山东省2023-2024学年高二上学期10月月考联考英语试题(（解析版）)

高级中学名校试卷PAGEPAGE1山东省2023-2024学年高二上学期10月月考联考英语试题第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)略第二部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、BC、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。ASerbiaisoneofthemostaffordabledestinationsinEurope.HerearesomebeautifulplacesinSerbiathatyoucanpayavisitto.MountainAvalaOverlookingBelgradeandtoppedwiththeAvalaTowerintheBalkans,MountainAvalaisamust-visitspotthatmakesforapleasantbreakfromthecapital’sbusystreets.TheAvalaTowerisatalltelecommunicationtowerinthisareawhichwasrebuiltin2010,offeringthepicture-perfectwholeviewoverBelgradefromviewingplatformsandacafeforvisitors.MuseumofSremTheregionalmuseuminthetownofSremskaMitrovicahasavaluablecollectioninprehistoric,Romanandmedievalperiods.ItshighlightsarethenumerousarchaeologicalfindingsfromSremskaMitrovica,includingauniqueRomansundial(日晷)withthesculpturesofsomefigures.TheGalleryofMaticaSrpskaTheGalleryofMaticaSrpskaisoneofthemostsignificantandlastingculturalinstitutionsinSerbia.It’snotameregallerybutratheranationaltreasure,withseveralfloorscoveringpricelessSerbianartworksfromthelate17thtothe20thcenturyindifferentstyleswithcountlesslandscapesandgraphicartandmore.UvacSpecialNatureReserveThespectacularmeandersoftheUvacRiverarethehighlightsoftheUvacSpecialNatureReserveinsouthwesternSerbia.Theincrediblygreenriversnakesthroughrocksinazigzagmanner—afeatofnaturethatisbestadmiredfromhighabove.Thereserve,whichalsocomprisesa6-kilometer-longcavesystem,owesitsprotectedstatustoseveralhundredplantspecies,manytypesoffishesandrarebirdspecies.1.WhatcanvisitorsdointheAvalaTower?A.Visitanartgallery.B.Seeauniquesundial.C.Haveagoodviewofthelandscapes.D.Admireartworksattheviewingplatform.2.WhatdotheMuseumofSremandtheGalleryofMaticaSrpskahaveincommon?A.Culturaltreasures. B.Uniquerocks.C.Oldfloors. D.Modernsculptures.3.WhatmakestheUvacSpecialNatureReservespecial?A.Aprotectedstatue. B.Awatersystem.C.Agreenriver. D.Awildlifemuseum.【语篇解读】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍塞尔维亚的一些美丽的地方。〖答案〗1.C2.A3.B1．〖解析〗细节理解题。根据MountainAvala部分“OverlookingBelgradeandtoppedwiththeAvalaTowerintheBalkans,MountainAvalaisamust-visitspotthatmakesforapleasantbreakfromthecapital’sbusystreets.TheAvalaTowerisatalltelecommunicationtowerinthisareawhichwasrebuiltin2010,offeringthepicture-perfectwholeviewoverBelgradefromviewingplatformsandacafeforvisitors.(阿瓦拉山俯瞰贝尔格莱德，顶部是巴尔干半岛的阿瓦拉塔，是一个必去之地，可以在首都繁忙的街道上愉快地休息。阿瓦拉塔是该地区的一座高大的电信塔，于2010年重建，从观景台和咖啡馆为游客提供了贝尔格莱德全景)”可知，在阿瓦拉塔上可以看风景。故选C。2．〖解析〗细节理解题。根据MuseumofSrem部分“TheregionalmuseuminthetownofSremskaMitrovicahasavaluablecollectioninprehistoric,Romanandmedievalperiods.ItshighlightsarethenumerousarchaeologicalfindingsfromSremskaMitrovica,includingauniqueRomansundial(日晷)withthesculpturesofsomefigures.(斯雷姆斯卡-米特罗维察镇的地区博物馆收藏了史前、罗马和中世纪时期的珍贵藏品。它的亮点是来自斯雷姆斯卡-米特罗维察的众多考古发现，包括一个独特的罗马日晷，上面有一些人物的雕塑)”和TheGalleryofMaticaSrpska部分“TheGalleryofMaticaSrpskaisoneofthemostsignificantandlastingculturalinstitutionsinSerbia.It’snotameregallerybutratheranationaltreasure,withseveralfloorscoveringpricelessSerbianartworksfromthelate17thtothe20thcenturyindifferentstyleswithcountlesslandscapesandgraphicartandmore.(Matica塞族共和国美术馆是塞尔维亚最重要、最持久的文化机构之一。它不仅仅是一个画廊，而是一个国宝，几层楼覆盖着17世纪末至20世纪的塞尔维亚价值连城的艺术品，风格各异，有无数的风景和平面艺术等等)”可知，这两个地方都有许多珍贵的藏品。故选A。3．〖解析〗细节理解题。根据UvacSpecialNatureReserve部分“ThespectacularmeandersoftheUvacRiverarethehighlightsoftheUvacSpecialNatureReserveinsouthwesternSerbia.Theincrediblygreenriversnakesthroughrocksinazigzagmanner—afeatofnaturethatisbestadmiredfromhighabove.Thereserve,whichalsocomprisesa6-kilometer-longcavesystem,owesitsprotectedstatustoseveralhundredplantspecies,manytypesoffishesandrarebirdspecies.(乌瓦茨河壮观的曲流是塞尔维亚西南部乌瓦茨特殊自然保护区的亮点。这条令人难以置信的绿色河流蜿蜒曲折地穿过岩石——这是大自然的壮举，最受高空钦佩。该保护区还包括一个6公里长的洞穴系统，其保护地位归功于数百种植物、多种鱼类和珍禽)”可知，乌瓦茨河有独特的水系统。故选B。BIfirstrealizedthatplasticwasaseriousmatterforourplanetduringmytravelinWesternAustralia.Onedayabout12yearsago.IstoppedatasupermarketalongtheCoralBaycoasttobuysomegroceries.Buttheladyatthecountertoldmethatthesupermarketdidn’tsellanyshoppingbagstopreventplasticintheoceanandhelppreservetheendangeredturtles(海龟)livinginthatarea.Afterafirstreactionofsurprise,Igatheredallpurchasesinmyarmsandleft,reflectingonwhatIhadbeentold.Theexperienceinthattripmadememoreconsciousaboutmyimpactandpushedmetoadoptvarioushabitstotravelandlivemoresustainable.Forexample,IalwayscarriedacottonbagwhenIwentshopping.MytraveltoIndonesiawasanotherlife-changingexperiencethatstrengthenedmydeterminationtoturntoazero-wastelifestyle.InIndonesia,findingsafedrinkablewaterwasalwaysachallenge,soItraveledwithmywaterbottle,managingtoavoidalmostentirelytheuseofplasticduringmytrip.However,IwasseriouslystruckbymystayontheLibaranIsland,whereasustainableandturtleconservationprojectwaslaunched10yearsago.Despitethebigeffortsbytheprojectstaffandthecommunityincleaningupthebeachesandcreativelyreusingplastic,theshorewaswasheddailywithtonsofplasticcomingfromthetides.Walkingonacarpetofplasticthatalmostpreventedmefromseeingthebeachunderneathwasquiteshocking.Facingthisglobalissueinperson,Ifeltasenseofsadnessandangerthatsoonturnedintodetermination:todoasmuchaspossibletoreduceplasticinmylife.Sometimeswemightfeelhelplessinfrontofbigproblems,butweshouldbeawarethatsmallchangescouldactuallymakeadifferencestepbystep!4.Howdoestheauthorleadinthetopicofthetext?A.Byreflectingonthepresentlife.B.Bylookingintothefutureenvironment.C.Byintroducingthepreviousachievements.D.Byrecallingthepastshoppingexperience.5.Whatdidtheauthordecidetodoafterthetripabout12yearsago?A.Cutbackontravel. B.Shoplessfrequently.C.Leadagreenlife. D.Purifydrinkingwater.6.Whatdoweknowabouttheprojectinparagraph4?A.Ithadnocleargoal. B.Itdidn’tworkoutverywell.C.Itmettheislanders’needs. D.Itwasaimedtopreventturtleattacks.7.Whatdoestheauthorthinkoftheplasticproblem?A.Itispermanent. B.Itismanageable.C.Itiseasytosolve. D.Itislackinginattention.【语篇解读】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章主要讲述了作者在旅行中对塑料问题的意识到，并且决心采取一些可持续生活方式来减少塑料使用。旅行中的经历让作者意识到塑料对地球的影响，特别是对海龟的影响。作者在印度尼西亚的旅行中进一步加强了对零浪费生活方式的决心。尽管在海龟保护项目中付出了很大努力，但塑料问题依然存在。最后，作者呼吁大家从自己做起，逐步减少塑料使用。〖答案〗4.D5.C6.B7.B4．〖解析〗推理判断题。根据第一段中“IfirstrealizedthatplasticwasaseriousmatterforourplanetduringmytravelinWesternAustralia.(在西澳大利亚旅行期间，我第一次意识到塑料对我们的星球来说是一个严重的问题)”可知，文章一开始作者回忆起12年前在澳大利亚的旅行中的一个购物经历，这个经历让作者第一次意识到塑料对地球的影响。由此推知，作者通过回忆过去的购物经历引入了文章的主题。故选D。5．〖解析〗细节理解题。根据第二段“Theexperienceinthattripmadememoreconsciousaboutmyimpactandpushedmetoadoptvarioushabitstotravelandlivemoresustainable.Forexample,IalwayscarriedacottonbagwhenIwentshopping.(那次旅行的经历让我更加意识到自己的影响，并促使我养成了各种旅行习惯和更可持续的生活方式。例如，我总是带着一个棉袋当我去购物)”可知，通过这次旅行，促使作者养成了各种零浪费的旅行习惯和更可持续的生活方式即作者决定领导一种绿色的生活。故选C。6．〖解析〗推理判断题。根据第四段中“Despitethebigeffortsbytheprojectstaffandthecommunityincleaningupthebeachesandcreativelyreusingplastic,theshorewaswasheddailywithtonsofplasticcomingfromthetides.(尽管项目工作人员和社区在清理海滩和创造性地重复利用塑料方面做出了巨大努力，但海岸每天都被潮汐带来的成吨塑料冲刷)”可知，尽管项目的工作人员和社区在清理海滩，可是每天还是会带来成吨塑料。由此推知，该项目收效甚微即作用不大。故选B。7．〖解析〗推理判断题。根据最后一段“Facingthisglobalissueinperson,Ifeltasenseofsadnessandangerthatsoonturnedintodetermination:todoasmuchaspossibletoreduceplasticinmylife.Sometimeswemightfeelhelplessinfrontofbigproblems,butweshouldbeawarethatsmallchangescouldactuallymakeadifferencestepbystep!(面对这个全球性的问题，我感到一种悲伤和愤怒，很快就变成了决心：尽我所能减少生活中的塑料。有时我们可能会在大问题面前感到无助，但我们应该意识到，小的改变实际上可以一步一步地改变！)”可知，面临塑料污染这个全球性问题，作者感觉到悲伤和愤怒，虽然感觉到无助，但是作者相信从自身的小的改变一定可以产生大的影响即一步一步地改变并解决这个问题。由此推知，作者认为塑料问题一定是可以解决的。故选B。CPleasantonPartnershipsinEducationFoundation(PPIE)wasstartedin1987toraisemoneybyorganizingrunningeventsforlocalschools.BasedinPleasanton,California,asuburbofSanFrancisco,thenon-profitorganizationrecentlyhostedafamily-focusedfitnesseventforthecommunity.“Oureventhelpstobringthecommunitytogether,”saidMindyLouie,eventsandoutreachmanagerforPPIE.“Wehavemorethan3,000participants,hard-workingvolunteersandviewers.”Thisyear’sfitnesseventtookplaceonApril30attheAlamedaCountyFairgrounds.Itfeaturedracesoftwomiles,fivekilometersandtenkilometers.AnewKidsChallengeconsistedofaquarter-mileruntoencourageyoungerchildrentoparticipate.Whenaskedtodescribetherun,11-year-oldJeremyLouiesaid,“Fun,excitingandenjoyable.”Jeremyaddedthathewashappytohelpsupporthisschool.PPIEsupportsall15schoolsinthePleasantonUnifiedSchoolDistrict,whichincludemorethan14,500studentsand800teachersandstaff.Thenonprofitorganizationtriestofundprogramsaffectedbybudgetcuts,whileencouragingfitnessandathleticism.Todate,thePPIEhasraisedover$1millionfortheschooldistrict.Alocalrunners’groupcalledtheBURNYouthDevelopment(B.Y.D.)participatedinthefundraising.TheB.Y.D.hassincegrowntomorethan100youthmembers,30ofwhomraninApril’sPPIEevent.JerryWu,thegroup’sfounderandleadcoach,explainedthattheB.Y.D.wasborntokeepkidsrunning.“Watchingthemrunningstronglyandhappilymakesmesmileeverytime,”Jerrysaid.Jerryencouragesteamworkandteachesthestudentsvaluablerunningtechniques.AsaB.Y.D.member,OllieGu,aneighthgrader,wasoneofthetopfinishersintheten-kilometerrun.Hecompletedtheracein40minutesand46secondsandwonfirstplaceinthe12-to-15year-oldagegroup.“Theracewasextremelyrewarding,”Olliesaid.“I’mlookingforwardtoitnextyear.”8.Whichracewasrecentlycreated?A.Aten-kilometerrun. B.Aquarter-milerun.C.Afive-kilometerrun. D.Atwo-milerun.9.Whydoestheauthorlistsomenumbersinparagraph3?A.TostressthegreatinfluenceofPPIE.B.Toshowasmallbudgetforeducation.C.Tointroducetheschooldistrictinbrief.D.Toadvertisetheorganization’sprograms.10.WhatdidbothJerryandOlliewanttoconvey?A.Theirdutiesasathletes. B.Theirfeelingsascoaches.C.TheirrecognitionoftheB.Y.D. D.Theiranticipationofthenextrun.11.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A.Sportsvolunteers. B.Youngsportsmen.C.Runningwithteachers. D.Racingforeducation.【语篇解读】这是一篇新闻报道。文章主要介绍了名叫PPIE公益组织为当地学生筹集资金并举办了各种跑步健身活动的情况。〖答案〗8.B9.A10.C11.D8．〖解析〗细节理解题。根据第二段中“AnewKidsChallengeconsistedofaquarter-mileruntoencourageyoungerchildrentoparticipate.(一项新的儿童挑战赛包括四分之一英里的跑步，以鼓励年龄较小的儿童参加。)”可知，最近创建了四分之一英里的跑步。故选B项。9．〖解析〗推理判断题。根据第三段“PPIEsupportsall15schoolsinthePleasantonUnifiedSchoolDistrict,whichincludemorethan14,500studentsand800teachersandstaff.Thenonprofitorganizationtriestofundprogramsaffectedbybudgetcuts,whileencouragingfitnessandathleticism.Todate,thePPIEhasraisedover$1millionfortheschooldistrict.(PPIE支持普莱森顿联合学区的所有15所学校，其中包括14500多名学生和800名教师和工作人员。这个非营利组织试图资助受预算削减影响的项目，同时鼓励健身和运动。到目前为止，PPIE已经为该学区筹集了100多万美元。)”可知，作者在第3段中列出了一些数字，是为了强调PPIE的巨大影响。故选A项。10．〖解析〗推理判断题。根据第四段中“JerryWu,thegroup’sfounderandleadcoach,explainedthattheB.Y.D.wasborntokeepkidsrunning.‘Watchingthemrunningstronglyandhappilymakesmesmileeverytime,’Jerrysaid.(该组织的创始人兼主教练JerryWu解释说，B.Y.D.的诞生是为了让孩子们保持奔跑。Jerry说：‘看着他们坚定、快乐地奔跑，我每次都会心一笑。’)”以及最后一段中“‘Theracewasextremelyrewarding,’Olliesaid.‘I’mlookingforwardtoitnextyear.’(‘这场赛跑是非常有意义的，’Ollie说，‘我期待着明年的比赛。’)”可知，Jerry和Ollie都想表达他们对B.Y.D.的认可。故选C项。11．〖解析〗主旨大意题。根据第一段中“PleasantonPartnershipsinEducationFoundation(PPIE)wasstartedin1987toraisemoneybyorganizingrunningeventsforlocalschools.(普莱森顿教育合作基金会(PPIE)成立于1987年，旨在通过组织当地学校的跑步活动来筹集资金。)”可知，PPIE筹集资金是为了组织当地学校的跑步活动，D项“为了教育的赛跑”符合题意，能概括文章大意。故选D项。DASwissradiostationrecentlycarriedoutasocialexperimentonair,testingrobot-createdvoicesandcontent.The13-hourexperimenttookplaceattheFrench-languagestationCouleur3.Duringtheperiod,listenersheardtheclonedvoicesoffivehumanpresenters.Thestation’sprogrammingalsoincludedmusiccreatedbyartificialintelligence(AI)methods.Theprogramminginformedlistenersabouttheexperimentevery20minutes.“AIistakingyourfavoriteradiobystorm,”avoicesaid.“OurvoiceclonesandAIareheretounsettle,surpriseandshakeyou.Andforthatmatter,thistextwasalsowrittenbyarobot.”RecentAIdevelopmentshaveledtothecreationofaseriesoftoolsthatpermitrobotstoleaddifferenthumanactivities.Thesetoolsbelongtoagroupofsystemsknownas“generativeAI”.ThetoolsusemachinelearningmethodstotrainAIsystemsonhugeamountsofdatatoproducehuman-qualityresults.Oneofthemosthighlypublicized“generativeAI”toolsreceivedwideattentionbyshowingtheabilitytoquicklyproducewrittenanswerstoquestionsatalevelandqualitysimilartohumans.However,thedevelopmentof“generativeAI”systemshasledtosomecriticismofthetechnology.Criticshavealertedpeopletothedangersofsuchsystems.Theysayifusedincorrectly,thesystemscanhaveeconomic,culturalandsocialharms.TheSwissstation’schief,AntoineMultone,defendedtheprojectasalessononhowtolivewithAI.Antoinesaidifwebecameostriches(鸵鸟)wewouldputourheadsinthesand,blindlyworryingaboutthenewtechnology.HethoughtwhenAIwascoming,weshouldstudythetechnology,sowecouldthenproperlyputlimitsonit.Headdedthatabout90percentofthelistenerreactionssuggestedtheexperimentwasagoodidea.Butmanysaidtheyfoundthehumanelementmissingandnoted,“Youcansensethesearerobots,andtherearefewersurprises,lesspersonality.”12.WhywastheexperimentconductedatCouleur3?A.Totestthetextstherobotwrites.B.Totestthevocalsoundstherobotcreates.C.Totestthecapabilitiesofthehumanpresenters.D.Totesttheaudience’sabilitiesofcomposingmusic.13.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“alerted”meaninparagraph2?A.Warned. B.Exposed. C.Shifted. D.Applied.14.WhatshouldwedowithAIaccordingtoAntoine?A.Limitandpreventitsprogress.B.Takehumanelementsoutofit.C.Takeadvantageofitwithoutdefense.D.Researchandmakeuseofitsensibly.15Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.PuttingAIVoicesonRadioB.ReplacingAnnouncerswithRobotsC.NewTechnologiesChangingOurLivesD.LanguageBarriersintheDevelopmentofAI【语篇解读】本文是一篇新闻报道。瑞士一家广播电台做了一项广播的社会实验，测试机器人生成内容和语音功能。〖答案〗12.B13.A14.D15.A12．〖解析〗细节理解题。根据第一段的句子“ASwissradiostationrecentlycarriedoutasocialexperimentonair,testingrobot-createdvoicesandcontent.The13-hourexperimenttookplaceattheFrench-languagestationCouleur3.（瑞士一家广播电台最近进行了一项社会实验，测试机器人创造的声音和内容。这个13个小时的实验是在法语台“Couleur3”进行的。）”可知，实验的目的是来测试机器人创造的声音。故选B项。13．〖解析〗词义猜测题。根据划线词后面“thedangersofsuchsystems（这种系统的危险）”和“Theysayifusedincorrectly,thesystemscanhaveeconomic,culturalandsocialharms.（他们表示，如果使用不当，这些系统可能会对经济、文化和社会造成危害。）”可知，批评者一定是警告人们这种系统存在的危险，所以划线单词与warn同义。故选A项。14．〖解析〗细节理解题。根据最后一段的句子“HethoughtwhenAIwascoming,weshouldstudythetechnology,sowecouldthenproperlyputlimitsonit.（他认为，当人工智能到来时，我们应该研究这项技术，这样我们就可以适当地限制它。）”可知，Antoine认为我们应该研究并合理地利用人工智能。故选D项。15．〖解析〗主旨大意题。本文主要报道了瑞士一家广播电台做了一项广播的社会实验，测试机器人生成内容和语音功能。所以用A项“PuttingAIVoicesonRadio（在广播中播放人工智能语音）”作为本文的题目与文章主题相符合。故选A项。第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Whengardenersgrowvarietiesofplantsintheirbeautifulgardens,theyarehappytoseebeneficialinsectslikebeesandbutterfliessurroundingtheflowers.Butastheytakeacloserlook,theymayfindsomeplantsarecoveredinblackdotsandfilledwithharmfulinsectsorpests.Somegardenersmayimmediatelyreachforchemicals.____16____Althoughitmaystoptheinsectproblem,itwillalsothreatenbeesandbutterflieswhichhelptheplantsreproduce.Ifyouarewisegardeners,youshouldfirsttakepreventivemeasurestocontroltheharmfulinsects.____17____Onlywhentherearetoomanyharmfulinsects,shouldpestcontrolbeconsidered.Thefirstdefenseshouldalwaysbethesafestmethodavailable.PreventionAsarule,preventionisthebesttreatment.Inspectplantsclosely,includingtheirleaves,beforebuyingthemfromthestore.____18____Whenplanting,spaceplantsouttopermitthemtogrowtotheirfullsize.Plantstooclosetogethercanbreedharmfulorganisms,likebacteria.____19____Theyinvitepestsifpermittedtoremainontheground.Whenyoudoseepests,washthemaway.Userubbingalcoholtoremovesomeinsects,orpickthemofftheplants.PesticidesIfyoudecideapesticideisnecessary,chooseitcarefullyandfollowthedirectionsandwarningsontheproduct.Avoidusingpesticidesinextremeheat,onwindydays,orwhentheplantsarewet.____20____Atthetime,beneficialinsectsareinactive.Youcanconsiderremovingflowersfromtheplantstolessentheriskthatbeneficialinsectswillcomeincontactwiththepesticides.A.Butthisisnotwise.B.Inmostcases,chemicalsdon’thelp.C.Treattheplantsearlyinthemorningoratnight.DAlsodoremembertheplantsneednutritionandcare.E.Keepyourgardenfreeoffallenleaves,fruitsandotherwastes.F.Donotbringanyplantshomethatshowsignsofdiseaseorpests.G.Theprocessstartswiththeideathathavingsomepestsisacceptable.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。当园丁在美丽的花园里种植各种各样的植物时，他们很高兴看到蜜蜂和蝴蝶等有益的昆虫围绕在花周围。但是当他们仔细观察时，他们可能会发现一些植物被黑点覆盖，并且充满了有害的昆虫或害虫。文章介绍如何预防害虫和使用农药。〖答案〗16.A17.G18.F19.E20.C16．〖解析〗根据上文〖提示〗“Somegardenersmayimmediatelyreachforchemicals.（一些园丁可能会立即使用化学药品。）”，再根据下文〖提示〗“Althoughitmaystoptheinsectproblem,itwillalsothreatenbeesandbutterflieswhichhelptheplantsreproduce.（虽然它可以解决昆虫问题，但它也会威胁到帮助植物繁殖的蜜蜂和蝴蝶。）”可知，设空处与上文构成转折关系。所以A项Butthisisnotwise.（但这是不明智的。）切题。故选A。17．〖解析〗根据下文〖提示〗“Onlywhentherearetoomanyharmfulinsects,shouldpestcontrolbeconsidered.（只有当有害昆虫太多的时候，才应该考虑害虫防治。）”可知，要接受有害虫。所以G项Theprocessstartswiththeideathathavingsomepestsisacceptable.（这个过程始于有一些害虫是可以接受的想法。）切题。故选G。18．〖解析〗根据上文〖提示〗“Asarule,preventionisthebesttreatment.Inspectplantsclosely,includingtheirleaves,beforebuyingthemfromthestore.（一般来说，预防是最好的治疗。在从商店购买之前，仔细检查植物，包括它们的叶子。）”可知，有病虫害的植物不能带回家。所以F项Donotbringanyplantshomethatshowsignsofdiseaseorpests.（不要带任何有病虫害迹象的植物回家。）切题，其中选项中的also顺承了上文。故选F。19．〖解析〗根据下文〖提示〗“Theyinvitepestsifpermittedtoremainontheground.Whenyoudoseepests,washthemaway.Userubbingalcoholtoremovesomeinsects,orpickthemofftheplants.（如果允许害虫留在地面上，它们会招来害虫。当你看到害虫时，把它们洗掉。用外用酒精去除一些昆虫，或者把它们从植物上摘下来。）”可知，要保持花园远离落叶和其他废物。所以E项Keepyourgardenfreeoffallenleaves,fruitsandotherwastes.（让你的花园远离落叶、水果和其他废物。）切题。故选E。20．〖解析〗根据上文〖提示〗“Avoidusingpesticidesinextremeheat,onwindydays,orwhentheplantsarewet.（避免在极端高温、大风天或植物潮湿时使用农药。）”可知，设空处应该是在说使用农药的时间。所以C项Treattheplantsearlyinthemorningoratnight.（在清晨或晚上治疗植物。）切题。故选C。第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。GulnaraTolmachevaisfromRussia,whohasalwayswantedtobeatutor.Shehas____21____andrealizedherdreaminKaramay,aChinesecityinXinjiangfarawayfromherhomeinNovosibirsk.Now,shelivesinXinjiangand____22____Russianinalocaluniversity.____23____havinginterestintheChinesecultureduringherchildhood,Tolmachevadidn’t____24____Chinauntil2009.“InUrumqi,Isawdifferentethnicgroupsandbusynightmarkets,”shesaid.ShewasespeciallysurprisedatthewaypeopleofdifferentethnicgroupsweregettingalonginXinjiang.____25____bytheenergeticandculturally____26____city,shechosetostudyChineseinUrumqiin2013.Tolmachevaandherfamily____27____toKaramayin2019aftergettingajobofferthere.Littledidsheknowaboutthecity____28____,butnowsheconsidersKaramayashersecond____29____.“Thefriendshipand_____30_____ofmystudentsandcolleaguesmademefeelathome,”she_____31_____.Sheaddedthatherworkwasgoingwell,andhersonwashealthyandhappy.Tolmachevawas_____32_____bythekindnessandwarmthofthosearoundher,andshedecidedtoworkevenhardertomotivateherstudents.“The_____33_____environmentisveryimportant.SoItriedmybesttoteachthemRussiansongsandorganizeshortplaysduringcourses,”shesaid.HavingrealizedherdreamoflearningChineseinXinjiang,Tolmachevaisnow_____34_____aboutfinishingherdoctoraldegreeandisplanningtowritesomeRussiantextbooks.Shedoeshaveagreat_____35_____forherjob.21.A.fallenbehind B.blownup C.settleddown D.keptaway22.A.masters B.quits C.learns D.teaches23.A.Inspiteof B.Incaseof C.Intermsof D.Inplaceof24.A.choose B.visit C.expect D.admire25.A.Impressed B.Confused C.Frightened D.Annoyed26.A.single B.minor C.diverse D.false27.A.attended B.contributed C.objected D.moved28.A.gratefully B.previously C.gradually D.currently29.A.destination B.entrance C.barrier D.hometown30.A.promotion B.company C.absence D.criticism31.A.recommended B.promised C.recalled D.apologized32.A.touched B.discouraged C.limited D.recognized33.A.family B.language C.career D.accommodation34.A.enthusiastic B.modest C.particular D.sensitive35.A.pity B.advantage C.return D.affection【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。这篇文章主要讲述了俄罗斯女教师GulnaraTolmacheva的故事。她从小就对中国文化感兴趣，最终在新疆的克拉玛依实现了自己成为教师的梦想。她受到了当地人的友善和温暖的款待，决定更加努力地激励自己的学生。〖答案〗21.C22.D23.A24.B25.A26.C27.D28.B29.D30.B31.C32.A33.B34.A35.D21．〖解析〗考查动词短语辨析。句意：她在远离新西伯利亚家的新疆克拉玛依安顿下来，实现了自己的梦想。A.fallenbehind落后；B.blownup炸毁；C.settleddown安定下来；D.keptaway远离。根据下文“realizedherdreaminKaramay,aChinesecityinXinjiangfarawayfromherhomeinNovosibirsk.”可知，她在新疆克拉玛依安顿下来，还实现了自己的梦想，故选C项。22．〖解析〗考查动词词义辨析。句意：现在，她住在新疆，在当地一所大学教俄语。A.masters硕士；B.quits退出；C.learns学习；D.teaches教书。根据上文“whohasalwayswantedtobeatutor”及下文“Russianinalocaluniversity”可知，她一直想成为教师，如今在当地一所大学教俄语，故选D项。23．〖解析〗考查短语辨析。句意：尽管托尔马切娃在童年时期对中国文化很感兴趣，但直到2009年才访问中国。A.Inspiteof尽管；B.Incaseof万一；C.Intermsof在……方面；D.Inplaceof代替。根据下文“havinginterestintheChinesecultureduringherchildhood,Tolmachevadidn’t________Chinauntil2009”可知，托尔马切娃在童年使其就对中国文化感兴趣，但是直到2009年才来到中国，表示转折，故选A项。24．〖解析〗考查动词词义辨析。句意：尽管托尔马切娃在童年时期对中国文化很感兴趣，但直到2009年才访问中国。A.choose选择；B.visit拜访；C.expect期待；D.admire欣赏，钦佩。根据“Tolmachevadidn’t________Chinauntil2009”可知，托尔马切娃在童年使其就对中国文化感兴趣，但是直到2009年才来到中国，故选B项。25．〖解析〗考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这座充满活力、文化多元的城市给她留下了深刻的印象，她于2013年选择在乌鲁木齐学习中文。A.Impressed印象深刻的；B.Confused困惑的；C.Frightened吓坏了；D.Annoyed恼火。根据上文“Shewasespeciallysurprisedat”可知，她对这座充满活力、多元文化的城市印象深刻，故选A项。26．〖解析〗考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这座充满活力、文化多元的城市给她留下了深刻的印象，她于2013年选择在乌鲁木齐学习中文。A.single单，一；B.minor小的；C.diverse多样化的；D.fals的e假。根据上文“differentethnicgroupsweregettingalonginXinjiang”可知，这座城市是多元文化的，故选C项。27．〖解析〗考查动词词义辨析。句意：托尔马切娃和她的家人在获得工作机会后于2019年搬到了克拉玛依。A.attended出席；B.contributed贡献；C.objected反对；D.moved搬，感动。根据“Tolmachevaandherfamily________toKaramayin2019”可知，在她获得工作机会后，她和家人搬到了克拉玛依，故选D项。28．〖解析〗考查副词词义辨析。句意：以前她对这座城市知之甚少，但现在她认为克拉玛依是她的第二故乡。A.gratefully感激；B.previously以前；C.gradually逐渐；D.currently现在。根据上文“Littledidsheknowaboutthecity”可知，是她以前对这座城市知之甚少，故选B项。29．〖解析〗考查名词词义辨析。句意：她对这座城市知之甚少，但现在她认为克拉玛依是她的第二故乡。A.destination目的地；B.entrance入口；C.barrier障碍；D.hometown家乡。根据上文“Tolmachevaandherfamily________toKaramay”及“butnowsheconsidersKaramayashersecond”可知，她现在是把克拉玛依当成了第二故乡，故选D项。30．〖解析〗考查名词词义辨析。句意：“我学生和同事的友谊和陪伴让我有宾至如归的感觉，”她回忆道。A.promotion促销；B.company陪伴；C.absence缺席；D.criticism批评。根据下文“mystudentsandcolleaguesmademefeelathome”可知，学生和同事的陪伴让她有了家的感觉，故选B项。31．〖解析〗考查动词词义辨析。句意：“我的学生和同事的友谊和陪伴让我有宾至如归的感觉，”她回忆道。A.recommended推荐；B.promised答应；C.recalled回忆；D.apologized道歉。根据下文“Sheaddedthat”可知，她是在回忆，故选C项。32．〖解析〗考查动词词义辨析。句意：托尔马切娃被周围人的善良和温暖所感动，她决定更加努力地激励她的学生。A.touched感动；B.discouraged气馁；C.limited有限；D.recognized认可。根据下文“hekindnessandwarmthofthosearoundher,andshedecidedtoworkevenhardertomotivateherstudents.”可知，她是被善良和温暖感动了，故选A项。33．〖解析〗考查名词词义辨析。句意：语言环境很重要。A.family家庭；B.language语言；C.career事业；D.accommodation膳宿。根据下文“SoItriedmybesttoteachthemRussiansongsandorganizeshortplaysduringcourses”可知，她经努力去教俄语歌曲，并组织短剧是为了创造一个语言环境，故选B项。34．〖解析〗考查形容词词义辨析。句意：托尔马切娃实现了在新疆学习汉语的梦想，现在她正热衷于完成博士学位，并计划编写一些俄语教科书。A.enthusiastic热情的；B.modest谦虚的；C.particular尤其，特别的；D.sensitive敏感的。根据下文“finishingherdoctoraldegreeandisplanningtowritesomeRussiantextbooks.”可知，她对于编写俄语教科书和完成博士学位是富有热情的，beenthusiasticabout为固定短语，表示“对……充满热情”，故选A项。35．〖解析〗考查名词词义辨析。句意：她确实非常热爱自己的工作。A.pity可惜；B.advantage优势；C.return返回；D.affection热爱。根据上文“shedecidedtoworkevenhardertomotivateherstudents”和“teachthemRussiansongsandorganizeshortplaysduringcourses”及“planningtowritesomeRussiantextbooks”可知，她对工作是很热爱的，故选D项。第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。DoyouknowanythingaboutStartofAutumn,the13thtraditionalChinesesolarterm?Herearesometraditionsandfactsaboutit.AlthoughStartofAutumnoften____36____(indicate)thebeginningofautumn,hotweatherwillnotcometo____37____end.TheperiodofhotdaysafterStartofAutumn,usually____38____(last)for30days,iscalled“AutumnTiger”or“IndianSummer”.Becauseofdecreasingprecipitation,itiseven____39____(hot)duringthisperiodthanduringMajorHeat.OnthefirstdayofStartofAutumn,peoplewillweigh____40____(they)andcomparetheirweighttowhatitwasatStartofSummer.Ifonehaslostweightduringthesummer,thensheorhecangainweight____41____eatingvariouskindsofdeliciousfood,especiallymeat.StartofAutumnisan____42____(extreme)bigsolartermforfarmers.Itishightime____43____(gather)crops.Asasayinggoes,“IfitrainsonthedayofStartofAutumn,agoodharvestisexpected.”InHangzhou,peopleeatpeachesontheday.Thepeachstones(桃核)can____44____(keep)untilNewYear’sEveandthrownintothestovetoburntoashes.InShandongProvince,peoplemakedumplingsduringStartofAutumn,____45____means“EatingtheA