2024届新高考英语热点精准复习七选五阅读解题分析

2024届新高考英语热点精准复习

七选五阅读解题分析一考纲解读：主要考察学生对文章的整体内容和结构以及上下文逻辑意义的理解和掌握。（《考试说明》）二命题特点及趋势：1.题型归纳:完形填空填的是词，七选五填的是句子，但考察重点相似。2.选材特点：短文一般为300词左右的说明文或议论文，其中正文词数240左右，选项词数60左右。短文篇章结构常可归纳为：提出问题——解决问题，一般不在首句设空。3.主旨句（标题类，主题句类），过渡性句子（文章结构,承前启后），细节注释性句子（上下文逻辑意义）根据真题高考将继续以说明文为主,议论文为辅。二．寻找思路，按部就班解题步骤：（在高考的现场如果考生用大量的时间来彻底读懂文章的意思其实是不现实的，也是没有必要的，我们可以尝试以下四步走。)1.先读________，明确文章的基本话题,然后仔细阅读五个空各自的____句，寻找并画出。（一名(

)袋（

）鼠（

）很特殊（

），连（

）蹦（

）带跳很彪（_______）悍。）（一名(名词)袋（代词）鼠（数词）很特殊（特殊疑问词），连（连词）蹦（动词）带跳很彪（标点/标题）悍。）2能娴熟地利用各种衔接手段。衔接手段分为三种：词汇衔接、逻辑衔接、结构衔接。可按这几个原则判断原文的空与选项是否匹配。3.一旦确定一个选项，就要在该选项上做出标记（例如可以删掉），以避免干扰和分散注意力。4.将___代入到文章中重读，依据行文逻辑，再次确定选项。三．讲究策略，注重方法细节类题型解题技巧

(词汇的衔接或逻辑的衔接)1.词汇的衔接包括：1)词汇复现复现，是保证文章前后衔接而经常使用的一种写作手段，即作者在文章上下文不同的位置对同一个概念进行重复描述。复现关系，主要是指原词复现、同义词复现、近义词复现、反义词复现等。Ex1…Thescientistssaythatthehumanlifehaschangedgreatly．Ourbodieshavenotbeenabletodealwiththesechangesinlifestyleandthishadledtonewkindsofsicknesses．

72

Sotheyarecalled“diseasesofcivilization”．Manycancersanddiseasesofthebloodsystemareexamplesofsuchdiseases.A．StoneAgepeoplelivedasimplelife.B．Buttoday,weenjoyeatingalotofthese.C．Inthatcase,theywouldlivemuchhealthier.D．Ancientpeoplealsogotlotsofphysicalexercise.E．Thesenewsicknesseswerenotknowninancienttimes.F．Peopletodayprobablydon’twanttolivelikeourancestors.G．Modernpeopleusedtosufferfrom“diseasesofcivilization”.Ex2…Ontheotherhand,theadvantagesofgoingoverseasmayincludeday-to-dayopportunitiestolearnanewculture,meetnewfriendswithwhomyoucanuseandpracticethelanguage,andchancestoseedifferentpartsoftheworld.______Thosedisadvantagesincludeexpense,timeawayfromone’sschool,family,…Thefollowingareitsadvantages.B.However,theremaybeanumberofdisadvantages.C.Consideradistanceeducation.D.Mostofusareadaptedtostudyingatschool.2)同范畴词出现

同范畴词是指跟此词汇相关或同一领域的词汇在文章中共同出现，达到语义衔接的目的。你可以在选项中找到与此词汇最接近的词，从而达到快而准。一般来说，上下文中词汇联系越接近，上下文的衔接关系越紧密。Ex3Everybodygetsstressedtimetotime.Trytakingthesefourstepsthenexttimeyouarestressed:(1)Getsupport.Whenyouneedhelp,reachouttothepeoplewhocareaboutyou.Talktoatrustedadult,suchasaparentorotherrelatives.

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Theymighthavehadsimilarproblemssuchasdealingwithatest,orthedeathofabelovedpet.A.Askforahelpinghandtogetyouthroughthetoughsituation.C.DifferentpeoplefeelstressindifferentwaysE.Youneedtofigureoutwhattheproblemis.F.Anddon'tforgetaboutyourfriends.3）代词线索

英语表达中代词出现的频率极高，代词的作用无非是指代前面提及的名词或形容词概念，巧妙利用这样的指代关系和根据代词的单复数差异可以准确而快速地解题。it可指代单数名词或整个句子；they或them指代复数名词；one指代单数可数名词；that指代不可数名词或句子；this指代单数名词或句子;these或those指代前句的复数名词。73

Theysaythefirststepistoadmitthatyouareangryandtorecognizetherealcauseoftheanger,…4）数字线索包括具体数字以及和数字相关的词汇，诸如ratio,rate等。作者列出数字，除了和其他数字进行对比和比较之外，还可以用数据来说明一个观Ex5…

AsinCanada,theweatherisdifferentfromareatoarea.___

1_Thetemperaturescanfallto–60℃，whichis60℃belowfreezing.Inthecapital,Ottawa,theaverageofwintertemperatureis--10℃,andinsummer21℃.______

2__TheaverageJanuarytemperatureis3℃,andinJulyitis18℃

A.CanadaisfamousforthekindofpaperwhichisusedfornewspapersB.Canadaisthesecondlargestcountryintheworld.C.ThewestcoastofCanadaisthewarmestplaceinwinterD.IntheNorth,thewintersarelongandhardwithsnowforsixmonths.E.FortwocenturiesEnglishandFrenchsettlersstruggledagainsteachother.2.逻辑关系的衔接过渡性句子可以从细节逻辑上判断可分为：A,并列关系：First(ly),Second(ly),...；First,then/next,...；Inthefirstplace，inthesecondplace...;foronething,foranotherthing,...；then/next,finally/last等。B,递进关系：too,also,besides,further,furthermore,moreover,what’smore,inaddition,aswell,tomakemattersworse,not...but...,notonly...butalso等。C,解释例证关系：forexample,forinstance,infact/asamatteroffact,actually,inotherwords/thatistosay等D,因果关系：so/therefore,thus,consequently(结果）,asaresult(of),so/such...that...,sothat...等E,转折对比关系：but,however,yet,while/though,or/otherwise,onthecontrary,instead,nevertheless（然而）,still,,incontrast/comparison等F,概况归纳关系：inshort,inbrief,insummary,generallyspeaking,ingeneral,toconclude,inconclusion,inaword,onthewhole,tosumup等。_________Somechooseitbecauseoftheirreligiousbeliefs.Otherssayitprovidesmoretimeforthefamilytobetogether.Theysayhomeoffersabetterplaceforlearning.Someparents...A.Soanumberofparentsbeganhome-schooling.B.Home-schoolingisnotacceptedbyallthepeople.C.Parentschoosehome-schoolingforseveralreasons.D.Mostoften,theirparentsaretheirteachers.篇章结构类题解题技巧根据试题所在位置确定不同的解题策略1)如果问题在段首或段落标题通常是段落主题句。认真阅读后文内容，根据段落一致性原则，查找同义词或其他相关的词，推断出主题句。关注每段首尾句，了解大意知主题。

2)如果问题在段尾通常是结论、概括性语句。注意在选项中查找表示结果、结论、总结等的信号词，如therefore,asaresult,thus,hence,inshort,tosumup,toconclude,inaword等词语，选项中也可发现前文的同义词句。

3）如果空格是在段中通常是承上启下的句子。要特别关注前后句子的内在联系和逻辑关系,根据“上下求索，瞻前顾后”的原则。主旨概括句（文章整体内容）1.标题型——短小精悍（多为名词性短语、祈使句）2.首句型1）首段首句文章主题，首尾呼应总结上下文---本段主题2)中间段首句依靠上下文承接做题3）末端首句文章主题，首尾呼应73_____Whenapersonisaskingaquestion,showinterestandadesiretounderstandthequestionbylisteningandaskingforclarification.A.Showyourtrueinterest.B.Restatethequestionwithrespect.C.Someideascanbequiteconcrete.【备考战略】1.注重实效。阅读时不仅要注意文章的细节，更应该注意文章的布局。2.注意命题陷阱。切忌当同样的词，同样的名字或同样的日期都在语文或节选段落中出现，就认为它们是正确的选项，一定要符合逻辑，确保文章内容严谨。3.注重速度。进行限时训练，培养实战观念，不可拖沓。【经验分享】经验一：前瞻后顾，寻找“信号词”，回到选择项中筛选。复现经验二：浓缩句意，意义匹配，整体把握。同意经验三：以段落为单位梳理文章脉络,留意文章的起承转合,逻辑及结构经验四：“7选5”句子选择题正确选择项排列有一条不成文规律：选择项呈“锯齿”顺序排列，按照人们习惯，看了A就接着看B，接着看C，依此到G，而我们一般做题的正确答案都是“参差不齐，错落有致”的,看了D之后不看E却看A，看E，看了E之后不看F而看C。这可能是出题者为了干扰我们常规思维而设置的障碍，因此如果考试时间允许，可以拿这个来初步检验我们最后的答案是否“正确”。1.

根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Dreamingbigdoesn’tmeanwesuddenlywanttobeamillionaireorbecomefamous.That’sbecause“bigger”isarelativeterm.Ifwecurrentlyhavenodreams,dreamingbiggermightjustmeanasmallgoalthatwewanttoreach.Buteventhatisnotalwayseasy.Sohowdoyoustartdreamingbigger?CultivateConfidence.

Toachievebigthings,youhavetobelievethatyoucan.Therefore,thefirstthingweneedtodreambigistogetaconfidenceboost.Trytorememberatimewhenyousucceededindoingsomethingyousetyourmindto.

____16____FaceFearofFailure.Thefearofdoingsomethingbigcanbeintense.Whatifwefail?Whatthen?Ifthissoundslikeyou,itmaybehelpfultodevelopthebeliefthatgrowthandlearningaremoreimportantthansuccessorotherpeople’sopinions.

____17____

Thatwaywecanbetterenjoythepursuit,evenifitultimatelydoesresultinfailure.FaceFearofSuccess.Successcanmeandifferentthingstodifferentpeople.Forexample,successmightmeanfeelingliketheoddoneoutinyourfamilyorfriendgroup.

____18____

Or,itcouldleadtojealousyfromothers.Buttakingacloseroutlookatthesefearsandthinkingabouthowyoumightdealwiththemcanhelpyoumovethroughthem.UseYourImagination.

____19____

Maybeyouimagineyourselfowningyourownbusiness,havingabigfamily,ortravelingallovertheworld.Thendoeslivingthislifefeelgoodorauthentic?Usethisexercisetobetterunderstandwhichbigdreamsareagoodfitforyou.EnjoytheProcess.Sometimesweendupspendingsomuchtimefocusingonbigdreamsthatweforgettoenjoytheprocess.Indeed,bigdreamscanhelpusimaginealifeorafuturewe’veneverknown.

____20____

Ifwedon’tenjoytheprocess,it’sgoingtobetoughtogetthere.A.

Butbigdreamstaketime.B.

Wearetakingcontrolofourlives.C.

Strivingtowardsdreamscandecreasewell-being.D.

Itmightmeanmoreresponsibilitythanyoureallywant.E.

Useyourexperiencesasinspirationandself-motivation.F.

Startbyvisualizingavarietyofdifferentpossibleexcitingoutcomes.G.

Itcanhelpyoushiftyourfocustothejourneyinsteadoftheendgoal1.

【答案】16.E

17.G

18.D

19.F

20.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。讲述了梦想更大可能只是意味着我们想要达到的一个小目标。但这不总是那么容易。本文给读者介绍了如何开始有更大的梦想的一些建议。【16题详解】空处位于段末应承接上文。根据第二段小标题“CultivateConfidence.(培养自信)”以及前文“Trytorememberatimewhenyousucceededindoingsomethingyousetyourmindto.(试着回忆一下你下定决心成功完成某件事的时刻)”可知，空处应承接上文说明为什么要回忆这些时刻。E选项“Useyourexperiencesasinspirationandself-motivation.(把你的经历作为灵感和自我激励)”符合题意。故选E项。【17题详解】根据上文“Whatifwefail?Whatthen?Ifthissoundslikeyou,itmaybehelpfultodevelopthebeliefthatgrowthandlearningaremoreimportantthansuccessorotherpeople’sopinions.(如果我们失败了怎么办?然后什么?如果这听起来像你，那么培养成长和学习比成功或他人意见更重要的信念可能会有所帮助)”推知，空处应陈述为什么要培养“成长和学习比成功或他人意见更重要”的信念，G选项“Itcanhelpyoushiftyourfocustothejourneyinsteadoftheendgoal.(它可以帮助你将注意力转移到过程而不是最终目标上)”符合题意，it指代上文的提到的那个信念，故选G项。【18题详解】根据上文“Successcanmeandifferentthingstodifferentpeople.Forexample,successmightmeanfeelingliketheoddoneoutinyourfamilyorfriendgroup.(成功对不同的人有不同的含义。例如，成功可能意味着感觉自己是家人或朋友群中的异类)”以及下文“Or,itcouldleadtojealousyfromothers.(或者，它可能会导致别人的嫉妒)”可知，空处内容应与上下文一致，陈述成功的对某些人的含义。D选项“Itmightmeanmoreresponsibilitythanyoureallywant.(这可能意味着比你想要的更多的责任)”符合语境，故选D项。【19题详解】根据小标题“UseYourImagination.(使用你的想象)”以及下文“Maybeyouimagineyourselfowningyourownbusiness,havingabigfamily,ortravelingallovertheworld.Thendoeslivingthislifefeelgoodorauthentic?

(也许你想象自己拥有自己的事业，拥有一个大家庭，或者周游世界。那么这种生活感觉好吗?真实吗?)”可知，空处应总起本段，陈述用各种不同的想象开始。F选项“Startbyvisualizingavarietyofdifferentpossibleexcitingoutcomes.(从想象各种不同的可能的令人兴奋的结果开始)”符合语境，且切合本段主旨。故选F项。【20题详解】根据上文“Sometimesweendupspendingsomuchtimefocusingonbigdreamsthatweforgettoenjoytheprocess.Indeed,bigdreamscanhelpusimaginealifeorafuturewe’veneverknown.(有时候，我们花了太多的时间专注于伟大的梦想，而忘记了享受这个过程。的确，伟大的梦想可以帮助我们想象一个我们从未知道的生活或未来)”以及下文“Ifwedon’tenjoytheprocess,it’sgoingtobetoughtogetthere.(如果我们不享受这个过程，就很难达到目标)”可知，推知，空处内容与上文形成转折，指出伟大的梦想虽然可以帮助我们，但也有不利因素，导致我们不能享受过程，进而难以达到目标。A选项“Butbigdreamstaketime.(但伟大的梦想需要时间)”符合语境，故选A项。2.

根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。We’veallheardthephrase,

“Worksmarter,

notharder.”

Whenitcomestostudying,

thereare

someveryspecificwaysyoucanimproveyoureffectivenesswithoutaddingloadsofextrawork.Createagameplan.

Beforeyoubeginyourstudysession,

createagameplanforexactlyhowyou

willstudy.

Considerwhatyouwillstudy,

howlongyou'llspendoneachsubjectandwhatstudy

methodsyouwilluse.

31

Takeatleast10minutesbeforeyourstudysessiontomapoutyour

gameplan.Outlineyournotes.

Takingthetimetoboilyournotesdowntoastandardoutlinecan

helpyou

grasptheoverallconceptsyou'restudying.Youcertainlycanborroworcopysomeoneelse'

snotes,

butyoumustworkhardtoputeverythinginyourown

words.

32

Manytimes,

understanding

thebigpictureisjustasimportantasrememberingall

theindividualfacts.

Outliningallowsyoutofile

individualfactsunderlargerideas.Maintainbalance.

Balancecanbedifficulttomaintaininschoolbutit'scrucialforsuccess.

33

Seektocarryoutabalancedlife.Make

sure

tomaintainasociallifeanddevelophobbies

outsideofschool.Stayintouchwithyourfamilyandkeeptheminformedofyourschoolprogress.

It'scertainlyachallenge,butlivinginbalancewillkeepyouonthepathtosuccess.

34

Ifyouwanttodowellinschool,

yousimplyhavetodoit.Buttherearespecificwaysto

studybetter.Tomakethemostofyourlimitedtime.

35

Byfollowingthemethodsabove,

you

canraisethequalityofyourstudyingsessionswithoutnecessarilyincreasingthequantity.A.

Tokeepfromspinningyourwheels.B.

There’snowaytogetaroundstudying.C.

Writeoutyournotesbyhandduringclass.D.

Ifyoudon't,

you'llfailtounderstandthelargerconcept.E.

Thisallowsyoutostudytherightmaterialsattherighttime.F.

Thelastthingyouwanttodoisburyyourselfinamountainofbooks.G.

Don'tspendallyourtimestudyingorallyourtimehangingwithfriends.2.

【答案】31-35EDGBA（31）提示：推理判断题。根据上文Considerwhatyouwillstudy，