高考英语高中语法总复习之语态课件

语态主动语态V/V-s/V-ed被动语态be+V-ed被动态的用法不知道或不必说出动作的执行者Howisthiswordpronounced.避免提及动作执行者或说话者表礼貌You’vebeentoldmanytimesnottomakethesamemistake.动作的执行者不是人而是无生命的事物Thebridgewaswashedawaybytheflood.强调动作的承受者Ifyoubreaktheschoolrules,youwillbepunished.修辞上为了使句子更加简练、匀称Heappearedonthestageandwaswarmlyapplaudedbytheaudience.文献、报道中为了体现客观性Thewest-eastgaspipelineprojectwaskickedoffonJuly4.有些动词习惯上常用被动语态Hewasborninthiscity.Arescueworkersaved

twotrappedtourists.Twotrappedtouristswassavedby

arescueworker.观察例句

语态时态主动被动一般现在时V/V-sam/is/are+V-ed一般过去时V-edwas/were+V-ed一般将来时will+Vwillbe+V-ed过去将来时would+Vwouldbe+V-ed现在进行时am/is/are+V-ingam/is/are+being+V-ed过去进行时was/were+V-ingwas/were+being+V-ed将来进行时willbeV-ingwillbebeingV-ed现在完成时have/has+V-edhave/hasbeen+V-ed过去完成时had+V-edhadbeen+V-ed现在完成进行时havebeen+V-inghavebeenbeing+V-ed常见形式其它被动形式谓语动词里，除系动词和不及物动词外都有被动态bebe+done(并非所有的“bedone”结构中的be都能被get/seem/appear等词代替)

Tomishiredbythecompany.Thedieiscast.Thedieiscast.getget+done(多用在口语中，强调动作的结果)

Theboygothurtwhenhewasridingtoschool.样态动词seem/appear+done

Sheseemedannoyedbyhiswords.1.Linda,makesurethetables________beforetheguestsarrive. A.beset B.set C.areset D.aresetting2.Thechurchtowerwhich________willbeopentotouristssoon.Theworkisalmostfinished. A.hasrestored B.hasbeenrestored C.isrestoring D.isbeingrestored3. —Guesswhat,we’vegotourvisasforashort-termvisittotheUKthissummer. —Hownice!You______adifferentculturethen. A.willbeexperiencing B.haveexperienced C.havebeenexperiencing D.willhaveexperienced4. —Youareagreatswimmer. —Thanks.It’sbecauseI______alotthesedays.A.havebeenpracticing B.waspracticing C.wouldpractice D.hadpracticed5.Mum,IwaswonderingifyoucouldlendmeafewdollarsuntilI______onFriday.A.getpaid B.gotpaid C.havepaid D.hadbeenpaid练习1使用动词的恰当形式填空主语+谓语+宾语Theywilldiscusstheplanatthemeeting.—Theplanwillbediscussedatthemeeting.主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语Wegavethestudentsomebooks.—Thestudentwasgivensomebooks.或—Somebooksweregiventothestudent.主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补足语Allthevillagerspainted

thehouseswhite.—Thehouseswerepaintedwhitebyallthevillagers.

（使役动词和感官动词在主动结构中跟不带to的动词不定式作宾语补足语，在变为被动结构时，不定式应加上to）含有情态动词的主动句变被动句Youmustoperatethismachinewithcare.—Themachinemustbeoperatedwithcare含有“begoingtodo”和“betodo”等结构的主动句变被动句Wearegoingtodiscusstheproblematthemeeting.—Theproblemisgoingtobediscussedatthemeeting含有宾语从句的主动句变被动句TheysaidthathehadgoneabroadtostudyEnglish.—ItwassaidthathehadgoneabroadtostudyEnglish.祈使句的被动语态肯定的祈使句的被动语态结构是：Let+宾语+be+过去分词

Movethedesksintothecorridor.—Letthedesksbemovedintothecorridor.否定的祈使句的被动语态结构是：Don’t+let+宾语+be+过去分词或Let+宾语+not+be+过去分词

Don’ttrusther.—Don’tletherbetrusted.或—Lethernotbetrusted.动词短语构成的被动语态TheyhaveputoffthemeetingtillnextSaturday.—ThemeetinghasbeenputofftillnextSaturday.主动语态变被动系动词+adj.Theicefeelshot.及物动词当作不及物动词使用+副词动词常为act/sell/add/bend/close/read/open/teach/translate/wash/wear；

副词常有hardly/easily/nicely/badly/well/smoothly/quickly

Thisbooksellswell.主语+adj.+todo中，当主语与do构成逻辑动宾关系Thepictureispleasanttolookat.beworth/inneedof/want/need/require+doing;bemissing/remaining;betoblame/betoletThisbookisworthreading.(=Thisbookisworthyofbeingread.=Thisbookisworthytobedone.)主动语态表被动Mynewcar_____(handle)reallyeasily.Thewindowwon’t_____(shut).Wouldyoupleaselendmeahand?Mybikeneeds_____(repair).Heisagreathero,anddeserves_____(learn)from.Noproblemhereisdifficult_____(work)out,ifyouthinkcarefullyenough.Jamesistheone_____(blame)fortheaccident.Ulyssesisareallyamazingbook,andit’sworth_____(read).练习2使用动词的恰当形式填空无被动的动词系动词不及物动词特殊的及物动词表示状态的及物动词，如have,own,lack,want(缺乏),become(适合),fit,resemble,fail,last,flee,benefit,hold等Sheresembleshermother.have表示“吃饭”、“患病”、“明白”、“知道”等意思时；get/take表示“懂得”；owe表示“欠”；cost表示“使失去(生命、健康)”的意思时Wouldyouhaveacupoftea.Howdoyoutakethispassage.巩固练习1. The People’s Republic of China ___ on October1,1949.  A. found  B. was founded  C. is founded  D. was found 2. English ____ in Canada.  A. speaks  B. are spoken  C. is speaking  D. is spoken 3.This English song___ by the girls after class.  A. often sings  B. often sang  C. is often sang  D. is often sung 4. This kind of car ___ in Japan.  A. makes  B. made  C. is making  D. is made 5. New computers ___ all over the world.  A. is used  B. are using  C. are used  D. have used  6. Why ___ to talk about it yesterday?  A. didn’t a meeting hold  B. wasn’t a meeting held   C. wasn’t held a meeting  D. a meeting wasn’t held 7. Who was the book___?  A. write  B. wrote  C. written