto

learn.(教材

P36)活到老，学到老。too...to...中的

too

前面如果用了否定词(如

never)，则该句表示肯定意义。Never

too

old

to

learn，never

too

late

to

turn.亡羊补牢，为时未晚。①too...to...中的

too

前如有

far

等词修饰，则这些词表示强调。②too...to...结构意为“太……而不能……”，表示否定含义。

③too...to...句式中，

too

后接形容词

ready(现成的)，incline(偏于……的)，apt(易于……)，eager(急切的)，anxious(着急的)等词时，无否定的意思。

④only

too...to...也表示肯定，其中，too

后的形容词多为表示某种心情的，如：glad，pleased，willing，thankful，

delighted

等；也有描绘性的形容词，如：

good，kind，true

等。He

is

too

young

to

dress

himself.他太小了，不会自己穿衣服。He

was

far

too

busy

to

think

of

giving

up.他太忙，没有时间想到放弃。She

is

not

too

clever

to

go

with

him.她很机灵，没有跟他一起走。He

is

too

ready

to

talk.他爱说话。The

film

is

only

too

good

to

see.这部电影很好，值得一看。完成句子①这道数学题太难，我不能解出它。The

maths

problem

is②雷锋同志非常乐于助人。Comrade

Lei

Feng

was【答案】

①too

difficult

for

me

to

work

out.

others.②too

ready

to

help3．be

about

to

do

即将做……；就要做……

Now

I'm

about

to

graduate

from

the

School

ofContinuing

Education

at

Qinghua

University

with

aBachelor's

Degree

in

Computer

Engineering

by

distancelearning.(教材

P36)现在我即将从清华大学继续教育学院毕业，通过远程教育课程我获得了计算机工程专业的学士学位。Work

was

about

to

start

on

a

new

factory

building.新厂房即将动工。I

was

just

about

to

ask

you

the

same

thing.我刚才正要问你同一件事情。be

about

to

do

sth.when...正要做某事，这时……be

doing...when...正在做……，这时……be

on

the

point

of

doing...when...正要做……这时……be

on

the

way

to...when...正要做……这时……had

done...when...刚做完……这时……

We

were

just

about

to

leave

when

Jerry

arrived.

我们正要离开，这时杰里到了。

I

was

doing

my

homework

at

8∶00

last

night

whensomeone

knocked

at

my

door.

昨天晚上八点钟我在做作业时，有人敲门。

I

had

gone

to

bed

when

the

telephone

rang.

我刚上床睡觉，这时电话响了。【提示】be

about

to

do

sth.表示“将要做某事”，一般不与表示将来的具体时间状语连用。【教师备课资源】将来时的多种表示法：①will/shall＋do：一般将来时最基本的表示方法，表示将来发生的动作。②be

to

do：表示计划、安排、义务、命令、禁止等。③be

going

to

do：表示打算、计划要做某事或有迹象表明要发生的动作。④be＋v-ing：表示按计划、安排即将发生的动作，有此用法的多为趋向性动词。⑤一般现在时：表示按规定、时间表、日程安排要发生的动作。【对接高考】(2012·

全国卷Ⅱ)I

had

hardly

got

to

the

officemy

wife

phoned

me

to

go

back

home

at

once.A．whenC．untilB．thanD．after【解析】句意：我刚到办公室，我妻子就打电话叫我立刻回家。本题考查并列连词。had

hardly

done

somethingwhen...为固定句型。【答案】A完成句子①他刚要站起来，这时老师进来了。Hestand

up.②我们就要出发了。Westart

off.【答案】

①was

just

about

to；

when

the

teacher

came

in②are

about

to4．secure

adj.安全的；坚固的

vt.使安全；获得；固定

I

decided

to

give

myself

a

second

chance

by

studying

fora

degree

in

the

evenings

and

on

weekends

while

keeping

asecure

full-time

job.(教材

P36)我决定再给自己一次机会，在保证一份稳定的全职工作的同时，利用晚上和周末时间学习以取得学位。He

is

under

the

illusion

that

his

position

is

secure.他误以为他的地位很稳固。Troops

were

sent

to

secure

the

border.军队被派去保卫边境。be

secure

against/from

没有……的危险be

secure

of

对……有把握；确信fell/besecureabout/as

to

对……觉得放心secure(sth.)against/from

使(某物)免遭……Now

my

house

is

secure

against

burglary.现在我的房子无被盗窃的危险。I

feel

secure

about

my

future.我对未来感到放心。Some

measures

are

needed

to

secure

the

farmlandagainst

shifting

sand.需要采取一些措施使农田免遭流沙的侵袭。完成句子①这个年轻人不担心自己的前途。his

future.The

young

man

is②树可以为庄稼挡住风沙。The

trees

canthe

cropssand.【答案】

③secure

about/of④secure；against/from5．frankly

speaking...(＝to

be

frank)坦白地说……Frankly

speaking，the

last

four

years

have

been

hardwork，but

it's

been

worth

it！(教材

P36)坦白地说，最后这四年过得很艰难，但却是值得的！Frankly

speaking，you

are

wrong

again.坦白地说，你又错了。Frankly

speaking，your

artwork

has

no

aesthetic

value.坦率地说，你的作品没有任何艺术价值。honestly

speaking...(＝to

be

honest)说实话……generally

speaking...一般来说……exactly

speaking...确切地说……strictly

speaking...严格地说……personally

speaking...就个人而言……Honestly

speaking，I

don't

like

the

job.说实话，我不喜欢这份工作。Personally

speaking，he

did

very

well.就我个人而言，他干得挺不错。完成句子①严格地说，这本书不能算小说，而是短篇故事。

，the

book

is

not

a

novel，but

a

short

story.②说实话，我真的没告诉过任何人。

，I

didn't

really

tell

anyone.【答案】

①Strictly

speaking②Honestly

speaking

6．Three

months

ago，when

my

manager

told

me

that

Iwould

be

laidoff，my

mind

wentblank

and

my

heart

swelledwith

anger.(教材

P36)三个月前，当我的经理告诉我，我将要下岗时，我的大脑一片空白，怒火满腔。(1)lay

off

裁员；解雇If

business

continues

to

be

slow，we

will

have

to

lay

offsome

workers.如果生意再继续下滑，我们必须解雇部分劳工。Often，they

think

too

much

in

the

short

term

and

beginto

lay

off

employees.通常，他们看中短期效益，开始解雇员工。lay

vt.放置；铺；产(蛋，卵)；设置lay

sb.out

打昏(某人)lay

sth.aside

把……放在一边；储存lay

sth.down(开始)建造某物；停止使用某事物，放弃某事物；制定规则、原则等lay

up

贮存；自讨苦吃；(因病)卧床The

boxer

was

laid

out

in

the

fifth

round.那个拳击手在第五回合中被击昏在地。I've

laid

up

with

flu

for

a

week.我患流感已在家休息一个星期了。She

managed

to

lay

aside

a

few

pounds

each

week

fromher

wages.她设法每周从薪水中存几个英镑。【教师备课资源】注意下面几个动词的词形、词性及意义的区别：①lie(vi.)—lied—lied

撒谎②lie(vi.)—lay—lain

躺；位于③lay(vt.)—laid—laid

放；搁；下蛋，产卵用

lay

的短语填空①工人们因为不懂先进技术被辞退了。The

workforcebecause

they

didn't

graspthe

advanced

technology.

②他们首先得为这项工程制订一个计划。First

they

had

to【答案】

①was

laid

off

a

plan

for

the

project.②lay

down(2)go

blank

发呆；默然When

I

heard

the

shocking

news，my

mind

went

blank.当我听到这个震惊的消息时，我的脑子一片空白。My

mind

went

completely

blank

and

I

forgot

what

I

wassupposed

to

be

doing.我的脑子一片空白，连我本来要做什么都想不起来了。

go

mad

发疯go

hungry

挨饿go

blind

变瞎go

pale

脸色变得苍白go

bad

变质Hearing

the

bad

news，his

face

went

pale.听到这个坏消息，他的脸色变得很苍白。The

fish

has

gone

bad

because

of

hot

weather.因为天热鱼变质了。【提示】“go＋adj.”是一种系表结构，go

在此结构中意为“变得，变成，变为”。完成句子③试试让你无思无虑，你会感到平静些。Try

to

let

your

mind，then

you'll

fell

calmer.④我宁愿挨饿也不吃那东西。I'd

ratherthan

eat

that.【答案】

③go

blank

④go

hungry7．suspect

v．怀疑；猜想

n．犯罪嫌疑人

adj.不可信的；可疑的

I

suspect

that

they

laid

me

off

because

the

company

wasnot

doing

that

well

but

it

still

brought

a

lump

to

my

throatand

made

me

want

to

cry.(教材

P36)我怀疑他们裁掉我是因为公司经营得不是很好，但这仍然使我喉咙哽咽，让我想哭。I

have

no

reason

to

suspect

her

loyalty.我没有理由怀疑她的忠诚。He

is

a

suspect

murder.他是个谋杀嫌疑犯。Some

of

the

evidence

they

produced

was

highly

suspect.他们出示的证据中有些相当不可靠。suspect

sb./sth.怀疑某人/某事suspect

sb.of

(doing)

sth.怀疑某人(干)某事suspect

sb./sth.as/to

be...怀疑某人/某物为……suspect＋that...怀疑……Whom

do

the

police

suspect？警方在怀疑谁？What

made

you

suspect

him

of

having

broken

the

glass?你凭什么怀疑是他打坏的玻璃呢？We

all

suspect

her

as/to

be

an

actress，but

no

one

knowsher.我们都猜想她是一名演员，但没有人认识她。【教师备课资源】suspicion

n．怀疑，嫌疑；看法，感觉suspicious

adj.怀疑的，可疑的be

suspicious

of/about

怀疑……完成句子①他看起来很无辜，但警察怀疑他杀了人。a

murder.He

looks

innocent，but

the

police②我怀疑他打破了那扇窗。Ihaving

broken

the

window.【答案】

①suspect

him

to

be

②suspect

him

of8．I

felt

asif

I

had

done

something

wrong！(教材

P36)我感觉自己似乎做错了什么！

as

if/though

引导方式状语从句。as

if

意为“似乎，好像”，可以位于系动词

look，seem，feel，sound，smell

等后引导表语从句，以及

act，treat

等之后引导方式状语从句。She

looks

as

if

she

were

ten

years

younger

than

me.她看起来好像比我年轻

10

岁。(1)as

if

引导的方式状语从句所表示的情况是事实或具有很大可能性时，通常用陈述语气。常与

look，seem，taste，smell，sound

等词连用。

(2)as

if

引导的方式状语从句所表示的情况不是事实，而是主观的想象或夸大的比喻，通常用虚拟语气，其形式如下：①如果从句表示与现在事实相反，谓语动词用一般过去时。②如果从句表示与过去事实相反，谓语动词用“had＋过去分词”。③如果从句表示与将来事实相反，谓语动词用“would/could/might＋动词原形”。It

seems

as

if

the

boy

has

lost

his

way.好像这个男孩迷路了。He

is

a

happy

and

lucky

man

as

if

he

has

no

worries

andcares

in

the

world.他是个无忧无虑的人，好像世上没有什么让他烦恼和发愁的事。He

walks

as

if

he

were

drunk.他走起路来像是喝醉了似的。

【对接高考】

(2012·

北京高考)Don't

handle

the

vase

as

if

itmade

of

steel.A．isC．has

beenB．wereD．had

been【解析】句意：不要这么拿这个花瓶，就好像它是钢制成似的。本题考查虚拟语气。as

if

意为“好像”，分析句意可知

as

if

后面的句子须使用虚拟语气，并且所述情况是对现在事实的假设，因此使用一般过去时，故选择

B

项。

【答案】

B完成句子①看起来天好像要下雨。It

looks.②他英语讲得很好，好像他在英国生活了多年似的。He

speaks

English

perfectly.【答案】①as

if

it

is

going

to

rain②as

if/though

hehad

lived

in

England

for

many

years

9．I

decided

that

itwastime

I

became

an

Internetuser.(教材

P36)我觉得是成为互联网用户的时候了。

It's

time

that

结构用于表示“是该……的时候了”。

that后面的句子应使用虚拟语气，谓语动词用“should＋动词原形”或用一般过去时。It's

time

that

I

went

to

bed.＝It's

time

that

I

should

go

to

bed.我该去睡觉了。It's

time

that

I

went

home.我该回家去了。“是该做某事的时候了”的几种表达方式：It

is

time

for

sth.It

is

time

to

do

sth.It

is

time

(for

sb.)to

do

sth.It

is

time

for

doing

sth.It

is

time

(that)

sb.should

do

sth.It

is

time

for

us

to

do

our

homework.我们该做作业了。It

is

time

to

go

to

bed.该上床睡觉了。【教师备课资源】time

作“次数”讲时的常用句型：

It/This/That

is/was

the

first/second/third/...time

that...这/那是某人第一/二/三/……次做某事(主句用

is，从句用现在完成时；主句用

was，从句用过去完成时)。完成句子①他该到我们家吃晚饭了。to

our

house

for

It

is

time

that

hedinner.

②到我们植树的时候了。

It's

time

for

us.【答案】

①should

come/came

②to

plant

trees10．instruct

vt.教导；指导

I

got

my

grandson

to

instruct

me

on

how

to

email

anduse

the

Internet

and

I

really

enjoy

the

speed

at

which

mymessages

get

sent

and

answered.(教材

P36)于是让孙子教我怎样收发电子邮件和使用互联网，我真的很喜欢信息的传送和回复速度。She

instructs

music

once

a

week

at

a

middle

school.她在中学每周教一次音乐课。We

should

instruct

the

passengers

what

customsregulations

are.我们该向乘客说明海关规则是什么。①instruct

sb./sth.教某人/某事instruct

sb.in

sth.教授某人某事instruct

sb.to

do

sth.指示/吩咐某人做某事instruct(sb.)that/wh-cl

命令(某人)……instruct(sb.)wh-to

do

教(某人)……做……②instruction

n．指导；指示；用法说明follow

the

instructions

按照说明on

sb.'s

instructions

按照某人的吩咐under

(sb.'s)

instructions

在(某人的)教导下Greater

effort

is

needed

to

instruct

children

in

roadsafety.需要更大的努力来教导孩子们的道路安全意识。The

captain

instructed

the

soldiers

to

retreat.上尉命令士兵们撤退。On

his

instructions，the

luggage

had

been

sent

on.按照他的吩咐，行李已经先行送走。I

instruct

him

how

to

do

the

work.我教他怎样干这项工作。完成句子①我的工作是教你们英语。My

job

is.②他吩咐我立即把信寄出去。Hethe

letter

at

once.②instructed

me

【答案】

①to

instruct

you

in

Englishto

post11．aside

from

除……之外And

aside

from

emailing，it's

fun

to

see

and

talk

to

mygrandchildren

in

the

US

on

the

i-Cam.(教材

P36)除了收发电子邮件，我用网上镜头看到了在美国的外孙并且同他们谈话，太有趣了。I've

finished

aside

from

the

last

question.除了最后一道题，我全做完了。

Aside

from

their

house

in

London，they

also

have

a

villain

Spain.他们在伦敦有一座房子，此外在西班牙还有一栋别墅。besides除……之外(还有)，除去部分在整体之内except除……之外(别无)常与nothing，all，none等不定代词连用exceptfor除了……，表示从细节上对整体进行修正Aside(apart)from除了……(还有)；除了……(别无)，除去部分既可在整体之内，又可在整体之外besides/except/except

for/aside

from，除去部分不在整体之内，Is

there

anyone

else

we

know

besides

Will?除了威尔，还有我们认识的人吗？You

can

have

any

of

the

cakes

except

this

one.除了这块蛋糕外，你可以吃任何一块。The

roads

were

empty

except

for

a

few

cars.除了几辆小汽车之外，公路上空荡荡的。Aside

from

the

kitchen，the

house

is

very

nice.除了厨房外，这所房子哪儿都好。用

besides，except，except

for

和

aside

from

填空

①This

article

is

good，mistakes.

②They

all

went

there

a

few

spellingTow，who

was

ill.③making

a

promise，he

kept

it.【答案】①except

for/aside

from②except③Besides/Aside

from12．bury

vt.埋葬；隐藏；专心致志So

many

people

think

that

after

you

retire，all

you

cando

is

switch

off

your

brain

and

bury

everything

you've

everlearnt.(教材

P36)很多人认为退休后你能做的所有的事就是关闭大脑，埋葬你曾经所学过的所有的东西。The

miners

were

buried

alive

when

the

tunnel

collapsed.地道塌方，矿工都被活埋在里面。She

always

has

her

head

buried

in

a

book.她总是埋头读书。be

buried

alive

被活埋be

buried

in

thought

沉思bury

one's

head/faceinone'shands用手捂住头/脸bury

oneself

in

one's

work/studies埋头工作/学习He

buried

his

face

in

his

hands.他双手掩面。He

buried

himself

in

his

work.他埋头工作。

完成句子

①他埋头学习，不知道其他人都早已离开了。

，he

didn't

know

that

all

the

othershad

left.

②他双手掩面而泣。Heand

wept.【答案】

①Buried

in

his

study/Because

he

was

burriedin

his

study②

buried

his

face

in

his

hands观察下列从

Reading

中选取的句子，体会虚拟语气的用法。

①I

decided

that

itwastime

I

became

an

Internet

user.

②In

the

past，if

someone

hadworked

for

a

company

forover

20

years，they

wouldhavestayed

there

until

retirement!③IfeltasifIhaddone

something

wrong![自我总结]1．在“it

is/was

time(that)．..”结构中

that

引导的句子用语气，即用或，但

should

不可省略。

2．在

if

引导虚拟的条件句中，如果与过去事实相反，从句谓语用，主语谓语用

Would/should/could/might。3．在

as

if

引导的方式状语从句中，如果所表示的情况不是事实，通常用相反，谓语动词用语气，如果从句表示与过去事实。【答案】

1.①虚拟

一般过去时；

should＋动词原形2.过去完成式(had

done)；＋have

done；3.虚拟；“had＋过去分词”

虚拟语气一、虚拟语气的使用范围及判断

1．虚拟语气表示一种假设。它主要用于由

if

引导的条件状语从句中，也可用于主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句中。2．if

条件状语从句中虚拟语气的判断。虚拟语气的假设，通常有三种情况：与过去事实相反，与现在事实相反，与将来事实可能相反。3．后退一步法。

后退一步法指在准确地判断了该句与哪一事实相反后，按虚拟语气的后退一步法处理从句谓语动词的时态，即在非真实条件状语从句中，谓语动词按正常情况“后退一步”。也就是：与过去事实相反，在从句中用过去完成时形式表示；与现在事实相反，在从句中用一般过去时形式表示；与将来事实可能相反，在从句中用过去将来时形式表示。主句中则用

would，should，could

等情态动词加动词形式。If

I

had

come

here

yesterday，I

would

have

seen

him.如果我昨天来这儿，我就能见到他了。If

I

were

a

teacher，I

would

be

strict

with

my

students.如果我是老师，我将会严格要求学生。If

it

should

snow

tomorrow，they

couldn't

go

out.如果明天下雪，他们就不能外出了。4．注意：(1)if

条件句中如有

were，should，had，可以省去

if，并用倒装语序。(2)在现代英语中，if

条件状语从句中的谓语动词如果是be，其过去式一般用

were。虚拟条件句主句与现在事实相反的假设If＋主语＋动词的过去式(be动词用were)主语＋shouldcould/might/would/＋动词原形与过去事实相反的假设If＋主语＋had＋过去分词主语＋shouldcould/might/would/＋have＋过去分词与将来事实可能相反的假设①If＋主语＋动词过去式②If＋主语＋wereto＋动词原形③If＋主语＋should＋动词原形主语＋shouldcould/might/would/＋动词原形二、虚拟语气在非真实条件句中的用法

If

you

had

taken

my

advice，

you

would

not

have

failed

inthe

exams.假如你听了我的建议的话，你就不会考试不及格了。(实际上没考好)If

you

came

tomorrow，we

would

have

the

meeting.假如你明天来的话，我们就开会。If

it

were

to

rain

tomorrow，the

sports

meeting

would

beput

off.如果明天下雨，运动会就推迟。If

he

should

not

come

tomorrow，we

should

put

off

themeeting

till

next

Monday.假如他明天不来，我们将会议推迟到下周一。使用虚拟条件句时要注意以下几点：

1．当条件状语从句表示的行为和主句表示的行为所发生的时间不一致时(被称为“错综时间条件句”)，动词的形式要根据它所表示的时间作相应的调整。If

you

had

studied

hard

before，you

would

be

a

collegestudent

now.假如你以前努力学习，你现在就是一位大学生了。2．在条件句中可省略

if，把

were，had，should

提到句首，变为倒装句式。If

I

were

at

school

again，I

would

study

harder.→Were

I

at

school

again，I

would

study

harder.如果再次回到学校的话，我会更加努力地学习。

If

you

had

come

earlier，you

would

have

caught

thebus.→Had

you

come

earlier，you

would

have

caught

the

bus.如果早点来的话，你肯定赶上了公交车。If

it

should

rain

tomorrow，we

would

not

go

climbing.→Should

it

rain

tomorrow，we

would

not

go

climbing.明天下雨的话，我们就不去爬山。

注意：若省略的条件句中的谓语动词为否定，不能用动词的缩略形式。如：Were

it

not

for

the

expense，I

would

goabroad

now.如果不是费用问题，我现在就出国了。但不能说：Weren't

it

for

the

expense，I

would

go

abroad

now.3．用介词短语代替条件状语从句。常用的介词有

with，without，but

for。What

would

you

do

with

a

million

dollars？(if

you

had

amillion

dollars)假如有一百万的话，你会做什么？We

couldn't

have

finished

the

work

ahead

of

timewithout

your

help.(if

we

hadn't

got

your

help)Without

your

help，we

couldn't

have

finished

the

workahead

of

time.(＝But

for

your

help，...＝If

it

had

not

been

for

yourhelp，...＝Had

it

not

been

for

your

help，...)如果没有你的帮助，我们是不能提前完成工作的。4．含蓄条件句。有时为了表达的需要，在虚拟语气中并不总是出现

if

引导的条件句，而通过其他手段来代替条件句。I

was

ill

that

day.Otherwise，I

would

have

taken

part

inthe

sports

meeting.(副词)那天我病了。要不然我就参加运动会了。He

telephoned

to

inform

me

of

your

birthday，

or

I

wouldhave

known

nothing

about

it.(连词)是他打电话告诉我你的生日的，否则我什么都不知道。A

man

who

stopped

drinking

water

would

be

dead

inabout

seven

days.(定语从句)一个人

7

天左右不喝水就会死。I

might

have

given

you

more

help，but

I

was

toobusy.(连词)我本可以给你更多帮助的，但我太忙了。Ⅰ.单项填空1．

(2012·

天津高考)We

would

have

called

a

taxi

yesterdayif

Haroldus

a

ride

home.A．didn't

offerC．hasn't

offeredB.

wouldn't

offerD.

hadn't

offered

【解析】

句意：昨天如果

Harold

不让我们搭车回家的话，我们就会叫出租车了。考查虚拟语气。根据“would

havecalled...yesterday”可知此句为与过去事实相反的虚拟语气，所以其从句用过去完成时。【答案】D2．

(2012·

山东高考)If

weadequate

preparations，the

conference

wouldn't

have

been

so

successful.A．haven't

madeC．didn't

makeB．wouldn't

makeD．hadn't

made【解析】句意：如果我们没有做好充分的准备，会议就不会如此成功。本题考查虚拟语气。由主句中的

wouldn'thave

been

so

successful

可知

，表示与过去事实相反，if

从句中要用过去完成时，故选

D。【答案】D3．(2012·

江西高考)Wehave

bought

so

muchfood

now

that

Suzie

won't

be

with

us

for

dinner.A．may

notC．can'tB．needn'tD．mustn't【解析】句意：既然

Suize

不和我们共进晚餐，我们本不必买那么多的食物。本题考查虚拟语气。根据句意可知这里表示与过去事实相反的假设，

need't

have

done

表示本不需要做某事。A：可能不；C：不可能；D：禁止，不能与

havedone

sth.连用。

【答案】

Bfor

the

free

tickets，

I

would

not

have

gone

to

4．the

film

so

often.A．If

it

is

notC．Had

it

not

beenB．Were

it

notD．If

they

were

not【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意：如果不是因为这些免费的票，我不会那么经常去看电影。依据语境，从句部分要用过去完成时假设过去的情况；为了加强语气，可将

if

省略，把

had/should/were

提前，构成倒装。【答案】C5．It's

hard

for

me

to

imagine

what

I

would

be

doingtoday

if

Iin

love,

at

the

age

of

seven,

with

theMelinda

Cox

Library

in

my

hometown.A.

wouldn't

have

fallenC.

should

fallB.

had

not

fallenD.

were

to

fall【解析】本题考查了混合型虚拟条件句，主句是对现在情况的推测，从句表示对过去的假设。句意：如果不是在7

岁的时候爱上家乡的

Melinda

Cox

图书馆，很难想象我今天会在做什么。

【答案】

B6．If

the

weather

had

been

better，we

could

have

had

aall

day.picnic.But

it

A．rained

C．has

rainedB．rainsD．is

raining

【解析】

If

the

weather

had

been

better，

we

could

havehad

a

picnic.这个条件句的谓语是表过去的时间，即过去时间段上的虚拟。故而可以判断答案