（教师版）第一章 冠词精讲与精练

第一章冠词精讲与精练一、冠词讲前练：冠词语篇填空训练（不需要用冠词处划细线）WhenIwalkeddown[1]______ThirdAvenue,as[2]______rule,Iusedtolookintothewindowof[3]_______oldshopthatsoldoldbutbeautifulthings.SinceIoftentookmywalkaftertheclosingtime,Icuppedmyhandsagainst[4]_________windowstoget[5]_______smalllookatthetreasuresinside.Somethingslookedasiftheyhadnotbeencaredfor[6]______longtime,butIknewtheirbeautywasstilltherebeneaththeirsurface.Ieventhoughttheywere[7]_________mostbeautifulthatIhadeverseen.ThatwashowIfeltaboutoldpeople,too.Iknewtheirvalue,andithurtmewhenothersmissedit.Iwasraisedbymygrandmotherandgiven[8]______deepsenseofthevalueofexperience.Taughttobehavewell,mysisterandIrespectedotherpeople,regardlessoftheirageorcolour.Mygrandmotherwaslovedbyall[9]______peoplearoundher.Shewasknowntobe[10]____wiseandkindwoman,whowasabletodothingswelleveninherlastyears.Keys:1.the2.a【asarule通常】3.an4.the5.a【getalookat看一眼】6.a【foralongtime很长一段时间】7.the8.a9.the10.a二、冠词考点精讲：冠词考点1、定冠词（the）表特指，不定冠词(a,an)表泛指。冠词考点2、a用在辅音开头的可数名词单数前，an用在元音开头的可数名词单数前。注意：(1)、hour,honest,honour等词虽以辅音字母h开头，但其读音却以元音开头，因此，前面要用an.(2)、useful,university,usual,united,European,one-eyed等单词的拼写以元音字母开头，但读音却以辅音开头，因此，前面要用a。冠词考点3、固定短语中的冠词问题，如第二题的asarule(通常)(1)常考带the的短语attheageof在…岁时inthemiddleof在…的中间atthefootof在…脚下onthewayto在去…的路上ontheright/left在右边/左边inthehabitof有做…的习惯atthesametime同时inthemorning/afternoon/evening在早上/下午/晚上atthebeginning/endof在…开始/结束时atthetop/bottomof在…的顶部/底部bytheway顺便问一下intheformof以…的形式withthehelpof在…的帮助下withthedevelopmentof随着...的发展(2)常考不带冠词的短语atcollege在上大学athome在家inadvance预先，提前loseweight减肥atpeace/war处于和平/战争状态ingoodcondition情况良好onbusiness因公出差inaddition此外，另外ingoodorder有条不紊inplaceof取代payattentionto注意(3)有无冠词意义迥异的短语inhospital在住院inthehospital在医院inchargeof掌管inthechargeof由…掌管inpossessionof占有inthepossessionof被…占有infrontof在…（外部）的前面inthefrontof在…（内部）的前部outofquestion毫无疑问outofthequestion不可能冠词考点4、不定冠词可用于具体化的抽象名词前，Heisasuccessasateacherbutafailureasafather.AgoodknowledgeofEnglishisamustinmodernsociety.三、冠词应考技巧：1、在语法填空题中，空格在名词前，考虑是否应该填冠词，2、在改错题中，重点考虑定冠词与不定冠词的误用，是否多用了或缺了冠词。四、考点精练(一)单句语法填空1.【2021·全国甲卷】Ittookusabout3hourstogoall___48___wayaroundtheXi'anCityWall.Key:the2.【2021·全国乙卷】Dueto___65_growingpopularityofenvironmentally-relatedandadventuretravel,varioustypesoftripsarenowbeingclassifiedasecotourism.Key:the3.【2021·新高考Ⅰ卷】Whileyou’reinChina,MountHuangshanis____65____musttovisit!Key:a句意：当你在中国的时候，黄山是一个你一定要去的地方。must作名词时，意为“绝对必要的事物”，为可数名词，此处泛指“一个必须去的地方”，应用不定冠词，must是以辅音音素开头的词，应用a。故填a。4.【2021·浙江高考卷】___44___Lincolnsenlargedthehousetoafulltwostoriesin1856tomeettheneedsoftheirgrowingfamily.ThreeofthefourLincolnsonswerebornhere.Key:the5.【2020•全国Ⅱ卷】Theplumtreesare70.firsttoflowerevenasthesnowismelting(融化).Key:the6.【2020•浙江高考】Thisstyleoffarminglastedforquitealongtime.Then,with64riseofscience,changesbegan.Key:the考查冠词。此处定冠词特指科学的振兴。7.【2019·全国卷Ⅱ】Whenwegotacallsayingshewasshort-listed,wethoughtitwas69joke.Key:a考查冠词。根据句意“我们以为这是一个玩笑”,再因为joke为可数名词,故用不定冠词。8.【2018•卷II】Cornproductionhasjumpednearly125percentover_______past25years,whilericehasincreasedonly7percent.Key:the

9.【2018•III】Unexpectedly,I'mface-to-facewiththegorilla(大猩猩),whobeginsscreamingat________

topofherlungs.Key:the10.【2017·全国卷I】As________result,peoplewilleatmorefoodtotrytomakeupforthatsomethingmissing.Key:a11.【2017·全国卷II】Thisincludeddigginguptheroad,layingthetrackandthenbuildingastrongroofover________top.Whenallthosehadbeendone,theroadsurfacewasreplaced.Key:the【digup掘起;翻土(准备种东西)】12.【2017·全国卷III】Instead,sheisearning￡6，500adayas________modelinNewYork.Key:a13.【2017·浙江卷6月考】ForPahlsson,thering’sreturnwas_______wonder.Key:a【原文thering’s是its】14.【2016·全国新课标I】Thenurseryteamswitcheshimeveryfewdayswithhissistersothatwhileoneisbeingbottle-fed,____otheriswithmum-sheneversuspects.key:the【nursery婴儿室，幼儿园;临时托儿所】15.【2016·全国新课标II】Giveyourbodyandbrainarestbysteppingoutsideforwhile,exercising,ordongsomethingyouenjoy.Key:a【forawhile一会儿】16.【2016·上海】Youcantellwhenyouareoverthetopandonthedownwardslope,byaskingyourself_______numberofquestions.Doyou,forinstance,feelthattoomuchisbeingexpectedofyou,andyetfinditimpossibletosayno?Doyoufindyourself.....key:a【onthedownwardslope,在下斜坡】17.【2015·全国卷II】Theadobedwellings(土坯房)builtbythePuebloIndiansoftheAmericanSouthwestareadmiredbyeven________mostmodernofarchitectsandengineers.key:the18.【2015·广东卷】MrJohnsonlivedinthewoodswithhiswifeandchildren.Heowned____farm,whichlookedalmostabandoned.Key:a(二)单句语法改错1.【2020·全国卷I】ThenIputthetomatoesandthebeateneggsintopantogether.Key:考查冠词。句意：然后我把西红柿和打好的鸡蛋一起放进平底锅。此处特指上文提到的pan，所以其前应加定冠词the，故在pan前the。2.【2020·全国卷III】Forexample,everymorning,mydadhastohavethebowlofeggsoupwhileIhadtoeatanapple.Key:考查冠词。句意：例如：每天早晨，我的父亲不得不喝一碗鸡蛋汤，然而，我不得不吃一个苹果。泛指“一碗鸡蛋汤”，bowl以辅音音素开头，用不定冠词a，所以the改成a。3.【2019·全国卷I】OneafternoonwhenIwasinprimaryschool,Iwaswalkingbytheschoolplayground.Suddenlyfootballfelljustinfrontofmebutalmosthitme.key:考查冠词。名词football为可数名词，前边需要有限定词。这里football第一次出现，故在football前加a。4.【2019·全国卷III】Eachofmycafeswillhaveadifferentthemeandanuniquestyle.key:考查冠词的用法。an用在元音音素前，a用在辅音因素前。unique是以辅音音素开头的单词，前用a。故把an改为a。5.【2017全国卷,33】Itisgenerallyacceptedthattheboymustlearntostandupandfightlikeaman.【真题改编】【答案】the改为a【考点】考查冠词的用法。【解析】句意为“人们普遍认为,男孩子必须学会做一个男子汉，能挺身而出，勇于战斗。”aboy和aman都是泛指，表示一类人。单数可数名词泛指应在名词前加不定冠词a。6.【2017全国卷II,16】Ashereachedfrontdoor,Jacksawastrangesight.【真题改编】【答案】front前加the【考点】考查冠词在具体语境中的用法。【解析】句意为“当Jack走到前门时，看到了一个奇怪的景象。”thefrontdoor是特指Jack所走过去的门，astrangesight是泛指，相当于acertainsight,起初次介绍的作用。7.【2017山东卷,21】Takeyourtime—it’sjustshortdistancefromheretotherestaurant.【真题改编】【答案】just后加a【考点】考查冠词在具体语境中的用法。【解析】句意为“别急—从这儿到餐馆只不过短短的距离而已。”ashortdistance短距离，是固定搭配的短语。8.【2017浙江卷,2】ExpertsthinkthatarecentlydiscoveredpaintingmaybeaPicasso.【真题改编】【答案】第一个a改为the【考点】考查冠词在语境中的用法。【解析】句意为“专家认为，最近发现的油画可能是毕加索的作品。”thepainting特指最近发现的油画；aPicasso意为aPicasso’spainting，指毕加索的一件作品，有one的含义。9.【2017四川卷,18】Dr.PeterSpence,headmasteroftheschool,toldus,“ThefifthofpupilsheregoontostudyatOxfordandCambridge.”【真题改编】【答案】Thefifth改为Afifth【解析】句意为“校长PeterSpence告诉我们说，我校的五分之一学生将到牛津大学和剑桥大学去学习。”afifth表示五分之一。因此选A。10.【2017重庆卷,26】Incommunication,asmileisusuallyanstrongsignofafriendlyandopenattitude.【真题改编】【答案】an改为a【考点】考查冠词的用法。【解析】句意为“在相互交流中，微笑通常是一种友好和开放的态度的明显特征。”11.【2017陕西卷,13】Asisknowntoall,People’sRepublicofChinaisthebiggestdevelopingcountryintheworld.【真题改编】【答案】在Republic前加the【考点】考查冠词的用法。【解析】句意为“众所周知，中华人民共和国是世界上最大的发展中国家。”12.【2017江西卷22】——It’ssaidthatJohnwillbeinajobpayingover＄60,000ayear.——Right,hewillalsogetpaidbyaweek.【真题改编】【答案】by后的a改为the【考点】考查冠词在具体语境中的用法。【解析】前一句句意为：据说John将会有一份年工资超过60000美金的工作，表时间单位每年，冠词用a，后一句说没错，他也将会以每周的方式得到薪水。by后面接具体的计量方式用定冠词the。13.IhavevisitedmanycitiessincetheSeptember2006.【答案】划掉the14.Weallknowthatthemanisthemostdevelopedanimalintheworld.【答案】划掉man前的the.15.IcamebytheplaneandIhadalovelyjourney.【答案】划掉the16.Whatgoodtimewehadlastnight!【答案】good前加a17.Wehaveamusicclassonceweek.【答案】once前加a18.Whatpityitisthatyouwon’tbebackbeforeIleave.【答案】what后加a19.TheAmericanslandedonmoonin1969.【答案】on后加the20.【2018•卷I】Duringmylastwinterholiday,Iwenttocountrysidewithmyfathertovisitmygrandparents.Key:countryside前加the【固定搭配gotothecou