现在完成时态

现在完成时态用法：过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响或结果：强调结果例：YesterdayIfinishedmyhomework,that’stosay,Ihavefinishedmyhomeworknow.现在完成时的构成 have\has+过去分词现在完成时的四个基本句型肯定句 Hehasfinishedthework. 一般疑问句Hashefinishedthework?否定句 Hehasnotfinishedthework. 两回答 Yes,hehas. No,hehasn’t.特殊疑问句 Whathashedone? 在下列情形下用现在完成时1.九个词语①already 已经肯定句中或句尾例:Ihavealreadyfoundmypen.=Ihavefoundmypenalready.②yet已经,仍然否定句和疑问句尾例：Ihavenotfinishedtheworkyet

.

Haveyouboughtacomputeryet?③ever曾经句中例：Haveyoueverseenpandas?④never从不句中例：IhaveneverbeentoBeijing.⑤just刚刚句中例：Ihavejustdonemywork.⑥before以前句尾例：Ihaveneverbeentherebefore.⑦sofar到目前为止例：Sofarhehaslearnt200words.⑧howlong多久例：Howlonghaveyoulivedhere?⑨howmanytimes多少次例：HowmanytimeshashebeentoBeijing?2.两词组have<has>goneto去了某地，还没回来例：HehasgonetoBeijing(去了北京)have<has>beento去过某地，已经回来例：HehasbeentoBeijing.(去过北京)3.两结构(for和since)fortwomonthsfor+一段时间Jimhaslivedherefor2months.sincelastyearsince+过去点时间LucyhasbeeninBeijingsince3yearsgo.since3yearsagosince1990sincehecameheresince+过去时态句子HehasbeeninChinasincehecamehere.4.如果句子里面没有时间状语，汉语意思能够加“已经”，往往用现在完成时态。例：Haveyoulostyourlibrarybook?你已经弄丢了从图书馆借的那本书吗？5.现在完成时态还常常用于下列句型Theyhaveplantedmanytreesinthelastfewyears.在过去的几年，他们已经种了很多树。ThisisthebestbookIhaveeverread.这是我曾经读过的最好的一本书。ItisthefirsttimeIhaveplayedthecomputergames.这是我第一次玩电脑游戏。6.在现在完成时中，瞬间性动词不能和一段时间状语连用例：Hehasboughtthebookfor3years.（错）因buy这个一次性动词不能和一段时间for3years连用改正的办法有五种：①Hehasboughtthebook.. (去掉一段时间for3years)②Heboughtthebook3yearsago (改为一般过去时，使句子的意思不变)③It’s3yearssinceheboughtthebook.=3yearshaspassedsinceheboughtthebook.（改为固定句型Itis---since---）④Hehasnotboughtthebookfor3years. （改为否定句）⑤Hehashadthebookfor3years. （用延续性动词have代替buy）7.还有其他瞬间性动词也是这种情况，可参照前面的五种办法改正，前四种改法都一样，第五种改法各不相同，举例如下：①come/arrive/getto/reach→behere例：Ihavecomeherefor3years.（错）

改为：Ihavebeenherefor3years.②leave/go→beaway例：Hehasleftfor3hours.（错）改为：Hehasbeenawayfor3hours.③begin/start→beon例：Thefilmhasbegunfor3minutes.（错）改为：Thefilmhasbeenonfor3minutes.

④open→beopen/close→beclosed例：Theshophasopenedfor3years.(错) 改为：Theshophasbeenopenfor3years.⑤die→bedead例：Hisfatherhasdiedfor3years.(错) 改为：Hisfatherhasbeendeadfor3years.⑥finish/end→beover例：Hehasfinishedtheworkfor3days.(错) 改为：Theworkhasbeenoverfor3days

⑦join 例：Ihavejoinedthearmyfor3years.（错）改为：Ihavebeeninthearmyfor3years.或Ihavebeenasoldierfor3years.⑧buy/catch→ have例：Ihaveboughtthebikefor3years.（错）改为：Ihavehadthebikefor3years.例：Hehascaughtacoldfor3days.（错）改为：Hehashadacoldfor3days.⑨borrow→keep例：Ihaveborrowedthebookfor3years.（错）改为：Ihavekeptthebookfor3years.还有其它的改法归纳如下：break→bebroken \getup→beup \marry→bemarried\become→be\lose→belost\练习题用have/hasbeento/in,havegoneto填空1.---WhereisJack?---He________________hiscountry.2.John_______________Englandsincehecameback.3.HowlonghavetheGreens_________________thisvillage?4.TheSmiths__________________Beijingforyears.5.---___________youever____________America?

--Yes,I______________theremanytimes.6.I___________thisschoolsincethreeyearsago.用since和for填空1)______twoyears

2)_______twoyearsago3)_______lastmonth4)______1999

5)_______yesterday

6)_______4o’clock7)______4hours

8)_______anhourago

9)_______wewerechildren10)_____lunchtime

11)______shelefthere12.HehaslivedinNanjing________theyearbeforelast.13.I’veknownhim__________wewerechildren.14.OurteacherhasstudiedJapanese_________threeyears.15.Shehasbeenawayfromthecity___________abouttenyears.16.It’sabouttenyears__________sheleftthecity.17.I'vebeenlikethiseversince_________

.

A.lastweek

B.foraweek

C.aweekbefore

D.thelastweek18.Mymotherhasworkedinthisfactory_____2years.A.about

B.for

C.in

D.since19.Ihaven'theardfromhim______lastweek.A.since

B.for

C.ago

D.before20.Hisfatherjoinedtheparty_________.A.forthreeyearsB.sincethreeyearsagoC.threeyearsagoD.intwoyears'time单项选择1.TheOrientalPearlTVTower_____tensofthousandsofvisitorssince1995.

A.attractedB.attractsC.hasattractedD.willattract

2.---Howlong_____you_____here?---Forabouttwoyearssofar.

A.have;studiedB.did;liveC.do;stayD.were;swimming3.---Whatareyougoingtodothisweekend?---I_____yet.A.haven’tdecidedB.won’tdecideC.didn’tdecideD.havedecided4.Mymother_____thewindowsalready,sotheroomlooksmuchbrighter.

A.hascleanedB.hadcleanedC.iscleaningD.willclean5.---Oh,Mrs.King,yourdresslooksnice.Isitnew?---No,I_____itfortwoyears.

A.hadB.boughtC.havehad

D.havebought

6.Thefilm_____forhalfanhour.A.hasbegun

B.beginsC.hasbeenon

D.began7.—I_____FujianMuseum8.___________hasHanmeibeeninthelibrary？A.HowlongB.HowsoonC.HowfarD.Howoften9.MrGreenisn'tintheoffice,He__________tothelibraryA.has

goneB.wentC.has

been

D.will

go10.Mrsmith_______toTokyoandhewillbebackinaweekA.has

beenB.has

visitedC.has

sent

D.has

gone11.---WhereisMr.Liu?

---He_______thelibrary.

A.hasbeentoB.hasgonetoC.hasbeeninD.hasbeen12.IlikeHainan.I________therethreetimes.

A.went

B.goC.havebeenD.havegone13.WecametoNanjingthreeyearsago,sowe________hereforthreeyears.

A.havebeentoB.havebeeninC.havebeenD.havegone

14.Hetellsmehe________Chinaforoverfiveyears.

A.hasbeen

B.hasbeenin

C.hasbeento

D.hasgoneto

15.________hasMrWhitebeenamemberofGreenerChinasincehe_______toChina?

A.Howsoon,comesB.Howoften,gotC.Howlong,cameD.Howfar,arrived16.---Haveyoufinishedyourhomework?---Yes,I_______itlastnightA.finishB.finishedC.have

finishedD.will

finish17.---________youever_______toNanjing?---Yes,I______therelastyear.A.Have…gone,havegoneB.Have…been,wentC.Did…go,wentD.Did…go,havebeen18.---When_______you________LucyinNewYork?---I_________herefortwoyearsA.did…meet,haven't

seen

B.did…meet,haven'tseenC.did…meet,don't

see

D.would…meet,hadn'tseen19.He______finishedhishomeworkyet.A.doesn’tB.haven’t

C.hasn’tD.doesn’thave20.---Haveyou________traveledonthetrain?

---Yes,Ihave.A.never

B.everC.just

D.yet21.---Haveyoufinished

your

homework?---Not__________.

.A.everB.alreadyC.yet

D.just22.---Haveyou_____learnedEnglish?---Yes,I've____learnedalot.A.never,everB.ever,neverC.ever,alreadyD.already.ever23.---Haveyoufinishedyourhomework

_____?---Yes,I've_____donethat.

A.yet,alreadyB.already,

yetC.ever,neverD.still,just24.John'sfather_______borrowedsomepictures.A.have

alreadyB.has

just

C.have

everD.has

yet用所给动词的适当形式填空1.Thanksalot.It’ssunnyagain.It_______________(rain)foralongtime.2.

_____________Mr.Li_______________(live)heresince8yearsold?3.

SinceMr.Licamehere,he_______________(teach)inthisschool.4.

It’sthethirdtimethatI_______________(see)himthismonth.5.

---Isyourmotherathome?---No,she_______________(go)towork.6.

Hermother________(become)adoctorin1970.She_______(work)inthehospitalsince26yearsold.7.

He_______________(teach)Englishheresincewe_______________(see)him5yearsago.8.Howmanytimes_______________you_______________(be)toBeijing?Onlyonce.I_______________(go)theretwoyearsago.9.I’velostmycat._______________youever_______________(see)itanywhere?10.Myparentsarenotathome.They_______________(leave)forShanghai.11.Waithere,please.Thetrain_______________(notarrive)yet.12.---Whereismydictionary?---LiPing_______________(take)itaway.13.I_______________(lose)mypen,andI_______________(look)foritnow.14.I_______________(notsee)suchastrangethingbefore.15.HejoinedthePartyin1990.He_______________(be)apartymemberfor10years.16.---Howlong______________UncleWang______________(work)inthisfactory?---Since1995.17.Sofarthechildren_______________(learn)1,000Englishwords.18.---__________you__________(mend)yourbike?---Yes.Imendeditamomentago.19.I’lltellhimthenewsthatourclass_______________(win)already.20.She_______________(stay)hereforover5years.21.Theboxisempty.Who_______________(eat)allthecakes?22.Hehasfoundhisbike.When_______________he_______________(find)it?23.Hersister_______________(go)toShanghai.She_______________(leave)thismorning.24.MyfriendWangHaioften_______________(swim)intheriver.25.Theteacher_______________(reach)Beijingtwodaysago.每处划线中有错误，在题后改正1.Jimhasboughtthebookforjust3days.2.UncleWanghasdiedfor3years.3.IhavegonetoBeijingthreetimes.4.Jimisn’there.HehasbeentoBeijing.Hewenttherethismorning.5.Shehaslivedtheresince8years.6.Hashebeenateacherfor1990?7.Ilivedheresince3monthsago.8.

---Haveyoufinishedtheworkyet?---Yes,Idid.9.

Jim’sbrothershasmademanykindsofkites.10.

Hehastakedthebooksaway.

按要求把短暂性转换为延续性动词①arriveat/insw.getto/reachsw.come/go/movetosw.→beinsw./atschool/athome/onthefarm/behere/bethereHegottoBeijingfiveminutesago.He_______________________Beijingfor_________________.

ImovedtotheUSAlastyear.I__________________________theUSAsince___________________.Iwenthomeyesterday.I________________________homefor___________________.Theycameherelastweek.They__________________heresince___________________.②come/goback,return→beback

come/goout→beoutHecameouttwoyearsago.He____________________________for____________________.WereturntoFuzhouyesterday.We_________________________toFuzhousince__________.③become→beIbecameateacherin2000.I________

__________ateacherfor__________________.Theriverbecamedirtylastyear.Theriver__________________dirtyfor___________________.④close→beclosed

open→beopenTheshopclosedtwohoursago.Theshop__________________________for__________________.Thedooropenedatsixinthemorning.Thedoor________________________forsixhours.⑤getup→beup

die→bedead

leavesw.→beawayfromsw.

fallasleep/gettotsleep→beasleep

finish/end→beover

marry→bemarriedIgotuptwohoursago.I________________________since________________.HeleftFuzhoujustnow.He________________________________Fuzhouforfiveminutes.Mygrandpadiedin2002.Mygrandpa______________________for_______________.Themeetingfinishedatsix.Themeeting____________________forsixhours.Igottosleeptwohoursago.I__________________________since___________________.Theymarriedin1990.They___________________________since_________.⑥start/begintodosth.→dosth.

begin→beonIbegantoteachatthisschoolin1995.I________atthisschoolsince____.Thefilmbegantwominutesago.Thefilm____________for________.

⑦borrow→keep

lose→nothave

buy→have

puton→wear

catch/getacold→haveacold

gettoknow→knowTheyborroweditlastweek.They__________________itsince____________________.Iboughtapentwohoursago.I__________________apenfor__________________.Igottoknowhimlastyear.I___________________himsince____________________.Iputonmyglassesthreeyearsago.I____________________myglassesfor__________________.⑧have/hasgoneto→havebeeninHehasgonetoBeijing.He_____________Beijingfortwodays.⑨jointheleague/theParty/thearmy→bealeague/aPartymember/asoldier→beamemberoftheleague/theParty→beintheleague/theParty/thearmyHejoinedtheleaguein2002.He_________________a__________________fortwoyears.He__________________a_____________________the__________fortwoyears.He__________________________________theleaguefortwoyears.Mybrotherjoinedthearmytwoyearsago.Mybrother____________________a___________for______________________.Mybrother______________________in_______________________fortwoyears.C）选择填空

(

)2.Herfather______in1990andherhusband______formorethanfiveyears(A)died,dead(B)hasdied,dead(C)died,hasbeendead(D)hasdied,hasdied(

)3.Ihave_____thisnicewatchfortwoyears(A)had

(B)bought

(C)borrowed

(D)lend(

)4.He_____hishomefortenyears(A)has

left

(B)left

from

(C)has

been

away

from

(D)was

away

from(

)5.He_____aleaguememberforthreeyears(A)is

(B)has

been

(C)has

become

(D)have

become(

)6.Lihua'sbrotherhas_______fortwoyears(A)joinedthearmy

(B)beenan

army

(C)becomeasoldier

(D)beeninthearmy(

)7.He

hasn't_____Quanzhoueversinceheleftschool(A)left

(B)been

away

(C)been

(D)away

1．I_______

aletterfromhimsinceheleft．（天津市）

A．didn'treceiveB．haven'tgotC．didn'thaveD．haven'theard2．—Wherehaveyou_______thesedays？—IhavetoDazhuwithmyfriends．（重庆市）

A．been；goneB．been；beenC．gone；beenD．gone；gone3．Howlonghave