广东省2022年中考英语复习学案-专题九动词的语态

专题九动词的语态广东省卷近5年中考统计情况20172018201920202021被动语态√√√√√1.被动语态的用法不知道或没有必要说明动作的执行者是谁,这时不用by+动作执行者短语Suchbooksarewrittenforchildren.这些书是为儿童写的。强调动作的承受者,这时应用by短语ThecupwasbrokenbyDavid.这个杯子被大卫打碎了。作客观说明时,常采用一种被动语态句型:Itwassaid/believed/reported/+that...据说/据信/据报道……It’sreportedthataboutthreehundredpeoplewerekilledinthisearthquake.据报道,大约有300人在地震中丧生。2.被动语态的构成句式句型结构例句肯定句主语+be+过去分词(+by...).Heisoftenaskedtodothiswork(byhisboss).他经常被(老板)要求做这项工作。否定句主语+benot+过去分词(+by...).Iamnotinvitedtotheparty(byhim).我没有被(他)邀请参加宴会。一般疑问句Be+主语+过去分词(+by...)?Areyourclotheswashedbyyourself?你自己洗衣服吗?特殊疑问句特殊疑问词+be+主语+过去分词(+by...)?Whatisthissweatermadeof?这件毛衣是由什么制成的?3.由主动语态变为被动语态的方法(1)主动句里的宾语变为被动句里的主语。(2)主动语态的谓语动词变为被动语态的谓语形式,即“be+动词的过去分词”。要注意be动词既保持主动句的时态,又要与被动句的主语在人称和数上保持一致。(3)主动句里的主语变为介词by的宾语,再把整个介词短语放在谓语动词之后,有时该短语可以省略。例如:各种时态被动语态的构成时态句型结构例句一般现在时主语+am/is/are+过去分词Ourclassroomiscleanedeveryday.我们的教室每天都打扫。一般过去时主语+was/were+过去分词ThecarwasmadeinGermanyin2003.这辆车2003年产自德国。一般将来时主语+will+be+过去分词主语+begoingto+be+过去分词Thesportsmeetingwill/isgoingtobeheldinOctober.运动会将于10月举行。含情态动词主语+情态动词+be+过去分词ShouldteenagersbeallowedtosurftheInternet?青少年应该被允许上网吗?(A)1.DrBethune_______still_______inbothChinaandCanadatoday.

A.is;remembered B.is;remembering C.will;remember D.has;remembered(B)2.Ababy’sfirstmonthbirthdayisaspecialeventinChinaand_______withaspecialparty.

A.celebrates B.iscelebrated C.wascelebrated D.willcelebrate(D)3.Theboythinksheshouldn’t_______whattodobecauseheis18now.

A.tell B.tells C.telling D.betold(C)4.Twobridges_______overtheriverfiveyearsagoinourcity.

A.build B.built C.werebuilt D.arebuilt特殊形式的被动语态有两个宾语(直接宾语、间接宾语)的句子的被动语态常见的接双宾语的动词有give,teach,pay,tell,buy,show,lend,write,pass等。通常这种句子可以改为以“人”作主语和以“物”作主语的两种被动语态Hegavemeabook.他给了我一本书。—Iwasgivenabookbyhim.(以I作主语)—Abookwasgiventomebyhim.(以book作主语)feel,hear,listento,have,make,let(让;使),lookat,watch,see,notice在主动语态中,其后的动词不定式不加to,但在变被动语态时必须加toIsawhimgointotheofficebuilding.我看到他走进办公楼。Hewasseentogointotheofficebuilding.他被看见走进办公楼。动词短语使用被动语态时,不能去掉构成动词短语的介词或副词。这类动词短语有:lookafter,lookat,takecareof,putup,takeaway,goover,payattentionto,cutdown,laughat等Theytookgoodcareofmychild.(主动)他们照顾好我的孩子。Mychildwastakengoodcareof(bythem).(被动)我的孩子被(他们)照顾得很好。有些动词表被动意义,不强调动作,特别是主语为物时。常见的动词有sell,write,wash等Thesenovelswon’tsellwell.这些小说不好卖。Thiskindofclothwasheseasily.这种布容易洗。不及物动词(短语)happen,takeplace没有被动语态GreatchangeshavetakenplaceinDongguaninthelastfewyears.过去的几年里,东莞发生了很大的变化。“want/need/require+动名词”用主动表被动Thedoorisbroken.Itneedsrepairing/toberepaired.门坏了,需要修理。(A)Intheolddays,they_______inthefactoryfrommorningtonight.

A.weremadetowork B.askedtoworkC.madetowork D.wereaskedwork(B)1.(2020·安顺中考)—Krystal,doyouknowhowteaisproduced?—Yes.Whentealeavesareready,theyarepickedbyhandandthen_______forprocessing.

A.send B.aresent C.weresent D.sending(B)2.(2020·黔南州中考)WiththedevelopmentofChina,Chinese_______bymoreandmorepeopleintheworld.

A.speaks B.isspoken C.speak D.isspeaking(A)3.(2020·黔西南州中考)Anumberofvolunteerswill_______forthe2022BeijingWinterOlympicGames.

A.beneeded B.areneeded C.areneeding D.beneeding(A)4.(2020·哈尔滨中考)—Whatlanguage_______inCanada?

—BothEnglishandFrench.A.isspoken B.speaks C.isspeaking D.spoke(C)5.(2020·绥化中考)Theoldlady_______thehospitalintimeatlast.

A.istakento B.tookto C.wastakento D.istaken(D)6.(2020·泸州中考)Ourplantohaveagraduationceremony_______inthenextclassmeeting.

A.wasdiscussed B.willdiscuss C.isdiscussed D.willbediscussed(B)7.(2020·牡丹江中考)Accordingtothenewcityrules,we_______toshowourgreenhealthcodes(健康码)whenwegotopublicplaces.

A.ask B.areasked C.wereasked D.asked(A)8.(2020·湘西中考)AizhaiGreatBridge_______inMarch2012anditisoneofthehighestbridgesinAsia.

A.wasbuilt B.built C.isbuilt D.isbuild(C)9.(2020·丹东中考)Basketball_______in1891.Thenin1936inBerlin,itbecameaneventattheOlympics.

A.plays B.isplayed C.wasplayed D.played(C)10.(2020·铜仁中考)—Chinaisgettingstrongerandstronger.—Yes.SoChinese_______bymoreandmoreforeigners.

A.learn B.learned C.islearned D.waslearned(A)11.(2020·新疆中考)Mostoftheearth’ssurface_______bywater.

A.iscovered B.covers C.isgrown D.grows(C)12.(2020·滨州中考)—WillyougotoLisa’shousewarmingpartynextSunday?—Well,ifI_______,Iwillgoontime.

A.invite B.willinvite C.aminvited D.willbeinvited(D)13.(2020·重庆中考A卷)AnotherbridgeovertheJialingRiver_______lastyear.

A.builds B.built C.isbuilt D.wasbuilt(D)14.(2020·重庆中考B卷)WhenIwasyoung,I_______bymygrandparents.

A.lookafter B.lookedafter C.amlookedafter D.waslookedafter(C)15.(2021·大连中考)The2022AsianGames_______inHangzhou.

A.hold B.held C.willbeheld D.haveheld(A)16.(2021·重庆中考)Alotoftrees_______inourcityinspringeveryyear.

A.areplanted B.wereplanted C.plant D.planted(C)17.(2021·天津中考)TheMonkeyKingisatraditionalChinesecartoonhero.Today,he_______bypeopleofallages.

A.willlove B.wasloved C.isloved D.willbeloved(C)18.(2021·泸州中考)“I’mstillworkingbecauseI’mstillcapableandhopetoguidemoreyoungpeople,”saidWuMengchaowhenhe_______.

A.isinterviewed B.isinterviewingC.wasinterviewed D.wasinterviewing(D)19.(2021·遂宁中考)Tocelebratethe100thbirthdayoftheCommunistPartyofChina,aspeechcompetition_______inourschoollastweek.

A.hold B.held C.isheld D.washeld(C)20.(2021·昆明中考)Alotofteenagersthinkastheyareolderandwiser,they_______tomaketheirowndecisions.

A.shouldallow B.shouldn’tallowC.shouldbeallowed D.shouldn’tbeallowed语法选择Haveyoueverhadadaywheneverythinggoeswrong?Nottoolongago,Iwashavingoneofthosedays.Inlowspirits,Iwas1.Iwasthinkingaboutmyproblemsalone.Afterall,nooneelse2thesameproblemsasIwas.

Iexpressedmysadnesstomymother,hopingforsomepity.3shesaid,“IheardLilywasalsohavingadifficultday.Whynotmakehersomecookiesandtakethemtoherthisafternoon?”Ididn’treallywantto,butdecidedthatIdidn’twant4backtomyownproblemsyet.Imadethecookiesandplaced5onaplate.ThenImadeacardwithasunfloweronitandwroteasmallwarmandsweetnote.

Thatafternoon,wedroppedinatmyfriend’shouse.Iwenttothedoorandrangthebell.Soon,Lilycametothedoor.Shedidn’texpectourvisit.Soshelookedatus6surprise.Beforeshe7saysomething,Irushed,“Iheardthatyouwerehavingabaddayanddecidedtobringyousomething.Ihopeyourdaygoes8.”ThelookonLily’sfacewasgettingbrightinthatsmallact.Itwasasifadarkskysu