英语一轮复习学案必修五unit3Lifeinthefuture

Unit3Lifeinthefuture———————————◄基础盘点·自测自评►———————————eq\a\vs4\al(重点词汇)阅读单词快速排查本单元阅读词汇并在不认识的词汇前划√□aspectn．□timetablen．□typistn．□tabletn．□stewardn．□stewardessn．□maskn．□citizenn．□ecologyn．□postagen．□receivern.(拓展速记1)□dustbinn．□buttonn．□goodsn．□beltn．□motivationn.核心单词1.switchn．开关；转换vt.转换2.fastenvt.系牢；扎牢3.flashvt.&vi.(使)闪光；(使)闪现4.guiden．指导；向导；导游vt.指引；指导5.lackvi.&vt.缺乏；没有n．缺乏；短缺的东西6.materialn．原料；材料7.swallowvt.吞下；咽下拓展单词1.impressionn．印象；感想；印记→impressvt.使留下深刻印象→impressiveadj.令人印象深刻的2.constantadj.时常发生的；连续不断的→constantlyadv.不断地3.uncertainadj.不确切的；无把握的→certainadj.肯定的；确定的；毫无疑问的4.expertisen．专家意见；专门知识(技能等)→expertadj.专家的；内行的n．专家；行家；能手5.stewardn．乘务员；服务员→stewardessn．女乘务员6.surroundingsn．周围的事物；环境→surroundingadj.周围的7.toleratevt.容忍；忍受→tolerancen．忍受；宽容；忍耐力→tolerantadj.忍受的；宽容的8.adjustmentn．调整；调节→adjustv．调整；调节9.pressvi.&vt.按；压；逼迫n．按；压；印刷；新闻→pressuren．压力10.exhaustedadj.筋疲力尽的；疲惫不堪的→exhaustv．使筋疲力尽；耗尽→exhaustingadj.使人精疲力竭的→exhaustionn．精疲力竭；用光；耗尽11.optimisticadj.乐观(主义)的→pessimisticadj.悲观(主义)的→optimismn．乐观→pessimismn．悲观12.mudn．泥(浆)→muddyadj.泥泞的13.imitatevt.模仿；仿造→imitationn．模仿；仿造14.typistn．打字员→typen．类型v．打字→typewritern．打字机15.postagen．邮资→postcoden．邮政编码→postn．邮政；邮寄vt.邮寄；投寄16.efficiencyn．效率；功效→efficientadj.效率高的；有能力的17.disposevt.布置；安排→disposaln．清除；处理18.ecologyn．生态；生态学→ecologicaladj.生态的；生态学的→ecologistn．生态学家19.greedyadj.贪吃的；贪婪的；贪心的→greedn．贪婪；贪心；贪欲20.recyclevt.回收利用；再利用→recyclingn．再循环→recyclableadj.可循环再用的(拓展速记2，3)21.motivationn．动机→motivatevt.激发→motiven．动机；目的eq\a\vs4\al(重点词汇)拓展单词[语境活用]用所给词的适当形式填空1.Heisgreedy(greed)andalwayswantsmore.2.Ialwaysdreamofhavinghousesurroundedbytreesandflowers.Ifwecanliveinsuchbeautifulsurroundings,wemusthaveahappyfeelingeveryday.Thesurroundingthingsalwayshaveaneffectonourmood.(surround)3.Thefamousecologist(ecology)insistedthatsomethingshouldbedonetoprotecttheecology.4.ThecityofHangzhouisreallyanimpressiveplace.EspeciallythefamousWestLakealwaysleavesquiteanimpressiononthevisitors.IwasstronglyimpressedbyitsbeautythefirsttimeIsawit.(impress)5.Aftertheheavyrain,thepathbeforemyhousebecamemuddy,andmyshoeswerecoveredwithmud.(mud)6.Theyhavedecidedtomakeafewadjustments(adjust)totheirtravellingplan.7.AsIwalkedthroughthetown,Iwasconstantly(constant)remindedofmychildhood.8.Iwillnottoleratethatsortofbehaviorinmyclassandnoonewillbetolerantofthat.(tolerate)9.Thebookhasprovedverypopular,givingstudentsasenseofmotivation(motivate)andachievement.10.Manyofthesedrugswereforveryablestudentstohelpthemcopewithstressandexampressure(press)．走进高考1.aspect熟义：n.方面；层面生义：n.(建筑物或窗的)朝向；方向Thehousehadasouth­westaspect.2.instant熟义：n.瞬间；片刻adj.立即的；立刻的生义：adj.速溶的；即食的Hespoonedinstantcoffeeintotwoofthemugs.eq\a\vs4\al(高频短语)1.takeup拿起；接受；开始；继续2.asaresult结果3.innotime立刻4.bebackonone'sfeet(困境后)恢复；完全复原5.losesightof...看不见……6.sweepup打扫；横扫7.slideinto(快捷而悄声地)移动；溜进……8.speedup加速9.(a)lackof...……方面的短缺[语境活用]用左栏短语的适当形式填空1.Ifweoncelosesightofhim,weshallneverseteyesonhim.2.Mydivorcecostmeafortuneandittookthreeyearstogetbackonmyfeet．3.Firstgoandsweepupthesnow.Forlunch,I'lltreatyoutoameathotpot.4.Facingsuchopportunitiesandchallenges,onemustspeedupadjustment.5.Tomthoughtcarefullyforseveraldaysanddecidedtotakeupthejob.6.Nobodynoticedwhenheenteredtheclassroom;heslidintoitfromthebackdoor.7.Sheshowedalackofresponsibility,soshelostthegoodopportunity.eq\a\vs4\al(重点句式)1.形容词＋不定式[原句]Atfirstmynewsurroundingsweredifficulttotolerate.开始的时候，新的环境让我很难以忍受。[仿写]他的理论很难懂。Histheoryisverydifficulttounderstand.2.过去分词(短语)在句中作状语[原句]Hitbyalackoffreshair,myheadached.由于缺乏新鲜空气，我感到头痛。[仿写]假如给予更多的关心和照顾，这个孩子就不会变得如此自私和淘气。Givenmoreattentionandcaring,thechildwouldn'thavebecomesoselfishandnaughty.3.形容词(短语)作状语[原句]Exhausted,Islidintobedandfellfastasleep.我感到累极了，爬上床很快就睡着了。[仿写]又累又渴，他走进一家餐馆。Tiredandthirsty,hewentintoarestaurant.4.where引导的定语从句[原句]Well,nowthere'sasystemwherethewasteisdisposedofusingtheprinciplesofecology.哦，现在有一种装置，能利用生态学原理来处理掉废弃物。[仿写]她处于无望的处境中，在这种情况下我们将密切关注她。She'sinahopelesssituationwherewewillkeepaverycloseeyeonher.eq\a\vs4\al(拓展速记)1.后缀“­er”表示物的名词cooker厨具；炉子counter柜台；计算器drawer抽屉receiver接收机；听筒；话筒speaker扬声器typewriter打字机2.表示重复的前缀“re­”(一)rebirth再生；新生；启蒙rebuild重建；重新组装recall回忆起；回想recover重新得到refuel加油；(给)加燃料regain复得；赢回；重回reheat把……再加热3.表示重复的前缀“re­”(二)relive(在想象中)重新过……的生活；再经历reload再装；重新装reoccupy收复；再占领；再次出任rethink再思考；反思review回顾；检查；重新考虑recycle回收利用；再利用———————————◄考点串讲·重点突破►———————————1．toleratevt.容忍；忍受|对接高考|——单句语法填空①Whenneighborswanttogetalongwellwitheachother,theyhavetoshowtheirtolerance(tolerate)．②IfIwereherstaff,Ireallywouldn'ttoleratebeingscolded(scold)byhereveryday.③Perhapsyouneedtobemoretolerant(tolerate)ofyourneighbors.|考点归纳|(1)tolerate(sb.)doing...容忍(某人)做……(2)tolerancen．容忍；忍耐力(3)tolerantadj.忍受的；容忍的；宽容的betolerantof...对……容忍|名师点睛|表示“容忍”的表达还有：stand(sb.)doingsth.忍受/容忍(某人)做某事；bear(sb.)doing/todosth.忍受/容忍(某人)做某事；putupwith忍受，容忍等。2．lackvi.&vt.缺乏；没有n．缺乏；短缺的东西|对接高考|——单句语法填空①(2016年北京卷阅读理解)Whatislacking(lack)todayistheconflictbetweenadolescent'sdesireforautonomyandtheirunderstandingofanunsafeworld.②Thesechildrenhavehealthproblemslinkedtopoordietandalackofexercise.③ThoughJackwaslackinginexperience,hemadeupforitinenthusiasm.|考点归纳|(1)(a)lackof...缺少……forlackof...因缺少……havenolackof...不缺乏……(2)lack(for)sth.缺少某物(3)lackingadj.短缺的；缺乏的belackingin缺少|名师点睛|lack作及物动词时不能用于被动语态；lack作不及物动词时，后面常与介词for连用；lack作名词时后面常与介词of连用；形容词lacking常与in连用。|能力提升|——一句多译④尽管资金缺乏，他的父母还是设法送他去上大学。→Althoughshortofmoney,hisparentsmanagedtosendhimtouniversity.(beshortof)→Althoughlackingmoney,hisparentsmanagedtosendhimtouniversity.(lackvt.)→Althoughlackinginmoney,hisparentsmanagedtosendhimtouniversity.(lackingadj.)3．instantn．瞬间；片刻adj.立即的；立刻的|对接高考|——单句语法填空①(2015年江苏卷阅读理解)Somenewswillexcitetheirreadersinstantly(instant)whileotherswon't.②Muchtomysurprise,sheburstintotearstheinstantshereadtheletter.|考点归纳|(1)foraninstant一瞬间inaninstant(＝immediately)立刻eq\b\lc\\rc\}(\a\vs4\al\co1(theinstant（that）,（2）immediately/directly/instantly,on/upon＋n./doing))一……就|能力提升|——句式升级③他立刻脱掉外套，跳入水中。(普通表达)Immediately,hetookoffhiscoatandjumpedintothewater.(高级表达)Inaninstant,hetookoffhiscoatandjumpedintothewater.4．takeup拿起；接受；开始；继续；占据；从事|对接高考|——写出下列黑体短语的含义①Wetriedtofindatableforseven,buttheywerealltakenup.占据②IalwaystakeupthebookandreadwhenIaminmylowspirits.拿起③Areyougoingtotakeupthechallengeoflastingawholeweekwithoutarguing？接受④Iputthetelephonedownandtookupmyworkagain.继续⑤Onlystudentsskilfulatswimmingcantakeupthisactivity.从事|考点归纳|takeafter...与……相像takeaway减去；拿走takeback收回；撤销takedown写下；记下takein吸收；领会；欺骗takeoff脱下；起飞；匆匆离开takeon呈现；雇用；承担takeover接管；控制|能力提升|——用take的相关短语完成短文⑥Davidwasahard­workingboy，whotookafterhisfather.Hetookupboxingathighschool.Inclasshewasalwaystakingdownthekeyinformationandtakinginwhattheteachertaughtcompletely.Aftergraduation,hetookoverhisfather'scompanyandtookonanother100workers.5．speedup加速；加快|对接高考|——单句语法填空①Onceoutsidethestation,thetrainbegantopickupspeed.②Thecarisrunningatthespeedof100milesperhour.|考点归纳|athigh/low/full/topspeed以高/低/全/最高速withallspeed以最快速度；开足马力地ataspeedof...以……速度pickup/gatherspeed加速6．过去分词短语作状语(教材佳句)Hitbyalackoffreshair,myheadached.由于缺乏新鲜空气，我感到头痛。|对接高考|——单句语法填空/句型转换①Ordered(order)overaweekago,thebooksareexpectedtoarriveanytimenow.②Seen(see)fromthetopofthehighbuilding,theparklooksevenmorebeautiful.→Seeing(see)fromthetopofthehighbuilding,Ifindtheparkevenmorebeautiful.|考点归纳|Hitbyalackoffreshair为过去分词短语作状语。过去分词或过去分词短语作状语时，可以表示时间、原因、结果、条件、让步、方式、伴随等，表示被动或完成；过去分词的逻辑主语一般与句子主语一致；过去分词表示的动作与句子的主语之间为被动关系。7．形容词(短语)作状语(教材佳句)Exhausted,Islidintobedandfellfastasleep.我感到累极了，爬上床很快就睡着了。|对接高考|——单句语法填空①Theboysatonthesofa,relaxed(relax)．②Toourrelief,themissingboyreturnedhometendayslater,tiredbuthealthy(health)．|考点归纳|形容词(短语)作状语可以表示方式、原因或伴随状况等，可位于句首、句末或句中，常用逗号与句子其他成分隔开。句子的主语就是其逻辑主语。|能力提升|——完成句子③Coldandhungry(又冷又饿),hestoppedworkingandwenthome.④Surprisedandhappy(既吃惊又高兴),Jackstoodupandacceptedtheprize.●eq\a\vs4\al(知识主线串记——————————————————————————)Part1Part2IworkasabusinessrepresentativeintheEcologyCompany.MynewjobhasleftmegoodimpressionsinmanyaspectsexceptthatIhavetoconstantlygoonbusinessbyjet.OnceIwasonthewaytoCaliforniawhensomethingurgenthappened.Theplanewasswallowedbyathunderstorm,withlightningshimmeringamongthedarkclouds.Itookupdifferentjobsinthepreviousyears.Inordertodomyworkwell,Ihadtoconstantlymakeadjustments.ItriedtoleaveagoodimpressionbutIfoundthesurroundingshardtotolerateandthenIlackedmotivationforwork.———————————◄随堂检测·基础过关►———————————Ⅰ.单句语法填空1．Ican'ttolerateworking(work)withKateinthesameoffice.Shejustrefusestostoptalkingwhilesheworks.2．Instantly(instant)hearrivedathisoffice,hegotdowntowork.3．Offered(offer)animportantroleinanewmovie,Andyhasgotachancetobecomefamous.4．Toonervous(nervously)，Icouldn'tthinkofanythingatthebeginningoftheexam.5．Lighttravelsataspeedof300，000kmpersecond.6．Havingnomotivation(motivate)tostudymaybethemostdangerousthingforastudent.7．Youshouldmakefullpreparationsforthejobinterviewifyouwanttoleaveagoodimpression(impress)onthejudges.8.Atthesightofhismother,hecriedwithexcitement.9．Thegreedybosspressedhisworkerstowork(work)16hoursaday.10．Theyproducedastrongimpression(impress)onme.Ⅱ.单句改错1．Lindadidn'ttakepartinthepoetrycompetitionforalackofconfidence._________________________________________________________________答案：去掉lack前的a2．JustataninstantIthoughthewasgoingtorefuse._________________________________________________________________答案：at→for3．AsfarasIknow,thegovernmentwillspeedthepaceofoureconomicreform._________________________________________________________________答案：speed后加up4．Givingtherightkindoftraining,theseteenagesoccerplayersmayonedaygrowintointernationalstars._________________________________________________________________答案：Giving→Given5．Deeplyimpressedonitsbeauty,IfellinlovewithGuilin._________________________________________________________________答案：on→by———————————◄话题拓展·素养升华►———————————Ⅰ.课文里的高考根据课文内容，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。LiQiangcouldn'tbelievethathehadtraveledtotheyearAD3008in1.atimecapsule.2.Becausethiswashisfirsttrip，hewasworriedand3.unsettled(settle)sothathesuffered4.from“timelag”.Besides,hewashitbythelackoffreshair.Hisguide，WangPing，5.whowasvery6.understanding(understand),gavehimsomegreentabletsandamask,whichhelpedhimovercomethe7.problems(problem)．Then,LiQiangexperiencedsomethingnew.Heflewabovethegroundinahoveringcarriage.8.Arriving(arrive)athome,he9.wasshown(show)intoalarge,brightcleanroomwithawalloftrees.After10.eating(eat)something,hefellsoundasleepinthebedthatwasproducedfromthe