2019外研社版高中英语选修三 Unit 4 A glimpse of the future 知识清单(教师版)

阅读单词认读artificialadj.人造的,人工的artificialintelligence人工智能susceptibleadj.易受影响的automationn.自动化leapn.剧变horizonn.地平线reckonv.认为,以为celln.细胞cratern.(物体坠落、炸弹爆炸等在地上造成的)坑agileadj.敏捷的,灵活的slopev.倾斜,成斜坡hopn.跳跃squeakv.发出吱吱声tendonn.腱wavelengthn.波长muttn.杂种狗frownv.皱眉positronicadj.正电子的重点单词识记victimn.受害者clientn.客户,客人,顾客citev.引用,引述boundadj.可能的mechanicaladj.机械的desperateadj.拼命的,绝望的cluen.线索,提示核心词汇拓展humanityn.人类→humann.人adj.人的;有人情味的assistantn.助手,助理→assistv.帮助→assistancen.帮助potentiallyadv.潜在地→potentialadj.潜在的;可能的n.潜力capacityn.能力,才能;容量→capableadj.有能力的;能干的analysev.分析→analysisn.分析,解析illegaladj.非法的,违法的→legaladj.合法的immoraladj.不道德的,道德败坏的→moraladj.道德的assessv.评价,评定→assessmentn.评价;评估cyclen.自行车→cyclistn.骑自行车的人demandn.需要,需求→demandingadj.要求高的;苛求的1tightlyadv.紧紧地→tightadj.紧的→tightenv.拧紧;加强faultyadj.有故障的,有缺陷的→faultn.缺陷;过错consistentadj.一贯的,一致的→consistv.由……组成,在于,符合核心短语速记bankon依靠;指望onthehorizon将要发生beboundto很有可能,肯定会happento发生在……身上sofar迄今为止incontrast相反hangout闲逛besusceptibleto易受……的影响wipeout摧毁;毁灭liein在于agreeon就……达成一致gothrough履行(某程序);经历(苦难等);完成;通过;检查;用完bereplacedwith被……取代changeone’smind改变主意inthelongrun从长远来看aroundthecorner在拐角处;即将发生majorityn.大多数managementn.管理;安排mastervt.精通,掌握materialn.材料,原料matureadj.成熟的maximumadj.&n.最大量(的);最大限度(的)meanwhileadv.同时median.新闻媒介;新闻媒体memorialn.纪念馆memorizevt.记住;熟记mentaladj.精神的;脑力的mentallyadv.精神上;智力上EveryrecommendationshegivesmeisgreatsinceshecanpredictifIwilllikeaparticularrestaurant.(since引导原因状语从句)她给我的每一个建议都很棒,因为她能预测我是否会喜欢某家餐馆。Ifnot,itmightwipeusallout！(if省略句)否则,它可能会把我们都消灭！TheoutersideofthecraterslopedsouthwardandtheEarth,whichwaslowinthesouthernsky,wasnearlyfull,sothattheentirecrater-slopewasbrightlylit.(sothat引导结果状语从句)环形山的外侧向南倾斜,南部天空下方的地球几乎全部显现出来,所以整个环形山山坡明亮了起来。Jimmy,expertthoughhewas,couldn’toutraceRobutt,whodidn’tneedaspacesuit,andhadfourlegsandtendonsofsteel.(though引导让步状语从句)吉米虽然是个能手,却无法超越罗布特,因为它有四条腿和钢铁做的肌腱,还不用穿太空服。Robuttisjustadjustedtoactasthoughitlovesyou.(asthough引导方式状语从句)罗布特只是设定好,假装很爱你。请先从表格中选用本单元所学词汇完成下列短文,然后核对答案并背诵该短文。bankon,demand,artificial,desperate,boundWiththedevelopmentofscienceandtechnology,1.artificialintelligencehasbeenwidelyusedinvariousfields,andhasbecomeanexcellentassistanttohumanbeings.Intelligentrobotscanbeseeneverywhereinourlife.Peopleincreasingly2.bankonartificialintelligence,sosomepeoplereckonthattheworldofartificialintelligenceisonthehorizon.However,artificialintelligencealsohaspotentialdangersandfaults.Ifnotregulated,itis3.boundtodosomeillegalorimmoralthings,makinghumanbeingsbecomevictims.Whenpeopleare4.desperateforthefreedom,convenienceandrapiditybroughtbyartificialintelligence,theyalso5.demandthatitsnegativeeffectsshouldbeeliminated.提示：题干中加底纹词汇为本单元词汇capacityn.能力,才能;容量(capableadj.有能力的;能干的)havethecapacitytodosth/ofsth有(做)……的能力becapableof...能够……Whatifwe’reactuallygettingclosertoaworldwhereAIiscapableofthinkingandfeeling?我们有能力高效地完成工作,以使客户满意。Wehavethecapacitytofinishtheworkefficientlytomaketheclientssatisfied.(capacity)Wearecapableoffinishingtheworkefficientlytomaketheclientssatisfied.(capable)demandn.要求,需要vi.&vt.强烈要求;需要(demandingadj.要求高的;苛求的;费力的)bein(great)demand(迫切)需求meet/satisfyone’sdemand(s)for...满足某人对……的需求demandtodosth要求做某事demandthat...(should)dosth要求……做某事Withtheimprovementofpeople’shealthawareness,thiskindofcycleisingreatdemandinChina.Likerunning,racewalkingisphysicallydemanding(demand),shesays.(2020全国Ⅰ)因为这是一项要求比较高的任务,所以经理要求他的助手们加班来满足客户的需求。Becauseitwasademandingtask,themanagerdemandedthathisassistants(should)workextrahourstomeettheclients’demands.desperateadj.拼命的,绝望的;孤注一掷的;非常需要的(desperatelyadv.绝望地;拼命地;极严重地;非常需要desperationn.绝望)bedesperateforsth渴望某物bedesperatetodosth渴望做某事MyheartfrozeinmychestasIsawthetractorheadingtowardsthemotorway.Irandesperately(desperate)butfailedtocatchup.(2020浙江)我渴望有机会成为一名志愿者。我的确希望您给我这个宝贵的机会。Iamdesperate/anxious/eager/dyingtohave/fortheopportunitytobeavolunteer.Idohopeyoucanoffermethepreciousopportunity.Desperate/Anxious/Eager/Dyingtohave/fortheopportunitytobeavolunteer,Idohopeyoucanoffermethepreciousopportunity.(形容词短语作状语)她唯一迫切想做的事就是扑在她的床上痛哭一场。(读后续写之情感描写)Theonlythingshewasdesperatetodowastothrowherselfontoherbedandweepwildly.用法点拨“渴望某物/做某事”的短语还有：beeager/anxious/dyingforsth/todosth,longforsth/todosth,desireforsth/todosth。hangout出去玩,闲逛hangup悬挂;突然挂断……的电话hangon抓紧,稍等;(在逆境中)坚持,不放弃hangonto抓紧;保留用hang短语的正确形式填空：Hangontothatropetightly,oryouwillbeattheriskofdroppingdown.Someonecalledmeuplastnight,buthehungupbeforeIcouldanswerit.Iknowyouaretiredoutafteralongwalk,buttrytohangonabitlonger.Ihavebeenbusymakingpreparationsforthefinalexam,leavingmelittletimetohangoutwithmyfriends.gothrough履行(某程序);经历(苦难等);完成;通过;检查;用完goover复习;(仔细)检查goout出去;熄灭goagainst违背;违反goup上涨;上升goahead前进;干吧;说吧用go短语的正确形式填空：Afterdinner,shewentoverhernotescarefullyforthenextday’stest.Lilywentagainstherparents’wisheswhenshemarriedherclient.I’mfortheopinionthatthepricesofvegetableswillgoupinafewweeks.Theelderlymanwhowentthroughmanysufferingsinthepasthasfalleninlovewithgardening.sothat引导结果状语从句TheoutersideofthecraterslopedsouthwardandtheEarth,whichwaslowinthesouthernsky,wasnearlyfull,sothattheentirecrater-slopewasbrightlylit.环形山的外侧向南倾斜,南部天空下方的地球几乎全部显现出来,所以整个环形山山坡明亮了起来。sothat引导结果状语从句时,译为“因此,结果”,主从句之间有时用逗号隔开。sothat引导目的状语从句时,从句中通常有may,might,can,could等情态动词,主从句不能用逗号隔开。常译为“为的是……;以便……”。我想告知你一些详细的信息,以便你能为此做好充分的准备。I’dliketoinformyouofsomedetailedinformationsothatyoucanmakefullpreparationsforit.她比从前学习更努力,因此她轻松地通过了考试。Shestudiedharderthanbefore,sothatshepassedtheexamwithease.though引导让步状语从句Jimmy,expertthoughhewas,couldn’toutraceRobutt,whodidn’tneedaspacesuit,andhadfourlegsandtendonsofsteel.吉米虽然是个能手,却无法超越罗布特,因为它有四条腿和钢铁做的肌腱,还不用穿太空服。though引导的让步状语从句可倒装可不倒装。as引导让步状语从句时,从句必须倒装。although引导让步状语从句不能倒装,它们可以与yet,still连用,不能与but连用。Childas/thoughhewas,hehadthecapacitytotellwhatwastherightthingtodo.Althoughshewastiredandexhausted,shemanagedtomakeaflagwithheryellowblouse.→Tiredandexhaustedas/thoughshewas,shemanagedtomakeaflagwithheryellowblouse.(用倒装句改写)(2022浙江1月)Atotalof40womenmetthecriteriaforahighfitnesslevelwithacapacityof120wattsorhigher,while92womenwereinthemediumfitnesscategory.共有40名女性的心血管能力达到了120瓦或以上的高健康水平标准,而92名女性处于中等健康水平。(2021新高考全国Ⅰ)Theabilitytoaccuratelyunderstandhowothersarefeelingmaybeusedbyadoctortofindhowbesttohelpherpatients,whileacheatermightuseittocontrolpotentialvictims.准确理解他人感受的这种能力可能会被医生用来更好地去帮助她的病人,然而骗子却可能用这种能力去控制那些潜在的受害者。(2021新高考全国Ⅱ)Whatwillremainofuswhenartificialintelligencetakesoverwillbeourcreativity...当人工智能接手时,我们剩下的将是我们的创造力……(2020新高考全国Ⅰ)Remember,evenworldchampionathletespracticetheirskillsonaconsistentbasis.记住,即使是世界冠军运动员也会不断地练习他们的技能。(2020浙江7月)ResearchersfromtheUniversityofLeipziginGermanygatheredmorethan1,000retiredworkerswhowereoverage75andassessedthevolunteers’memoryandthinkingskillsthroughabatteryoftests.来自德国莱比锡大学的研究人员召集了1000多名75岁以上的退休工人,并通过一系列测试评估了这些志愿者的记忆和思维能力。提示：题干中加底纹词汇为上一单元词汇一词多义练/熟词生义练——清除阅读障碍leapA.跳跃；跳B.猛冲；突然做(某事)C.剧增Theyleaptintoactionimmediately.BAsharkemergedwhenadolphinleaptoutofthewater.AThisyearsawaleapinprofits.CgothroughA.经历B.通过C.检查D.用完Hewentthroughallkindsofhardshipsintheoldsociety.AOurplanabouthowtospendoursummerholidaysdidn’tgothrough.BItdidn’ttakeAlbertverylongtogothroughhismoney.DShewentthroughthecompany’saccounts,lookingfortheevidenceoffraud(欺诈).C快速阅读下列句子并猜测句中加黑词汇的意思。Theseasonsofayearmakeacycle.周期;循环Shewantstotraveltobroadenherhorizons.眼界核心知识强化练——巩固语言知识Iholdthebeliefthatthecommanderisboundtoachieve(achieve)hisdreamsoonerorlater.Theyweresostrong-mindedthattheymanagedtogothroughthetimeoflackinggrain.Itissaidthatthereisagreatdemandforacademicguidanceinthisfield.Though/Although/WhiletheyliveintheUSA,theykeepuptheChinesecustoms.Afterall,itisimmoral(moral)forhim,atallboy,tolookdownonhispeerswhoareshorter.Thepeopleinthatcountrybankedonthejointeffortsofeveryonetofightagainsttheinvaders.Shepraisedmeforhavingthecapacity(capable)todistinguishbetweenrightandwrong.Businessisgoodnow,butthereareafewproblemsonthehorizon.Idon’tknowtheexactpriceofthepainting,butitisroughlyassessedat100millionyuan.Insummary,whatyousayshouldbeconsistent(consist)withwhatyoudo,otherwiseotherswillnotbelieveinyou.单句写作——应用文增分练(给遇到困难的朋友回信)我知道你非常想适应你的新学校,所以写信给你提供一些建议。(bedesperateto)Knowingthatyouaredesperatetoadapttoyournewschool,I’mwritingtoofferyousomeadvice.对你的同学所做的事表现出真正的兴趣,这样你就可以开始与他们互动了。(sothat)Showagenuineinterestinwhatyourclassmatesdo,sothatyoucanstartinteractingwiththem.如果必要,主动与同学交谈,因为沟通对建立良好关系至关重要。(if省略句)Ifnecessary,taketheinitiativetotalktoyourclassmates,becausecommunicationisessentialtotheestablishmentofgoodrelationships.虽然你现在很沮丧,但我相信,如果你面带微笑,回报将是令人惊喜的。(though引起的倒装句)Discouragedthoughyouarenow,Iholdthebeliefthatifyouwearasmile,therewardwillbeamazing.你应该相信你一定会渡过这段困难时期。(gothrough,beboundto)Youshouldbeconfidentthatyouareboundtogothroughthehardtimes.微型写作——续写提能练[教材续写语料]动作描写analysev.分析assessv.评价;评定bankon指望,依靠demandv.要求frownv.皱眉人物描写assistantn.助手→assistv.帮助victimn.受害者capacityn.能力→capableadj.有能力的agileadj.敏捷的,灵活的desperateadj.拼命的;绝望的;渴望的描写词汇potentiallyadv.潜在地tightlyadv.紧紧地boundadj.可能的;注定的consistentadj.一致的;一贯的[续写语料运用]请从以上语料中选择合适的词汇,完成以下语段。然后核对答案并背诵该语段。我帮助爸爸修剪草坪以赚取零用钱。他坚信我能胜任这项工作。每次我出去割草时,爸爸都要求我把工作做好。一天下午,爸爸叫住我,大声喊道：“嘿,儿子,你漏了一块。”我皱着眉头,希望他能原谅我。那时我非常想回家。然而,我指望不上他。工作完成后,在回家的路上,爸爸温柔地说：“尽你所能做到完美,你就一定能把生活中的每件事都做好。”然后,他紧紧地抱住了我。IassistedDadtomowyardstoearnpocketmoney.HewasconvincedthatIwascapableofdoingtheworkwell.EverytimeIheadedouttomow,DaddemandedI(should)finishthejobwell.Oneafternoon,Dadcalledmeandyelled,“Hey,son.Youmissedapiece.”Ifrowned,hopinghewouldforgiveme.Iwasdesperatetogohomeatthattime.However,hewasnottheoneformetobankon.Walkinghomeafterthework,Dadsaidgently,“Doasperfectlyasyoucanandyouareboundtodoeverythingwellinyourlife.”Thenhehuggedmetightly.词形变化填空(每小题2.5分,共15分)Hecanquicklyassessaperson’scharacterandhisassessmentisusuallyclosetothefact.(assess)Wheneverhisclientswereinneed,hewouldassistthemintime.Hisassistancemadetheclientsdelighted.(assist)What’sworse,somecyclistsdonotthinkitvitaltoobservethetrafficruleswhilecyclingontheroad.(cycle)Successconsistsintheabilitytomakeconsistenteffortsthroughfailures.(consist)Heisacapableleaderandalmosteveryonea