2021年广州市普通高中毕业班英语综合测试卷(二)解析版

绝密★启用前

2021年广州市普通高中毕业班综合测试（二）

英语

本试卷共8页，满分120分。考试用时120分钟。

注意事项：

1.答卷前考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号、试室号和座位号填写在答题卡上。用2B铅笔将试卷类型（B）

填涂在答题卡相应位置上，并在答题卡相应位置上填涂考生号。因笔试不考听力，试卷从第二部分开始，

试题序号从“21"开始。

2.作答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡对应题目选项的答案信息点涂黑。如需改动，

用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案。答案不能答在试卷上。

3.非选择题必须用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内的相应位置

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4.考生必须保持答题卡的整洁。考试结束后，将试卷和答题卡一并交回。

第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）

第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。

A

CHAMBORDCASTLE,LOIR-ET-CHER,FRANCB

AremarkableexampleofclassicalFrencharchitecture,ChambordCastleisthelargestcastlein

theLoireValleyofFrance.Builtin1519asahuntinglodgetheroyalcourt,thebuildingwas

rarelylivedin.Thereareonehundredrooms（of440）opentothepublicanddozensofstaircases,

includingonesaidtohavebeendesignedbyLeonardodaVinci.Thesurrounding

21-square-milenatureparkentertainswithhikingandbikingroutesandboatrentals.

LEEDSGASTLE,KENT,UNITEDKINGDOM

Situatedontwoislandsinthemiddleofalake,LeedsCastleprovidesagrandandromantic

experience.Ithasservedasaroyalresidenceformostofits900-yearhistory.The500-acre

Englishcastlenowhostsyear-roundculturalevents,withthreerestaurants,a

bed-and-breakfastandayewtreemaze.

MOSZNACASTLE,POLAND

MosznaCastlewasoriginallydesignedinBaroquestyleinthe17thcentury,butthelater

additionofaneo-gothicbroughtHogwartsappealtothecastle,especiallyatnightwhenits99

towersandglowingwindowstwinkleintheoutdoorreflectingpool.Nowadays,artexhibitsand

indoorconcertsattractvisitorstothe365-roomcastle.

BRANCASTLE,BRASOVROMANIA

BranCastleoriginallydatesbacktotheyear1212andismistakenlybelievedbethehomein

BramStokerszDracula.TheauthornevervisitedhisfortresscommonlyknownasDracula's

Castle,butitstillattractsliteraturefanstoitsweakly-lithallwaysfornightoursandanannual

Halloweenparty.

21.WhatcanvisitorstoChambordCastledo?

A.Huntinthenaturepark.

B.Goboatingwithfriends

C.Liveinanyofitsrooms.

D.AdmiredaVinci'spaintings.

22.Visitorsinterestedinbeautifulnight-timeviewscangoto___.

A.CHAMBORDCASTLEB.LEEDSCASTLE

C.MOSZNACASTLEDBRANCASTLE

23.Whichcastlehasthelongesthistory?

A.CHAMBORDCASTLE.B.LEEDSCASTLE.

C.MOSZNACASTLED.BRANCASTLE.

语篇类型：应用文主题语境：人与社会

A篇［语篇导读］文章介绍了四个著名城堡的建造历史、规模及各自特点。

21.B直接信息题。根据题干ChambordCastledo定位到CHAMBORDCASTLE,LOIR-ET-CHER,

FRANCB部分中的Thesurrounding21-square-milenatureparkentertainswithhikingandbiking

routesandboatrentals该城堡周围的自然公园有租船服务，自然可以与朋友•起从事划船服务，

故选B项。

22.C..宜接信息题。根据题干interestedinbeautifulnight-timeviews定位至ijMOSZNACASTLE,

POLAND部分中的atnightwhenits99towersandglowingwindowstwinkleintheoutdoor

reflectingpool可知，游览该城堡，游客晚上，可以欣赏99座塔楼和发光的窗户在室外倒影池中闪烁的

美景，答案选C项。

23.B。间接信息题。根据各部分中涉及的时间历史Builtin1519,ofits900-yearhistory,inthe17hcentury

和datesbacktotheyearl212可知,答案选B项。

◎读后知识积累：remarkable/nhiaksbl/adj.卓越的；非凡的;lodge/lDd3/n,侧屋;乡间小屋;royal/VOBI/adj.皇家的;

rental/Ventl/n.租金收入;租赁;residence/Vezrians/n.住宅，住处;maze/mez/n.迷宫；annual/'aenjual/adj.年度的;

每年的。

B

TouriststotheNorthAntrimCoastcomeforitsbreathtakingbeauty.Onthisstretchofcoast

mythandhistorylivesidebysideandrunningoutofthingstodoisnearimpossible:Giants

Causeway,Carrick-a-rede,theIron-isles*filminglocations...

However,whenImakemywaytothenorthofthecountryinOctober,noneofthemareon

mymind.WhatbringsmetothecoastaltownofPortrusharethewaves.

Locatedonapeninsula,Portrushishometothreebrilliantbeachesandalltheusualpointsof

interestofacoastaltown.ButwhatmakestheNorthAntrimCoastsospecialisthepromiseof

theconsistentwaveshittingitsshores.Althoughstillrelativelyunknown,it'sasurfer'sdream

destination.Thisisthehomeofsix-timeIrishnationalsurfingchampion,AndrewHill,afterall.

ImeetAndrewathissurfshop,themostpopularinPortrush.Afterhiringasurfboard

andjumpinginthewateratWestStrand,Iquicklyrealisethatmytrustedwetsuitisnotenough.

Withinjust30minutes,rvelostallfeelinginmyfeetandhands,andmyearsareburning.I

retreattoanearbycafeandgulpdownsteamingteabeforepoppingbyAndrew'sshop

again.SurfbootsarewhatIneed,wedecide.Ileavewithanewdeterminationtomastertheicy

Atlanticwaves.FminvitedtosurfadifferentspotwithAndrewandhisfriendthatafternoon,but

Ideclinehisgenerousoffer.Myheadissetononethingonly:takingrevengeonthesame

wavesthatalmostturnedmeintoaniceblockthatverymorning.

Evenwithboots,surfingthecoldwatersofPortrushleavesmyfeetpurple.Ibecomecovered

inbruisesthatdon*tregisteruntilIthawout（解冻）eachnight,andittakesacoupleofdaysto

fullyregainfeelinginmyhands.Butit'sworthit,andIwouldgladlydoitalloveragain.

24.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"them"inparagraph2referto?

A.Thepopularattractions.B.Coastaltowns.

C.Thefilminglocations.D.Passionatetourists.

25.WhyistheauthorattractedtotheNorthAntrimCoast?

A.Ithasinternationallyfamousbeaches.

BIt'shometotheusualseasideinterests.

C.Itproducesexcellentwavesforsurfing.

D.It'sthehometownofasurfingchampion.

26.Theauthorgoesbacktothesurfshopto.

A.betterequiphimselfforthechallenge

B.consultwithsomeexperiencedsurfers

C.accompanytheowneronalatersurftrip

D.quicklywarmhimselfupwithsomehottea

27.Whatisthetoneofthepassage?

A.NarrativeandseriousB.Persuasive-andcritical

C.DescriptiveandpositiveD.Informativeandobjective

语篇类型：记叙文主题语境：人与自我

B篇［语篇导读］本文描述了作者来到北安特里姆海岸的波特拉什，享受刺激又难忘的冲浪生活。

24.A”代词指代题，根据文章第一段中GiantsCauseway,Carrick-a-rede,theIron-isles*filming

locations及第二段转折词However可知，虽然theNorthAntrimCoast有巨人堤道，卡里克-恩-雷德，

铁岛的拍摄地点，然而，当我在10月份来到这个国家的北部时，它们（上述美景）却不在我的脑海中,

故选A项。

25.C。宜接信息题。根据题干Why和attractedtotheNorthAntrimCoast定位到第三段中whatmakes

theNorthAntrimCoastsospecialisthepromiseoftheconsistentwaveshittingitsshores及it'sa

surfer'sdreamdestination可知，海浪会持续不断地冲击海岸，theNorthAntrimCoast是冲浪者的梦

想之地，故选C项。

26.Ao间接信息题。根据题干goesbacktothesurfshop定位到第四段…jumpinginthewateratWest

Strand,Iquicklyrealisethatmytrustedwetsuitisnotenough.Withinjust30minutes,Fvelostall

feelinginmyfeetandhands,andmyearsareburning.Iretreattoanearbycafeandgulpdown

steamingteabeforepoppingbyAndrew'sshopagain.SurfbootsarewhatIneed得知，我跳进水

里后，意识到我的潜水服不够，不到30分钟，我的手脚都失去了知觉，耳朵在燃烧，后再去安德鲁的店，

决定需要冲浪靴，答案选A项。

27.C1写作手法题。根据第四段Fvelostallfeelinginmyfeetandhands,andmyearsareburning

和最后一段Butit'sworthit,andIwouldgladlydoitalloveragain等内容可知，这篇文章的基调是着

重描述性的和积极正面肯定的。故选C项。A.叙述和严肃；B.有说服力的和批判性的；D.提供信息性和客

观性的。

◎读后知识积累：breathtaking/breOtekiQ/adj.惊人的；惊险的；brilliant/bdiant/adj.灿烂的；杰出

K；consistent/ksn!sBtant/adj.始终如一的；destination/destihejn/n.目的地;wetsuit/Wetsu:t/n.潜

水服；防寒泳衣；retreat/ritrit/n.&vi.撤退；gulpdown狼吞虎咽地吃；pop/pDp/v.突然出现;take

revengeon对实施报复；purple/^3：pl/adj.紫色的。

C

WhentheChinesespacecraft（航天器）Changfe-5returnedtoEarthonDecember17,2020,it

broughtbacksomethingnotseenonourplanetsincethe1970s:moonrocksamples.This

preciouscargo,collectedbyChang'e-5'sroboticresearchvehicleinthenorthwestregionofthe

lunarnearside,isnowbeingstudiedbyscientistsinBeijing.ThesuccessofthelatestChinese

spacemissionalsoshowcasedtechnologythatmaybeusedinfutureyearstocreatehuman

settlementsonEarth'snearneighbour.

Thereturnedlunarsampleswill"absolutelyaddnewknowledgeofthehistoryofthemoon,

particularlyitsvolcanoes,°saysXiaoLong,aplanetaryscientistatChinaUniversityof

Geosciences.TherockssentbackbyChang'e-5"willaskustorethinkaboutwhyandhowthe

moon'svolcanichistorylastedthislong”,hesays.

TheChang'e-5missionwasmorethanjustatriptocollectmoonrocks.ltwasalsothelatest

stageofalong,plannedsequenceofroboticlunarexplorationsbyChinathathavegrownever

morescientificallyadvanced.

Theprogrambeganwiththe2007launchofChang'e-1andChang'e-2threeyearslater.

ThesecraftcircledthemooncollectingdatausedtohelpguideChange-BandChang'e-4,the

firstChinesespacecrafttolandonthemoonsurface,andtodirecttheirroboticvehicles.The

robotonChang'e-5wasabletocollectrockandsoilsamplesandreturnthemtoEarth.Inthe

nearfuture,anidenticalspacecraftcalledChang*e-6willattemptasample-returnmissionfrom

themoonssouthpole—anareaofintensescientificinterest—giventhelargeamountofwater

icepresent.

ThemoreadvancedChang'e-7andChang'e-8spacecraftarealsoplannedtolandnearthe

southpoletocarryoutanalysisoftheregionandtestnewtechnologies,includingdetectingand

obtainingmaterialsthatcouldbeusefultofuturehumanexplorers,suchaswaterandhydrogen,

andtesting3-Dprintingonthelunarsurface.

Thelong-termaimoftheChang'eprogramistoestablishanInternationalLunarResearch

Stationaround2030tosupportroboticand,eventually,crewedmissions.

28.Whatisparagraph2mainlyabout?

A.Themoon'srecentvolcanicactivities

B.Thesignificanceofthemoonrocksamples.

C.Newknowledgeofthehistoryofthemoon.

D.Furtherstudiesofthereturnedlunarsamples.

29.WhatdistinguishesthemissionofChang'e-6fromthatofChang'e-5?

A.Thetechnologytheyuse

B.Thetimetheyspendonthemoon

C.Thespecificlocationstheyexplore.

D.Theamountofmaterialtheybringback.

30.Chang'e-7andChang'e-8spacemissionsaremainlyintendedto__.

A.transportresearcherstothemoonstation

B.buildupanInternationalLunarResearchStation

C.collectdatanecessarytoguidemoon-landingspacecraft

Dfindandtestresourcesandmeanstosupportlivingonthemoon

31.WhichofthefollowingbestsummarizestheChang'espaceprogram?

A.Aprojecttostudythesurfaceofthemoon.

B.Aplantoimprovehumansettlementsonthemoon.

C.Asetofexperimentstotestthepossibilityofmannedspacecraft.

D.Aseriesofincreasinglychallengingscientificlunarexplorations.

语篇类型：说明文主题语境：人与自然

C篇［语篇导读］文章主要讲述了嫦娥计划始于2007年，嫦娥一号到五号不断地探索挑战月球新发现，计划未来发射嫦娥六、七、

八号进一步探索挑战和研究月球，并2030年左右建立国际月球研究站，实现最终载人任务.

28.B。主旨大意题。根据第二段Thereturnedlunarsampleswill"absolutelyaddnewknowledgeofthehistoryofthe

moon,particularlyitsvolcanoes」及willaskustorethinkaboutwhyandhowthemoon'svolcanichistorylastedthis

long可知，返回的月球样本增加了人类对月球历史特别是其火山的新知识，促使重新思考月球的火山为何持续了这么长时间，

答案选B项.本段主要强调带回月球样本的意义.C项的月球历史的新知识只是本段部分内容，D项的对返回月球样本的进一

步研究，应该转述为：开始对返回月球样本的进一步研究。

29.C.间接信息题。通过第三段collectmoonrocks及第四段Inthenearfuture,anidenticalspacecraftcalledChang'e-6

willattemptasample-returnmissionfromthemoonssouthpole可知，不同之处是嫦娥五号的任务收集月球岩石，而嫦

娥六号的任务是航天器将尝试从月球南极进行采样返回任务。故选C项（在特定地点探索）0

30.D.动作倾向题。通过倒数第二段detectingandobtainingmaterialsthatcouldbeusefultofuturehumanexplorers,

suchaswaterandhydrogen,andtesting3-Dprintingonthelunarsurface（探测和获取可能对未来人类探险有用的材料，

如水和氢以及在月球表面测试3D打印）。故选D项（寻找并测试支持在月球上生活的资源和手段）,

31.D.主旨大意题.文章主要讲述了嫦娥计划始于2007年，嫦娥一号到五号不断地探索挑战月球新发现，计划未来发射嫦娥

六、七、八号进一步探索挑战和研究月球，并2030年左右建立国际月球研究站，实现最终载人任务.故选D项（一系列不断

挑战月球的科学探索）。

◎读后知I只积累:sample八a:mpl/n.样品，样本;distinguish...from...与……不同;mission/hnTn/n.使命，任务；specific/sp

a"★/adj.特殊的,特定的；明确的；详细的;spacecraft/lspe6kra:ft/n.宇宙飞船，航天器；roboticvehicle机器人；

sequence/*si:kwans/n.序列;顺序.

◎长难句分析：ThemoreadvancedChang*e-7andChang'e-8spacecraftarealsoplannedtoland

nearthesouthpoletocarryoutanalysisoftheregionandtestnewtechnologies,including

detectingandobtainingmaterialsthatcouldbeusefultofuturehumanexplorers；suchaswater

andhydrogen,andtesting3-Dprintingonthelunarsurface.

结构剖析：句子主干是ThemoreadvancedChang'e-7andChang'e-8spacecraftarealsoplannedto

landnearthesouthpoletocarryoutanalysisoftheregionandtestnewtechnologies,介词

including后接动名词短语detectingandobtaining...作宾语，that引导定语从句修饰materials。

句子译文：更高级嫦娥七、八号飞船也计划在南极附近的土地进行分析和测试新技术，包括检测和获取材

料，可能有助于未来人类探险诸如水和氢和在月球表面测试3D印刷。

D

Whatmakespeoplesospecial?Tooluse,self-consciousness,language,andculturearehigh

onthelist,butinfactallofthesecharacteristicscanbefoundelsewhereintheanimalkingdom.

Humansandapesarecloserelatives,soitisperhapsnotsurprisingthatchimpanzeesusetools

orthatgorillas（大猩猩）haveasenseoffairplay,evenrejectingcarrots（whichtheynormally

accept）whentheyseetheirneighborsgettinggrapes.Butthequalitiesthatweoftenthinkofas

uniquelyhumanexistnotjustonland,butintheoceanaswell.

Amongtheinvertebrates,octopuses（爪鱼）areknownfortheirintelligence,evenexhibiting

evidenceofplayfulness,tooluse,andpersonality.Buttheseskilledpredatorslivealoneand

consequentlylackculture.Dolphins,ontheotherhand,arelargebrained,long-living,

social-group-basedpredators,anditisherethatwefindthegreatestsimilaritytohuman-like

cultureandawareness.

Culturedependsontheabilityofanimalstopassonthingstheyhavelearnedto

others.Manyanimalshavecultureinthissense,butwhatsetsdolphinsapartiswhattheypass

on.Somebottlenosedolphinsholdspongesintheirmouthsthattheyuseastoolstosweepfor

fishhidingontheoceanfloor.Thisabilityishandeddownthroughgenerations（especiallyin

females）,withsomefamilies—grandmother,mother,anddaughter—allfeedinginthishighly

specializedway.

Anothercharacteristicthatdolphinssharewithhumansistheirabilitytorecognize

themselvesinamirror.Whenfacingamirror,mostanimalsbehaveasthoughtheyare

interactingwithanotherindividual.Eveninhumans,theabilitytorecognizethattheimageina

mirrorisoneselfdoesnotoccurbeforetheageof18months.Dolphinsnotonlyrecognize

themselves,butifablackmarkisputonthebodyofadolphin,itwillspendextratimeatthe

mirrortolookatthemark.

32.Theexampleofgorillasrejectingcarrotsshowsthey____.

A.arenoteasytofoolB.preferfruitstovegetables

C.haveaspecialtasteforfoodDhaveanawarenessofequality

33.Whatdooctopuseslackcomparedwithdolphins?

A.Socialinteraction.B.Intelligence

C.Toolusingability.D.Fun-lovingspirits.

34.Whatmakesdolphinculturespecial?

A.Theytendtohuntingroups.

B.Theirhuntingskillsarepasseddown.

C.Theirlearningenvironmentisfavourable.

D.Theirfamiliesaretypicallyfemale-controlled.

35.Whatcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraph?

A.Dolphinsenjoylookingattheirownreflectioninthemirror.

B.Dolphinsareasintelligentasatypical18-month-oldhumanbaby.

C.Dolphinsaregenerallyregardedasthemostadvancednon-humanspecies.

D.Dolphins*abilitytorecognizetheirownreflectionisahigher-ordermentalskill.

语篇类型：说明文主题语境：人与自然

D篇［语篇导读］人类与其他动物有本质区别，而有些陆地动物具备人类的某些特征，但海洋的一些动物也

有人类某些能力。

32.D。写作意图题。根据第一段gorillashaveasenseoffairplay,evenrejectingcarrots...whenthey

seetheirneighborsgettinggrapes可知，大猩猩通常接受他们胡萝卜，但当他们看到他们的邻居得到

葡萄，他们甚至会拒绝胡萝卜，说明大猩猩有公平意识，答案选D项。

33.A。间接信息题。根据第二段Buttheseskilledpredatorslivealoneandconsequentlylackculture.

Dolphins,ontheotherhand,arelargebrained,long-living,social-group-basedpredators可知，

这些熟练的捕食者八爪鱼独自生活，另一方面，海豚是以社会群体为基础的食肉动物，故答案选A项。

34.B.间接信息题。根据第三E殳首句Culturedependsontheabilityofanimalstopassonthingsthey

havelearnedtoothers（文化依赖于动物将他们学到的东西传递给他人的能力），再根据Thisabilityishanded

downthroughgenerations（海豚具备这种与众不同的代代相传能力）可知，答案选B项.

35.Do隐含意义推测题。根据最后一段首句Anothercharacteristicthatdolphinssharewithhumans

istheirabilitytorecognizethemselvesinamirror（海豚和人类的另个共同特征是它们能在镜子中

认出自己），再根据Dolphinsnotonlyrecognizethemselves,butifablackmarkisputonthebody

ofadolphin,itwillspendextratimeatthemirrortolookatthemark（海豚不仅能认出自己，而且

如果在海豚身上放一个黑色的标记，它会花额外的时间在镜子前看这个标记）可知，海豚能够识别自己影

子是一种有别于其他动物更高阶的心理技能。故选D项。

◎读后知识积累：characteristic/kaeraktakst火/adj.典型的；特有的;n.特征；特性;ape/ep/n.猿;chimpanzee/itfmpaen

'zi:/n.黑猩猩；relative/Yelatw/n.亲戚；uniquely/ju'ni：kli/adv.独特地；invertebrate/in*V3:tibrat/adj.无脊椎的；

playfulness/^leflnss/n,玩笑；嬉闹；predator/^redsta/n,捕食者;consequently/konskwantli/adv.因此。

◎长难句分析：Dolphinsnotonlyrecognizethemselves,butifablackmarkisputonthebodyofa

dolphinjtwillspendextratimeatthemirrortolookatthemark.

结构剖析：notonly...but（but）并列两个分句，第二分句if引导的条件状语从句。

句子译文：海豚不仅能认出自己，而且如果海豚身上有一个黑色的标记，它会花额外的时间在镜子前看这个标记。

第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）

阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

Criticalthinkingismakinganefforttoimprovethewayyouthink.36weusethisprocess

tosolveproblems,makeargumentsandevaluateclaims.It'simportantinjustabouteveryarea

oflife.

Mostofourthinkingisnotcriticalthinking.Wedon*tneedtomakemanyjudgmentsto

traveltoworkorcookdinner.37Criticalthinkingcansaveusfromblindlymakingpoor

choices.Sohowcanyouimproveyourcriticalthinkingskills?Youneedtopractise.Thereare

manywaysofdoingthat.Hereareafew:

•38Lookatarticlesorbookswrittenbypeopleonallsidesoftheissue.Foreachsource,

evaluatetheargument:Whatclaimisitmaking?Whatreasonsdoesitgive?Arethereasons

logical?

•Whenyouseeorhearaclaim,askquestionsaboutit.Whoismakingtheclaimandwhy?

Whatistheclaimantsbackgroundandhowdoesthismotivatetheiropinion?

•Evaluateyourownthinking.Wheredoyoutendtonotthinkcritically?Whydon'tyou?

Howcanyouimprove?

•Questionthingsyouassume.Whatclaimsdoyouacceptwithoutknowingthereasonsfor

them?39Trytofindoutwhatothersbelieveaboutthatclaimandwhy.

Asyougrowincriticalthinking,youllbecomeawiserandmorethoughtfulperson40

A.Sticktoyourclaim.

B.Readaboutatopicpeopledisagreeon.

C.Whenyouthinkofone,dosomeresearch.

D.It'sanalyzingfactsseparatelysoyoucanmakedecisions.

E.Anditmayhelpyoutosucceedatworkorschoolaswell.

F.Wellonlyuseitifwemakeaconsciousefforttoaskquestionsaboutwhatwesee.

G.Butwhenaproblemcomesourway,weneedtothinkcriticallytodecidehowtosolveit.

语篇类型：说明文主题语境：人与社会

［语篇导读］批判性思维可以帮助改善你的思维方式,避免盲目做出错误的选择，本文提供怎样提高批判性思

维能力几项方法。

考直细节句。根据空格后（我们用

36.Doweusethisprocesstosolveproblems,makeargumentsandevaluateclaims

这个过程来解决问题，进行论证和评估索赔）解释内容可知，答案选D项（批判性思维是分开分析事实，这样你就可以做出决

定）。solveproblems和makeargumentsandevaluateclaims分另11匹配选项makedecisions和analyzingfacts.

37.G.考查细节句。空格与段首句Mostofourthinkingisnotcriticalthinking（我们大多数的思维都不是批判性思维）是

转折关系，再根据空后Criticalthinkingcansaveusfromblindlymakingpoorchoices可知，答案选G项。。saveusfrom

blindlymakingpoorchoices回应选项howtosolveit.

38.B。考查主题句。根据空后Lookatarticlesorbookswrittenbypeopleonallsidesoftheissue（阅读人们不同意的话

题），可知选B项（看看有关这个问题的各方人士所写的文章或书籍）

39.C„考查细节句。空后Trytofindoutwhatothersbelieveaboutthatclaimandwhy（试着找出其他人对这个主张的看

法和原因）是补充选项dosomeresearch内容，故选C项（当你想到一个，做一些调查）.选项one指代空前后claims和

thatclaim。

40.E.考有细节句.为了顺承空前句youllbecomeawiserandmorethoughtfulperson（你就会成为一个更明智、更有思

想的人），答案选E项（这也会帮助你在工作或学业上取得成功）.

公读后知识积累：critical/kritkl/adj.批评的，爱挑剔的；claim/klem/m声称；主张；要求；analyze/'aenslae/vt.对...进行

分析；evaluate/ilaeljueit/vt.评价;估价；issue/Uu:/n.问题。

第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）

第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）

阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空格处的最佳选项.

Afamoustheoristoncesaid,"Idon'tdividetheworldintotheweakandthestrong,orthe

successesandthefailures...Idividetheworldintothelearnersandthenon-learners.

Whatonearthwouldmakesomeoneanon-learner?Everyoneisbornwithanintense41to

learn.Babiesrisetothelearningchallengedaily.Notjustfor42tasks,butthemost

difficultonesofalifetime,likelearningtowalkandtalk.Theyneverdecideitstoohardornot

worththe43.Babiesdon'tworryaboutmakingmistakes44themselves.Theywalk,

theyfall,they45.

Whatputsanendtothisfearlesslearning?Afixedmindset.Assoonaschildrenbecomeableto

evaluatethemselves,someofthembecome46ofchallenges.Theyworryaboutnot

being47.Myresearchteamhavestudiedthousandsofpeoplefrompreschoolerson,and

it'sbreathtakinghowmany48anopportunitytolearn.

Weofferedfour-year-oldsa49:theycouldredoaneasyJigsaw（拼图）ortryaharderone.

Evenatthisyoungage,childrenwithafixedmindsetstuckwiththe50one.Theybelieve

smartkidsdon'tmake51

Childrenwithagrowthmindset,however,thoughtitwasa52choice.Whywouldanyone

wanttokeepdoingthesamepuzzle53?Theychoseincreasinglydifficultonesinstead.

Believingthatsuccessisaboutlearning,childrenwithagrowthmindsetseizedthechance.But

thosewithafixedmindsetdidn'twanttoexposetheir54.Thisishowafixedmindset

makespeopleinto55.

41.A.fearB.driveCcompetitionD.concentration

42.AcrucialBmentalCordinaryD.particular

43.A.attentionB.effortC.interestD.time

44.A.confusingBbehavingCpunishingD.hurting

45.A.getupBgiveupCshowupD.shutup

46.A.afraidB.ashamedC.confidentD.ignorant

47.A.adorableB.curiousC.modestD.smart

48.A.seizeB.ruinC.rejectD.require

49.A.lessonB.choiceC.giftD.game

50.A.challengingB.interestingC.newD.simple

51.A.decisionsB.jigsawsC.mistakesD.predictions

52.A.strangeBpromisingC.profitableD.difficult

53.A.repeatedlyBunwillinglyCautomaticallyDproperly

54.A.secretsBthoughtsCpreferencesD.weaknesses

55.A.theoristsBperfectionistsC.non-learnersD.risk-takers

语篇类型：议论文主题语境：人与社会

［语篇导读］本文论述了什么是学习者和非学习者。

语境结构衔接的考查。根据后暗示得知，每个人生来都有强烈的学习动力

41.BoBabiesrisetothelearningchallengedaily

（drive）,婴儿每天都在接受学习挑战，学习走路，交谈等。故选B项.

42.C.逻辑衔接的考查。根据Notjust...but可知前后转折关系，对应后面difficult,答案选D项。句意：不只是适用于普通

的任务，而是适用于一生中最难的任务，比如学走路和说话。crucial至关重要；mental心理的；ordinary普通的；particular

特殊的.

43.B.语境结构衔接的考查.根据后暗示Babiesdon*tworryaboutmakingmistakes得知，婴儿不担心犯错,他们从不认为

这太难或不值得付出努力而去学走路和说话等。答案选B项。

44.D.语境结构衔接的考直.根据前提示Babiesdonlworryaboutmakingmistakes后暗示Theywalk.theyfall可知,婴

儿不担心犯错，受伤，他们学习走路，摔跤，站起来。故答案选D项。

45.A.语境结构衔接的考查.根据常识判断。婴儿学走路，需用经历走路、摔跤、站起来的过程.答案选A项。

46.A。语义衔接的考直。根据前提示Whatputsanendtothisfearlesslearning?（是什么终结了这种无所畏惧的学习？）可

知，空格需填fearless反义词，答案选A项.afraid害怕;ashamed基愧；confident自信；ignorant无知的。句意：一旦

孩子们能够评估自己，他们中的一些人就会变得害怕挑战。

47.D.语义衔接的考查。根据第四段Theybelievesmartkidsdon'tmake可知，答案选D项.原词复现。句意：他们担心自

己不够聪明。adorable可爱的；curious好奇的；modest谦虚的;smart聪明的。

48.C.逻辑衔接的考直。根据前面讲到孩子们一旦能够评估自己，他们中的一些人就会变得害怕挑战.可知答案选C项。句意：

团队研究了成千上万从学龄前儿童开始的人，令人吃惊的是，很多人拒绝了学习的机会。seize抓住；ruin毁灭；reject拒绝；

require要求。

49.Bo语义衔接的考查。概括性复现。theycouldredoaneasyJigsawortryaharderone

可知，答案选B项。后一段choice也是提示句意：我们提供四岁孩子们一个选择：他们可以重做一个简

单的拼图或者一个更困难的。

50.D.语境结构衔接的考查.根据后喑示Whywouldanyonewanttokeepdoingthesamepuzzle可知，答案选D项，

51.Co语义衔接的考查。根据第二段Babiesdon'tworryaboutmakingmistakes可知，答案选C项。

52.C.逻辑衔接的考直。根据Whywouldanyonewanttokeepdoingthesamepuzzle可知，然而，有成长心态的孩子们

认为总是继续做同样的谜题是一个奇怪的选择。答案选C项.strange奇怪的；promising有前途的；profitable有利可图的

difficult困难的.

53.A。语境结构衔接的考查。根据语境可知答案选A项。repeatedly反复：unwillingly不情愿：

automatically自动地；properly正确地。

54.D。语境结构衔接的考查。根据前提示Believingthatsuccessisaboutlearning,childrenwithagrowthmindsetseized

thechance可知,答案选D项。secrets秘密；thoughts想法;preferences偏好；weaknesses弱点.

55.G语境结构衔接的考查。根据语境常识判断，答案选C项。句意：有成熟心态的孩子们相信学习导致成功，所以他们抓住

了这个机会。但那些心态固定的人不想暴露自己的弱点.这就是为什么固定的心态会让人变成非学习者。theorists理论家；

perfectionists完美主义者；non-learners非学习者；risktakers冒险者。

只:theorist/©erst/n.理论家；intense/ntens/adj.强烈的;mindset/hiandset/n.心态；倾向;breathtaking/

breOtekij/adj.惊人的；agrowthmindset一个成熟的心态.

第二节（共10小题:每小题15分，满分15分）

阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

Theglassharpisoneofthemostextraordinaryinstrumentsintheworld.Itdoesn'teven

appeartobe56instrumentatfirstglance,anditisn'tactuallyaharpatall.Instead,itxsjusta

setofglassesonatable.Theglassesareofdifferentsizesandsomearefilledwithwater.