2021-2022学年河南省洛阳中学高考仿真卷英语试卷含解析

2021-2022高考英语模拟试卷

注意事项：

1.答题前，考生先将自己的姓名、准考证号码填写清楚，将条形码准确粘贴在条形码区域内。

2.答题时请按要求用笔。

3.请按照题号顺序在答题卡各题目的答题区域内作答，超出答题区域书写的答案无效；在草稿纸、试卷上答题无效。

4.作图可先使用铅笔画出，确定后必须用黑色字迹的签字笔描黑。

5.保持卡面清洁，不要折暴、不要弄破、弄皱，不准使用涂改液、修正带、刮纸刀。

第一部分（共20小题，每小题L5分，满分30分）

1.JamesSmithandhisgirlfriendwenttoChenyiSquaretocelebratetheNewYear,never.

A.returnedB.toreturn

C.returningD.havingreturned

2.Itisafoolishacttonotesduringatestasyouwillbeseverelypunished.

A.sticktoB.refertoC.keeptoD.pointto

3.It*smewhyAlicegaveupherjobandgotmarried.

A.underB.aboveC.overD.beyond

4.Thetoughestthingaboutsuccessisyouhavetokeeponbeingasuccess.

A.whyB.whenC.whatD.that

5.Wildanimalsinnaturereservesneedtodeveloptheirsurvivalskillsand_theirwildnature.

A.displayB.possess

C.maintainD.monitor

6.Hawkingbelievestheearthisunlikelytobetheonlyplanetlifehasdevelopedgradually.

A.thatB.why

C.whereD.whose

7.…Let*swalktothatvillagetogether.

…・Howcanwetwogirlsdothatinthedark?

A.Iagreewithyou.B.Thafsagoodpoint.

C.Youmustbejoking!D.That^notyouropinion!

8.Everyonehadaforminhishand,butnooneknewwhichoffice.

A.tosendittoB.tosentitC.tobesenttoD.tohaveitsent

9.WhatIlovemostaboutreadingnovelsistheauthorsvividlydescribethecharacters.

A.whatB.why

C.howD.whom

10.Thearthistorianstriedtofigureouthowthetemplewhenbuiltaround15B.C.

A.mightlookB.mighthavelookedC.mustlookD.musthavelooked

11.Nowadays,theInternetisapopularforthepublictoaccessinformationandvoicetheiropinions.

A.trackB.trend

C.channelD.lane

12.Theinfrastructureofacountryismakeseverythingrunwell,includingthingsliketransport,irrigation,

electricityandschools.

A.whichB.that

C.whereD.what

13.—DoyouthinkPeterisagoodpartner?

・・・Notreally!Therearesomethingsthatarenoteasyto,andhislazinessisone.

A.putasideB.putupwith

C.thinkofD.getalongwith

14.Wordcamethat30firefightersgavetheirlivestoourcountrynationalpropertysecurity.

A.inexchangeforB.inresponseto

C.intermsofD.incontrastwith

15.—CouldyoucheckmylisttoseeIhaveforgottenanything?

—Noproblem.

A.whetherB.which

C.thatD.what

16.Thinkingthatherdaughterwasdoingherhomework,themotherlefttheroom,.

A.quicklyandgentleB.quickandgentle

C.quicklyandgentlyD.quickandgently

17.—Thesmallrestaurantisalwayscrowdedineverypart.

—Thafsithasauniquediningenvironmentandquiteafewwonderfuldishes.

A.whyB.because

C.whereD.when

18.Iliveinatownrunsasmallandwindingriver.

A.throughwhichB.whichC.inwhichD.where

19.ItwasluckythatlittleJackwasnotathomewhenthefirebrokeout；otherwise,he_hislife.

A.hadlostB.wouldloseC.wouldhavelostD.mightlose

20.Accordingtothelocallaw,nooneenterthebuildingsitewithoutpermission.

A.canB・must

C.shallD.dare

第二部分阅读理解（满分40分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

21.（6分）Onedayin1995,alarge,heavymiddle-agedmanrobbedtwoPittsburghbanksinbroaddaylight.He

didn*twearamaskandhesmiledatsurveillancecamerasbeforewalkingoutofeachbank.Laterthatnight,police

arrestedasurprisedMcArthurWheeler.Whentheyshowedhimthesurveillancetapes,Wheelerstaredindisbelief.

“ButIworethejuice,“hesaid.Apparently,Wheelerthoughtthatrubbinglemonjuiceonhisskinwouldmakehim

invisibletovideotapecameras.Afterall,lemonjuiceisusedasinvisibleink,so,aslongashedidn'tcomenearaheat

source,heshouldhavebeencompletelyinvisible.

ThecasecaughttheeyeofthepsychologistDavidDunningatCornellUniversity,whoenlistedhisgraduatestudent,

JustinKruger,toseewhatwasgoingon.Theyreasonedthat,whilealmosteveryoneholdsfavourableviewsoftheir

abilitiesinvarioussocialandintellectualfields,somepeoplemistakenlyassesstheirabilitiesasbeingmuchhigherthan

theyactuallyare.This^illusionofconfidcnce^^isnowcalledtheuDunning-Krugereffect”,anddescribesthecognitive

biastoinflateself-assessment.

Toinvestigatethisphenomenoninthelab,DunningandKrugerdesignedsomecleverexperiments.Inonestudy,

theyaskedundergraduatestudentsaseriesofquestionsaboutgrammar,logicandjokes,andthenaskedeachstudentto

estimatehisorherscoreoverall,aswellastheirrelativerankingscomparedtotheotherstudents.Interestingly,students

whoscoredthelowestinthesecognitivetasksalwaysoverestimatedhowwelltheydid—byalot.Studentswhoscoredin

thebottomestimatedthattheyhadperformedbetterthantwo-thirdsoftheotherstudents!

Sure,it*stypicalforpeopletooverestimatetheirabilities.Theproblemisthatwhenpeopleareincompetent,not

onlydotheyreachwrongconclusionsandmakeunfortunatechoices,butalsotheyarerobbedoftheabilitytorealize

theirmistakes.Inasemester-longstudyofcollegestudents,goodstudentscouldbetterpredicttheirperformanceon

futureexamsifgivenfeedbackabouttheirscoresandrankings.However,thepoorestperformersshowednorecognition,

despiteclearandrepeatedfeedbackthattheyweredoingbadly.Insteadofbeingconfusedorthoughtfulabouttheir

incorrectways,incompetentpeopleinsistthattheirwaysarecorrect.AsCharlesDarwinwroteinTheDescentof

Man(1871):“Ignorancemorefrequentlybeqetsconfidencethandoesknowledge.”

Interestingly,reallysmartpeoplealsofailtoaccuratelyself-assesstheirabilities.AsmuchasD-andF-grade

studentsoverestimatetheirabilities,A-gradestudentsunderestimatetheirs.Thedifferenceisthatcompetentpeoplecan

anddoadjusttheirself-assessmentifgivenappropriatefeedback,whileincompetentindividualscannot.

1、WhichofthefollowingstatementsabouttheDunning-KrugereffectisTRUE?

A.Theeffectistrueforeveryoneindailylife.

B.Itsuggeststhatmostpeoplelackcognitiveabilities.

C.Somepeopleareoverconfidentabouttheirabilities.

D.Theconclusionisdrawnbasedonaseriesofbankrobberies.

2、Whatdothecollegestudents1behaviorsmentionedintheexperimentsprove?

A.Feedbackplaysasignificantroleinestimatingone*sability.

B.Incompetentpeoplehavearatherfixedattitudetowardstheirchoice.

C.Goodstudentsalwayspredicttheirfutureperformanceaccurately.

D.Peoplecan'trelyontheirpreviousbehaviortomakeadjustments.

3、Theunderlinedword"begets”inParagraph4canbereplacedby“

A.givesrisetoB.takesadvantageof

C.makesupforD.breaksawayfrom

4、Whatcanweinferfromthepassage?

A.Realknowledgeisknowingtheextentofone'signorance.

B.Itisimpossibleforpeopletoevaluatetheirrealcompetence.

C.Illusionofconfidenceisthemajorsourceofpeople'sfailure.

D.Thosewithgreatabilitiesoftenhavealowopinionofthemselves.

22.（8分）Crossingyourlegsisanextremelycommonhabit,whichmostpeoplealwaysignore.Whileyoumayfind

itcomfortabletositwithonekneecrossedovertheother,itmightbecausinghealthproblemsthatyouarenotawareof.

AstudypublishedinBloodPressureMonitoringstatedthatsittingwithyourlegscrossedcanincreaseyourblood

pressure,becausethebloodinyourlegshastoworkagainstgravitytobepumpedbacktoyourheart,andcrossingone

legovertheotherincreasesresistance,makingitevenharderforthebloodtocirculate.Certainly,youwon'tfeelany

immediateeffects,butyoushouldn'thaveyourlegscrossedformorethan15minutes.

Crossingyourlegscanalsoleadtoneckandbackpain.Whenyousitwithyourlegscrossed,yourhipsareina

twistedposition.Notonlydoesitcauseoneofyourpelvicbonestorotatebutalsoaddspressureonyourlowerand

middlebackandneck.Soideallyit'sbestforourbodiestositwithourfeetplantedflat,hipwidthapart,onthefloor.

Moreover,yourfeetandlegsmightgetpainfulorhavethefeelingofbeingasleepwhenyoucrossyourlegsforlong

periodsoftime.Sincetheveinsandnervesarepressed,itcancausenumbnessand/ortemporaryparalysisinthelegs,

ankles,orfeet.Whilethefeelingofdiscomfortmayonlylastaminuteortwo,repeatedlycrossingyourlegsuntilthey

feelnumbcancausepermanentnervedamage.

Sonexttimeyousitdown,trytogetyourselfinthehabitofsittingwithbothofyourfeetonthefloor.Notonlywill

ithelpyourpostureandstability,butitwillalsosaveyourhealthinthelongrun.

1、Whichproblemwon'tsittingwithyourlegscrossedcause?

A.IncreasedbloodpressureB.Neckandbackpain

C.NumbnessD.Curvinglegs

2、Howsooncanwebenefitfromsittingwithbothofourfeetonthefloor?

A.Inlessthan15minutesB.Onlyinaminuteortwo

C.ForquitealongtimeD.Inamonth

3、Whereisthetextlikelytobeselectedfrom?

A.AHctionB.Apieceofnewspaper

C.AtextbookD.Ajournalofmedicine

23.（8分）Sportscanhelpusalot.Takingexercisescanmakeusstrong.Incollective（集体的）sportslikebasketball,

volleyballorfootball,wewilllearntheimportanceofcooperation（合作）.Andsportscanalsohelpusrelaxafterworkor

study.

However,asthesayinggoes,“therearetwosidesofeverything."Sometimesvvemayhurtotherplayersorourselves

ifwearenotcarefulenoughwhenparticipating（参力口）insportsactivities.Whafsmore,toomuchorhardpracticecan

bebadforourhealth.

Sportscanmakeushealthybothphysicallyandpsychologically（心理地）.Itisalsoagoodwayforpeopletoknow

eachotherandcanimprovefriendshipbetweenpeople.Solongaswearecarefulenough,sportscandousnothingbut

good.

1、canmakeusstrong.

A.SleepingB.Singing

C.MakingfriendsD.Takingexercise

2、Toomuchexercisecanbeforus.

A.goodB.enough

C.badD.helpful

3、Sportscan・

A.helppeopletoknoweachotherB.improvefriendshipbetweenpeople

C.dousnothingbutgoodifwearecarefulD.Alloftheabove

4、WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrue?

A.Sportscanhelpusrelaxafterworkorstudy.

B.Sportscanonlymakeushealthyphysically.

C.Sometimeswemayhurtotherplayersorourselveswhenparticipatinginsportsactivities.

D.Basketballandvolleyballarebothcollectivesports.

24.（8分）Goodbookstakereadersonjourneysintheirminds.Theannouncementofthisyear'sUSNationalBook

Awardsfinalistshashighlightedanumberofmodemliterarytreasures.Herearetwostandoutstoaddtoyourreading

list.

\LITTLE

3姓

ANY*

byHanyaYanagihara

PublisherDoubleday

.ALittleLife

ALittleLifefollowsfouruniversityfriends,Jude,Willem,JBandMalcolm,whostarttheiradultlivesinNewYork

CityaftergraduatingfromafamousNewEnglandcollege.Theyattendparties9goondatesandgainprofessional

success.

WhatsetsthisnovelapartisthatYanagiharaexploreslargerissuesthroughherwork.Asthestoryunfolds,Jude's

mysteriousandpainfulpastappears.WhenJude'sfriendstrytohelphim,theystarttorealizethelimitsoflove.Sadly,

theystruggletoacceptwhatcan'tbehelped.

YanagihararidsthenovelofanysignificanteventsandimportantfiguresinNewYork.Thisgivesreadersasenseof

closenessandallowsthemtomakecloseconnectionswiththecharacters9emotionallives.

♦BetweentheWorldandMe

Ta-NehisiCoates,ajournalist,explainswhatitmeanstobeanAfrican-AmericanintheUSinhislatestbook

BetweentheWorldandMe.

KTA-IEHISI

-COATES

BETWEEI

byTa-NehkiCootes

Publisher:Spiegel&Grau

DrawingfromthestyleofJamesBaldwin's1963bookTheFireNextTime,Coatesaddressesthewildracism（种族

歧视）intheUS.Interestingly,thebookiswrittenintheformofanopenlettertoCoates914-year-oldsonSamori.

Throughitspages,CoateshopestoprepareSamoriforthechallengesthatyoungAfrican-Americansfaceonthestreet

andeveninschool.CoatesshareshistoughchildhoodinWestBaltimoreandhisinspiringcollegelifeatHoward

University.

WhatmakesthisbookstandoutisCoates9greatwritingskill.ThelanguageofBetweentheWorldandMe,like

Coates9journey,isvividandattractive.

1、Whatdothefourcharactersinthefirstnovelhaveincommon?

A.Theyallliveahappylife.

B.Theyallhadapainfulpast

C.Theyalldowellintheirjobs.

D.Theyalldisliketoattendparties.

2、WhatdoJude9sfriendsdowithhisproblem?

A.Theyrefusetodoanything.

B.Theyonlyofferalittlehelp.

C.Theysucceedinhelpinghimout.

D.Theytrytohelpbutcoulddolittle.

3、WhydoesCoateswritetheopenlettertohisson?

A.Toletthepublicknowtheunfairracism.

B.Toteachhimhowtodealwithracism.

C.Towarnpeopleoftheharmofracism.

D.Tocallonpeopletogetridofracism.

25.（10分）Citiesarelikelytobeaffectedbyoverheating,thankstosomethingcalledtheurbanheatislandeffect.

Citiestendtobeshortoftrees,whichprovideshade,andtheyarecoveredwithblackpavement,whichabsorbsheat

fromthesun.Thinkofhowitfeelstowearadarkshirtversusawhiteshirtonasunnyday.Ablackshirtabsorbslight,

heatingyouup.Butawhiteshirtreflectslight,keepingyoucool.

Theaveragetemperatureinacityofamillionormorepeoplecanbemorethan5degreesFhotterthan

surroundingareas.Thatextra5degreescanturnahotdayfromuncomfortabletodeadly.Astemperaturesrise,cities

willbeanespeciallydangerousplacetobeduringaheatwave.Toprotectpublichealth,cityofficialsaregoingtomake

thecitycooler.

Aspartofthateffort,LosAngelesiscoatingitsroadsinCoolSeal,agraypaintthatkeepsstreetsandparkinglots

10degreescoolerthanblackasphalt（沥青）・ItwillhelpAngelinossavemoneyduringthesummer,whenair

conditioningsendspowerbillssoaring（猛增）.Anditwillsavelivesbyloweringtemperaturesandimprovingairquality.

Hotweatherworsensairpollutionbyturningcarexhaustintosmog,whichcanmakelifemiserableforpeoplewith

asthma（哮喘）andotherbreathingproblems.

Ofcourse,LAwillhavetodomorethanpaintoverafewstreetstocooloffthecity.Angelinoswillalsoneedtoplant

moretreesandapplywhitepainttorooftops—atleastthosenotalreadycoveredinsolarpanels.WhileLAisapioneerof

reflectivestreets,othercities,likeNewYork,arealreadyexperimentingwithreflectiveroofsor,likeMelbourne,

loweringthetemperaturebyplantingtrees.LAishardlyaloneinitsefforttostaycool.

“Thisisanurgentchallenge,andit'smuchbiggerthanoneperson,saidMayorGarcettiinarecentstatement.

“ClimatechangeisafactoflifethatpeopleinLosAngelesandcitiesaroundtheworldlivewitheveryday.”

1、Theurbanheatislandeffectresultsfrom.

A.plantingmoretreesinthestreets

B.furnishingeveryhousewithairconditioners

C.applyingreflectivepainttorooftops

D.coveringthestreetswithwhitepaint

2、Whatshouldthecityofficialsemphasizeduringhotsummer?

A.Whentocoattheroadswithblackpaint.

B.Wheretowearawhiteshirt.

C.Howtocoolthecity.

D.Whentocutofftheelectricitysupply.

3、WhatbenefitcanpeoplegainfromtheuseofCoolSeal?

A.Makinglifeeasierandmorecomfortable.

B.Promotingthesaleofairconditioners.

C.Increasingtheindooractivities.

D.Reducingthenumberofcolddays.

4、What'sthemainideaofthepassage?

A.L.A.adoptedmanyapproachestofightagainsttheheat.

B.L.A.ispaintingitsstreetswhitetokeepthecitycool.

C.L.A.hasbeguntoplanttreesinthestreets.

D.L.A.callsonpeopletofightagainstglobalwarming.

第三部分语言知识运用（共两节）第一节（每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、

C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项.

26・（30分）Ihadnoideashewouldbethere.Myapologiesforher]hadbeenprepared.

Whenmyteacherannouncedwewouldbehavinga（n）2mother-daughtertea,Ifelt3Iwouldnot

beservingmymotheratthisspecialevent.SoIwillneverforget4thebeautifullydecoratedgym-andthereshe

was,sittingcalmly,and5!AsIlookedather,Iimaginedallthearrangementsthis6womanmusthave

hadtomaketobeabletobewithmeforthatonehour.

Whowas7Granny?Shewasillinbed,andMomhadtodoeverythingforher.Howdidshegethere?We

didn'townacar,andshecouldn't8ataxi.Itwasalongwalktogetthebus,plusatleastfivemoreblockstothe

9.

Andtheprettydressshewas10,redwithtinywhiteflowers,wasjustrightforthetea.Therewasnomoney

forextraclothes,andIknewshehadgoneinto11againtohaveit.

Iwassoproud!Iservedherteawitha12.thankfulheart,andintroducedhertothegroupwhenour13

came.Isatwithmymotherthatday,justliketherestofthe14,andthatwasvery15tome.Thelookof

loveinhereyestoldmeshe16,

Ihaveneverforgotten.Oneofthe17ImadetomyselfandtomychildrenwasthatIwouldalwaysbethere

forthem.Thatpromiseis18tokeepintoday'sbusyworldButIhavea（n）19beforemethatputsany

20excusestorest.Ijustrecallagainwhenmothercametotea.

1、A.absenceB.errorC.latenessD.rudeness

2、A.urgentB.formalC.privateD.frequent

3、A.proudB.angryC.certainD.embarrassed

4、A.stayingatB.returningtoC.walkingintoD.droppinginto

5、A.sobbingB.smilingC.singingD.suffering

6、A.educatedB.lonelyC.strangeD.great

7、A.attendingonB.laughingatC.cheeringforD.chattingwith

8、A.advanceB.affordC.admitD.arrange

9^A.homeB.stationC.schoolD.market

10、A.wearingB.makingC.designingD.holding

11、A.detailB.businessC.actionD.debt

12、A.strongB.braveC.happyD.broken

13、A.turnB.chanceC.messageD.decision

14、A.teamB.companyC.familyD.class

15、A.annoyingB.importantC.interestingD.surprising

16、A.understoodB.acceptedC.agreedD.remembered

17、A.choicesB.mistakesC.effortsD.promise

18、A.unfairB.difUcultC.falseD.wise

19、A.roleB.ruleC.lessonD.example

20、A.awkwardB.politeC.poorD.meaningful

第二节（每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

27.（15分）"Click!”Thafsthesoundofsafety.That'sthesoundofsurvival.Thafsthesoundofaseatbeltlocking

inplace.Seatbeltssavelivesandthat'safact.ThafswhyIdon'tdriveanywhereuntil（小题1）（1）isontight.Choosing

（小题2）（wear）yourseatbeltislikechoosingbetweenlifeanddeath.Imagineyouaredrivingat100kilometersper

houror（小题3）（fast）whensomebodyaheadofyouputsonhisorherbrakessuddenly.Whatmayhappentoyou?

Someonethinkthatseatbeltsare4）（comfortable）,Lefsjusttake（小题5）closelookatyourchoice.You

arenotwearingyourseatbelt,（小题6）youcanslideinandoutofyourseateasily.Thatsounds（小题7）alotoffun.

Butyouarealsomorelikelytodieorsufferserious（小题8）（injury）.

Wearingaseatbeltdoesnotmakeyoucompletelysafe.Youcangetkilledor（小题9）（hurt）whilewearingyour

seatbelt.Butwearingthem（小题10）（prove）tobesaferthanwithoutthem.Sowhynottakethesaferway?

第四部分写作（共两节）第一节短文改错（满分10分）

28.（10分）假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误,

每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（八），并在其下面写出该加的词

删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。

修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意：1、每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；

2、只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。

Iamthesharedbike>I'dliketobeonthestreettoserveforpeople>Theycanridemejustviaamobileapp^But

horriblethingshappenafewdaysago、Severalpeoplestolesomeofuswithpayingtheirbillsontheappbuttreatedus

badly>Theybrokemysaddleandeventhrewmyfriendseverywhere>Wefeltangryforwhichthosebadguyshad

done、Thankstosomekindlypeople,wereceivedcareful"treatment"、Now,youhelpaswellasthewholesociety's

attentioniswhatweneedmost>WearedesignedtohelppeoplewhoarestucktheheavytrafficNWeareneithertoy

norprivatevehicles、Pleaseobeythebasicrules>35

第二节书面表达（满分25分）

29.（25分）假定你是李华，是你校音乐节的组织者之一。请你用英语给美国笔友Mike写一封邮件，请他介绍一下他

们学校的音乐活动，并对你校音乐的组织提出建议。

注意：1.词数100左右

2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

参考答案

第一部分（共20小题，每小题L5分，满分30分）

1、B

2、B

3、D

4、D

5、C

6、C