2024版新教材高考英语全程一轮总复习课时作业5Unit5Intothewild外研版必修第一册VIP

课时作业(五)必修第一册Unit5IntothewildⅠ.阅读理解A[2023·山东省潍坊市高三上学期期中考试]AnewversionofastudentloanforgivenessapplicationwillbeofficiallylaunchedbytheEducationDepartmentlaterthismonth.Itistocancelupto$10，000indebtforthoseearninglessthan$125，000peryearandupto$20，000forthosewhoreceivedPellGrants.ItwillnotforgiveanystudentloandebtunderthedebtreliefplanpriortoOctober23,2022.Howlongtheapplicationwillbeup:Thedepartmentisofferingperiodicaccesstotheform—soborrowersmayhavetorefreshthesitepageorkeepcheckingback.TheapplicationwillbeavailablethroughDec.31,2023Whattheapplicationasksfor:Itrequiresonlybasicinformation,includingname,birthdate,SocialSecuritynumber,phonenumberandane­mailaddress.Borrowerswillnotneedwhat'sknownasanFSAIDtologintotheapplication,norwilltheyneedtouploadanydocuments,includingtaxrecords.Willborrowersneedtoprovetheymeettheplan'sincomerequirements?Insteadofprovidingdocumentsthatconfirmyou,asanindividual,earned$125，000in2020or2021or,asacouple,lessthan$250，000,theapplicationsimplyasksborrowerstocheckaboxtoguaranteeunderthelawsthatallinformationprovidedonthisformistrueandcorrect.Howlongwillittaketoprocesseachapplication?Amatterofweeks.ThedepartmentwantstorelieveasmanydebtsaspossiblebeforestudentloanpaymentsrestartinJanuary.1．Whatistheaimofthestudentloanforgivenessapplication?A．ToadvocatePellGrant.B．Togivestudentsareward.C．Toincreasefamilyincomes.D．Toeasethedebtburden.2．Whatisamustforapplicants?A．Submittingapaperform.B．Uploadingthetaxrecords.C．Providingtrueinformation.D．PayingofftheloanbeforeJanuary.3．Whatisthetext?A．Anadvertisement.B．Aloanhandbook.C．Anofficialreport.D．Adepartmentworkplan.B[2023·湖南省高三适应性考试]Seventeenyoungturtlesraisedfromeggssavedfromthesmashedbodiesofmotherskilledonroadsgottheirreleasebackintothewildbyaclassofkindergartners.Itwaspartofaprogramthathassavedthousandsofturtlesandreturnedthemtothewildoverthepast25years.Theturtleswereeitherraisedfromtheeggsoftheirdeadmothersorwerethemselvesrescuedfromroads,stormdrainsorotherdangerousplacesovertheyears.“It'sagreatcommunityconnection，”saidLisaFerguson,directorofresearchandconservationattheWetlandsInstitute,whichrunstheprogramalongwithStocktonUniversityandStoneHarborschools.“Itshowshowconservationworks,andthateveryonehasaparttoplay,fromadultsdowntokindergartenstudents.”Theturtlereleasetookplaceduringegg­layingseason,whenturtlescomeupoutofthewetlandsontodrylandtolayeggs,thusexposingthemselvesnotonlytonaturalpredators,butalsotothefarmoredeadlythreatofmotorvehicles.Asidefromcaringforinjuredliveturtles,theWetlandsInstituteharvestseggsfromfemaleskilledontheroadandincubates(孵化)themat30degreesCelsius(86degreesFahrenheit),atemperaturethatwillensuretheydevelopasfemales(eggtemperaturedeterminesthesexoftheseturtles,Fergusonsaid)．Whentheyhavegrownenoughintheirfirstyear,theyarereadyforreleaseintothewetlandssurroundingtheinstitute.That'swherethekidscomein.KindergartnersfromStoneHarborschoolsgettoknowtheturtlesastheygrow.Theygivethemnames,drawpostersofthem,andevenbakeandsellcookiestoraisemoneyforturtleconservation.Whenitwastimetosetthemfree,someeagerlygraspedtheturtlesfrombehind;othersweremorequiettogetupcloseandpersonalwithsquirmingturtlesandsquishymud,buteachstudentseemedexcitedtoseetheturtlespaddleawayintotheshallowwater.4．Whydidtheturtlesneedrescuing?A.Becausetheireggscouldn'tdevelopasfemales.B．Becausetheycouldn'twalkacrosstheroad.C．Becausetheylosttheirmothertothesea.D．Becausetheirhabitatwasthreatened.5．WhatdidLisaFergusonthinkoftheprogram?A.Professional. B．Natural.C．Educational. D．Optional.6．Whatdidkidsdofortheprogram?A．Theylearnttobefriendturtles.B．Theyprovidedturtleswithfood.C．Theysavedtheturtlesfromroadkills.D．Theycaredfortheinjuredliveturtles.7．Whatisthebesttitleofthepassage?A．GoonfightingforthemB．Workharder,worrylessC．Helpthem,happytogetherD．SavethemtosaveourselvesCIfyoustartasentencewith,“IfIwereyou...”orfindyourselfscratchingyourheadoveradecisionwhentheansweriscrystal­clear,there'sascientificreasonbehindit.Ourowndecision­makingabilitiescanbecomeexhaustedoverthecourseofthedaycausingindecisionorpoorchoices,butchoosingonbehalfofsomeoneelseisanenjoyabletaskthatdoesn'tsufferthesamedifficulties.“Theproblemisdecisionfatigue,apsychologicalphenomenonthatcausesharmtothequalityofyourchoicesafteralongdayofdecisionmaking，”saysEvanPolman,aleadingpsychologist.Physiciansonthejobforseveralhours,forexample,aremorelikelytoprescribeantibiotics(抗生素)topatientswhenit'sunwisetodoso.“Presumablyit'sbecauseit'ssimpleandeasytowriteaprescriptionandconsiderapatientcaseclosedratherthaninvestigatefurther，”Polmansays.Butdecisionfatiguegoesawaywhenyouaremakingthedecisionforsomeoneelse.Whenpeopleimaginethemselvesasadvisers,theyfeellesstiredandrelylessondecisionshortcuts.“Bytakingupontheroleofadviserratherthandecisionmaker,onedoesnotsuffertheconsequencesofdecisionfatigue，”hesays.“Itisasifthereissomethingfunaboutmakingsomeoneelse'schoice.”“Gettinginputfromothersnotonlyoffersafreshperspectiveandthoughtprocess,itoftenalsoincludesriskierchoices.Whilethissoundsundesirable,itcanbequitegood.Whenpeopleexperiencedecisionfatigue,whentheyaretiredofmakingchoices,theyhaveatendencytochoosetogowithstatusquo，”saysPolman.“Butitcanbeproblematicsinceachangeinthecourseofactioncanbeimportantandleadtoapositiveoutcome.”Toachieveasuccessfuloutcomeorreward,somelevelofriskisalmostalwaysessential.“Peoplewhoaresusceptibletodecisionfatiguewilllikelychoosetodonothingoversomething，”hesays.“That'snottosayriskisalwaysgood,butitisrelatedtotakingaction,whereasdecisionfatigueassuredlyleadstoinactionandthepossiblechagrin(懊恼)ofadecisionmakerwhomightotherwisepreferanewcoursebutisunfortunatelyhindered.”“Justbecauseyoucanmakegoodchoicesforothersdoesn'tmeanyou'lldothesameforyourself，”Polmancautions.“Researchhasfoundthatwomennegotiatehighersalariesforothersthantheydoforthemselves，”hesays,addingthatpeopleslipinandoutofdecisionroles.8．Whatdoestheauthorsayaboutpeoplemakingdecisions?A.Theytendtomakedecisionsthewaytheythinkadvantageoustothem.B．Theymaybecomeexhaustedmakingtoomanydecisionsforthemselves.C．Theyshowconsiderabledifferencesintheirdecision­makingabilities.D．Theyaremorecautiousinmakingdecisionsforothersthanforthemselves.9．Whendopeoplefeellessdecisionfatigue?A．Whentheytakedecisionshortcuts.B．Whentheyhaveadviserstoturnto.C．Whentheyhavemajordecisionstomake.D．Whentheyhelpotherstomakedecisions.10．Whatarepeoplelikelytodowhendecisionfatiguesetsin?A．Theyavoidtryinganythingnew.B．Theyturntophysiciansforadvice.C．Theytendtomakeriskydecisions.D．Theyadoptatotallynewperspective.11．Whatdoesthepassagesayabouttakingsomeriskindecisionmaking?A．Itwillenablepeopletobemorecreative.B．Itwillmoreoftenthannotendinregret.C.Itisvitalforonetoreachthegoaldesired.D.Itislikelytobringaboutseriousconsequences.DTofindoutwhat'sinvolvedintheprocessofreproducinghumanvoices,IapproachedSpeechMorphing,anaturallanguagespeechsynthesis(合成)company,aboutcreatingadigitaldoubleofmyownvoice.Giventhecomplexitiesofspeechsynthesis,it'squiteashocktofindoutjusthoweasyitistoorderoneup.Forabasicconversationalmodel,allIhavetodoisrecordmyselfsayingafewhundredsofphrasesforroughlyanhour.Thephrasesseemveryrandom:“That'swhatCarnegiedid.”“I'dliketobeburiedunderYankeeStadiumwithJFK.”Andsoon.Buttheyaren'tasrandomastheyappear.“Wechoosespokenwordsthatwillproduceawideenoughvarietyofsoundsacrossarangeofemotions,suchassadnessandanger,tofeedanAItrainingsystem.Itthenteachesitselfthespecificpatternsofaperson'sspeech，”saysSpeechMorphingfounderFathyYassa.Yassasaystherearearound20tonestochoosefrom,andsomeofthesecanbeusedinterchangeably,ornotatall.“Noteverytoneisneededforeveryclient，”hesays.“Thechoicedependsonthetargetapplicationandusecases.Bankingisdifferentfromreportingandbroadcasting.”Thepossibilitiesformy__digital__doublearealmostlimitless.AtatrainingsessionwithSpeechMorphing,Igettohearmydigitalvoicedouble.Hervoicecomesatmethroughapairofspeakersconnectedtoalaptop.ThelaptophassoftwareintowhichwhatevertextIwantittosayistyped.Thesoftwareincludestoolstomakeadjustmentstothetone,speedandothervocalfeaturesthatmightneedtobeadjustedifmydigitaldoubledoesn'tcomeoutsoundingexactlyright.“Wecanalreadymakeyousoundsad.Wecanalsomakeyouactlikeyou'rereportingandbroadcastingnow，”Yassasays.“Wecanmakeyousoundlikeactinginthetheatre,eventually,thoughwe'renotyetthere.Itistooadvanced.”12．Whatisthesecondparagraphmainlyabout?A．Thestepsofdataprocessing.B．Thegoaloftheexperiment.C．Theprocessofdatacollecting.D．Thecomplexitiesofspeech.13．Whatistherequirementforthecollectedvoice?A．Itmustcoverdifferentkindsofstrangetopics.B．Thesoundscanexpressawiderangeoffeelings.C．Everypersonneedstoproducearound20tones.D．Ithastobecollectedaccordingtostrictguidelines.14．Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“mydigitaldouble”inparagraph5referto?A．Atypingsoftware.B．Apairoflouderspeakers.C．Arecordingmachine.D．Aspeechreproducingsystem.15．Which“digitaldouble”isprobablythemostadvanced?A．Acting.B．Reporting.C．Broadcasting.D．Banking.[答题区]题号123456789101112131415答案Ⅱ.七选五Everysentencewespeakshowssomethingaboutwhoweareashumans.Evenpeoplespeakingthesamelanguagehavedistinctdialects.__1__Whetheryousay“soda”or“pop”mayrevealwhatcountryandwhatregionyouarefrom.WhatyoucallthenightbeforeHalloweenmaytietoyourreligiousbeliefs.__2__Plantsandanimalsthataregivennamesinanylanguagearegenerallythosethatarerelevanttopeoplespeakingthelanguage.Therelevancecomesfromthewaythatthepeoplehaveinteractedwiththeanimalsandplants.Insomecases,thishashappenedovercenturies.Whilewemightthinkoflanguageashavingafixedsetofwordsandrulesthatwelearninschool,infactlanguageisalwaysevolving.Newwordsemergewhileothersfalloutofuse.Pronunciationchangesovertimeasdoesthemeaningofwords.__3__.Ourabilitytolearnlanguagedevelopswhenweareyoung.Soundsheardasinfants,oreveninthewomb,setthestageforlanguagelearninglater.Babycooingistheresultofbabies'analysisofthelanguagesspokentothem.__4__Childrenexposedtomultiplelanguagesearlyinlife,andgrowingupmultilingual,developenhancedcognitivefunctions.Thesemayincludetheabilitytofocusandignoredistractions.Languagesareasdiverseasthecommunitiesthatspeakthem.Eachoftheapproximately7，000worldlanguagesisatestimonytoacommunity'suniquehumanexperience.Yet,manylanguagesaroundtheworldareendangered.Itispossiblethatasmanyashalfoftheworld'slanguagescouldgosilentbytheendofthiscentury.Why?__5__Buttheyboildowntosocialinequalitiesanddisrespectforothers.A．Thereasonsarecomplex.B．Languageschangewithtime.C．Thesearerootedintheirhistoryandculture.D.Whatkindofslangyouusemaycomefromthehabitsofplaceyougrewupin.E.Languagealsoshowstheconnectionsbetweenusandournaturalenvironment.F．Babiesarepracticingthepronunciationofsoundsthattheyneedforcommunication.G．Peoplealsoborrowwordsfromlanguagesotherthantheirowntoaddtotheirownvocabulary.[答题区]1．________2.________3.________4．________5.________课时作业(五)Ⅰ.阅读理解A【语篇解读】本文是一篇应用文。主要介绍了新版学生贷款减免申请相关事项。1．答案与解析：D细节理解题。根据第一段“AnewversionofastudentloanforgivenessapplicationwillbeofficiallylaunchedbytheEducationDepartmentlaterthismonth.”以及最后一段“ThedepartmentwantstorelieveasmanydebtsaspossiblebeforestudentloanpaymentsrestartinJanuary.”可推知，学生贷款减免申请的目的是减轻债务负担。2．答案与解析：C细节理解题。根据第四段中“...,theapplicationsimplyasksborrowerstocheckaboxtoguaranteeunderthelawsthatallinformationprovidedonthisformistrueandcorrect.”可知，申请人必须提供真实的信息。3．答案与解析：A推理判断题。根据第一段教育部将于本月晚些时候正式推出新版学生贷款减免申请以及每段粗体字部分可知，本文主要介绍了学生贷款减免申请相关事项，所以是一篇广告。B【语篇解读】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章讲述了一个班级的幼儿园孩子们高兴地把17只孤儿小海龟放回野外的事情，文章还介绍了这个海龟救助项目以及孩子们在海龟成长过程中的参与。4．答案与解析：D推理判断题。根据第二段“Theturtleswereeitherraisedfromtheeggsoftheirdeadmothersorwerethemselvesrescuedfromroads,stormdrainsorotherdangerousplacesovertheyears.”以及第四段中的“...,whenturtlescomeupoutofthewetlandsontodrylandtolayeggs,thusexposingthemselvesnotonlytonaturalpredators,butalsotothefarmoredeadlythreatofmotorvehicles.”可知由于海龟的栖息地受到了威胁，造成了海龟的伤亡，所以海龟需要救助。5．答案与解析：C推理判断题。根据第三段“‘It'sagreatcommunityconnection，’saidLisaFerguson,...‘Itshowshowconservationworks,andthateveryonehasaparttoplay,fromadultsdowntokindergartenstudents.’”可知该项目告诉大家如何去保护海龟，发挥自己的作用，非常具有教育意义。6．答案与解析：A细节理解题。根据倒数第二段的三、四句可知孩子们像朋友一样去对待海龟。7．答案与解析：C主旨大意题。根据文章第一段十七只由在路上被撞死的母龟的卵孵化养育出来的小海龟被一个班级的幼儿园孩子们放回野外以及文章最后一段“...,buteachstudentseemedexcitedtoseetheturtlespaddleawayintotheshallowwater.”可知文章讲述了孩子们高兴地把海龟放回野外；结合文章中对海龟救助项目的介绍以及孩子们在海龟成长过程中的参与，可知文章主要介绍了孤儿海龟和孩子们的故事，所以C选项“帮助它们，快乐在一起”最适合作为本文的标题。C【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍决策疲劳的概念、行为表现及后果，还说明了在决策中承担一定风险的重要性。8．答案与解析：B细节理解题。根据第一段的最后一句“Ourowndecision­makingabilitiescanbecomeexhaustedoverthecourseofthedaycausingindecisionorpoorchoices,butchoosingonbehalfofsomeoneelseisanenjoyabletaskthatdoesn'tsufferthesamedifficulties.”可知，为他人做决策的时候不会觉得疲劳，而为自己做决定时，尤其是过了一整天，做了太多的决定后，就会变得十分疲劳。9．答案与解析：D细节理解题。根据第四段的第一句“Butdecisionfatiguegoesawaywhenyouaremakingthedecisionforsomeoneelse.”可知