八年级英语语法现在完成时练习题及答案剖析

一、时态讲解：现在完成时（1）构成：现在完成时由助动词have+过去分词构成，助动词have有人称和数的变化。第三人称单数用has，其余用have.现在完成时的否定式直接在助动词后面加上not、疑问式是把助动词提到主语之前。以study为例，其否定式、疑问式和简单回答形式如下：否定式疑问式Ihavenot(haven’t)studied….HaveIstudied…?Youhavenot(haven’t)studied….Haveyoustudied…?Hehasnot(hasn’t)studied….Hashestudied…?否定疑问式简单回答（肯定/否定）HaveInot(Haven’tI)studied…?Yes,youhave.No,youhaven’t.Haveyounot(Haven’tyou)studied…?Yes,Ihave.No,Ihaven’t.Hashenot(Hasn’the)studied…?Yes,hehas.No,hehasn’t.（2）用法：1）现在完成时通常表示在说话之前已经完成的动作或存在的状态。说话人强调的是该动作或状态对现在的结果或影响。Mydaughterhasjustgoneout.我女儿刚出去。I’msurewe’vemetbefore.我肯定我们以前见过面。Shehasarrived.她到了。2）表示持续到现在的动作或状态，往往和包括现在在内的表示一段时间的状语连用，如recently,already,just,lately,for…,since…,yet等。如：Ihaven’theardfromherthesedays.这些日子我没有收到她的信。Wehaven’tseenyourecently.最近我们没有见到你。Theyhavebeenawayfortwoyears.他们离开已经两年了。ShehasbeenwithussinceMonday.

★注意：since和for的区别since后接时间点，如1993，lastterm,yesterday,thetimeIgottherefor后接一段时间，表示“长达多久”，如tenyears,awhile,twodays等。Exercise:用since和for填空1.JimhasbeeninIreland______Monday.2.JillhasbeeninIreland______threedays.3.HisaunthaslivedinAustralia______15days.4.Maryisinheroffice.Shehasbeenthere______7o'clock.5.Indiahasbeenanindependentcountry______1974.6.Thebusislate.They'vebeenwaiting______20minutes.7.Nobodylivesinthosehouses.Theyhavebeenempty______manyyears.8.Mikehasbeenill______alongtime.Hehasbeeninhospital______October.2）表示短暂意义的动词如arrive,leave,borrow,buy,begin,start,die等，在完成时当中不能和表示一段时间的状语连用，因为它们表示的动作不可能持续。因此，不能说：Hehascomeherefor2weeks.×Theoldmanhasdiedfor4months.×Theyhaveleftonlyfor5minutes.×以上三句话可以改为：Hehasbeenherefor2weeks.Theoldmanhas_____________for4months.Theyhave__________onlyfor5minutes2）have(has)been和have(has)gone的区别：表示“曾到过某地”要用“have(has)been”;表示“已经去某地”要用“have(has)gone”。试比较：Wherehashebeen?他刚才到哪里去了？（已经回来了）Wherehashegone?他上哪儿去了？（人不在）TheyhavebeentoCanada.他们到过加拿大。（现在已经不在加拿大）TheyhavegonetoCanada.他们到加拿大去了。（可能在路上和已经到加拿大）.3）现在完成时不能和表示过去的时间状语连用，如yesterday,lastyear,in1976,twodaysago,justnow,whenIcamein，但可以和already,yet,sometimes,always,often,before,lately,recently,once,twice,ever,never等连用。例如：Shehasalreadycome.她已经来了。Ihaven’treadityet.我还没读过这个。Ihavemethimbefore.我从前曾见过他。MaHonghasalwaysbeenagoodstudent.马红一直是个好学生。Ihaveoftenseenhiminthestreet.我经常在街上看见他。TheyhaveneverbeentoYan’an.他们从未去过延安。Ihaven'tseenhimlately.我近来没看到他。Exercise:I.Fillintheblankswiththeproperform.1.I____already____(see)thefilm.I________(see)itlastweek.2._____he____(finish)hisworktoday?Notyet.3.Myfather____just____(come)backfromwork.Heistirednow.4.Where’sLiMing?He__________(go)totheteacher’soffice.5.I__________(work)heresinceI______(move)herein1999.6.SofarI_______________(make)quiteafewfriendshere.7.Howlong________theWangs______________(stay)here?Fortwoweeks.8.I________just___________(finish)myhomework.9.He________(go)toschoolonfooteveryday.10.____you______(find)yoursciencebookyet?11.Ifit____(be)finetomorrow,I'llgowithyou.12.Thestudents____________(read)Englishwhentheteachercamein.13.Look!Themonkey__________(climb)thetree.14.Mymother__________(come)toseemenextSunday.15.I'velostmypen._________you________(see)itanywhere?II.Choosethebestanswer.1.Howlonghaveyou_______here?A.come B.got C.arrived D.been2.Mygrandpadied_________.A.attheageofmy2 B.for2yearsC.whenIwas2. D.myagewas6.3.Janehas_____toBeiJing.Shewillcomebacktomorrow.A.been B.gone C.went D.neverbeen4.Itistenyears_____Ilastsawher.A.after B.since C.for D.that5.--WhowillgotothestationtomeetLorry?--Iwill.I_____herseveraltimes.A.met B.havemet C.hadmet D.willmeet6.--Whatanicedress!Howlong_____you_____it?--Just2weeks.A.will,buy B.did,buy C.are,having D.have,had7.--DoyouknowLydiaverywell?--Yes,SheandI_____friendssincewewereveryyoung.A.havemade B.havebecome C.havebeen D.haveturned8.TheSmiths_______inChinafor8years.A.haslived B.lived C.havebeen D.live9.--Hello,thisisMr.Greenspeaking.CanIspeaktoMr.Black?--Sorry.He______theBainiaoPark.A.hasbeento B.hasgoneto C.wentto D.willgoto10.--____youever____totheUS?--Yes,twice.A.Have,goneB.Have,been C,Do,go D.were,goingIII.Rewritethesentences.1.IhavebeentoMacaubefore.(改为否定句)

I__________________beentoMacaubefore.

2.Hehasn’tcometoschoolbecausehewasill.(就划线部分提问)_____________hecometoschool?

3.Iboughanewbikejustnow.(用just改写)

I____just____anewbike.

4.WebegantolearnEnglishthreeyearsago.(改为同义句)We________English____threeyears5.Hehasneversurfed,______________?（改成反意疑问句）6.Theyhavebeenheresince2000.(对划线部分提问)______________havetheybeenhere?7.Theoldman_________lastyear.Hehas______________forayear.(die)（动词填空）8.MissGaoleftanhourago.(同义句转换)MissGaohas_______________________anhourago.Askthequestions1)Ihavebeentherefortwodays._____________________________you____________________?2)Myfatherhaslivedheresince2000.____________________________yourfather___________________?3)Helefthereyesterday._________________he___________________?4)Theyboughtabooktwohoursago._____________________they__________abook?Use“never,ever,already,just,yet,for,since”tofillintheblanks.1.Ihave_______seenhimbefore,soIhavenoideaabouthim.2.Jackhas_________finishedhishomework.3.Mr.Wanghastaughtinthisschool________tenyears.4.“Haveyou________seenthefilm?”“No,Ihave________seenit.”5.“Hasthebusleft_______?”“Yes,ithas_________left.”现在完成时练习题及答案一、翻译下列句子：你曾经吃过鱼和薯条吗？2.我刚刚丢了我的化学书。3.我以前从来没去过那个农场。4.他已经吃过午饭5.你已经看过这部电影了吗？6.我哥哥还没回来。7.这本字典我已买了三年了。8.他离开中国三年了。9.我认识他们五年了。10.他们已去了美国五年了。11.自从他搬到济宁，他就住这儿了。12.我妹妹成为一个大学生已经三年。13.自从1999年以来他们就认识。14.我来到这个学校已3年多了。二、用since和for填空1.______twoyears2.____twoyearsago3.___lastmonth4.______19995._______yesterday6._______4o’clock7_______4hours8._____anhourago___wewerechildren10._____lunchtime11.____shelefthere12.HehaslivedinNanjing___theyearbeforelast.13.I’veknownhim______wewerechildren.14.OurteacherhasstudiedJapanese______threeyears.15.Shehasbeenawayfromthecity______abouttenyears.16.It’sabouttenyears__________sheleftthecity.三、结束性动词转换为以下延续性动词或者表示可以延续的状态的短语。①arriveat/insp/getto/reachsp/come/go/movetosp→beinsp/atschool/athome/onthefarm/behere/bethere1)HegottoBeijingfiveminutesago.He__________Beijingfor.2)ImovedtotheUSAin2008.ItheUSAsince.3)Iwenthomeyesterday.Ihomefor.4)Theycameherelastweek.They___________heresince_____________.②cometo/gobackto/returnto→bebacktogoout→beout1)Hecameouttwoyearsago.He______________for____________.2)WereturntoBeijingyesterday.We_______________toBeijingsince__________.③become→be1)Ibecameateacherin2000.I________________ateacherfor_________________.2)Theriverbecamedirtylastyear.Theriver______________dirtyfor_______________.④close→beclosedopen→beopen1)Theshopclosedtwohoursago.Theshop_____________________for_________________.2)Thedooropenedatsixinthemorning.Thedoor________________________forsixhours.⑤getup→beup；die→bedead；leavesp.→beawayfromsp.fallasleep/gettotsleep→beasleep；finish/end→beover；marry→bemarried；1)Igotuptwohoursago.I_____________________since_______________.2)HeleftShanghaijustnow.He__________________________Shanghaiforfiveminutes.3)Mygrandpadiedin2002.Mygrandpa__________________for_______________.4)Themeetingfinishedatsix.Themeeting____________________forsixhours.5)Igottosleeptwohoursago.I________________since__________________.6)Theymarriedin1990.They___________________________since_________.⑥start/begintodosth.→dosth.；begin→beon1)Ibegantoteachatthisschoolin1995.I________atthisschoolsince____.2)Thefilmbegantwominutesago.Thefilm____________for________.⑦borrow→keep；lose→nothave；buy→have；puton→wearcatch/getacold→haveacold；gettoknow→know1)Theyborroweditlastweek.They__________itsince_____________.2)Iboughtapentwohoursago.I____________apenfor_____________.3)Igottoknowhimlastyear.I___________himsince___________.4)Iputonmyglassesthreeyearsago.I_________myglassesfor______________.⑧have/hasgoneto→havebeeninHehasgonetoBeijing.He_____________Beijingfortwodays.⑨jointheleague/theParty/thearmy→bealeaguemember/aPartymember/asoldier→beamemberoftheleague/theParty→beintheleague/theParty/thearmy1)Hejoinedtheleaguein2002.He_________________a_________________fortwoyears.He___________a_________the________fortwoyears.He_______________________theleaguefortwoyears.2)Mybrotherjoinedthearmytwoyearsago.Mybrother_________a________for______________________.Mybrother___________in___________fortwoyears.四、划线提问1)Ihavebeentherefortwodays._____________________________you____________________?2)Myfatherhaslivedheresince2000.____________________________yourfather___________________?3)Helefthereyesterday._________________he___________________?4)Theyboughtabooktwohoursago._____________________they__________abook五、用have(has)been或have(has)gone填空。A:Where____________LiFei___________?B:He____________toHainanIsland.A:Howlong___________he___________there?B:He_____________thereforthreedays.A:Whenwillhecomeback,doyouknow?B:I’mafraidhewon’tcomebackrecently.A:CouldyoutellmethewaytoHainanIsland?B:Sorry,I_________never___________there.A:Howmanytimes___________LiFei__________tothatplace?B:He_____________thereonlyonce.六、用have/hasbeento/in,havegoneto及go的各种形式填空。1)WhereisJack?He__________hiscountry.2)David________theparkjustnow.3)John_______Englandsincehecameback.4)Howlong_____they_____thisvillage?5)TheSmiths______Beijingforyears.6)_____youever____America?--Yes,I_____theremanytimes.7)I_____thisschoolsincethreeyearsago.8)WhereisJim?He_____thefarm.9)When_____he_____?He_______anhourago.10)Wouldyouliketo_____tothezoowithme?---Yes,butI_____therebefore.11)Where_____you_____now?---I____tothezoo.12)Heoften_____swimming.13)_____you______therelastyear?14)_____theyoften______skatinginwinter?七用never,ever,already,just,yet,for,since填空1.Ihave_______seenhimbefore,soIhavenoideaabouthim.2.Jackhas_________finishedhishomework.3.Mr.Wanghastaughtinthisschool________tenyears.4.“Haveyou________seenthefilm?”“No,Ihave________seenit.”5.“Hasthebusleft_______?”“Yes,ithas_________left.”八.用适当的时态填空：1.She’s_____________(live)hereeversinceshewasten.2.Bothofthem________________(be)inHongkongfortendays.3.Bothofthem____________(come)toHongkongtendaysago.4.Halfanhour__________(pass)sincethetrain__________(leave).5.Mary________(lose)herpen.________you_______(see)ithereandthere?6._________you_____(find)yourwatchyet?7.---Areyouthirsty?---NoI_________just_________(have)someorange.8.We----already_________(return)thebook.9.________they_______(build)anewschoolinthevillage?10.I_____________(notfinish)myhomework.Canyouhelpme?11.Myfather_____(read)thenoveltwice.12.I_________(buy)abookjustnow.13.I_________(lost)mywatchyesterday.14.Myfather___________(read)thisbooksinceyesterday.参考答案：1.since2.for3.for4.since5.since6.for7.for8.since1.have,seen,saw2.Has,finished3.has,come4.hasgone5.haveworked,moved6.havemade7.have,stayed8.have,finished9.goes10.have,found11.is12.werereading13.isclimbing14.iscoming15.Have,seenKeys:1.Howlonghave,beenthere2.Howlonghas,livedhere3.Whendid,leavehere4.Whendid,buyKeys:1.never2.just,already3.for4.ever,never5.yet,just/already现在完成时态练习题答案一．翻译下列句子：1.Haveyoueverhad/eatenfishandchips?2.Ihavejustlostmychemistrybook.3.Ihaveneverbeentothefarmbefore.4.Hehasalreadyhadlunch=Hehashadlunchalready.5.Haveyouseenthemovieyet?6.Mybrotherhasn’tcome/get/beenbackyet=Mybrotherhasn’treturnedyet.7.Ihavehadthisdictionaryforthreeyears/sincethreeyearsago.8.HasbeenawayfromChinaforthreeyears.9.Ihaveknownthemforfiveyears.10.TheyhavebeenintheUSAforfiveyears.11.HehasbeenheresincehemovedtoJining.12.Mysisterhasbeenacollegestudentforthreeyears=Mysisterhasbeenincollegeforthreeyears.13.Theyhaveknowneachothersince1999.14.Ihavebeeninthisschoolforoverthreeyears.二、用since或者for填空1.for2.since3.since4.since5.since6.since7.for8since9.since10.since11.since12.since13.since14.for15.for16.since三、结束性动词转换为以下延续性动词或者表示可以延续的状态的短语①1.hasbeenin,fiveminutes2.havebeenin,20083.havebeenat,twodays4.havebeen,lastweek②1.havebeenout,twoyears2.havebeenback,yesterday③1.havebeen,nineyears2.hasbeen,twoyears④1.hasbeenclosed,twohours2.hasbeenopen⑤1.havebeenup,twohoursago2.hasbeenawayfrom3.hasbeendead,sevenyears4.hasbeenover5.havebeenasleep,twohoursago6.havebeenmarried