2021届上海市陆行中学高三英语一模试卷及答案解析

2021届上海市陆行中学高三英语一模试卷及答案解析

第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）

第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）

A

ThelastthingCaitlinHippwouldhaveexpectedasshepreparedtoturn28yearsoldwastobelivingat

homewithherparents.Butthroughworkingasapart-timeskatinginstructorandrestaurantserver,sheisn'table

toearnenoughtoliveanywhereotherthanhome.

Tosomedegree,multigenerationalhouseholdshavealwaysbeenapartofAmericanlife.However,the

numberofyoungadultswhohavebeenmovingbackinwiththeirparents—orneverleavinghomeinthefirst

place-hasbeengrowingsteadily.

UBSFinancialServicesreleasedareportthatevensuggestsonereasonforthegrowingnumberofyoung

adultsstilllivingathomecouldbethattheirfamilydoesn'twantthemtoleave.

Thereportshowsthat74percentofmillennials（禧——代）getsomekindoffinancialsupportfromtheir

parentsaftercollege.Itfindsthatmillennialshaveredefinedthetiesthatconnectparentsandchildren.

Millennialsseetheirparentsaspeers,friendsandinstructors.Nearlythreequarterstalkedwiththeirparentsmore

thanonceaweekduringcollege.Inreturn,theirparentshappilyprovidefinancialsupportwellintoadulthood,

helpingfundeverythingforthem.

StuartHoffman,chiefeconomistforthePNCFinancialServicesGroupintheUS,saidthenumberofyoung

adultsstrikingoutontheirownfellduringtheGreatRecession.Althoughjobgrowthformillennialssince2014

hasimproved,thatdoesn'tnecessarilymeanthatmillennialsarestartingtoflythenest.Hesaid,“Theymaylike

livingathomeandbeingabletosavemoney.

〃There'snodoubtithasheldbackhouseholdformationandpurchasesofthingspeoplespendmoneyon

relatedtohouseholdformationandperhapsrelatedtochild-raising,"Hoffmanexplained."Buttheyareprobably

travelingmoreandeatingoutmoreiftheydon'thaveahouseexpenseormarriage.Idon'tknowifitrepresentsa

changeinmoralvalues.Butit'smuchmorecommonforadultchildrentoliveintheirparents'homesbecauseit's

becomingpartoftheculture.

1.WhatcanwelearnfromtheUBSFinancialServices'report?

A.Millennialsareongoodtermswiththeirparents.

B.Millennialsarefinanciallyindependentaftercollege.

C.Parentsareunwillingtogivetheiryoungadultsallowance.

D.Parentswanttheirkidstostaywiththemforever.

2.WhatdoesHoffmanthinkofyoungadults'livingathome?

A.Itincreasestheconsumptionofhouseholdproducts.

B.Itmaycontinuedespitejobgrowth.

C.Itisasignofshiftinmoralvalues.

D.ItisnewinAmericanculture.

3.Whatistheauthor'spurposeofwritingthispassage?

A.Tointroducemillennials'livinghabits.

B.Tostresstheimportanceoffinancialindependence.

C.ToexplainwhyAmericanyoungadultsstillliveathome.

D.ToinformpeopleofasocialtrendintheUS.

B

Alaska—TheAmericancityAnchorageisrecoveringfromapowerfulearthquakeFridaythatdamagedpublic

buildings,homesandroads.

The7.0earthquakecausedbuildingstoslake.Buttherehavebeennoreportsofdeaths,seriousinjuriesor

damage.Officialssaythequakehasnotaffectedtransportationoffoodandhersupplies.Z/Theshipsarecomingin

onschedule,thesupplylinesareatthispointworkingwell/thegovernmenttoldreportersSunday.

TheGlennHighwaywasprobablytheroadhithardestbytheearthquake.Itconnectsthestate'slargestcityto

otherpartsinthenorth.Traffichasbeenheavyandslow-movingsincethequake.Driversarebeingguided.

Groupsofworkersaretryingtorebuildareaswherethequakeleftlargeholesintheroad.

Peoplewhoarestillnervousafterthemajorquakehavebeenmoreupsetbymorethan1,700aftershocks.

''Anythingthatmoves,youfeelterrified^saidDavid,whosehomesufferedstructural结构）damage,includinga

sunkenfoundation（地基）.Actually,Alaskacameupwithstrictbuildingrulesaftera9.2earthquakein1964.That

wasthesecondmostpowerfulearthquakeonrecord.

Governmentofficialssaidapublichealthcenterpromisesthatmoneyformedicaltreatmentwillcontinueto

come.Mentalhealthyservice（心HI!健康月艮务）isalsoavailableforpeoplehurtbythedisaster.

Earthquakeexpertssaythereisa4percentchanceofanother7.0earthquakeorgreaterinthefollowing

week."Thechanceisverysmall,butitsnotimpossible,"saidtheexpert,PaulCaruso.

4.Whatwastheresultoftheearthquake?

A.Buildingsweredamaged.B.Foodsupplywascutoff.

C.ManypeoplewerekilledD.Theshipscouldnotcomein.

5.WhyisthetrafficslowontheGlennHighway?

A.Becausesmallquakeshitthecity.B.Becausefallingrocksareadanger.

C.Becausethehighwayisbadlydamaged.D.Becausedriversaremisled.

6.WhatcanyoulearnfromPaulCaruso?

A.Anothergreaterearthquakeisontheway.

B.Chancesstillexistsofanotherearthquake.

C.Itwillbesafeinthe1thweekafterthequake.

D.Thereisnopossibilityformorequakes.

7.Wherecanyourpossiblyreadthepassage?

A.Inastorybook.B.Inatraveljournal.

C.Inaposter.D.Inanewspaper.

C

Isrentingclothesgreenerthanbuyingthem?Sustainable（可持续的）fashionexpertElizabethClineisn'tsure.

Clothingrentingisahotnewindustryandbusinessmenaretryingtoattractshopperswhocareaboutthe

environment.Lastsummeralone,UrbanOutfitters,Macy's,Bloomingdale'sAmericanEagleandBananaRepublican

announcedrentingservices-asuresignofchangingtimes.

Butisrentingfashionactuallymoreenvironmentally-friendlythanbuyingit?Andifso,howmuchmore?

JournalistandauthorElizabethClineresearchedthisquestioninafeaturearticleforElle,andsheconcludedthat

it'snotassustainableasitseems.

Takeshippingforexample,whichhastogotwowaysifanitemisrented-receivingandreturning.Cline

writesthatconsumertransportationhasthesecondlargestcarbonfootprintofourcollectivefashionhabitafter

manufacturing.

Thenthere'stheburdenofwashing,whichhastohappenforeveryitemwhenitsreturned,regardlessof

whetherornotitwasworn.Formostrentingservices,thisusuallymeansdry-cleaning,whichisapollutingprocess.

AlltherentingservicesthatClinelookedintohavereplacedperchloroethylene,acarcinogenic（致癌的）

airpollutantsthat'sstillusedby70percentofUSdrycleaners,withhydrocarbon（碳氢化合物）alternatives,

althoughthesearen'tgreateither.Theycanproduceharmfulwasteandairpollutionifnothandledcorrectly.

Lastly,Clinefearsthatrentingserviceswillincreaseourappetiteforfastfashion,simplybecauseit'ssoeasily

accessible.There'ssomethingcalled“share-washing“thatmakespeoplehavemorewastefulbehaviorsbecausea

productorserviceissharedandthusisconsideredmoreeco-friendly.Uberisoneexampleofthis:advertisedasa

waytoshareridesandreducecarownership,andyetithasbeenproventodiscouragewalking,bicyclingand

publictransportationuse.

Rentingclothesisstillpreferabletobuyingthemcheapandthrowingthemintothebinafterwearingthema

fewtimes,butweshouldn'tlettheavailabilityoftheseservicesmakeusself-satisfied.There'sanevenbetterstep

-andthat'swearingwhatwealreadyhave.

8.WhatdoweknowaboutElizabethClinefromthepassage?

A.Sheistryingtoattractshoppers.B.Sheisanexpertandjournalist.

C.Shehascreated“share-washing”.D.Sheneverrentsclothes.

9.Whydoesrentingservicesincreasepeople'sappetiteforfastfashion?

A.Becauseitishandledcorrectly.B.Becauseitistransportedeasily.

C.Becauseitisfairlyeco-friendly.D.Becauseitiseasilyaccessible.

10.Whatcanweinferfromthepassage?

A.Clothingrentingbecamepopulartenyearsago.

B.Consumertransportationhasthelargestcarbonfootprint.

C.Rentingclothesdeservesfurtherconsideration.

D.Uberisagoodexampleofsharingrides.

11.Whichsectionofanewspaperdoesthetextprobablycomefrom?

A.Environment.B.Technology.

C.Travel.D.Medicine.

D

ElonMuskisasymbolofpassion,hardworkandsuccess.Apersonmayworkhardinhislife,butwhenhard

workgoesalongwithpassionandanewidea,thensomethingiscreatedthatastonishestheworld.Asthefounder

ofbigcompanieslikePayPal,SpaceX,andTeslaMotors,ElonMuskisaguideandinspirationfortheyoutharound

theworld.

日onMuskwasbornonJune28,1971inPretoria,SouthAfrica.Hewastheeldestofthreechildren.Hisfather

ErrolMusk,aBritish-bornSouthAfrican,wasanengineer.MuskspenthischildhoodinSouthAfricaandattheage

of9,hegothisfirstpersonalcomputer.ThisgotEloninterestedinprogrammingandhestartedtolearnonhisown.

Attheageof12,hemadehisfirstcomputergame,Blaster,whichearnedhim$500whenhesoldthesource

codetoamagazine.

Whenhewas17,hedecidedtoleavehomeandhadwantedtomovetothellnitedStatesaftergraduating

fromasecondaryschoolinPretoria.However,hewasunabletomovetothellnitedStates.In1989,ElonMusk

movedtoCanada,wherehismother/sslived.AfterobtainingCanadiancitizenship,MuskwenttoMontreal.Dueto

alackofmoney,hefoundalow-payingjob.Attheageof19,heenteredQueensUniversityinKingston^ntario,

studyingtherefortwoyears.Finally,in1992,hisdreamcametrue-hemovedtotheUnitedStates.

Asateenager,Muskstruggledwithdepression.Butthenherealizedthatthemostimportantthingwas

presentinghimselfwiththerightquestions.Thedayhestarteddoingthis,everythingstartedtogeteasier.

Muskthoughtthatahumanbeinghadtoexpandthelimitsofhisconsciousness—toasktherightquestions

andgetanswerstothem;thusheaskedthebestquestionofall:whatwillhavethegreatestimpactonthefuture

ofhumans?MuskfoundthatthesethingsweretheInternetandspaceexploration.

ThelifeofElonMuskisinspiring.HefoundsuccessontheInternet,withoutmuchformallearning.Byreading

booksandusinghiswillpoweranddedication,hereachedalevelofknowledgethatisdifficulttoimagine.Hedid

notgiveupuntilheachievedhisdreams.ElonMusktrulystandsoutamongotherbillionairesbecauseofhis

leadershipabilities,positiveattitude,abilitytoknowwhentotakerisks,andbeliefinfuturistictechnologies.

12.Accordingtothepassage,ElonMuskgainedknowledgeofcomputerby.

A.teachinghimselfB.learningfromhisfather

C.takingonlinecoursesD.studyinginQueensUniversity

13.WhatmadethingseasierforElonMuskwhenhesufferedfromdepression?

A.Expandingknowledgebyreadingbooks.B.Askinghimselftherightquestions.

C.AchievingsuccessontheInternet.D.Designingcomputergames.

14.Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?

A.Itsnevertoolatetolearn.B.Youthmeanslimitlesspossibilities.

C.Wherethere'sawill,there'saway.D.Hewhodoesn'tadvancefallsbackward.

15.WhichwordscanbestdescribeElonMuskaccordingtothepassage?

A.Optimisticandgenerous.B.Ambitiousanddetermined.

C.Independentandhelpful.D.Adventurousandrealistic.

第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）

阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项

Howtokeepyourselfsafefromnewvirus?

Afteranew-typecoronaviruswasfoundinviralpneumonia（肺炎）cases,morecaseshavebeenreportedin

recentdays.16:

Wearmasksoutdoors

•Wearingamaskisoneofthemosteffectivewaystoprotectyoufromgettinginfected.

•Makesuretowearitproperlybytighteningupthenoseclipandpullingthebottomofitoveryourchin（下

巴）.

•17,amaskisalsoneededtopreventyoufromspreadinggermstoothers.

Coveryourcoughsandsneezewithtissue（纸「H）

Coveryourmouthandnosewithatissuewhenyoucoughorsneeze,oryoucancoughorsneezeintoyour

sleeve,butavoidcoveringwithyourhandsdirectly.

____18____

Washyourhandswithsoapandrunningwaterthoroughlyforatleast15seconds.

•Beforeeatingandafterusingthetoilet

•Afterreturninghome

•Aftertouchingtrashorgarbage

•Aftercontactingwithanimalsorhandlinganimalwastes

Strengthenyourimmunesystemandexerciseregularly

•Exerciseregularlyisoneofthemostimportantwaystohelpyoustayawayfromcatchinganyinfections.

•Makesurethatsharedspaceshavegoodairflowandavoidgoingtocrowdedplacessuchashospitals,

railwaystationsandairports.19.

•Seekmedicalattentionimmediatelyifyouhavesymptoms（症状）offeverandrespiratory（呼吸的）infection.

•Avoidclosecontactwithpeoplewhohavefluorcold-likesymptoms.

•20.Avoidcontactwithwildanimalsorfarmedlivestock（牲畜）withoutanyprotection.

A.lfyourhandsarenotvisiblydirty

B.Eatthoroughlycookedmeatandeggs

C.Washyourhandsfrequentlyandproperly

D.lfyouarenotfeelingwellorhavingafever

E.Wearamaskiftransportormovementisnecessary

F.Visityourfriendsandsoftenasusual.

G.Topreventcatchingtheinfection,here'swhatyoucando

第二部分语言运用（共两节，满分45分）

第一节（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）

阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项

Therewasalmostnoreasonformetosingonmy51stbirthday.Beingrecent“emptynesters”,myhusband

andIweredoingourbestto___21___tothetooquiethouse.ThiswasadaywhenI___22___alltogathertogether.

Theplan,formy___23___day,wastomeetourdaughters,JaimeandKatieatafancy___24___.

Ouryoungest,Katiecalledtosayshemightnotbeableto25thecelebrationdinner.Shehad

heavy26earlierthatdayand,withthelongrideahead,shethoughtit27tostayatherownhouse

andhaveagoodsleep.

Afterall,thiswasmybaby.Howcouldshemovesofarawayfrommeinthefirstplace?ButtherealityIhad

to___28___wasthatshedidn'tfeeltheneedto___29___meeveryday.Itmademe30myabilitiesasa

mother.IfelttearsfallingasI31whatshehadjustsaidtome.Maybeshefeltthe32inmyvoice

because,onsecond33,shechangedhermind."But”,shewarned,"\didn'thavetimeto34youa

gift."

WearrivedwithKatiealreadywaitingforusto35.Afterdinnerinit,Katiehandedmeashopping

bag.AsIopenedit,the36warmthfilledmyheartagain:amommysittinginarockingchair,holding

a37inherarms.Theallexplanationsread:38neverleavesamother'sarms.

Igotthemessageloudand39mydaughterstilllovesmethoughshelivesfarawayfromme,

and____40____muchlessthanKdlike.

21.A.respondB.adjustC.reactD.contribute

22.A.attractedB.assistedC.expectedD.attached

23.A.specialB.painfulC.commonD.casual

24.A.canteenB.shopC.hotelD.restaurant

25.A.missB.holdC.prepareD.attend

26.A.weightB.trafficC.workD.rain

27.A.simplerB.betterC.worseD.easier

28.A.denyB.stressC.faceD.burden

29.A.understandB.teachC.visitD.phone

30.A.possessB.doubtC.acknowledgeD.improve

31.A.analyzedB.tastedC.repeatedD.memorized

32.A.embarrassmentB.confusionC.disappointmentD.

excitement

33.A.thoughtB.assessmentC.gradeD.sigh

34.A.awardB.spareC.buyD.show

35.A.stayonB.showupC.setoffD.turnaway

36.A.complicatedB.contradictoryC.academicD.previous

37.A.petB.babyC.toyD.book

38.A.loveB.mercyC.comfortD.pity

39.A.B.entireC.quickD.clear

40.A.callsB.compensatesC.emailsD.cares

第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）

阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式

TheLanternFestivalfalls____41.thefifteenthdayofthefirstlunarmonth.Thisisthefirstfullmoonof

thenewyear,representingunityandperfection.Thisfestivalalsomarksthe_42._（office）endofthelongholiday.

Therearemanylegends（传说）,relatedtotheoriginsoftheLanternFestival.

Accordingtoonelegend,onceinancienttimes,acelestial（天堂的）swancameintothehuman

world43.itwasshotdownbyhunter.TheJadeEmperor（玉皇大帝）,the44.（high）godin

Heavenwasangryaboutthis.He45.（plan）anattackontheearthonthefifteenthdayofthefirstlunar

monthwithorderstodestroyallpeopleandanimals.Buttheothercelestials（神仙）_46.____（agree）withhim

andriskedtheirlives47.（warn）thepeopleoftheearth.As48.result,beforeandafterthe

fifteenthdayofthefirstmontheveryfamilyhungredlanternsoutsidetheirdoorsandset49.firecrackers

（爆竹）andfireworks（烟花），givingtheimpre