2024届高考英语一轮总复习必修第一册Unit4NaturalDisasters课件

一、阅读词汇——在词块中明义1．beaffectedbydrought

受旱灾的影响2．thecrackedwaterpipes 破裂的水管3．rememberwordsincontext

语境记单词4．anactivevolcano

一座活火山5．thecrashofmetalonmetal 金属对金属的碰撞6．makeasummary

做总结UNIT4NATURALDISASTERS二、表达词汇——在语境中活用(一)在括号内写出蓝体词汇在语境中的汉语意思1．ThedroughtandflooddisasterisseriousinChina.(n.____)2．Johnwasrescuedfromthefloods.(vt.____)3．Smokingcausesseriousdamagetoyourhealth.(n.____)4．Theaccidentdestroyedallmyhopes.(vt.____)5．Thepeoplepresentatthemeetingweredeeplyaffectedbythestory.(vt.________)灾害营救损害摧毁深深打动6．Thegovernmentbuiltsheltersforthehomeless.(n.____________)7．Theelectricitytherewascutoffduetotsunami.(n.________)8．Someoftheworkersweretrappedintheruins.(vt.__________)9．Theendofthepostwasburiedintheground.(vt.____)10．Thereportshowsthatwearemakingsomeprogressbutweneedtomakegreaterefforts.(n.____)11．Thelocalgovernmentdistributedthefoodsuppliestothevictimsaftertheearthquake.(n.______)避难处；居所电；电能使落入险境埋葬努力补给品12．Laughter,forme,isanemergencyexit.(n.__________________)13．Youshouldstaycalminthefaceofdanger.(adj.______________)14．Thisjobwouldbeimpossiblewithouttheaidofacomputer.(n.____)15．Shewavedherhandtosaygood­bye.(vt.____)16．Amassive8.0magnitudeearthquakestruckthatarea.(vt.____)17．Howcanaspeakermakehimselfmorepersuasivewhendeliveringaspeech？

(vt.____)突发事件；紧急情况镇静的；沉着的帮助挥手侵袭发表(二)写出蓝体词汇的语境之义及拓展形式1．Wewereallshockedattheshockingnewshebroughtus.

(adj.______adj.__________)拓展：______

n．震惊；令人震惊的事；休克2．Hebreatheddeeplybeforespeakingagain.(vi.____)拓展：______

n．呼吸3．She'ssufferingfromlossofmemory.(vi.____)拓展：________

n．折磨；苦难震惊的令人震惊的shock呼吸breath受苦suffering4．Themanwasveryill,buthesurvived.(vi.____)拓展：________

n．幸存→_________

n．幸存者5．I'lldoeverythinginmypowertopreparewellforthecomingfinalexam.(n.____)拓展：________

adj.强大的；有力的→________

adj.无力的；没有能力的6．Smokinghasabadeffectonyourhealth,soyou'dbettergiveitup.(n.____)拓展：________

adj.有效果的存活survivalsurvivor力量powerfulpowerless影响effective三、词块短语——在语境中辨义活用写出加蓝部分在语境中的汉语意思1．Thewholecitylayinruinsaftertheearthquake.__________________2．Theboystoodthereingreatshock.__________3．Itisquitepleasanttodrinkteawithseveralfriendsintheopenair.

____________4．Hehastoomuchworkonhand.____5．Allgoodthingsmustcometoanend,howeverbeautifulanexperienceis.____6．Astormiscoming!Tiethingsdownbeforetheyblowaway！

____严重受损；破败不堪震惊；吃惊露天；在户外现有结束吹走教材原句Chickensandevenpigsweretoonervoustoeat，anddogsrefusedtogoinsidebuildings.(too...to...太……而不能……)鸡甚至猪都焦躁不安，不愿进食；狗拒绝进入屋内。写作亮句①(2018·北京高考书面表达)Astheoldsayinggoes,“It'snevertoolatetolearn.”正如谚语所说，“活到老，学到老。”②Herlifewastoofulltofindtimeforhobbies.她的生活太忙，没有业余爱好的时间。文化典句Itistoolatetogrievewhenthechanceispast.坐失良机，后悔已迟。1.四、经典句式——在佳句背诵中品悟规则用法教材原句Itseemedasiftheworldwerecomingtoanend！(asif引导表语从句或方式状语从句)仿佛世界末日即将来临！写作亮句

①(2020·全国卷Ⅰ书面表达)Myrespectableheadteachertreatsmeasifsheweremymother.我尊敬的班主任像我的母亲一样对待我。②HespokeEnglishperfectlyasifhehadlivedinEnglandformanyyears.他英语讲得非常完美，好像在英国居住了很多年似的。2.教材原句Iwashavingbreakfastwithmythreechildrenwhenwaterstartedfillingmyhome.(bedoing...when...正在做……这时……)当时我和三个孩子正在吃早饭，海水开始灌入屋内。写作亮句(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷写作)Shewaswonderingaboutitwhenthefatherturnedupandtoldhiswifeabouthowthetwinshadmadepreparationstogiveherasurprise.她正在疑惑，这时这位爸爸出现了，告诉妻子这对双胞胎为了给她一个惊喜是如何做准备的。3.教材原句Twothirdsofthepeoplewholivedthereweredeadorinjured.(“分数/百分数＋of＋复数名词”作主语，谓语动词用复数)城里三分之二的居民在地震中死亡或受伤。写作亮句40%ofstudentsaregoodatlanguageinourclass.我们班40%的学生擅长语言。4.五、“续写”片段——在背诵中品悟如何写靓写美动作描写之动“嘴”Iwasstillrecallingthesplendidscenerywhenwewereinmygrandparents'livingroom.Davidexcitedlynarratedourexperience,eyesblazingwithenthusiasm.Worriescametohisforeheadwhenheexplainedthetroubles.Asmileliftedthecornerofhismouthwhenitcametocamping.SuddenlyMumshoutedoutinastrangevoice.Hauntedbyastrongsenseofhorror,Iheardmumscreaming,“Iforgotthetent！”当我们在祖父母的客厅时，我仍在回忆那壮丽的景色。大卫兴奋地讲述了我们的经历，眼睛里充满了热情。当他解释麻烦事时，担忧就浮现在他的额头。说到露营时，他嘴角露出了笑容。突然，妈妈用一种奇怪的声音大喊。在一种强烈的恐惧感的驱使下，我听到妈妈尖叫着：“我忘了带帐篷了！”[点评]

本段中使用了narrateourexperience,eyesblazingwithenthusiasm,explain,Asmileliftedthecornerofhismouth,shoutoutinastrangevoice,scream等各种各样的“嘴”之动作，

生动形象地勾勒出了一个旅游后意犹未尽又出其不意的画面。1．rescuen．&vt.营救；救援

[题点全练](单句语法填空)①Tomrescuedaboy_____theriveronhiswayhome.②Whenweweretrappedintheruins,thesoldierscameto____(we)rescue.[系统归纳]

go/cometosb.'srescue＝rescuesb.

救援某人rescue...from... 把……从……营救出来

fromour2．effort

n．努力；艰难的尝试；尽力[题点全练](单句语法填空/完成句子)①(2020·全国卷Ⅰ书面表达)MyEnglishteachersparesnoeffort______(help)mewithmyEnglish.②Thelocalclubsaremaking___efforttointerestmoreyoungvolunteers.③Anotherreasonwhyweshouldnevergiveupisthatwecanlearnfromourmistakes________________________.另一个我们永不放弃的原因是：只有尽一切努力，我们才能从错误中学习。tohelpanonlyifwemakeeveryeffort[系统归纳]

makeanefforttodosth.

努力做某事sparenoefforttodosth. 不遗余力地做某事makeeveryeffort 尽一切努力

3．suffer

vt.遭受；蒙受vi.(因疾病、痛苦、悲伤等)受苦[题点全练](单句语法填空/完成句子)①(2020·天津7月高考书面表达)Itistruethatwemaysuffer_____failurefromtimetotime.However,itisimportantthatweneverlosetheenthusiasmtokeepontrying.②Thereisnodenyingthat________________________________.不可否认，我们的地球正遭受着严重的破坏。[系统归纳]

sufferfrom

受……折磨；患……病sufferpain/defeat/hardship/damage 遭受痛苦/失败/艰难/破坏fromourearthissufferingseveredamage4．supplyn．供应(量)；补给；[pl.]补给品vt.供应；供给

[题点全练](单句语法填空)①Moreover,thecompetitionwillsupplyyou____achancetodevelopyourcreativityandbuildfriendshipwithotherstudents.②Thenaturalresources,suchascoalandoil,are___shortsupplyinthiscountry.③Sincewe'llbewalkingforalmosttwoweeks,I'llneedtobuylargesupplies__foodandwaterinadvance.[系统归纳]

(1)supplysb.withsth.＝supplysth.tosb. 向某人提供某物(2)beinshortsupply

短缺alargesupplyof/largesuppliesof 大量……的供应

withinof5．survive

vi.生存；存活vt.幸存；艰难度过

[题点全练](单句语法填空)①(2021·全国甲卷)TheXi'anCityWallisthemostcompletecitywallthat___________(survive)China'slonghistory.②Idon'tknowhowyouallmanagetosurvive___Jeremy'ssalary.③AsfarasIknow，theoldladysurvivedherhusband___5years.[系统归纳]survivesth.

幸免于；从……中挺/活过来surviveon 依靠……存活下来AsurviveB(by...) A比B活得长(……)

hassurvivedonby6．power

n．电力供应；能量；力量；控制力[题点全练](单句语法填空/完成句子)①Hehasbeen___powerfortwoyears，andmadegreatachievements.②Ithasbeenfiveyearssincehecame______power.③(2021年8省联考卷)Hetriestomaketheaudiencebelievethathehasthepower_____(do)thingswhichareagainstthelawsofnature.④Unfortunately,it's_______mypowertogetthroughtheworkinsuchashorttime.⑤(2019·全国卷Ⅰ书面表达)_____________________________________

uptoyourexpectations.我将竭尽全力不辜负你的期望。ininto/totodobeyondIwilldoall/everythinginmypowertolive[系统归纳]

beinpower

执政；掌权cometo/intopower 掌权；上台havethepowertodosth. 有能力做某事beyondone'spower 某人力所不能及的doall/everythinginone'spowertodosth.

尽力而为做某事；竭尽全力做某事

1．affect

vt.影响；(疾病)侵袭；深深打动

[题点全练](单句语法填空)①Manyyoungpeoplewereaffected___hisstory.Theybegantodovolunteerworkforthedisabled.②Affected_____highfever,hecontinuedwithhiswork.bywith系统归纳beaffectedby受……的影响；被……感动beaffectedwith感染……疾病难点释解(1)affect与effect仅一字母之差，词性却不同。名词effect的常用搭配为“haveaneffecton”。(2)“被深深地感动”的其他常用表达：bedeeplymoved；bedeeplytouched；在使用这些动词短语的非谓语形式作状语时，常常使用其过去分词形式。(3)haveanaffectionfor意为“喜欢……”，与动词affect本意相差甚远。[进阶学习][练重难点]介词填空③Ihavemuchaffection____mymum,whosewordsandactionshaveapositiveeffect___me.句型转换(把①句改为非谓语动词短语作状语)④__________________,manyyoungpeoplebegantodovolunteerworkforthedisabled.foronAffectedbyhisstory2．ruin

n．&vt.破坏；毁坏

[题点全练](单句语法填空)①Withtimegoingon,thecastlewhichoncewasverybeautifulisnowcompletely___ruins.②Shortlyaftersufferingfromamassiveearthquakeand_____________(reduce)toruins,thecitytookonanewlook.inbeingreduced系统归纳lie/beinruins成为废墟bereducedtoruins沦为废墟辨析比较(1)ruin多用于借喻中，指毁坏价值、用途等。它还可作名词，常用短语：inruins，意为“严重受损，破败不堪”；(2)damage表示不是完全毁坏，损坏部分能修复。damage作名词时，常用短语do/causedamageto，意为“对……造成损害”；(3)destroy指彻底毁坏以致很难修复，其名词是destruction[进阶学习][练重难点]选词填空(destroy,damage,ruin)③Manybuildingswerecompletely_________intheearthquake.④Ittakestwentyyearstobuildareputationandfiveminutesto____it.⑤Thesuncan_______yourskin.destroyedruindamage3．shock

n．震惊；令人震惊的事；休克vt.(使)震惊

[题点全练](单句语法填空)①Ilookedatmyhusband___shock,waitingforhimtotellmethatIhadmisunderstoodeverything.Butheonlyshookhishead.②Iwasshocked_______(hear)thattheoldcastlehadbeendestroyed.③Allofuswereshocked______thenewsthatmanydeathshadbeencausedbytheheavyrain.intohearat/by系统归纳(1)inshock震惊；吃惊(2)shockedadj.震惊的；惊讶的beshockedat/by对……吃惊beshockedtodosth.做某事很吃惊(3)shockingadj.令人震惊的难点释解(1)可数名词shock意为“一件让人震惊的事情”，常用词块agreatshocktosb.意为“让某人极为震惊的事情”。(2)shocked表示人的心理状态和心理感受；shocking说明事物的性质、特征、特点等。[进阶学习][练重难点]选词填空(shocked/shocking)/完成句子④Thesurvivorslayonthebeach,exhaustedand________.⑤Don'tmentionthatatthebeginningofthestory,oritmaygiveawaythe________ending.⑥Thenews________________tothepoorgirlandshestartedtocry.(shockn．)这个消息让这个可怜的女孩震惊了，她开始哭了起来。shockedshockingwasagreatshock4．bury

vt.埋葬；安葬；使沉浸；使专心

[题点全练](单句语法填空)①Theyoungman,whoalsoseemeddeeplyburied___thought,raisedhiseyes.②Thegirlwassittingthere，_________

(bury)herfaceinherhands.inburying系统归纳beburiedinthought沉思buryone'sfaceinone'shands双手掩面难点释解(1)bury用作“使沉浸；使专心”之意时，其后常接反身代词作宾语或使用被动语态，搭配为：buryoneselfin/beburiedin(埋头于；专心于)(2)表示“专心于；致力于”的其他常用短语：bedevotedto；beabsorbed/engagedin；focuson；fix/concentrateone'sattentionon等[进阶学习][练重难点](单句语法填空/句型转换)③Hesatatawoodentableand__________(bury)inreading.④Heburied_______(he)inhisbookandcompletelyforgotthetime.⑤Hesatatawoodentable,________________.(用分词短语作状语改写③句)⑥________________________，hecompletelyforgotthetime.(用分词短语作状语改写④句)wasburiedhimselfburiedinreadingBuryinghimselfinhisbook5．strike

vi.&vt.侵袭；突击；击打n.罢工；罢课；袭击

[题点全练](单句语法填空)①______

(strike)bythebeautyoftheWestLake,westoppedtoadmireit.②Meetingmydearteachersandfellowstudentsaftersomanyyearswasindeedawarmoccasion,oneI'dstrike____myheartforever.Struckinto系统归纳bestruckby

被……打动/迷住strike...intoone'sheart使……刻骨铭心易错提醒Itstrikessb.that...某人突然想起……sth.strikesb.某人突然想起某事sb.strikeonsth.某人突然想起某事以上三个句型，在英汉表达上存在着很大差异。[进阶学习][练重难点](完成句子/一句多译)③_______________IwouldhaveanimportantmeetinginShanghaithenextday.我突然想起来明天在上海有一个重要的会议。④我突然想起了一个好主意。→____________________→____________________ItstruckmethatAgoodideastruckme.Istruckonagoodidea.6．cometoanend结束；终结

[题点全练](完成句子)①Howtimeflies！Twoweekswentbybeforewerealizedthatourexchangeactivity_________________.时光飞逝！两周已过，我们才恍然意识到交流活动即将要结束。iscomingtoanend系统归纳(1)attheendof

在……尽头；在……末端bytheendof到……结束时；到……时候为止(常与完成时态连用)intheend最后；终于(2)put/bring...toanend/putanendto...使……结束(3)make(both)endsmeet使收支相抵；量入为出辨析比较cometoanend意为“结束”，是不及物动词短语，不能跟宾语，主语通常是物；而putanendto...与bring...toanend意为“使……结束”，均为及物动词短语，后须跟宾语，主语通常为人。[进阶学习][练重难点]选词填空(cometoanend/bring...toanend/putanendto...)②Thedirector________thefilm_________inanamazingway.③Themeeting_____________andweallsetdownmanykeypoints.④Eventually,they____________thequarrelandreachedanagreement.broughttoanendcametoanendputanendto1．asif引导表语从句或方式状语从句[用法规则]

asif＝asthough，意为“似乎；好像；仿佛”，在句中引导表语从句或方式状语从句。(1)如果所引导的从句表示的是真实的或极有可能发生的情况时，从句要用陈述语气。(2)当说话人所陈述的是不真实的或极少可能发生或存在的情况时，从句用虚拟语气。与现在事实相反，用一般过去时(be动词用were)；与过去事实相反，用haddone；与将来事实相反，用would/could/might＋动词原形。(3)asthough/if引导的从句中的主语和主句主语一致，且含有be动词时，从句中的主语和be动词常常可以省略。

[应用体验](完成句子/句型转换)①Hurryup!Itlooksasifthetrain_______________.快点！看起来好像火车要开了。②ItwasJohnwhobrokethewindow.Whyareyoutalkingtome________________?打破窗户的是约翰。为什么你给我谈话好像是我打破的似的？③Thekidsareveryfriendlywithherandevenlookuptoher___________________________.孩子们对她很友好，甚至把她当亲生母亲一样尊敬她。④Theoldmanwaslyingonthegroundasifhewasbadlyhurt.→Theoldmanwaslyingonthegroundasif__________.(状语从句的省略)isgoingtomoveasifIhaddoneitasifsheweretheirownmotherbadlyhurt2．bedoing...when...正在做……这时……[用法规则]

(1)beabouttodosth.when...＝beonthepointofdoingsth.when...正要做某事，这时……(2)had(just)donesth.when...刚做完某事，这时……

[应用体验](完成句子/句型转换)①She_______________________________________sheheardacryforhelp.她正沿着河岸走，这时她听到一阵呼救声。②I_________________________________myparentscameback.我刚刚打开电脑，这时我父母回来了。③Seatedintheclassroom,IwasonthepointoftakingmybooksoutwhensuddenlyIbecamefrozen.→Seatedintheclassroom,I__________________________________suddenlyIbecamefrozen.waswalkingalongthebankoftheriverwhenhadjustturnedonthecomputerwhenwasabouttotakemybooksoutwhen“自然灾害与防范”主题与我们的生活息息相关。了解自然灾害，积极应对自然灾害，掌握与自然灾害相关的安全常识和防范措施，树立防灾意识和自我保护意识，对我们来说尤其重要。该主题有利于引导学生重视自然灾害，树立环保意识和灾害防范意识。StarsaftertheStorm(节选自外研版教材必修第三册UNIT6)After

the

hurricane,we

were

homeless

and

my

cat,Smartie,disappeared.(背景提示：飓风过后，失去家园和猫咪)❶Livingintheopenair,webecamebreakfast,lunchanddinnerforthemosquitos.❷Butmumsaidthatwhateverhappens,weshouldalwaystrytoseethegoodsideofthings.Itwasdifficulttostaypositive,though.Wehadlostourhomeandeverythinginit,includingSmartie.Allwehadleftweretheclothesonourbacks.Butasmumkeptonremindingus,wewerealltogetherandsafe.mum'swordsmadeusfeelbetter.Irememberusalllyingunderthemidnightskyandlookingupatthestars.Becausetherewerenolights,wecouldseetheBigDipper,theLittleDipperandtheMilkyWay.Itwasamazing！Eventhoughwehadlostalot,mumentslikethosegaveushopeforthefuture.(灾难后的彷徨和妈妈的鼓励)Althoughitwasonlyafewdaysbeforewewererescued,itfeltlikemonths.Weweretakentoanothertowninafarawaycounty.Thankfully,Smartiecamehomejustintime.Weweresohappytotakehimwithus,althoughthen,noneofusknewthatwewouldn'tbebackforquiteawhile(几天后：获得救援)．Now,oneyearhaspassedandI'mbackhomeinNewOrleans.❸Somefamilieshaveyettoreturn,butmanyothershavecomeback.Althoughwearesurroundedbyremindersofthedisaster,weareworkingtogethertorebuildourhomesandourlives.NowwehaveanotherchancetolookupatthestarsofNewOrleans,theirbeautyinspiringusandgivingusconfidencetomoveon.(一年后：重建家园)由教材学写法1．学亮点词汇第一段中使用两个but和一个though形象地描写了灾难之后失去家园和猫咪的痛苦和妈妈的不断鼓励，为下文提到星空和希望做了铺垫；在描写星空时用了amazing一词，写出了作者对生活重新燃起了希望。第二段中的thankfully一词道出了作者对猫咪回家的欣喜之情。第三段中的inspire和moveon写出了星空之美鼓舞着“我们”，让“我们”有信心继续前行，重建美好生活。2．学高级句式句❷运用whatever引导的让步状语从句，强调了“无论发生什么，我们都应该看到事情好的一面”。句❸是一个but连接的并列句，意在强调but后第二分句的内容——有许多人已经回来了。强调了人们重建家园的努力，突显了希望。3．学行文逻辑本文是一篇记叙文。作者按照时间顺序讲述了自己一次灾难过后的经历。飓风过后，无家可归→几天后获救→一年后，重建家园。贯穿文章的还有人物心理的变化，从最初的慌乱、悲观到与猫咪重逢的喜悦再到对新生活的信心。另外，对星空的数次描写，对于情节开展起到了推动的作用，整篇文章写景叙事抒情融为一体。

4．学修辞手法句❶中，作者将他们一家人比作蚊子的一日三餐，使读者对其当时所处的恶劣环境留下了鲜明的印象，既令文章更生动，又容易引起读者共鸣。Ⅰ.多积词块——丰富表达方式1．donate...to...

向……捐赠……2．cometoone'srescue 前来营救某人3．betrappedinruins 被困在废墟中4．rebuildone'shome 重建某人的家园5．takemeasures/stepstodosth. 采取措施做某事6．be/becomeawareof/that... 意识到……7．tomakemattersworse 更糟糕的是8．thanksto 因为，由于，幸亏9．befacedwith 面临10．wipeout 彻底摧毁11．fightwith 与……作斗争12．recoverfrom 从……中恢复13．astrongwill 坚强的意志14．sufferfrom 遭受15．inharmonywithnature 与自然和谐相处16．helpinghands 援手Ⅱ.多积佳句——彰显表达功底1．Asevereearthquakedestroyedalmosteverything,leavingbadlydamagedbuildings.一场剧烈的地震几乎毁了一切，留下了严重受损的建筑物。2．Sometimesasmileissopowerfulthatitgivespeoplesufferingfromdisastersgreatcourage.有时候，微笑会如此有力量，以至于它给遭受灾难的人以巨大的勇气。3．Theearthquakecausedstructuraldamagetomostofthebuildingsinthetown.这次地震给城镇的大部分建筑造成了结构性的破坏。4．Thecountryhasprovidedfoodandclothesforthehomelesspeopleinthedisaster­strickenareas.这个国家已经为灾区无家可归的人们提供了食品和衣物。5．Havingrealizedthegreatharmcausedbythehazeandtheimportanceofprotectingtheenvironment,peoplealloverthecountryaretakingmeasurestoreducethehazyweather.由于意识到了雾霾造成的严重危害和保护环境的重要性，全国人民正采取措施减少雾霾天气。6．Recentyearshaveseenabigincreaseinnaturaldisasters,suchasearthquakes,hurricanesandfloods,whicharebigthreatstopeople'slives.最近几年自然灾害频发，例如地震、飓风和洪水，严重地威胁着人们的生命。7．Peoplehaverealizedthegreatharmcausedbyth