华侨大学外国语学院211翻译硕士英语专业硕士历年考研真题及详解

目录

2017年华侨大学211翻译硕士英语考研真题及详解

2018年华侨大学211翻译硕士英语考研真题

2017年华侨大学211翻译硕士英语

考研真题及详解

PartⅠVocabularyandstructure(30%)

Directions:Thereare30incompletesentencesinthispart.Foreach

blanktherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Choosetheonethatbest

completethesentence.ThenmarkthecorrespondingletterontheAnswer

Sheetwithasinglelinethroughthecenter.

1.Ittookfivedaystoclimbthemountainandonlyonedayto_____.

A.dispose

B.decline

C.descend

D.degrade

【答案】C

【解析】句意：爬上山需要5天，而下山只需要一天。descend下

降；下来。dispose布置；安排；处理。decline（数量、价值、质量等

的）减少；下降；衰落。degrade降低……身份；侮辱……的人格。故选

C。

2.Successingraduallyovercomingherhandicapshad_____the

formerlyshyandunhappyHelen.

A.reconciled

B.reclaimed

C.transformed

D.triggered

【答案】C

【解析】句意：海伦不断克服自身缺陷取得的成功，改变了原来那

个害羞且忧郁的她。handicap障碍；阻碍；生理缺陷。transform使改变

外观（或性质）；使改观。reconcile使和谐一致；调和。reclaim拿回；

要求归还。trigger触发；引起。本题强调前后的变化，故选C。

3.DuetotheinventionofThomasEdison,peoplecouldnowuse

electricityto_____theirhome.

A.kindle

B.illuminate

C.gleam

D.glitter

【答案】B

【解析】句意：因为爱迪生的发明，人们现在可以用电灯来照明。

illuminate照亮；照明。kindle点燃；开始燃烧。gleam闪烁；发微光。

glitter闪耀；闪亮。电灯照亮了屋子，故选B。

4.Thebottlescarriedthewarning“If_____ontoclothingorskin,wash

immediately!”

A.accumulated

B.littered

C.dispersed

D.splashed

【答案】D

【解析】句意：瓶身上写着警告事项：“如果不小心溅到衣物或者皮

肤，请立即清洗！”。splash（把衣服等）溅污。accumulate积累；积

聚。litter乱扔；使乱七八糟。disperse驱散；散开；传播。故选D。

5.Everyyear,thousandsofpassengersarekilledbecauseof_____

behaviorofadrunkdriver.

A.unreasonable

B.reckless

C.haughty

D.casual

【答案】B

【解析】句意：每年成千上万的行人都因司机酒驾这种不计后果的

行为而毙命。reckless鲁莽的；不计后果的；轻率的。unreasonable不合

理的；不公正的。haughty高傲自大的。casual不经意的；漫不经心的。

本题强调酒驾司机不负责任，不尊重他人生命的轻率态度，故选B。

6.Languagemakespossibletheexchangeandthe_____ofideas

betweenmen.

A.interaction

B.transmission

C.extension

D.recommendation

【答案】A

【解析】句意：语言使得思想之间的交流和互动成为可能。

interaction相互作用，相互影响，互动。transmission（电子信号，数

据）传播；传递。extension延伸；延长；recommendation推荐，介绍。

本题主要强调语言沟通双方的互动，interaction和exchange同义，故选

A。

7.ThetragedyoftheChallenger_____anongoingcontroversyonall

aspectsofAmerica’sspaceprogram.

A.arose

B.resulted

C.ignited

D.started

【答案】C

【解析】句意：挑战者号的悲剧引发了人们关于美国航天各方面的

持续争议。ignite点燃；（使）燃烧，这里形象化表明挑战者号的悲剧

的震撼性。arise出现；产生，是不及物动词，后面不能直接加宾语。

result（因……）发生，后面接导致的结果时要加in。start启动；开始，

用在此处不恰当。故选C。

8.Hehadspentallofhismoneyin_____livingandhadtogotowork

asadaylaborerinDenver.

A.romantic

B.decent

C.modest

D.extravagant

【答案】D

【解析】句意：他之前生活奢侈无度，花光了所有的钱，现在不得

不到丹佛市打工。extravagant奢侈的；挥霍的。romantic浪漫的。decent

得体的；相当不错的。modest适度的；有节制的。故选D。

9.BeforeshecouldreachtheshoetheWitchhas_____itawayandput

itonherfoot.

A.thrown

B.hauled

C.whirled

D.snatched

【答案】D

【解析】句意：她的脚还没够到鞋子，女巫已经一把抓起鞋子套在

她脚上。snatch一把抓起；一下夺过。throw扔；抛；丢。haul（用力）

拖，拉，拽；用力缓慢挪动到（某处）。whirl使旋转，回旋，打转。故

选D。

10.TuitioninauniversityoftheUnitedStatesvaries_____depending

onthetypeofinstitutionanditsendowment.

A.substantially

B.occasionally

C.slightly

D.abnormally

【答案】C

【解析】句意：美国各高校根据机构类型和资质不同，学费略有差

异。slightly轻微地；些微地。substantially基本上；大体上。occasionally

偶尔地；间或。abnormally反常地；不正常地。故选C。

11.Hewas_____whenhefoundthathehadbeentakeninbyhisrival.

A.furnace

B.furious

C.fuse

D.furnish

【答案】B

【解析】句意：当他发现自己被对手欺骗的时候，他感到十分愤

怒。betakenin意为“受骗；上当；中计”。furious狂怒的；暴怒的。

furnace熔炉，名词。fuse保险丝；导火线。furnish在（房屋等）处布置

家具；向（某人或某事物）供应。故选B。

12.Cigarettesmokinghasbeen_____withbreastaswellaslung

cancer.

A.chained

B.contacted

C.associated

D.integrated

【答案】C

【解析】句意：吸烟和乳腺癌以及肺癌密切相关。beassociatedwith

与……有关。bechainedto被束缚在；为……束搏。becontactedwith

与……联系。beintegratedwith与……结合起来；各部分密切协调的。

故选C。

13.Scientistshavespentyears_____intotheeffectsofcertain

chemicalsonhumanbrainwithnoresult.

A.studying

B.researching

C.investigating

D.inspecting

【答案】B

【解析】句意：科学家们已经花费数年来研究特定化学物质对人脑

的影响，但一无所获。researchinto对……进行研究。study表研究，后

面一般直接加研究的对象。investigate调查。inspect检查；视察。故选

B。

14.Haveyouseenthelatest_____ofthemagazine?

A.copy

B.edition

C.issue

D.volume

【答案】C

【解析】句意：你看过这杂志的最新一期吗？issue发行；期号，

latestissue最新一期；最新刊。copy（书、报纸等的）一本，一册，一

份；（报刊等的）稿件。edition版次；版本（出版形式）。volume（成

套书籍中的）一卷，一册。故选C。

15.Thestrongstormdidalotofdamagetothecoastalvillage:several

fishingboatswere_____andmanyhousescollapsed.

A.wrecked

B.spoiled

C.torn

D.injured

【答案】A

【解析】句意：强风暴严重破坏了这个海边村庄，几艘渔船被毁

坏，很多房屋垮塌。wreck使（船舶）失事；使遇难；使下沉。spoil糟

蹋；毁掉；变质；腐败。tear撕裂；撕开；撕破。injure（人在事故中）

伤害，使受伤。此处特指船，故选A。

16.Isthiswatch_____youwishtohave_____?

A.theone;repaired

B.which;itrepaired

C.theone;itrepaired

D.which;repaired

【答案】A

【解析】句意：你想修理的是这个手表吗？可先将疑问句改成陈述

句：Thiswatchis…youwishtohave…第一空所缺的是定语从句的先行

词，用theone来代替上文的thiswatch，又因为theone后面的关系代词在

定语从句中作have的宾语，可以省略，再加it与省略的关系代词重复，

故选A。

17._____aplantodealwithitisimportant.

A.Thatweshouldworkout

B.Weshouldworkout

C.Whatweshouldworkout

D.Thatwhatweshouldworkout

【答案】A

【解析】句意：制定出处理这个问题的计划是非常重要的。is是句子

的谓语动词，因而is前面是主语从句。根据句意，此主语从句不缺少成

分的，所以要用that来引导主语从句。故选A。

18.Ishouldverymuchliketohavegonetothatpartyoftheirs,but

_____.

A.I’mnotinvited

B.Ihavenotbeeninvited

C.Iwasnotinvited

D.Ihadnotbeeninvited

【答案】C

【解析】句意：我本来很乐意去参加他们的聚会，但是我没有被邀

请。邀请发生在过去，是已经完成的动作，这里是称述过去事实，用一

般过去时符合题意，故选C。

19.Heasksthathe_____moretimetoreviewhislessons.

A.mustgive

B.begiven

C.shouldgive

D.hastobegiven

【答案】B

【解析】句意：他要求有更多的时间复习功课。ask表示“要求”时，

从句用虚拟语气。从句谓语动词用should+V，should可以省略。此处是

被给予时间，所以用被动。故选B。

20.Hequiteagreedtohersuggestionthathe_____artinParisfor

anothertwoyears.

A.study

B.studies

C.wouldstudy

D.mightstudy

【答案】A

【解析】句意：他十分赞同她给的建议，再去巴黎学习两年艺术。

suggestion当“建议”讲时用虚拟语气，从句中用should+动词原形，should

可省略。故选A。

21._____inthought,healmostranintothecarinfrontofhim.

A.Losing

B.Havinglost

C.Lost

D.Tolose

【答案】C

【解析】句意：心不在焉，他差点撞上迎面驶来的汽车。过去分词

作原因状语，原句可改为“Becausehewaslostinthought,healmostran

intothecarinfrontofhim.”从句逻辑主语与句子的主语一致都是he，省

去了逻辑主语。故选C。

22.Thenextmorningthehunterwokeuponly_____himselflyingnext

toalion.

A.found

B.finding

C.wastofine

D.tofind

【答案】D

【解析】句意：第二天早晨，猎人醒来竟然发现自己和狮子躺在一

起。onlytofind表示“结果发现”动词不定式表示结果，通常不是人们所

期望的结果，往往是不好的结果。故选D。

23.Themotherdidn’tknowwho_____forthebrokenglass.

A.willblame

B.toblame

C.tobeblamed

D.blamed

【答案】B

【解析】句意：杯子被打碎了，妈妈不知道该责备谁。blamesb.for

sth.为某事责备某人。这里的主语是mother，相当于“mothertoblame

who”，who是疑问词提到前面。疑问词加不定式。故选B。

24.Theyareconsidering_____beforethepricesgoup.

A.ofbuyingstocks

B.withbuyingstocks

C.buyingstocks

D.tobuystocks

【答案】C

【解析】句意：他们打算在价格上涨前买入股票。considerdoing考

虑要做某事。故选C。

25.Theratioofboys_____girlsinthatschoolhasnotchangealot.

A.for

B.with

C.against

D.to

【答案】D

【解析】句意：这所学校男女比例并没有很大变化。ratio…to…

与……之间的比率。故选D。

26.You_____yesterdayifyouwerereallyseriousaboutyourstudy.

A.oughttocome

B.oughttobecoming

C.oughttohavecome

D.oughttohavetocome

【答案】C

【解析】句意：如果你真的紧张这份工作，你昨天就该来了。这是

一种虚拟语气，oughttohavedone本应该做某事但没有做，这里指本应

该来但是没有来。故选C。

27.Ithoughttheywouldcomeforavisit,butitseemstheyarestaying

_____.

A.forgood

B.atlength

C.invain

D.atease

【答案】A

【解析】句意：我以为他们只是来看望我们的，但看来他们想一直

住在这里了。forgood永远；一劳永逸地；永远地。这里本来以为是短

暂的拜访，没想到成为长期的。atlength，终于；最终。invain徒然；

白白地。atease安逸；舒适。

故选A。

28.Thebusinessofeachday,_____sellinggoodsorshippingthem,

wentquitesmoothly.

A.itbeing

B.beit

C.wasit

D.itwas

【答案】B

【解析】句意：日常业务，不管是售货还是运货，都十分顺利。be

it是虚拟语气，完整形式是“whetheritshouldbe...”，意为“无论怎么

样”，是让步状语。should提到前面，形成倒装，更多用在正规文体，

书面语中。故选B。

29.Theproject,_____bytheendof2010,willexpandthecity's

telephonenetworktocover1,000,000users.

A.Accomplished

B.tohavebeenaccomplished

C.beingaccomplished

D.havingbeenaccomplished

【答案】B

【解析】句意：这个项目将在2010年底完成，届时将扩展城市电话

网络，覆盖到一百万用户。bytheendof时间状语用完成时态，后面的

will也表示了将来时态，故用tohavedone表将来完成时。故选B。

30.Theyoungdriverlookedovertheenginecarefullylestit_____on

theway.

A.goeswrong

B.wentwrong

C.shouldgowrong

D.wouldgowrong

【答案】C

【解析】句意：这个年轻的司机仔细检查汽车引擎，以防半路出故

障。在lest引导的从句中，谓语动词用虚拟语气“should+动词原形”，

should可省略。should在这里表猜测，暗示一种可能性。故选C。

PartⅡReadingComprehension(40%)

Directions:Therearefourpassagesinthissection.Eachpassageis

followedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.Foreachofthemthere

arefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Youshoulddecideonthebestchoice

andmarkthecorrespondingletterontheAnswerSheet.

Passage1

Questions1-5arebasedonthefollowingpassage:

Insomecountrieswhereracialprejudiceisacute,violencehassocome

tobetakenforgrantedasameansofsolvingdifferencesthatitisnoteven

questioned.Therearecountrieswherethewhitemanimposeshisruleby

bruteforce;therearecountrieswheretheblackmanprotestsbysettingfireto

citiesandbypillaging.Importantpeopleonbothsides,whowouldinother

respectsappeartobereasonablemengetupandcalmlyargueinfavorof

violence—asifitwerealegitimatesolution,likeanyother.Whatisreally

frightening,whatreallyfillsyouwithdespair,istherealizationthatwehave

madenoactualprogressatall.Wemaywearcollarsandtiesinsteadofwar-

paint,butourinstinctsremainedbasicallyunchanged.Thewholeofthe

recordedhistoryofthehumanrace,thattediousdocumentationofviolence,

hastaughtusabsolutelynothing.Wehavestillnotlearntthatviolencenever

solvesaproblembutmakesitmoreacute.Thesheerhorror,thebloodshed

andthesufferingmeannothing.Nosolutionevercomestolightthemorning

afterwhenwedismallycontemplatethesmokingruinsandwonderthathit

us.

Thetrulyreasonablemenwhoknowwherethesolutionsliearefinding

itharderandhardertogetahearing.Theyaredespised,mistrustedandeven

persecutedbytheirownkindbecausetheyadvocatesuchapparently

outrageousthingsaslawenforcement.Ifhalftheenergythatgoesintoviolent

actswereputtogooduse,ifoureffortsweredirectedatcleaningupthe

slumsandghettos,atimprovinglivingstandardsandprovidingeducationand

employmentforall,wewouldhavegonealongwaytoarrivingatasolution.

Ourstrengthissappedbyhavingtomopupthemessthatviolenceleavesin

itswake.Inawell-directedeffort,itwouldnotbeimpossibletofulfillthe

idealsofastablesocialprogram.Thebenefitsthatcanbederivedfrom

constructivesolutionsareeverywhereapparentintheworldaroundus.

Genuineandlastingsolutionsarealwayspossible,providingweworkwithin

theframeworkofthelaw.

Beforewecanevenbegintocontemplatepeacefulco-existencebetween

theraces,wemustappreciateeachother’sproblemsandlearnaboutthem:it

isasimpleexerciseincommunication.“Talk,talk,talk,”theadvocatesof

violencesay,“allyoueverdoistalk,andwearenonethewiser.”It’srather

likethestoryofthefamousbarristerwhopainstakinglyexplainedhiscaseto

thejudge.Afterlisteningtoalengthyargumentthejudgecomplainedthat

afterallthistalk,hewasnonethewiser.“Possible,mylord,”thebarrister

replied,“butsurelyfarbetterinformed.”Knowledgeisthenecessary

prerequisitetowisdom:theknowledgethatviolencecreatestheevilsit

pretendstosolve.

1.Whatisthebesttitleforthispassage?

A.AdvocatingViolence.

B.ViolenceCanDoNothingtoDiminishRacePrejudice.

C.ImportantPeopleonBothSidesSeeViolenceasaLegitimate

Solution.

D.TheInstinctsofHumanRaceAreThirstyforViolence.

2.Recordedhistoryhastaughtus_____.

A.violenceneversolvesanything

B.nothing

C.thebloodshedmeansnothing

D.everything

3.Itcanbeinferredthattrulyreasonablemen_____.

A.can’tgetahearing

B.arelookeddownupon

C.arepersecuted

D.havedifficultyinadvocatinglawenforcement

4.“Hewasnonethewiser”(Para.3)means_____.

A.hewasnotatallwiseinlistening

B.hewasnotatallwiserthannothingbefore

C.hegainsnothingafterlistening

D.hemakesnosenseoftheargument

5.Accordingtotheauthorthebestwaytosolveracialprejudiceis

_____.

A.lawenforcement

B.Knowledge

C.nonviolence

D.moppinguptheviolentmess

【答案与解析】

1.B暴力难以消除种族歧视。本文开篇就在讨论国家种族矛盾突出

的国家用暴力来解决问题的做法，第一段最后一句提到“Nosolutionever

comestolight…”明确表示暴力手段不管是在历史上还是在今天都没有真

的解决问题。第二段重点讨论法制的作用，第三段进一步说明“交流、

对话”是了解双方问题的前提。全文都在说明暴力不是解决方法，应该

另辟蹊径。故选B。

2.D第一段“Thewholeoftherecordedhistoryofthehumanrace…has

taughtusabsolutelynothing.”明确提出整个人类漫长的暴力史。故选D。

3.D第二段前两句“Thetrulyreasonablemenwhoknowwherethe

solutionsliearefindingitharderandhardertogetahearing.Theyare

despised,mistrustedandevenpersecutedbytheirownkindbecausethey

advocatesuchapparentlyoutrageousthingsaslawenforcement.”真正有理智

的人主张法制，反而遭到人们的轻视、不信任和迫害。他们发现要人倾

听他们的意见越来越困难。A项“人们不听”，B项“遭人轻视”，C项“遭

人迫害”，这三项都包含在D项内。故选D。

4.C听后没有任何收获。Nonethewiser一无所获。主张暴力的人

的论调为人们天天说沟通，谈判，对话，这些并没有带来实效。就像法

官听完律师的长篇辩论之后说，我一无所获一样，但是至少双方通过了

解对方的问题，而这也是真正解决问题的前提。故选C。

5.A第二段最后一句，“Genuineandlastingsolutionsarealways

possible,providingweworkwithintheframeworkofthelaw.”如果我们在

法律的构架中进行工作，真正的持久的解决总是能实现的。故选A。

Passage2

Questions6-10arebasedonthefollowingpassage:

Inthedemocraticsociety,citizensareencouragedtoformtheirown

opinionsoncandidatesforpublicoffice,taxes,constitutionalamendments,

environmentalconcerns,foreignpolicy,andothertissues.Theopinionsheld

byanypopulationareshapedandmanipulatedbyseveralfactors:individual

circumstances,themassmedia,specialinterestgroups,andopinionleaders.

Wealthypeopletendtothinkdifferentlyonsocialissuesfrompoor

people.Factoryworkersprobablydonotsharethesameviewsaswhite

collar,nonunionworkers.Womenenjoyedoutsidetheirhomessometimes

haveperspectivesdifferentfromthoseoffulltimehomemakers.Intheseand

otherwaysindividualstatusshapesone’sviewofcurrentevents.

Themassmedia,especiallytelevision,arepowerfulinfluencesonthe

waypeoplethinkandact.Governmentofficialsnotehowmailfromthe

publictendsto“followtheheadlines.”Whateverisfeaturedinnewspapers

andmagazinesandontelevisionattractsenoughattentionthatpeoplebegin

toinformthemselvesandtoexpressopinions.

Themassmediahavealsocreatedlargeraudiencesforgovernmentand

awiderrangeofpublicissuesthanexistedbefore.Priortotelevisionandthe

nationaleditionsofnewspapers,issuesandcandidatestendedtoremain

localized.InGreatBritainandWestGermany,forexample,electionstothe

nationallegislatureswereusuallyviewedbyvotersaslocalcontests.Today’s

electionsareseenasstrugglesbetweenpartyleadersandprograms.Inthe

UnitedStatesradioandtelevisionhavebeenbeneficialtothepresidency.

SincethedaysofFranklinD.Rooseveltandhis“firesidechats”,presidents

haveappealeddirectlytoanationalaudienceovertheheadsofCongressto

advocatetheirprograms.

Specialgroupsspendvastsumsannuallytryingtoinfluencepublic

opinion.Publicutilities,forinstance,triedtoswaypublicopinioninfavorof

nuclearpowerplants.Opposedtothemwerecitizens’organizationsthat

lobbiedtohalttheuseofnuclearpower.Duringthe1960stheAmerican

MedicalAssociationconductedanunsuccessfuladvertisingcampaign

designedtopreventthepassageofmedicate.

Opinionleadersareusuallysuchprominentpublicfiguresaspoliticians,

showbusinesspersonalities,andcelebrityathletes.Theopinionsofthese

individuals,whetherinformedandintelligentornot,carryweightwithsome

segmentsofthepopulation.Someindividuals,suchasNobelprizewinners,

aresuddenlythrustintopublicviewbythemedia.Byquicklyreachinga

largeaudience,theirviewsgainahearingandareperhapsinfluentialin

shapingviewsoncomplexissues.

6.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?

A.Freedomofspeechinademocraticsociety.

B.Impactofthemassmedia.

C.Forcesthatinfluencepeople’sopinion.

D.Necessityofupholdingideals.

7.Wecaninferfromthesecondparagraphthat_____.

A.genderinfluencesgenderonpeople’sview

B.peoplestatusinfluencestheirview

C.livingstandardinfluencespeople’sview

D.ranksinfluencepeople’sview

8.Theexpression“followtheheadlines”(Line2,Para.3)shows_____.

A.peopleseldomhavetimetoreadnewspaperarticles

B.peoplethinktheheadlinescontainthemostimportantinformation

C.peopleoftengettheiropinionsfromnewspapersortelevision

D.mostpeoplelookonnewspapersorTVasmisleading

9.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?

A.TVprogramshaveastronginfluenceongovernmentalpolicy.

B.Chatsontelevisionsarechiefmeansforrunningforpresidency.

C.MoreandmorepeopleshowinterestinpoliticsbecauseofTV.

D.BeforetheuseofTV,peopleshowedlittleinterestinpolitics.

10.Itisobviousthattheopinionoffamouspeople_____.

A.isoftenignoredbythepublic

B.isseldomexpressedtothepoint

C.isoftenimposedonthepublic

D.hasastronginfluenceonpeople

【答案与解析】

6.C影响人们观点的因素。本文总分结构，第一段最后一句总领全

文，指出个人背景，大众媒体，特殊利益集团和舆论主导人等因素会左

右人们个人观点的形成。故选C。

7.B由本文第二段最后一句，“Intheseandotherwaysindividual

statusshapesone’sviewofcurrentevents.”可知，人们的社会地位决定他

们的观点。故选B。

8.C第三段主要讨论大众媒体对人们观点的影响。参考上下文，政

府发现大众的观点总是趋向于和媒体观点一致。最后一句，不管报纸或

者是电视上出现什么，都会影响大众对该事件的判断和他们个人观点的

表达。故选C。

9.C由第四段第一句，“Themassmediahavealsocreatedlarger

audiencesforgovernmentandawiderrangeofpublicissuesthanexisted

before”大众媒体为政府和公共政策事宜创造了大批的观众。后文接着论

述，电视存在以前，政治选举都是地方化的，而现在公众可以收看或者

收听电视和广播里进行的总统竞选。故选C。

10.D讨论公众人物对社会舆论的主导作用。“theirviewsgaina

hearingandareperhapsinfluentialinshapingviewsoncomplexissues.”本文

最后一句提到，因为公众人物知名度高，他们的观点一经曝出就会有大

量的人知道，并引发很多人追随他们的观点。故选D。

Passage3

Questions11-15arebasedonthefollowingpassage:

Francemightbedescribedasan“all-round”country,onethathas

achievedresultsofequalimportanceinmanydiversebranchesofartisticand

intellectualactivity.MostofthegreatnationsofEuropeexcelinsomespecial

branchofartorofthought:Italyintheplasticarts;Germanyinphilosophy

andmusic;Englishinpoetryandthescience.France,onthecontrary,has

producedphilosophers,musicians,painters,scientists,withoutanynoticeable

specializationofhereffort.TheFrenchidealhasalwaysbeenthemanwho

hasagoodall-aroundknowledge,betterstill,anall-roundunderstanding:itis

theidealofgeneralcultureasopposedtospecialization.

ThisistheidealreflectedintheeducationFranceprovidesforher

children.BystudyingthiseducationweinEnglandmaylearnafewthings

usefultoourselveseventhough,perhapsindeedbecause,theFrenchsystem

isverydifferentfromourowninitsaims,itsorganizationanditsresults.The

Frenchchild,too,therawmaterialofthiseducation,isunliketheEnglish

childanddifferencesintherawmaterialmaywelltheaccountfordifferences

intheprocessesemployed.

TheFrenchchild,boyorgirl,givesonetheimpressionofbeing

intellectuallymorepreciousthantheproductofthecolderEnglishclimate.

Thisprecocityisencouragedbyhisupbringingamongadults,notinthe

nursery.Englishparentsreadilyaccepttheirconversationstothechild’spoint

ofviewandinterestthemselvesmoreinhisgamesandchildish

preoccupation.TheEnglishare,asregardsnationalcharacter,youngerthan

theFrench,or,toputitanotherway,thereisinEnglandnodeepdivisions

betweenthelifeofthechildandthatofthegrownman.

Theartoftalkingtochildreninthekindoflanguagetheyunderstandis

somuchanEnglishartthatmostoftheFrenchchildren’sfavoritebooksare

translationsfromtheEnglish.Frenchparents,ontheotherhand,dotheirbest

todevelopthechild’sintelligenceasrapidlyaspossible.Theyhavelittle

patiencewithchildishideaseveniftheydonotgosofarastolookupon

childhoodasanunfortunatebutnecessarypreludetoadultlife.Notthatthey

needtoforcethechild,forheusuallylendshimselfwillinglytotheprocess,

andenjoystheeffectofhisunexpectedlycleverremarksandunusualsayings

andofhisbrightjudgmentofmenandthings.Itisnotwithoutsignificance

thattheFrenchmotherinsteadofappealingtothechild’sheartbyaskinghim

tobegoodappealstohisreasonbyaskinghimtobewise.Reasonablenessis

lookedforearlyinFrance,andtheageofreasonisfixedatsevenyears.

11.TheauthorconsidersthatFrance_____.

A.specializesintheidealofgeneralculture

B.favorstheidealofgeneralculture

C.isaspecialistcountryinspiteofherself

D.cannothelpbeingaspecialistcountry

12.IncomparingFrenchandEnglisheducationtheauthorindicatesthat

_____.

A.agreatdealcanbelearntbybothcountries

B.differencesshouldnotbelookedforonlyinthemethods

C.theFrenchchildneedsfarmoretraining

D.themaindifferencesareinthechildren

13.ThetextsuggeststhattheFrenchchild_____.

A.isasheisbecauseoftheclimate

B.onlyassociateswithadults

C.isnottreatedasachild

D.isforcedtobehavelikeanadult

14.ByreferringtoFrenchmothers,wecanconcludethatthey_____.

A.arethemostsignificantinfluenceintheirson’slives

B.comparegoodnesswithreason

C.knowhowtoappealtowhatisbestintheirsons

D.Identifywisdomwithreasonableness

15.Whichofthefollowingwouldbethebesttitleforthistext?

A.France:TheCradleofMaster-of-All-Trades.

B.ChildrenEducationinFranceandBritain:ComparedandContrasted.

C.TheInfluenceofBritishEducationonFrenchEducation.

D.CharacteristicsofFrenchChildrenandBritishChildren.

【答案与解析】

11.A本文第一段强调，法国是一个各种领域全面发展的国家。最

后一句“…itistheidealofgeneralcultureasopposedtospecialization.”指

出，法国注重大众文化的普遍陶冶，反对专攻一个领域，法国的特殊就

在于它的不特殊的理念，故选A。

12.A文章对比了法国和英国的儿童教育，谈到了法国父母已成人

化的方法对待孩子，法国儿童智力上更为早熟，而英国父母则擅长以孩

子的方式来教育孩子。作者提到英国可以借鉴法国教育，但两者的不同

其实不在于孰优孰劣，最后一段作者指出法国儿童的读物都是英国出版

的，两者各有所长，可以互相借鉴。故选A。

13.A文章最后一段指出法国父母希望自己的孩子尽快提高智力，

对孩子气的问题似乎并没有什么耐心。而且英国的国民性格比法国更加

年轻。这些信息可以得出，法国孩子被教育的方式就是像成人一样行

事。故选A。

14.D最后一段最后两句，法国母亲并不是通过要求孩子听话来赢

得孩子的心，而是通过让孩子聪明智慧让他们获得理性。可见智慧和理

性在法国教育里是不可分割的。故选D。

15.B本文同时讨论了法国和英国的儿童教育，以法国为重点。B

项较其他选项全面且更符合文意。

Passage4

Questions16-20arebasedonthefollowingpassage:

Thelatterpartofthelastcenturytherelivedamanofscience,an

eminentproficientineverybranchofnaturalphilosophy,whonotlong

beforeourstoryopenshadmadeexperienceofaspiritualaffinitymore

attractivethananychemicalone.Hehadlefthislaboratorytothecareofan

assistant,clearedhisfinecountenancefromthefurnacesmoke,watchedthe

stainofacidsfromhisfingers,andpersuadedabeautifulwomantobecome

hiswife.Inthosedayswhenthecomparativelyrecentdiscoveryofelectricity

andotherhundredmysteriesofNatureseemedtoopenpathsintotheregion

ofmiracle,itwasnotunusualfortheloveofsciencetorivaltheloveof

womaninitsdepthandabsorbingenergy.Thehigherintellect,the

imagination,thespirit,andeventheheartmightallfindtheircongenial

alimentinpursuitswhich,assomeoftheirardentvotariesbelieved,would

ascendfromonestepofpowerfulintelligencetoanother,untilthe

philosophershouldlayhishandonthesecretofcreativeforceandperhaps

makenewworldsforhimself.WeknownotwhetherAylmerpossessedthis

degreeoffaithinman’sultimatecontroloverNature.Hehaddevoted

himself,however,toounreservedlytoscientificstudiesevertobeweaned

fromthembyanysecondpassion.Hisloveforhisyoungwifemightprove

thestrongerofthetwo;butitcouldonlybebyintertwiningitselfwiththis

loveofscience,andunitingthestrengthofthelattertohisown.

Suchaunionaccordinglytookplace,andwasattendedwithtruly

remarkableconsequencesandadeeplyimpressivemoral.Oneday,verysoon

aftertheirmarriage,Aylmersatgazingathiswifewithatroubleinhis

countenancethatgrewstrongeruntilhespoke.

“Georgiana,”saidhe,“hasitneveroccurredtoyouthatthemarkupon

yourcheekmightberemoved?”

“No,indeed,”saidshe,smiling;butperceivingtheseriousnessofhis

manner,sheblusheddeeply.“Totellyouthetruthithasbeensooftencalled

acharmthatIwassimpleenoughtoimagineitmightbeso.”

“Ah,uponanotherfaceperhapsitmight,”repliedherhusband;“butnever

onyours.No,dearestGeorgiana,youcamesonearlyperfectfromthehandof

Naturethatthisslightestpossibledefect,whichwehesitatewhethertoterma

defectorabeauty,shocksme,asbeingthevisiblemarkofearthly

imperfection.”

“Shocksyou,myhusband!”criedGeorgiana,deeplyhurt;atfirst

reddeningwithmomentaryanger,butthenburstingintotears.“Thenwhydid

youtakemefrommymother’sside?Youcannotlovewhatshocksyou!”

Toexplainthisconversationitmustbementionedthatinthecenterof

Georgiana’sleftcheektherewasasingularmark,deeplyinterwoven,asit

were,withthetextureandsubstanceofherface.Intheusualstateofher

complexion—ahealthythoughdedicatebloom—themarkworeatintof

deepercrimson,whichimperfectlydefineditsshapeamidthesurrounding

rosiness.Whensheblusheditgraduallybecamemoreindistinct,andfinally

vanishedamidthetriumphantrushofbloodthatbathedthewholecheekwith

itsbrilliantglow.Butifanyshiftingmotioncausedhertoturnpaletherewas

themarkagain,acrimsonstainuponthesnow,inwhatAylmersometimes

deemedanalmostfearf