Unit+1+Back+to+School+Words+and+Expressions+课件-【知识精讲精研】高中英语牛津译林版（2020）必修第一册

Unit4

WordsandExpressions

与身体语言相关的单词：___________手势，姿势___________摆好姿势____________微笑___________皱眉____________眨眼____________打哈欠___________摇头____________点头_____________鼓掌______________耸肩____________扭动_____________鞠躬____________端坐___________垂头弯腰地走___________凝视____________怒视__________握手gestureposesmilefrownwinkyawnshakeone'sheadnodshakehandsapplaudshrugswaybowsitslumpstareglare1.interactionn.交流→___________v.交流2.varyv.变化，改变→__________n.变化，多样性__________adj.各种各样的3.appropriateadj.合适的→______________adv.合适地4.approvev.赞成，同意→____________n.赞成，同意5.demonstratev.表现，说明→_____________n.表现6.employv.使用，雇佣→____________n.使用，雇佣7.interpretv.理解，口译→____________n.理解，口译8.differv.相异，不同于→____________adj.不相同的→____________n.差异，不同9.angern/v.愤怒，生气→__________adj.生气的10.reliableadj.可靠的__________v.依靠，依赖—interactvarietyvariousappropriatelyapprovaldemonstrationemploymentinterpretationdifferentdefferenceangryrelyon11.slightadj.轻微的→________adv.稍微12.assessv.评价，评估→___________n.评价13.internaladj.内部的→__________adj.外部的14.educatorn.教育者→___________v.教育→___________n.教育→___________adj.有教育意义的___________adj.有教养的15.barelyadv.几乎不，勉强→________adj.赤裸的，光秃的16.occupyv.占据，占领→_________n.占据→____________adj.被占据的17.distractv.分散，分心→__________n.分散，分心→______________adj.分心的18.perceivev.察觉，看待→__________n.察觉,理解slightlyassessmentexternaleducateeducationeducationaleducatedbareoccupationoccupieddistractiondistractedperception19.distinguishv.区分，辨别→____________adj.卓越的，杰出的→____________adj.区别的开的，可辨认的20.anxietyn.焦虑，担忧→________adj.焦虑的21.embarrassv.使尴尬→__________n.尴尬→_____________adj.感到尴尬的→_____________adj.令人尴尬的22.shamen/v.尴尬，丢脸→__________adj.羞愧的，难堪的→__________adj.丢脸的，可耻的23.inquirev.询问→_________n.询问24.ultimatelyadv.最终→___________adj.最终的25.adjustv.调整→_________n.调整26.reactv.反应，回应→_________n.反应，回应distinguisheddistinguishableanxiousembarrassembarrassedembarrassingashamedshamefulinquiryultimateadjustmentreaction短语：1.___________相比之下2.___________相比较3.____________喜欢，赞同4.___________推理，推断5.___________消除，分解6.___________直起来，整理7.___________换句话说8.___________访问，要求,号召9.___________在工作，有影响bycontrastbycomparisoninfavourofmakeinferencesbreakdownstraightenupinotherwordscallonatworkBuildupyourvocabularyFillinthetablewithdifferentformsofthewords.Refertoadictionaryifnecessary.NounVerbAdjectiveAdverbdiffervaryrelyinteractapproveembarrassdifferencedifferentdifferentlyvariance/variable/variability/variationvariable/various/variedvariously/variablyreliance/reliabilityreliablereliablyinteractioninteractiveinteractivelyapprovalapproving/approvedapprovinglyembarrassmentembarrassing/embarrassedembarrassinglyWorkoutthemeaningsoftheunderlinedwordsinthesentencesbelow.Inpairs,listmorewordsofthesamekind.1.Irestmyheadonthedesktogetsomerest.

2.Thechilddisplayedgreatinterestinthehugefireworksdisplay.3.Moststudentsfavourtheplan,whiletheirteachersareinfavourofit.4.Jeremywitnessedthewholeincidentandwasexpectedthebethekeywitness

atthetrail.5.Hislackofeyecontactwhentalkingwithpeopleshowsthathelacks

confidence.6.Whenhenoticedaslightfrownonhistwinsister’sface,hefrownedaswell.1.Irestmyheadonthedesktogetsomerest.

2.Thechilddisplayedgreatinterestinthehugefireworksdisplay.3.Moststudentsfavourtheplan,whiletheirteachersareinfavourofit.restv.toplaceorputn.whensomeonestopsdoingthingssotheirbodycanrecoverenergydisplayv.toshown.ashowfavourv.topreferorlike;(in)favour(of)n.beingfor,approvingof4.Jeremywitnessedthewholeincidentandwasexpectedthebethekeywitness

atthetrial.5.Hislackofeyecontactwhentalkingwithpeopleshowsthathelacks

confidence.6.Whenhenoticedaslightfrownonhistwinsister’sface,hefrownedaswell.witnessv.toseesomethingespeciallyacrimeoranimportanteventn.apersonwhotellswhathe/shesawtothepoliceoratatriallackn.absencev.tonothavefrownn.afacialexpressionthatshowssadnessordisapprovalv.tomakeafacialexpressionthatshowssadnessordisapproval1.Thepresidentstudiedthelatestreportinhisstudy.

2.Keeparecordofallthepayments.

Thereisnothingtostopviewersfromrecordingthefilmsonvideotape.3.I’mdoingsomeresearchonthesubject.Shespenttwoyearsresearchingandfilmingherdocumentary.4.Iputmyhandintomypocketandpulledouttheletter.Pleasehandmethatbook.5.Heshowednotabitofinterestintheplan.Thingsofthatnaturedonotinterestme.(studyv.研究

n.书房)(recordn.记录)(recordv.录制)(researchn.研究)(researchv.研究)(hand

n.手)(hand

v.递给，传递)(interestn.兴趣)(interestv.使感兴趣)Workoutthemeaningsofmorewordsofthesamekind.bycontrast bycomparison breakdown interactiondemonstrate approveof clue gestureWhenwethinkaboutnonverbalbehaviour,orbodylanguage,wethinkaboutcommunication.Whenwethinkaboutcommunication,wethinkabout___________.Sowhatisourbodylanguage

___________toothers?Socialscientistshavespentalotoftimelookingattheeffectsofourbodylanguage.Wemakeassessmentsandinferencesfrombodylanguage.Andaccordingtothosejudgementswe___________onepersonanddislikeanother.Sobodylanguageprovidesexternal___________

thatareinfluencedbyinternalthoughtsandfeelings.Scientistshavefoundthatwhendemonstratinginteraction approveofcluesReadthepassageaboutbodylanguage.Fillintheblankswiththecorrectformsofthewordsandphrasesinthebox.wefeelproudandpowerful,weusuallystraightenuptomakeourselvesbigger.___________,whenwefeelpowerless,wetendtoslump,makingourselvessmaller.Itisobviousthatourmindscaninfluenceourbodies.Butisitalsotruethatourbodiescanaffectourminds?Scientificexperimentsshowthatifwemakepowerful__________

longenough,wemayactuallyfeelmorepowerful.Peoplewhoremembertousepositivebodylanguagearemorelikelytofeelpositive___________,sosomescientistssuggestthatweuseourbodiestotrypowerposingtohelp___________

ourfeelingsofshynessandpowerlessness.Bycontrast gestures bycomparison breakdown bycontrast bycomparison breakdown interactiondemonstrate approveof clue gesture

语法填空1.Theyscoredhigheronsocial___________(interact).2.Thegrandhotelcanofferusa________(vary)ofservices,including_________(vary)dishes.3.Thismanagercandealwiththeproblem_________________（appropriate）andcorrectly.4.Her__________(approve）inthematterisimportant.5.Iwillshowmy_____________(demonstrate)toallofyou.6.Thegovernmentisaimingatfull____________(employ).7.Everyonecanmakea__________(differ)tothisworldbecauseeveryoneis___________(differ).

语法填空1.Theyscoredhigheronsocial___________(interact).2.Thegrandhotelcanofferusa________(vary)ofservices,including_________(vary)dishes.3.Thismanagercandealwiththeproblem_________________（appropriate）andcorrectly.4.Her__________(approve）inthematterisimportant.5.Iwillshowmy_____________(demonstrate)toallofyou.6.Thegovernmentisaimingatfull____________(employ).7.Everyonecanmakea__________(differ)tothisworldbecauseeveryoneis___________(differ).interactionvarietyvariousappropriatelyapprovaldemonstrationemploymentdefferencedifferent8.Heis__________(anger)forherrudeness.9.Heisa___________(rely)person,andyoucanrelyonhim.10.Theweatheris__________(slight)coldtoday.11.Hewroteaverygenerous__________(assess)ofmywork.12.Asweknow,___________(educate)isvitalforus.13.Receivingeducationmakesusbecome________(educate).14.Thisisa__________(educate)movieforstudents.15.Iam_________(occupy)withmypreparationofthespeech.16.Don’tletyour____________(distract)ruinsyou,sodon’tget___________(distract)whenyouaredriving.17.Idon’tagreewithyour______________(perceive)inthisissue.8.Heis__________(anger)forherrudeness.9.Heisa___________(rely)person,andyoucanrelyonhim.10.Theweatheris__________(slight)coldtoday.11.Hewroteaverygenerous__________(assess)ofmywork.12.Asweknow,___________(educate)isvitalforus.13.Receivingeducationmakesusbecome________(educate).14.Thisisa__________(educate)movieforstudents.15.Iam_________(occupy)withmypreparationofthespeech.16.Don’tletyour____________(distract)ruinsyou,sodon’tget___________(distract)whenyouaredriving.17.Idon’tagreewithyour______________(perceive)inthisissue.angryreliableslightlyassessmenteducationeducatededucationaloccupieddistractiondistractedperception18.Therestandsa______________(distinguish)buildinginfrontofthevillage,anda_____________(distinguish)personworksontheland.19.Wewillfeel____________(embarrass)whenfacing_____________(embarrass)things.20.Doingsome___________(shame)thingsmakesherfeel___________(shame).21.They__________(ultimate)succeededinclimbingthemountain.22.Wecanmakesome__________(adjust)whenthingschange.18.Therestandsa______________(distinguish)buildinginfrontofthevillage,anda_____________(distinguish)personworksontheland.19.Wewillfeel____________(embarrass)whenfacing_____________(embarrass)things.20.Doingsome___________(shame)thingsmakesherfeel___________(shame).21.They__________(ultimate)succeededinclimbingthemountain.22.Wecanmakesome__________(adjust)whenthingschange.distinguishabledistinguishedembarrassedembarrassingshamefulashamedultimatelyadjustments

单句写作1.相比之下，有一些人是真的喜欢工作。_______________,therearesomepeoplewhoactuallyenjoywork.2.比较起来，去年教育经费增加了。______________,expenditureoneducationincreasedlastyear.3.我赞同你的观点。Iam_________________youridea.4.我们可以通过与他的姿态做出一些推理。Wecan________________throughhisgesture.BycontrastBycomparisoninfavourofmakeinferences5.回家路上我们的车坏了。Ourcar___________________onourwayhome.6.整理一下你的房间。________________yourroom.7.她是一个可靠的人，换句话说，你可以信任她。Sheisreliable，_________________,youcanrelyonher.8.我们应该号召更多的人保护环境。Weshould_______________morepeopletoprotecttheenvironment9.你做的有影响。Whatyouhavedoneis____________.brokedownstraightenupinotherwordscallonatwork1.varyvi.(根据情况)变化；改变__________adj.各种各样的__________n.种类；多样化varietyvariousavarietyof(＝varietiesof＝various)各种各样的核心用法varyfrom...to...=varybetween..and..

由……到……不等varyin...

在……(大小、形状等)上不同varywith...

随……而变化1.MydoctorsaidIshouldvarymydiet.医生说我应该使日常饮食更加多样化。2.Theheightsoftheseplantsvarybetween8cmand20cm.植物的高度从8厘米到20厘米不等。3.Thediamondsvaryinsize,sotheyhavedifferentprices.钻石大小不同，所以价格也不同。4.Avarietyof

datahavebeencollectedfromvarioussources.种类繁多的数据从各方面搜集来。5.Thepricesofsomegoodsvarywiththeseason货品价格随四季变动即学即练①Thequalityoftheirproductsnever________(vary);itisalwaysexcellent.②Moreandmorepeoplechoosetoshopinasupermarketasitoffers________(vary)goods.③For________(vary)ofreasons,IamafraidIcan'tadoptyouradvice.④Withthedevelopmentofeconomy,therearevarieties________goodsinstores,varying________dailygroceriestoluxurygoods,whichgreatlyenrichpeople'slife.Inaddition,thegoodsvary________theseason________varietyandquantity.活学巧记Americaisregardedasameltingpot,whereexista_________ofethnicandculturalgroupswith______customs.Sometimespeople'scustomscan____withtime.美国被称为一个熔炉，在那里存在着多种多样的有着不同风俗习惯的民族和文化群体。有时人们的风俗习惯会随时间而变化。varyvarietyvarious2.appropriate

adj.合适的；恰当的__________adv.合适地；恰当地______________不合适inappropriateappropriately核心用法beappropriateto/for适合于...beappropriateforsbtodosth.某人做某事是合适的Itisappropriatethatsb.(should)do...某人做……是合适的Hisclotheswerenotappropriateforsuchaseason.他的衣服不适宜在这样的季节穿。Itwasappropriatethatshe(should)keepsilentatthetime.当时她保持沉默是合适的。Theoldwomanknewhowtodressherselfappropriatelyeveryday.这个老太太知道如何每天得体地穿着。即学即练①Thebookwaswritteninastyleappropriate

theageofthechildren.②It’snecessaryforyoutomakeyourchildknowthatyouexpecthimtoact

(appropriate)towardsotherpeople.③Itisappropriateforus

(enjoy)natureandtastelife,whichbringsusenormousbenefit.④Itisentirelyappropriatethathismusic

(play)atthisfestival.⑤Weneedtoensuretheeducationthestudentsreceiveis

.我们需要确保学生们所接受的教育符合他们的需要。

for/toappropriatelyto

enjoy(should)

be

playedappropriate

to

theirneeds3.approve

v.赞成；同意.批准；通过_________n.赞成；认可；批准___________v.不赞成；不同意disapprovaln核心用法(1)approveofsth.同意/赞同某事approveofone’s/sb.doingsth.同意/赞同某人做某事beapprovedby被……批准(2)approvaln.批准；认可；赞同giveone’sapprovalto批准win/earnone’sapproval得到某人的赞成

approvaldisapprove

1.ThecourseisapprovedbytheMinistryofEducation.该课程已获教育部核准。2.Idon’treally

approve

of

childrenwearingmake-up.我不赞成孩子化妆。3.Itisincrediblethatmysonhasmadesuchanimportantdecisionwithoutmyapproval.我儿子未经我的许可就做了如此重要的决定，真是让人难以置信。4.Therewardingjobwonhimmany

approvingglances.①Iapproveofyou

(try)tomakesomemoney,butpleasedon’tneglectyourstudies.②Iwouldappreciateitifmyapplicationcouldgetyour

(approve).③Shewantedtotrainforthetheatrebutherparents

(approve)ofherintention.④Asurveyshowsthatnotallparents

theweekendclasses.一项调查显示，并不是所有的父母都赞成他们的孩子上周末班。tryingapprovaldisapprovedapprove

of

their

children

attending即学即练4.witness

v.当场看到，目击；见证

n.目击者，证人核心用法(1)witnesssth.目击某事;见到…；当场看到…；见证…(2)be(a)witnessto作为……的证明bear/givewitnesstosth.为……作证，证明(3)witnessforsb为某人作证Severalresidentsclaimedtohavewitnessedtheattack.

几个居民声称他们亲眼目睹那起袭击事件。Thelastfortyyears

havewitnessedgreatchangesinourcountry.（无灵主语）过去的40年见证了我们国家的重大变化。Hisgoodhealth

isawitnesstothesuccessofthetreatment.他身体健康证明这种疗法是成功的。Onewitnesstotheaccidentsaidthedriverappearedtobedrunk.那起事故的一个目击者说司机好像喝醉了。Peterdecidedtoappearas(a)witnessfortheprosecution.彼得决定出庭为原告作证。单句语法填空①Onewitness__________theaccidentsaidthedriverappearedtobedrunk.②Itwasanextraordinaryexperience___________(witness)thefirstsunriseofthenewmillennium.完成句子③Thepolicefound______________(一个……的目击证人)theaccidentandaskedherto____________________(作证).④Manypeople_______________________(目睹了那场事故)becauseithappenedduringtherushhour.巧学助记：The________whohad_________theaccidentpromisedtobe_______incourt.那场事故的目击者承诺会出庭作证。to

towitness

awitnessto

givewitness

witnessedtheaccident

awitnesswitnesswitnessed即学即练5.employ

v.使用；应用；雇用_________n.雇主；老板__________n.雇工；雇员_________n.职业；工作；使用核心用法1.employsb.as...雇用某人当……2.employsb.todosth.雇用某人做某事3.employonselfindoingsth/beemployedindoingsth从事于/忙于(做)某事

outofemployment失业Manylocalpeopleareemployedasguidesinthetourismindustry.在旅游业中，很多当地人受雇做导游。Anumberofpeoplehavebeenemployedtodesignthethemepark.许多人被雇来设计这个主题公园。Shewasemployedinmakingalistofalltheworktobedone.她忙着把所有要做的工作列一个清单。Igotthisjobthroughanemploymentagency.我通过一家职业介绍所找到了这份工作。employeremployeeemploymentunemployment①The________(employ)warnedthe________(employ)toworkhardortheywouldbefired.②________(employ)inteaching,hehasnotimetotakecareofhisfamily,whichmakeshiswifeupset.②Hismotherisemployed

anaccountantinaninternationalcompany.③Thecollegeactuallyemployedher

(take)overtheDNAproject.④ThesedaysmyfriendChrishasbeenemployed

writinganewbookallthetime.⑤Thejobprovideseightweeksofpaid

(employ)alongwithtraining.活学巧记：____________ratehasincreasedrecently.Thereasonisthatalotofcompanieswantto_______enoughworkers.Also,__________offerhigherpaytothequalified__________最近就业率有所攀升，原因是许多公司想雇用足够的人手。此外，老板也给符合资格的员工支付更高的工资。asto

takeinemploymentemployees.Employmentemployemployers6.differ

v.相异；不同于_________n.不同；差异_________

adj.不同的；有区别的bedifferentfrom...核心用法differfrom...

和……不同differin...

在……方面不同differwithsb.on/about/over...

在……上不同意某人的看法makea/nodifferencetosb./sth.对某人/某物有/没有影响tellthedifferencebetweenAandB(=tellAandBapart)区分A和B

differencedifferentdistinct1.Customsdifferindifferentcountries.各国风俗不同。2.Thetwinsdifferfromeachotherincharacter.这对双胞胎性格迥异。3.Ihavetodifferwithyouonthat.在那一点上我不能同意你的看法。4.Onefalsestepwillmakeagreatdifference.失之毫厘，差之千里。①Thetwonationsdiffer

thecultureandclimate.②Thatfashionindifferentcountriesdiffers

eachotherreflectstheculturaldifferences.③Inourdailylife,everyonefailseverynowandthen.Itishowyoureactthatmakesa

(different).④BritishEnglishis

(differ)fromAmericanEnglishinpronunciationandspelling.巧学助记：

Theyaretwinsisters.It'shardtotellthe__________betweentheminappearance.However,theyare________fromeachotherintheirhabitsandtheyalso________fromeachotherinmanyotherways.Butthatmakesno_______andtheygetonverywell.

她们是双胞胎姐妹。在外貌上难以辨别她们。然而，她们有不同的习惯，在其他很多方面也不相同。但那没有影响，她们相处得很融洽。infromdifferencedifferent即学即练differencedifferentdifferdifference7.favour=favor

v.较喜欢；选择；有利于

n.帮助；恩惠；赞同_________adj.赞同的；有利的______________adj.最喜欢的n.心爱的人/物

核心用法dosb.afavour帮某人忙showfavourtosb偏袒某人asksb.afavour

=

askafavourofsb

请某人帮忙infavourof赞成；支持insb.’sfavour对某人有利owesb.afavour欠某人人情favouritefavourableCanIaskafavourofyou?=CanIaskyouafavour?我能请您帮个忙吗?Ateachershouldn’tshowtoomuchfavourtooneofhisstudents.老师不应该太偏袒他的某一个学生。Fromhissatisfiedexpression,weconcludedthathewasinfavouroftheplan.从他满意的神情来看，我们断定他支持这个计划。Favourablepoliciesareineffecttoencourageemployees’professionaldevelopment.优惠政策有效地鼓励了员工的职业发展。“in＋名词＋of”其他短语有inneedof需要incelebrationof为了庆祝…inpraiseof称赞inhonourof向……表示敬意incaseof万一inmemoryof为了纪念……用favour的相关短语完成句子①Mysisterwasagainstmysuggestionwhilemybrotherwas_________(支持)it.②Theywereexcitedbecausethescorewas3­1______________(对他们有利)．③Please_________(帮我个忙)andturndowntheradiowhileIamonthephone.④I'msorrytodisturbyou,butIhaveto________________(请你帮忙)inthehopethatyoucouldpickupmyfriendfromtheairport.单句语法1.Part-timeworkersshouldn’treceiveless

(favour)treatmentthanfull-times.2.Ilikeallthebooksontheshelfbutthisoneismy

(favour).即学即练favourablefavourite8.reliable

adj.可靠的；可信赖的

___________adv.可靠地；可信地_________v依靠；依赖；信赖_________________n．可靠(性)；可信(性)核心用法relyon/upon

=

dependon/upon依靠；信任；依赖relyonitthat...相信……Amanwhoisdeadtothejusticeisnotreliable.一个没有正义感的人是不可信的。Irelyonhimbecauseheisreliable.我依靠他是因为他很可靠。Heisapersonthatyoucanrelyon.他是一个你可以信赖的人。Youmayrelyonitthatshewon’tbelate.你可以放心，她不会迟到的。relyreliability

reliably1.Inordertoensurechildren’shealth,wearedeterminedtoprovidemilkproductswith

(rely)sources.2.Youcanrelyonhim

(help)youwhenyouareintrouble.3.Thegoodthingaboutchildrenisthattheyadaptveryeasilytonewenvironmentsandtheycanlearntorely

themselvesquickly.4.Don’talwaysrelyon

thatotherswilllendyouahandwhenyou’reintrouble.Dodependonyourself.5.Ihavebeenconvincedthattheprintmediaareusuallymoreaccurateand__________________(reliable)thantelevision.6.Youcan___________________(相信)Peterwouldliketoacceptthesuggestion.reliableto

helpon/uponitmorereliable

rely/dependonitthat

即学即练9.breakdown消除；分解；打破；失败；被搞垮；出故障1.Theyfinallybrokedown

theirlong-standingmisunderstandingagainsteachotherandbecamefriendsagain.他们两人终于解开了长期存在的误解，重归于好。2.Thecarbrokedownonthewaytotheairport.车在去机场的路上抛锚了。3.Yourhealthwillbreakdownifyouworktoohard.若工作太累，身体会垮的。4.Thepeacetalk

brokedownwithnoagreementreached.和平会谈失败，没有达成任何协议。①IfGeorgekeepsonworkingsohard,hishealthwillbreakdownsoonerorlater. ②Whatisknowntousallisthatthebacteriathatliveinthesoilhelptobreakdownourwastes. ③Themachinebrokedownyesterday,butithasbeenfixed. ④Attemptsmustbemadetobreakdownthebarrierbetweenthetwocommunities.垮掉分解出故障消除breakaway(from)离开；脱离breakout(火灾、战争等)突然爆发breakinto破门而入；突然……起来breakin打断；插嘴；破门而入breakup破碎；(使关系等)破裂；驱散；解散；分拆，分解breakthrough冲破；突破

即学即练Theirstucollegewouldbreakupthenextmonth,sotheydecidedtobreak______theirband.Abigfirebroke_______lastnightanditscauseisbeinglookedinto.Whenhegothome,hefoundhishousebroken________.See,yourcomputerhasbroken________again!Itdoesn’tmakesensetobuythecheapestbrandofcomputerjusttosaveafewdollars.up

out

into

down10.assessment

n.评价；评定

核心用法makeanassessmentof对……作出评估assess

v.评定；评估；估算(access)assesssth.at估价为……assesssb./sth.(assth.)评估，评定(性质、质量)1.Theassessment

soundsreasonableandisprobablyclosetothetruth.

评估合情合理，几乎接近事实。2.Aftertheflood,theyassessedthelossat10million.

洪水过后，他们估算损失为一千万元。3.Theyoungmenwereassessedaseithersafeorunsafedrivers.

这些年轻人被评定为谨慎驾驶员和不谨慎驾驶员两类。①Firstaidrequiresrapid

(assess)ofvictimstodecidewhetherlife-threateningconditionsexist.②Muchtooursurprise,thelossofthatcompanyinthefirewasassessed

onemilliondollars.③Thatmeansyoumustbeable

(assess)whenpeoplearenottellingthewholetruthandthentrytodiscoverit.④Ithinkitmaytakesometimebeforewecan

ofthedamagetotheenvironment.我认为可能要过一段时间我们才能对环境遭到的破坏作出评估。assessmentatto

assessmakeanassessment即学即练11.inotherwords换句话说，也就是说核心用法ina/oneword总之；简言之

keepone’sword遵守诺言

breakone’sword失信；不守诺言haveawordwith...与…谈一谈

havewordswith...与…拌嘴/吵架beyondwords无法用言语表达wordcomes/camethat...有消息说……1.I’mnotusedtothewayyouspeaktome.Inotherwords,Idon’twanttocontinueourconversation.我不习惯你对我说话的方式。也就是说，我不想继续我们的谈话了。2.Thepolicemandecidedtohaveawordwiththatwitness.

那位警察决定和目击证人谈一谈。3.Oncewebreakourword,nobodywilltrustusagain.一旦我们食言，就不会再有人相信我们了。①Fivepeoplemakeuptheteam;

,theteamismadeupoffivepeople.

五个人组成了这个团队。换句话说，这个团队是由五个人组成的。②

,wemusttakemeasurestoprotectrareanimals.

总之，我们必须采取措施来保护珍稀动物。③Iwasveryangryand

himoverthematter.

我很生气，和他就这件事吵了起来。④

thatLindawonthefirstplaceintheEnglishcompetitionyesterday.

消息传来说琳达在昨天的英语竞赛上得了第一名。

in

other

wordsIn

a/one

wordhad

words

withWord

came即学即练11.tendency

n.趋势；倾向核心用法haveatendencytodosth.有做某事的倾向tend

v.趋向；易于；照顾；护理tend(to)...照料，护理……(tend(to)patients)tendtodosth.易于做某事；倾向于做某事1.Roughlyspeaking,thetendencyofthemarketisstilluncertain.

大体来说，市场的趋势仍不确定。2.IhaveatendencytotalktoomuchwhenI’mnervous.我紧张时总爱唠叨。3.Womentendtolivelongerthanmen.女人往往比男人长寿。4.Wetendtogetcoldwintersandwarm,drysummersinthispartofthecountry.

在我国这个地区，往往冬季寒冷而夏季温暖干燥。①Theteacherhasa

(tend)togetofftopic;sometimesitisdifficultforstudentstomakeoutwhatheissaying.②Researchshowsthatifwearefacedwithtoomuchinformation,wehaveatendency

(make)poorchoices.③Occupiedwithroutineofficetasks,shehadnotimetotend

herchildren.④Manypeopletend

(talk)abouttraditionswithoutknowingwhattheyreallyare.⑤Thereis

forpeopletoworkathomeinsteadofinoffices.

人们在家工作而不是在办公室工作的趋势日益增长。

tendencyto

maketoto

talka

growing

tendency即学即练12.occupy

v.占据；占用__________n.占领；职业；工作_________

adj.忙于……的；已被占用的核心用法occupyoneselfwithsth.忙于(做)某事occupyoneself(in)doingsth.忙于做某事beoccupiedwithsth.忙于某事beoccupiedin(doing)sth.忙于(做)某事occupied

occupation1.Ican’tmeetyouonSunday.I’llbeotherwiseoccupied.

星期天我不能见你了。我要忙别的事情。2.Sheoccupiedherselfwithroutineofficetasks.她忙于办公室的日常工作。3.He

isfullyoccupiedinlookingafterthreeyoungchildren.照顾三个年幼的孩子使他忙得不可开交。4.Weneedyouraccurateinformation:

yourname,age,

occupationandsoon.我们需要你的准确信息:姓名、年龄、职业，等等。①

(occupy)withherwork,shedidn’tevennoticetheheavysnowfalloutsidethewindow.②Havingretiredfrombusiness,henowoccupieshimself

thewelfareofthedisabled.③Inmanyofthecavesthereisevidenceofhuman

(occupy).④Ihavebeen