高考英语一轮复习 第一部分 Unit 3 Life in the future 试题

Unit3LifeinthefutureⅠ.情景默写1.Moransaysoneoftheproblemswithjazztodayisthattheentertainmentaspect(方面)ofthemusichasbeenlost.(2017·全国卷Ⅰ)2.Ithadwhite－paintedtunnelsandbrightredcarriages(客车)，andprovedextremelypopularwiththepublic.(2017·全国卷Ⅱ)3.Theyrecycle(回收利用)theirgarbagebecausetheycareabouttheenvironment.(重庆卷)4.Draytonisoptimistic(乐观的)thatintenyearsAshokawillbemakingreallyserious，practicalprogress.(安徽卷)5.Ifyoutolerate(容忍)aperson，youaccepthimalthoughyoudonotparticularlylikehim.6.Moreyoungpeoplearemakingtheswitch(转换)tomicroblogjobseeking.7.Wearetakingoffnow.Pleasefasten(系牢)yoursafetybelt.8.Ifastudentlacks(缺乏)themotivationtostudy，heorshewillquicklybecometiredofstudying.9.Theshopassistantguided(引导)metotheshelfwherethegardeningbooksweredisplayed.10.Heisgreedy(贪婪的)forwealthwhilesheisdyingforhealth.11.Tomthoughtcarefullyforseveraldaysanddecidedtotake__up(从事)thejob.12.Nobodynoticedwhenheenteredtheclassroom;heslid__into(溜进)itfromthebackdoor.13.Sheshoweda__lack__of(缺少)responsibility，soshelostthegoodopportunity.14.Don’tleaveheralonetosweep__up(打扫)thehouseaftertheparty.15.Manycountriesarefacedwiththeproblemabouthowtospeed__up(加速)economicdevelopment.16.IwatchedtheplanegohigherandhigheruntilIlost__sight__of(看不见)it.Ⅱ.词性转换1.ThecityofHangzhouisreallyanimpressiveplace.EspeciallythefamousWestLakealwaysleavesquiteanimpressiononthevisitors.IwasstronglyimpressedbyitsbeautythefirsttimeIsawit.(impress)2.Ialwaysdreamofhavingahousesurroundedbytreesandflowers.Ifwecanliveinsuchbeautifulsurroundings，wemusthaveahappyfeelingeveryday.Thesurroundingthingsalwayshaveaneffectonourmoods.(surround)3.Anadjustmentcanbemadetothesedesksandseats；ifyoufollowtheinstruction，itisquiteeasytoadjustthemproperly.(adjust)4.Thefirmispressingmeforadecisionandthepressurefrommyparentsisquiteunbearable，soIhadtoacceptthisnewjob.(press)5.Anofficialwassenttosettletheproblembutdifferentopinionsoftwosidesdestroyedallthehopesofapeacefulsettlement.(settle)6.Itismorecomplicatedthanwepreviously(previous)thought.7.AsIwalkedbythetown，Iwasconstantly(constant)remindedofmychildhood.8.IwassofamiliarwithhimthatIrecognizedhisvoiceinstantly(instant)Ipickedupthephone.1.句型公式：themomentwhen...我仍然记得我们一起赏月的时刻。Istillrememberthe__moment__when__we__enjoyed__the__full__moon__together.2.句型公式：主语＋be＋adj.＋todo像你给我看的这样的书是很难理解的。Suchabookasyoushowedmeis__difficult__to__understand.3.句型公式：asif引导的状语从句那孩子跟我们谈起话来，像个成年人似的。Thechildtalkedtousas__if__he__were__a__grown－up.4.句型公式：what引导的宾语从句与逃跑的司机相比，我为所做之事感到非常自豪。Comparedwiththeescapeddriver，Iamproudofwhat__I__have__done.(湖北卷·标准范文)5.句型公式：Thereisnotimeleft...已经没有时间来仔细考虑了。There__has__been__no__time__leftforustothinkitover.6.句型公式：地点状语放于句首的倒装句在我们房子的前面有一棵1000多年树龄的大树，现在已经被政府保护起来了。In__front__of__our__house__stands__a__tall__treewithahistoryof1，000years，whichisprotectedbythegovernmentnow.7.句型公式：抽象地点名词后的定语从句他陷入一种难以分辨是非的局面。Hegotintoasituationwhere__it__is__hard__to__decidewhatisrightandwrong.第一板块重点单词1.lackvt.&vi.没有；缺乏n.缺乏；短缺的东西高考必刷题练透单句语法填空/一句多译①Forlackofhumanprotection，thenumberofYangtzeFinlessPorpoiseisbecomingsmallerandsmaller.(重庆卷)②It’snotthatexercisemakesyouhealthy;it’smorethatalackof__exerciseleavesyourbodyweakandeasilyaffectedbydisease.(浙江卷)③AsIlookbackonthatdaynow，itsurelylacks(lack)anysenseofreality.(北京卷)④ThoughJackwaslackinginexperience，hemadeupforitwithenthusiasm.⑤她不受欢迎的原因是缺乏幽默。⑤－1A__lack__ofhumoraccountsforherunpopularity.⑤－2Thereasonwhysheisnotpopularisthatshelackshumor.⑤－3Lacking__inhumor，sheisnotpopular.状元笔记全记牢(1)eq\b\lc\{(\a\vs4\al\co1(lack＋n.缺乏……,lackfor＋n.（多用于否定句中）需求))(2)eq\b\lc\{(\a\vs4\al\co1(for/throughlackof＋n.因缺乏……,alackof＋n.缺乏……,nolackof不缺乏))(3)eq\b\lc\{(\a\vs4\al\co1(lackingadj.短缺的；缺乏的,belackingin缺少))【点津】lack作名词时常与介词of连用；作动词时可用作及物动词直接加宾语(不用被动语态)，也可作不及物动词；形容词lacking常与in连用。2.instantn.瞬间；片刻adj.立即的；立刻的高考必刷题练透单句语法填空/句型转换①Hepausedforaninstantbeforecontinuing.②Inaninstant，hetookoffhiscoatandjumpedintothewater.③Muchtomysurprise，sheburstintotearstheinstantshereadtheletter.→Muchtomysurprise，sheburstintotearsinstantlyshereadtheletter.状元笔记全记牢(1)eq\b\lc\{(\a\vs4\al\co1(inaninstant＝instantly立刻；马上,foraninstant一瞬间))(2)eq\b\lc\\rc\}(\a\vs4\al\co1(themoment/minute/instant,instantly/immediately/directly\a\vs4\al(＋从句)))eq\a\vs4\al(一……,就……)3.toleratevt.容忍；忍受高考必刷题练透单句语法填空/微写作①Ican’ttolerateworking(work)withKateinthesameoffice.Shejustrefusestostoptalkingwhilesheworks.②Insteadofblamingthechildwhohadbrokenthevase，shegavehimatolerant(tolerate)smileandlethimgo.③在一些专家的眼中，火星上的生活条件非常艰苦难以忍受。Insomeexperts’opinion，livingconditionsontheMarsare__very__hard__totolerate.(广东卷·写作)状元笔记全记牢(1)tolerate(sb)doingsth容忍/忍受(某人)做某事(2)tolerancen.宽容tolerantadj.宽容的【联想】“忍受”的其他表达：①stand②endure③bear④putupwith第二板块核心短语1.takeup拿起；接受；开始从事；承担；继续；占用(时间、物品等)；占据(空间)高考必刷题练透写出下列句中takeup的含义/介、副词填空①Wetriedtofindatableforseven，buttheywerealltakenup.占据(空间)②ShetookupthestorywhereTimhadleftoff.继续③IalwaystakeupthebookandreadwhenIaminlowspirits.拿起④Peterwilltakeuphispostastheheadofthetravelagencyattheendofnextmonth.开始从事；承担⑤Areyougoingtotakeupthechallengeoflastingawholeweekwithoutarguing？接受⑥Hedidn’ttakeinwhathereadbecausehismindwasfocusedonsomethingelse.⑦Itwasnotlongbeforetheschooltookonanewlook.状元笔记全记牢takeuptoomuchroom占据太多的空间takeupone’soffer接受了某人的邀请【联想】①takedown写下；拆除②takein收留；吸收；欺骗；领会；理解③takeover接任；接替；采用2.speedup加速高考必刷题练透单句语法填空/微写作①Theinstructorkeptrepeatingthewords，“Speedup！”“Slowdown！”“Turnleft！”(2017·全国卷Ⅰ)②Ourphysicsteachersaidthatlighttravelsataspeedof300，000kmpersecond.③显而易见，一个好的学习习惯能帮助我们加速达到目的地。(四川卷·书面表达)Obviously，agoodlearninghabitcan__help__us__to__speed__up__to__reachourdestinations.状元笔记全记牢(1)reducespeed/slowdown减速pickupspeed逐渐加速(2)athigh/low/full/topspeed以高/低/全/最高速ataspeedof...以……速度【点津】speed的过去式、过去分词有两种形式：speeded，speeded或sped，sped。3.losesightof看不见；忽略；忘记高考必刷题练透单句改错/完成句子①Theyfellinloveatthefirstsight,andthreemonthslater，theygotmarried.去掉the②Atsightofhismother,theboyrantoher.sight前加the③Onlyashort－sightedmanwilllose__sight__of__the__importance__of__education.只有鼠目寸光的人才会看不见教育的重要性。④Thewindpartedthesmokejustenoughforhimto__catch__sight__ofSibson.风吹散了烟使得他正好能够看见西布森。⑤Attherailwaystation，themotherwavedgoodbyetoherdaughteruntilthe__train__was__out__of__sight.在火车站，母亲向女儿挥手告别直到火车从她的视野中消失。状元笔记全记牢(1)catchsightof望见；看到loseone’ssight失明；看不到comeintosight进入视野内；映入眼帘(2)atfirstsight乍一看atthesightof看到outofsight看不到in/withinsight在视野内第三板块经典句式Exhausted，Islidintobedandfellfastasleep.我感到累极了，爬上床很快就睡着了。高考必刷题练透(1)完成句子①Too__nervous(由于太紧张)，Icouldn’tthinkofanythingatthebeginningoftheexam.However，Ididn’tworrybuttriedtocalmmyselfdown.(四川卷·书面表达)②Toourrelief，themissingchildreturnedhometendayslater，tired__but__healthy(疲惫不堪却很健康).(2)选词填空(helpless，helplessly)③Helpless，wewatchedthehousebeingdestroyedbeforeoureyes.④Theoldbuildingwasburneddownascrowdswatchedhelplessly.状元笔记全记牢(1)形容词(短语)作状语可以表示方式、原因或伴随状况等，可位于句首、句末或句中，常用逗号与句子其他成分隔开。(2)不同含义及结构形容词作状语时常用来说明句子主语的状态，即和主语常可构成系表关系；如果用来修饰句子的谓语动词或整个句子，则应用副词作状语。Ⅰ.课文语法填空LiQiangcouldn’tbelievethathehadtraveledtotheyearAD3008in1.atimecapsule.2.Becausethiswashisfirsttrip，hewasworriedand3.unsettled(settle)sothathesuffered4.from“timelag”.Besides，hewashitbythelackoffreshair.Hisguide，WangPing，whowasvery5.understanding(understand)，gavehimsomegreentabletsandamask，6.whichhelpedhimovercometheproblems.However，LiQiangexperiencedsomethingnew.He7.flew(fly)abovethegroundinahoveringcarriage.8.Arriving(arrive)home，hewasshownintoalarge，brightcleanroomwithawalloftrees.Aftereatingsomething，hefellsound9.asleep(sleep)inthebedthat10.was__produced(produce)fromthefloor.Ⅱ.课文短文改错Atthefirstmynewsurroundingswasdifficulttotolerate.Theairseemedthin，asthoughitscombinationofgaseshavelittleoxygenleft.Hittingbyalackoffreshair，myheadached.JustasItriedtomakethenecessaryadjusttothisnewsituation，WangPingappeared.“Putupthismask，”headvised.“It’llmakeyoufeelmorebetter.”Hehandedtomeandimmediatelyhurriedmethroughtoasmallroomnearbyforarest.Ifeltbetteronnotime.SoonIwasbackonmyfeetagainandfollowinghimtocollectahoveringcarriagedrovebycomputer.答案Ateq\a\vs4\al(the)firstmynewsurroundingseq\f(was,were)difficulttotolerate.Theairseemedthin，asthoughitscombinationofgaseseq\f(have,had)littleoxygenleft.eq\f(Hitting,Hit)byalackoffreshair，myheadached.JustasItriedtomakethenecessaryeq\f(adjust,adjustment)tothisnewsituation，WangPingappeared.“Puteq\f(up,on)thismask，”headvised.“It’llmakeyoufeeleq\f(more,much)better.”Hehandedtomeandimmediatelyhurriedmethroughtoasmallroomnearbyforarest.Ifeltbettereq\f(on,in)notime.SoonIwasbackonmyfeetagainandfollowinghimtocollectahoveringcarriageeq\f(drove,driven)bycomputer.Ⅲ.单元要点微写作假设你是中学生李华，向学校英语报社写作板块投稿，主题为“未来生活”。请根据以下要点写一篇小作文。1.环境：更舒适、更美丽；2.能源：太阳能、风能，海水成为能源，能源不再缺乏；3.生活：丰衣足食，周游世界；4.工作学习：效率更高，压力更小。注意：1.请根据以上要点写一篇60词左右的短文；2.尽量使用本单元的知识点；3.可适当增加细节。【参考范文】Withthedevelopmentofscienceandtechnology，Iamoptimisticaboutlifeinthefuture.Bythattimethesurroundingswherewelivewillbemorecomfortableandbeautiful.Peoplewillnotworryaboutlackofenergyanylongerbecausesolarenergyandwindenergywillhavebeenmadefulluseofandseawaterwillbeswitchedintoenergyaswell.Notonlywillwebeprovidedwithenoughfoodandclothing，butwecanalsospendmoretimetravellingaroundtheworld.Furthermore，itisbecausewecanworkmoreefficientlythatwewillhavelessstresseitherfromourstudyorwork.Ⅰ.阅读理解AccordingtoresearchersatYaleUniversity’sInfantCognitionCenter，babiescanactuallytellgoodfromevil，evenasyoungasthreemonthsold.Puppets(木偶)areusedtoshowgoodandbadbehavior.Inonecase，apuppetistryinghardtoopenabox.Anotherpuppet，the“good”puppet，helpsitopenthebox，whileanother，the“bad”puppet，shutstheboxonpurpose.Morethan80%ofthetimethatexperimentisdone，babieswillchoosethe“good”puppetwhenpresentedwithbothpuppetsandgiventhechancetochooseeitherone.Humansarebornwithasenseofgoodandevil，accordingtoPaulBloom，Yale’sBrooksandSuzanneRagenProfessorofPsychology.“Wearenaturallymoralbeings，butourenvironmentcanimprove—orsadly，weaken—thisinbornmoralsense，”Bloomsaid.SonowI’mwonderingif，duringthosemonthswhenIthoughtmybabieshadnoideaoftheworldaroundthem，IdidanythingIshouldnothavedone.LyzLenz，momofanearlythree－year－olddaughterandseven－month－oldson，wondersthesamething.“Afterthebirthofmydaughter，Iwatchedallof‘Damages’，aTVshowwhereGlennCloseplaysanevillawyer，”shesaid.ManywomenItalkedwithbye－mailoronFacebookweren’treallysurprisedtolearnthere’smuchmoregoingoninthebrainsofourlittlestones.JessicaMcFadden，founderoftheblog“AParentinAmerica”andmotherofthree，rememberswhenherdaughterAlicewasfourmonthsold.“Shewouldbabble(talkquicklyinawaythatishardtounderstand)worriedlyinfrontofthelargefamilyphotohanginginourhome，”saidMcFadden.Thephotowastakenbeforeherdaughterwasbornandincludedeveryoneinthefamily—excepther.“Shetrulyseemedput__outthatshewasnotinthepicture!Whenthephotowasreplacedwithanewoneincludingher，shesmiled，wavedherhandsandwouldhappilylookatiteachtimeshepassedit，”shesaid.【语篇导读】本文是说明文。耶鲁大学的科学家研究发现，三个月大的婴儿就能辨识善恶。1.Duringtheexperiment，babiespreferthepuppetthat________.A.openstheboxB.helpsopentheboxC.shutstheboxD.presentsthebox答案B[细节理解题。根据第二段中的“the‘good’puppet，helpsitopenthebox”以及第三段中的“babieswillchoosethe‘good’puppet”可知，实验中婴儿们主要选择的是那个“善良的”木偶，即帮着打开盒子的木偶。]2.WhatdidMcFaddenprobablythinkofBloom’sfindings?A.Theycameasnosurprise.B.Theyneededtobeproved.C.Theywereofverylittleimportance.D.Theywouldhelpbabieslearntospeak.答案A[推理判断题。根据倒数第四段中的“Manywomen...weren’treallysurprisedtolearn...”以及最后三段以McFadden为例说明此观点可知，McFadden应该对Bloom的研究发现并不感到意外。]3.Theunderlinedphrase“putout”inthelastparagraphcanbeunderstoodas“________”.A.proud B.nervousC.excited D.unhappy答案D[词义猜测题。根据倒数第二段中的“Shewould...worriedlyinfrontofthelargefamilyphoto”可知，McFadden的女儿虽小，但她不喜欢看到全家福里没有自己，故选D项。]4.Whatisthemainpurposeofthistext?A.Tointroduceapuppetgame.B.Toimprovehumans’moralsense.C.Toreportanddiscussaresearchresult.D.Toofferandshareparentingexperience.答案C[写作目的题。本文报道了一项关于婴儿道德意识的研究，并对它进行了讨论，故选C项]。Ⅱ.七选五Intheageofthekeyboard，somepeopleseemtothinkhandwritinglessonsareonthewayout.SteveGraham，aliteracyprofessoratVanderbiltUniversityinNashville，Tennessee，hasbeenhearingaboutthedeathofhandwritingforthepastfifteenyears.__1__Hesaid，“Iftheresultsofasurveywehavepublishedthisyearareaccurate，itisbeingtaughtbyaboutninetypercentofteachersingradesonetothree.”Ninetypercentofteachersalsosaytheyarerequiredtoteachhandwriting.__2__ProfessorGrahamsaysonestudypublishedthisyearfoundthataboutthreeoutofeveryfourteacherssaytheyarenotpreparedtoteachhandwriting.__3__Othersteachitforsixtytoseventyminutesaday.Manyadultsrememberlearningthatway—bycopyinglettersoverandoveragain.__4__Manyexpertsalsothinkhandwritingshouldnotbetaughtonlywithitself.Instead，theysayitshouldbeusedasawaytogetstudentstoexpressideas.__5__Teacherscommonlyreportthataboutone－fourthoftheirstudentshaspoorhandwriting.Somepeoplemightthinkhandwritingisnotimportantanymorebecauseofcomputersandvoicerecognition(识别)programs.A.Afterall，thatiswhywewrite.B.Nowadaysteacherspaymoreandmoreattentiontotheirstudents’writing.C.Soisitstillbeingtaught?D.Butwhocaresifpeopleknowhowtowritewell?E.Butstudieshaveyettoanswerthequestionofhowwelltheyareteachingit.F.Today’sthinkingisthatshortperiodsofpracticesarebetter.G.Hesayssometeachersteachhandwritingfortentofifteenminutesaday.【语篇导读】本文主要介绍了在电脑时代，学校教授书法的现状研究。1.C[根据下文中的“itisbeingtaughtbyaboutninetypercentofteachersingradesonetothree”可知，空处应表示对是否要教学生书法的疑问，故C项符合语境。]2.E[根据上文中的“Iftheresultsofasurveywehavepublishedthisyearareaccurate，itisbeingtaughtbyaboutninetypercentofteachersingradesonetothree”及空前一句可知，此处表示对研究结果的进一步分析，故E项符合语境。]3.G[根据下文中的“Othersteachitforsixtytoseventyminutesaday”可知，此处表示一些老师教授书法的时间，所以G项符合语境。]4.F[根据语境可知，空处与上文的“Manyadultsrememberlearningthatway—bycopyinglettersoverandoveragain”形成对比，并与下文的“Manyexpertsalsothinkhandwritingshouldnotbetaughtonlywithitself”呼应，此处讲述的是学书法的方法的今昔差异，故F项符合语境。]5.A[根据语境可知，空处承接上文中的“Instead，theysayitshouldbeusedasawaytogetstudentstoexpressideas”，此处表示表达想法正是我们练习书法的原因，所以A项符合语境。]Ⅲ.完形填空MyclassandIvisitedChrisCareCenterinPhoenix，Arizonatocomforttheoldpeoplewhoneededalittlecheeringupduringtheholidayseason.Thefirsttwo__1__therewereforpersonsrequiringhelpintakingcareofthemselves.Wesang__2__forthem.Theylovedoursweetsongsandtheflowersthatweleftwiththem.Aswewere__3__onthethirdfloorforoldpeoplewithAlzheimer(老年痴呆症)，mostofthem__4__offatthewallsorfloor.However，onelady__5__myeye.Shewassittingbythedoor，inawheelchair，singingsongstoherself.Theyweren’tthesongsthatweweresinging，atleasttheydidn’t__6__likethat.Aswegot__7__witheachfestivesong，shedidaswell.Thelouderwegot，theloudershegot.__8__shewassinging，shewasalso__9__outtouswithherhandsandbody.IknewthatIshouldhavegoneovertoher，butIthoughtthatmy__10__weretomystudents.Peoplewhoworkedatthecarecentercould__11__toher，Ithought.JustwhenIstoppedfeeling__12__aboutnotgivinghertheattentionsheneeded，oneofmystudents，Justin，showedmewhattheholidayseasonisreallyabout.Justinalso__13__thesamelady.Thedifferencebetweenusisthathe__14__onherneeds，butIdidn’t.Duringthelastsong，“SilentNight，”Justinwalkedovertoherandheldherhand.Helookedthisagedladyinher__15__andwithhisactionssaid，“Youareimportant，andIwilltakemy__16__toletyouknowthat.”Thistired，elderlyladystoppedsingingandheldhishand.Thenshetouchedhischeekwith__17__hand.Tearsbegantofalldownherface.No__18__cancompletelydescribethattouchingmoment...It__19__aboytoteachme，aman，aboutkindnessandlove.Justin’sexampleofacomplete，selflessattitudetowa