山东省德州市、烟台市2022-2023学年高一上学期期中考试英语试题（解析版）

高级中学名校试卷PAGEPAGE1山东省德州市、烟台市2022-2023学年高一上学期期中考试英语试题第一部分听力(共两节,满分30分)第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分,满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后,你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.Wheredoestheconversationtakeplace?A.Ataclothingstore.B.Atapostoffice.C.Atalibrary.2.Whydoesthewomanstudycomputerscience?A.Itisusedalot.B.Itimprovesherstudy.C.Ithelpshertofindajob.3.Whatdoesthemansuggestthewomando?A.Makeagoodimpressiononothers.B.Makephonecallstothecustomers.C.Payspecialattentiontoofficecalls.4.Whatdoesthewomanmean?A.Theactorhasrichexperience.B.Themoviewillwinanaward.C.Shedoesn’tliketheactorreally.5.Whatistheconversationmainlyabout?A.Robinson’slifeonanisland.B.Thenaturalresourcesofanisland.C.Imaginationaboutthelifeonanisland.第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分,满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个.选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前,你将有时间阅读各个小题,每小题5秒钟;听完后,各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料,回答第6.7题。6.Whendoestheconversationtakeplace?A.Attheendoftheterm.B.Inthemiddleoftheterm.C.Atthebeginningoftheterm.7.Whatdoesthewomanthinkofthetextbook?A.Boring.B.Easy.C.Interesting.听第7段材料,回答第8、9题。8.Howdoesthewomanoftengotowork?A.Bycar.B.Bybike.C.Bybus.9.WhydoesthewomanworryaboutthetraintoLondon?A.Itrunsveryslowly.B.Itendsearlyatnight.C.Itdoesn’trunonweekends.听第8段材料,回答第10至12题。10.Whyisthemaninterestedinthistopic?A.Hecanstudythefacilities.B.Hemaydoanexperimentlater.C.Hewantstoworkinplantscience.11.What’stheadvantageoftheexperiment?A.Itdoesn’tneedanyfacilities.B.ItcanbecarriedOutwithoutalab.C.Itcanbecompletedinashortertime.12.Whatwillthespeakerscheckwiththeirteacher?A.Whethertheiraimisproper.B.Whetheranyoneelsehaschosenthistopic.C.Whethertheexperimentwillaffecttheirmark.听第9段材料,回答第13至16题。13.Whatissaidaboutthemeeting?A.Itwilllastabouttwodays.B.Itwillbeheldonweekdays.C.Morethan60peoplewillattend.14.Whenwillthemeetingbeheld?A.OnJanuary21st.B.OnJanuary28th.C.OnFebruary4th.15.Whereisthehotel?A.Itisveryclosetotheairport.B.Itis12kilometersfromthedowntown.C.Itiswithinwalkingdistanceofarailwaystation.16.Whatisthewomangoingtodo?A.Introducethemealstheyprovide.B.Sendthemanacopyofthemenu.C.Tellthemanthepriceoftheirlunch.听第10段材料,回答第17至20题。17.Whatdoesthespeakersuggestthelistenersdo?A.Walkinthecountry.B.Skiattheirownspeed.C.Keepthemarkedtrails.18.Whatwillthelistenersdointheafternoon?A.WatchTV.B.Goskating.C.Enjoyicesculptures.19.Howmanypeopleareineachteamintheevent?A.2to4.B.4to6.C.2to6.20.Whatwillbeofferedtolistenersforfree?A.Wonderfulcookedmeals.B.Asupplyofdrinkingwater.C.Transportofvisitors’bags.第二部分阅读(共两节,满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。ATheworldisfullofbeautyineverycorner.Herearefourworld’stopbreathtakingandbeautifultravellingdestinations(目的地)foryoutopayavisitto.DominicaDominicaisknownas“natureisland”forareason.ThistinyCaribbeanstate,focusesonhotspringsandlong-distancewalkingintherainforestratherthanplayingonthebeach.BoilingLake,intheMorneTroisPitonsNationalPark,canbereachedbymountainouspaths,abodyofwaterthatiswellworthavisit.LakeBled,SloveniaLakeBledisoneofthelargestfreshwaterlakesonEarth.Atitscenterliesasmallisland,surroundedbydeepbluewater.It’snosurprisethatLakeBledhasdevelopedintooneofthehottestdestinationsinEuropeinrecentyears.Suitableforwalkinganddiving(潜水)adventures,thisisacornerofSloveniathatneedstobeexplored.Samburu,KenyaAsahard-to-reachplaceintheheartofKenya,Samburuprovidesaquietandsafeenvironment,whichisgoodenoughforsomeofAfrica’smostuniquewildlifetolivein.Therichgrasslandofitsnationalnatureprotectionareaishometotheendangeredgiraffe,aswellasthepioneeringElephantWatchCamp.Positano,ItalyLocatedonItaly’sAmalfiCoast,PositanoisoneofthemostbeautifulvillagesinEurope.Famousforitsspecialsmallgiftshopsandwatersiderestaurants,nottomentiontheByzantineChurch(教堂),itmakesfortheperfectsummergetaway.Fordivers,withitscolorfulplantsandfish,it’sareallyperfectplace.Makesuretoseeitsfullformbytakingaboatoutfromthebeachforexcellentsunsetviews.1.WhatcanatouristdoinDominica?A.Explorethenatureprotectionarea. B.Relaxthemselvesathotsprings.C.Goshoppingatthegiftshops. D.Walkonthegrasslandfreely.2.Whichisprobablythebestplaceifyou’reinterestedinAfricananimals?A.Dominica. B.LakeBled. C.Samburu. D.Positano.3.WhatdoLakeBledandPositanohaveincommon?A.Theyarebothrichinfreshwater. B.Theyarebothgreatplacestogodiving.C.Touristscanenjoythebeautifulsunset. D.Touristscanvisittheuniquelocalchurch.〖答案〗1.B2.C3.B【语篇解读】本文是一篇应用文，主要介绍的是四个世界上最令人惊叹和美丽的旅游目的地的相关信息。【1题详析】细节理解题。根据Dominica部分的“ThistinyCaribbeanstate,focusesonhotspringsandlong-distancewalkingintherainforestratherthanplayingonthebeach.(这个加勒比海小国的特色是温泉和热带雨林中的长距离散步，而不是在海滩上玩耍。)”可知，游客在Dominica可以泡温泉放松自己。故选B。【2题详析】细节理解题。根据Samburu,Kenya部分的“whichisgoodenoughforsomeofAfrica’smostuniquewildlifetolivein.Therichgrasslandofitsnationalnatureprotectionareaishometotheendangeredgiraffe,aswellasthepioneeringElephantWatchCamp.(这足以让非洲一些最独特的野生动物生活在其中。国家级自然保护区丰富的草原是濒危长颈鹿的家园，也是ElephantWatchCamp的所在地。)”可知，如果你对非洲动物感兴趣，Samburu是最好的地方，故选C。【3题详析】细节理解题。根据LakeBled,Slovenia部分的“Suitableforwalkinganddivingadventures,thisisacornerofSloveniathatneedstobeexplored.(适合步行和潜水冒险，这是Slovenia的一个角落，需要探索。)”和Positano,Italy部分的“Fordivers,withitscolorfulplantsandfish,it’sareallyperfectplace.(对潜水者来说，这里有五颜六色的植物和鱼类，真是个完美的地方。)”可知，LakeBled和Positano都是潜水的好地方，故选B。B“Luckily,Ihavesomeoutsidespaceonmybalcony(阳台).IlovesurprisingmyselfwithwhatIcansuccessfullygrowthere.Itisanotso-secrettrick:goingvertical(垂直),”saidSong,acollegestudentfromShandongProvince,wheninterviewedbyalocalmedia.Accordingtoarecentreport,thesalesofvegetableseedsonlineinthefirstquarterdoubledcomparedwiththesameperiodlastyear.SalesofproductslikegardeningtoolshaveincreasedbythreetimessinceApriloflastyear.Outofallthepeoplebuyingfarmingtoolsandseeds,mostwerebornafter2000,likeSong.Song,ayoung“balconyfarmer”,saidhispassionforplantingwasformedinhischildhoodwhenhelivedwithhisgrandmainthecountryside,wholikedtoplantseasonalvegetablesinherbackyardgarden.Now,Songlivesinthecitywithoutayard,buthecontinueshishobbywithabalconygarden.“Growingfruitsandvegetablesnotonlybringsdeliciousfood,butalsoremindsmeofthehappytimeswithmygrandma,”saidSong.Songisnotalone.FangHua,fromacomputercompany,considersplantingagardenagoodwaytorelaxanddeveloppatience.Bearingmanyworkingresponsibilities,the26-yearoldgirlsometimesfeelsstressful.Torelaxherself,shestartedplantingseedsandwaitedpatientlyonherbalconyin2021.Afterhalfayear,herbalconyhasbecomea“smallgarden”,includingdifferentflowersandherds.“Ineedaspacetoescapefrommydailyduties,”Fangsaid,seeingthevariouscolorsandbreathingfreshair.“Ifeelclosertonatureonmybalcony.”Thevegetablesandherbsmaynotbemainfoodsonourtable,buttheywillsurelyaddatouchoftastetoourbusydays.TheyouthlikeSongandFangbelievebeingacityfarmermeansalottotheirlife.Infact,theyoungpeopleoftheneweraseemtoknowlifebetterthantheirparents.4.Whatcanweknowfromparagraph2?A.Thecostofgardeningtoolshasrisennow.B.Balconyfarmingisdifficultformostpeople.C.Moreflowersandvegetablesaresoldonline.D.Manyyoungpeoplebecomeinterestedinfarming.5.WhatinspiredSongtostartfarmingonhisbalcony?A.Hislearningstress. B.Hisgoodtasteforfood.C.Hishousewithabigbalcony. D.Hisexperiencewithhisgrandma.6.WhydoestheauthormentionFang’sstory?A.Toshowasimilarexample. B.Togivemoreadvice.C.Topresentanotherfact. D.Toexplainaproblem.7.What’sthemostpositiveresultthe“smallgarden”bringstoFang?A.Healthyeatinghabits. B.Extramoney.C.Improvinggardeningskills. D.Gettingrelaxed.〖答案〗4.D5.D6.A7.D【语篇解读】本文是一篇新闻报道，主要讲的是年轻人在阳台种植的这种流行趋势。【4题详析】细节理解题。根据第二段的“Accordingtoarecentreport,thesalesofvegetableseedsonlineinthefirstquarterdoubledcomparedwiththesameperiodlastyear.SalesofproductslikegardeningtoolshaveincreasedbythreetimessinceApriloflastyear.Outofallthepeoplebuyingfarmingtoolsandseeds,mostwerebornafter2000,likeSong.(根据最近的一份报告，今年第一季度蔬菜种子的网上销售额比去年同期翻了一番。自去年4月以来，园艺工具等产品的销量增长了三倍。在所有购买农具和种子的人中，像宋某一样的大部分是00后。)”可知，从第二段我们能知道许多年轻人对农业产生了兴趣。故选D。【5题详析】细节理解题。根据第三段的“hispassionforplantingwasformedinhischildhoodwhenhelivedwithhisgrandmainthecountryside(他对种植的热爱是在他小时候和奶奶住在乡下时形成的)”可知，激励宋开始在阳台上种植的是他和他奶奶的经历。故选D。【6题详析】推理判断题。根据第四段的“Songisnotalone.FangHua,fromacomputercompany,considersplantingagardenagoodwaytorelaxanddeveloppatience.(宋并不是个例。来自一家电脑公司的FangHua认为，种植花园是一种放松和培养耐心的好方法。)”可知，作者提到方的故事是为了举一个类似的例子，故选A。【7题详析】推理判断题。根据倒数第三段的“Bearingmanyworkingresponsibilities,the26-yearoldgirlsometimesfeelsstressful.Torelaxherself,shestartedplantingseedsandwaitedpatientlyonherbalconyin2021.(由于承担了许多工作责任，这个26岁的女孩有时感到压力很大。为了放松自己，她从2021年开始在阳台上播种，并耐心等待。)”可知，“小花园”给方带来的最积极的结果是得到放松。故选D。CMargaretisafamousclimateactivist(气候活动家).Whenshewasthirty-twoyearsold,shecreatedanEgyptiancharityorganizationcalledtheGreenGenerationInitiative(倡议),whichhasbeenplantingtreesandcounteringtheactsofcuttingdowntheforestsatwillandclimatechangeintheNorthAfricannationsince2013.GGI’sprimaryfocusisondevelopingyoungclimateactiviststhroughenvironmentaleducationinschoolsandaddressingfoodunsafetyintheareathroughplantingfruittrees.Over120,000treeshavebeenplantedinEgyptsinceGGI’sstartandtheyhaverecordedasurvivalrateofover90percent,whilethousandsofschoolchildrenhavechosentoplanttreestomakesurethattheylearntheimportanceofactingasaguardianoverthehealthoftheenvironment.SpeakingtoworldleadersattheUnitedNationsClimateChangeConferenceinGlasgow,Margaretissuedawarningontheharmofclimatechange,“Over1millionofmyfellowEgyptiansarefacingclimaterelatedhunger.In2024,halfoftheworld’spopulationwillbeshortofwater.By2030,theclimateproblemwillmakeabout50millionpeopleinSub-SaharanAfricahomeless.”Margaretadded,“IhavebeendoingwhatIcan.IwasinspiredbythegreatMaathai,whocalledonthousandsofwomenandmentoplanttensofmillionsoftreesthroughoutKenya.Herapproachwaspracticalanddeeplyecological(生态的).ShewasthefirstAfricanwomantowintheNobelPeacePrize.IstartedatreegrowinginitiativethatraisedtheawarenessoffoodsafetyforyoungEgyptians.Sofar,wehavegrown30,000fruittrees,providingbadlyneededfoodforthousandsofchildren.WearetheadultsontheEarthrightnow,anditisourresponsibilitytoensurethatthechildrenhavefoodandwater.”8.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“countering”inparagraphlmean?A.Tryingout. B.Worryingabout.C.Passingon. D.Fightingagainst.9.WhatisapurposeoftheGreenGenerationInitiative?A.Toplantusefulfruittreesatschool. B.Toincreasethesurvivalrateoftrees.C.TodealwithfoodunsafetyinEgypt. D.Toraiseenoughmoneyforacharity.10.Whatdothenumbersinparagraph4illustrate?A.Thegreatwasteofwaterresources.B.Theseriousimpactofclimatechange.C.Thebadresultsofpeople’sgoinghungry.D.Therapidgrowthoftheworldpopulation.11.WhatdoesMargaretsuggestinthelastparagraph?A.WorkingfortheNobelPrize. B.ExpressingthankstoMaathai.C.Beingresponsibleforthefuture. D.Makingmorechildreneducated.〖答案〗8.D9.C10.B11.C【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了著名气候活动家玛格丽特创建了一个名为“绿色一代倡议”的慈善组织。【8题详析】词句猜测题。根据划线词前半句“Whenshewasthirty-twoyearsold,shecreatedanEgyptiancharityorganizationcalledtheGreenGenerationInitiative(倡议),whichhasbeenplantingtrees(32岁时，她创建了一个名为“绿色一代倡议”的埃及慈善组织，该组织一直在植树造林，)”可知，该组织反对随意砍伐森林的行为。所以countering为“反对”之意。故选D。【9题详析】细节理解题。根据第二段“GGI’sprimaryfocusisondevelopingyoungclimateactiviststhroughenvironmentaleducationinschoolsandaddressingfoodunsafetyintheareathroughplantingfruittrees.(GGI的主要重点是通过学校的环境教育培养年轻的气候活动家，并通过种植果树解决该地区的食品不安全问题。)”可知，“绿色一代计划”的目的是解决埃及的食品不安全问题。故选C。【10题详析】推理判断题。根据第四段“SpeakingtoworldleadersattheUnitedNationsClimateChangeConferenceinGlasgow,Margaretissuedawarningontheharmofclimatechange,“Over1millionofmyfellowEgyptiansarefacingclimaterelatedhunger.In2024,halfoftheworld’spopulationwillbeshortofwater.By2030,theclimateproblemwillmakeabout50millionpeopleinSub-SaharanAfricahomeless.”(在格拉斯哥举行的联合国气候变化会议上，玛格丽特对世界各国领导人发出了气候变化危害的警告，“我的100多万埃及同胞正面临与气候有关的饥饿。到2024年，世界上一半的人口将缺水。到2030年，气候问题将使撒哈拉以南非洲约5000万人无家可归。”)”可推断，本段中的数字说明了气候变化的严重影响。故选B。【11题详析】细节理解题。根据最后一段“WearetheadultsontheEarthrightnow,anditisourresponsibilitytoensurethatthechildrenhavefoodandwater.(我们现在是地球上的成年人，我们有责任确保孩子们有食物和水。)”可知，玛格丽特在最后一段中提出了对未来负责的建议。故选C。DThewayyouuseyourcellphonesaroundyourfamilycanhaveaneffectonyourrelationships.Cellphonescanmakeyoufeelmoreconnected,buttheycanalsodistract(使分心)youandyourfamilyfromconnectingwitheachotherinperson.Whilesomepeopleneedtochecktheirphonesforworkoremergency(紧急情况)purposes,it’simportanttomakemeaningfulconnectionsthroughfacetofacecommunication.Somepeoplehavetroubleputtingawaytheircellphones.Theymightfeeltheycan’tcontrolhowoftentheypickuptheirphonesorhowlongtheyusethem.Theymightfeeltheneedtooftencheckphoneswithoutarealreasonorfeelupsetiftheydon’thaveanopportunitytousetheirphones.Usingcellphonesforworkpurposesduringfamilytimecanincreaseworriesandunhappinessamongfamilymembers.Whileusingtheircellphones,parentstalktotheirkidsless,replymoreslowly,andoverreacttobeinginterrupted.Andignoringtheirpartnerwhileonthephoneislinkedtolowerrelationshipsatisfactionamongcouples.Onceyou’vegivensomethoughttoyourowncellphoneuse,thinkabouttherulesyouwantyourfamilytofollowwhenyou’retogether.Togetyourfamilyonthesamepage,callafamilymeeting.Revieweachperson’scurrentcellphoneuseandareaswhereyouthinksomechangesmighthelp.It’snotjustaboutsimplycuttingcellphoneusedown.Instead,considerwhatyou’reusingyourphoneforandwhatactivitiesyouwanttocarryout.Forexample,areyouoryourchildrenusingphonestostayconnected,learnsomethingnew,doschoolwork,ordosomethingelse?Ifyouhavekids,asktheiropinionsonyourownphoneuse.Youmightbesurprisedbywhattheyhavetoshare.Usegoodcommunicationskillsbypracticingactivelisteningandshowingcuriosityaboutwhateachfamilymemberhastosay.Lessphoneusealsousuallymeanslessscreentime,whichenableskidstospendmoretimeoutdoorsandbemorephysicallyactive.Whenteensspendmoretimeactivelywiththeirparents,theytendtosethighereducationalgoals.12.What’sthefirstparagraphmainlyabout?A.Familymembers’connections. B.Cellphones’newchallengesathome.C.Onedisadvantageofthecellphones. D.People’sstayingawayfromcellphones.13.Howdosomepeoplefeelwhentheyhavenophoneathand?A.Uneasy. B.Uncertain. C.Curious. D.Homesick.14.Whyshouldafamilymeetingbeheld?A.Tocarryoutactivities. B.Toreachanagreement.C.Tosharethelatestnews. D.Tosetanexampletoothers.15.Whatcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.AreCellphonesInfluencingFamilyTime?B.AreMobilePhonesChangingPeople’sLife?C.HowCanPeopleGetAlongwithTheirParents?D.HowDoChildrenSetRightEducationalGoals?〖答案〗12.C13.A14.B15.A【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是过度使用手机对家庭关系的不良影响和如何解决这个问题。【12题详析】主旨大意题。根据第一段的“Thewayyouuseyourcellphonesaroundyourfamilycanhaveaneffectonyourrelationships.Cellphonescanmakeyoufeelmoreconnected,buttheycanalsodistract(使分心)youandyourfamilyfromconnectingwitheachotherinperson.(你在家人身边使用手机的方式会对你的人际关系产生影响。手机可以让你感觉联系更紧密，但它们也会分散你和家人面对面交流的注意力。)”可知，第一段主要是关于手机的一个缺点。故选C。【13题详析】推理判断题。根据第二段的“Theymightfeeltheneedtooftencheckphoneswithoutarealreasonorfeelupsetiftheydon’thaveanopportunitytousetheirphones.(他们可能会觉得有必要经常在没有真正理由的情况下查看手机，或者如果他们没有机会使用手机就会感到不安。)”可知，有些人在手边没有手机时感到不安，故选A。【14题详析】推理判断题。根据第三段的“Togetyourfamilyonthesamepage,callafamilymeeting.(为了让你的家人达成一致，召集一次家庭会议。)”可知，召集家庭会议是为了要达成一致。故选B。【15题详析】主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第一段的“Thewayyouuseyourcellphonesaroundyourfamilycanhaveaneffectonyourrelationships.Cellphonescanmakeyoufeelmoreconnected,buttheycanalsodistract(使分心)youandyourfamilyfromconnectingwitheachotherinperson.(你在家人身边使用手机的方式会对你的人际关系产生影响。手机可以让你感觉联系更紧密，但它们也会分散你和家人面对面交流的注意力。)”可知，本文主要讲的是过度使用手机对家庭关系的不良影响和如何解决这个问题，因此最好的题目是A选项“AreCellphonesInfluencingFamilyTime?(手机影响家庭时间了吗？)”，故选A。第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分,满分12.5分)阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。TheSurprisingBenefits(益处)ofPetsNowadays,moreandmorepeopleliketokeeppets,suchasdogs,catsandsoon.____16____Herearethefourreasonswhyyourpetisworthanextratreattoday.KeepyouactiveWalkingyourpetfor2.5hoursaweeknotonlybenefitsyourqualityoflifebutcanalsocutyourchancesofdevelopingseriousillnesses.____17____Accordingtoasurveyof6,500people,dogownersweremorelikelytoreporthavinganeasiertimefallingasleepatnightthannon-dogowners.Betteryourimmunesystem(免疫系统)Researchshowsthatchildrenwholivewithpetsfrombirthhavelowerratesofallergies(过敏反应),andthemoreanimalsinthehouse,thegreatertheprotection.Kidswithfourormorecatsordogshavehalftherateofallergiesasnon-petowners.____18____LoweryourriskofheartattackResearcherstracked4,000peopleforovertenyearsandfoundthatpetownershada30percentlowerriskofdyingofheartattack.That’sbecausekeepingapetlowersaperson’sheartrate.____19____Infact,someresearchhasshownthatpetownersaremuchmorelikelytosurviveaheartattackcomparedtonon-dogowners.____20____WhenMargie,40,leftherjobasateacherin2019,shewassufferingfromanxiety.Luckily,Margieandherhusband,decidedtokeepadog.“Wethoughthavingadogwouldgiveussomethingtodowhilewe’reathome,andshehasjustchangedourlives,”shesays.“Ifeelsohappybyherjoy,energyandlove.I’veeventoldmydoctorIdontthinkIneedmymedicalserviceanymore.”A.Improveyourmentalhealth.B.Developyourfamilyrelationship.C.Keepingpetscanhelpyoutakemoreexercise.D.Therefore,petownersaremorelikelytohaveahealthyheart.E.Besides,moreexerciseduringthedayalsoseemstobringbetternights.F.Thenon-humanmembersofyourfamilyhelpyouinmorewaysthanyouknow.G.Eveninadulthood,researchsuggestspetsmayhaveapositiveeffectonourbodies.〖答案〗16.F17.E18.G19.D20.A【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了养宠物的好处。【16题详析】根据下文“Herearethefourreasonswhyyourpetisworthanextratreattoday.(以下是你的宠物今天值得额外款待的四个原因)”可知，下文介绍了宠物值得款待。由此推知，宠物对人类是有益的。F项“Thenon-humanmembersofyourfamilyhelpyouinmorewaysthanyouknow.(你家庭中的非人类成员以比你所知道的更多的方式帮助你)”符合题意。故选F。【17题详析】根据上文“Walkingyourpetfor2.5hoursaweeknotonlybenefitsyourqualityoflifebutcanalsocutyourchancesofdevelopingseriousillnesses.(每周陪伴宠物2.5小时不仅有助于提高生活质量，还可以减少患严重疾病的几率)”以及下文“Accordingtoasurveyof6,500people,dogownersweremorelikelytoreporthavinganeasiertimefallingasleepatnightthannon-dogowners.(根据一项对6500人的调查，狗主人比非狗主人更容易在晚上入睡)”可知，上介绍了陪伴宠物可以提高生活质量，减少患严重疾病的几率，下文介绍狗主人更容易入睡。由此推知，空处内容应承上启下，指出陪伴宠物可以增加锻炼量，进而有助于晚上的睡眠。E项“Besides,moreexerciseduringthedayalsoseemstobringbetternights.(此外，白天多运动似乎也能带来更好的夜晚)”符合题意。故选E。【18题详析】空处位于段末，应承接上文。根据上文“Researchshowsthatchildrenwholivewithpetsfrombirthhavelowerratesofallergies(过敏反应),andthemoreanimalsinthehouse,thegreatertheprotection.Kidswithfourormorecatsordogshavehalftherateofallergiesasnon-petowners.(研究表明，一出生就与宠物生活在一起的儿童过敏率较低，家里的动物越多，保护作用越大。有四只或四只以上猫或狗的孩子过敏率是非宠物主人的一半)”可知，研究表明宠物可以帮助小孩减少过敏。由此推知，空处陈述宠物还对成人的健康有好处。G项“Eveninadulthood,researchsuggestspetsmayhaveapositiveeffectonourbodies.(研究表明，即使在成年后，宠物也可能对我们的身体产生积极影响)”符合题意，且符合本段主旨。故选G。【19题详析】根据上文“Researcherstracked4,000peopleforovertenyearsandfoundthatpetownershada30percentlowerriskofdyingofheartattack.That’sbecausekeepingapetlowersaperson’sheartrate.(研究人员对4000人进行了十年多的跟踪调查，发现宠物主人死于心脏病的风险降低了30%。这是因为养宠物会降低人的心率)”可知，宠物有助于降低人的心率，由此可知，宠物主人患心脏疾病的几率更小。D项“Therefore,petownersaremorelikelytohaveahealthyheart.(因此，宠物主人更有可能拥有健康的心脏)”符合题意。故选D。【20题详析】空处为本段小标题。根据下文“WhenMargie,40,leftherjobasateacherin2019,shewassufferingfromanxiety.Luckily,Margieandherhusband,decidedtokeepadog.“Wethoughthavingadogwouldgiveussomethingtodowhilewe’reathome,andshehasjustchangedourlives,”shesays.“Ifeelsohappybyherjoy,energyandlove.I’veeventoldmydoctorIdontthinkIneedmymedicalserviceanymore.”(当40岁的玛吉在2019年离开教师工作时，她正饱受焦虑之苦。幸运的是，玛吉和她的丈夫决定养一条狗。她说：“我们以为在家里养只狗会让我们有事可做，而她刚刚改变了我们的生活。”“她的快乐、活力和爱让我感到非常开心。我甚至告诉我的医生，我认为我不再需要医疗服务了。”)”可知，宠物有助于人们的心理健康。A项“Improveyourmentalhealth.(改善你的精神健康)”可以作为本段小标题。故选A。第三部分语言运用(共两节,满分30分)第一节(共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分)阅读下面短文,从每题所给的A.B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。JenniferwasawaitressattheBigCheese,andshewasasinglemomtoa16-year-olddaughterMaryand3-year-oldsonJack.Lifewas____21____forhertomakemoneyandtakecareofherchildren.____22____,allthepeopleworkingattheBigCheesewerejustlikeabigfamilyandtheytriedto____23____oneanotheranddidwhat’sbestforeachother.Everyoneworkedhardtomaketherestaurant’sdaily____24____gosmoothly.Jenniferwasofferedaflexible(灵活的)scheduleattheBigCheese.Jackcouldn’tbearoundsickkidsatdaycare.Jenniferhadtotaketimeoffworkwhenshecouldn’tfindasitter(临时保姆).Theygaveheranothershift(轮班)tomakeupfortheoneshe____25____.Theywerereally____26____.OneFridaymorning,Jenniferwas____27____togoinforworktoopentherestaurantat11.ButshefailedtofindasitterforJack,whichreallymadeherfeel____28____.However,themanagerallowedhertowaituntilMarywas____29____afterschool.Aftercomingintowork,Jenniferwasabouttohaveherwholedayturnedaroundinthebestway.Ahusbandandwifethatjust____30____somesandwichesweresokindandleftJennifera$200tipwith____31____,whichwasgreathelpforherandshewasdeeply____32____.Thatismorethanmoney.It’sjusttrue____33____.Sometimes,whensomeone____34____difficultiesintheirlife,asmallactcanmakea____35____andgoalongway.21.A.difficult B.meaningless C.hopeful D.comfortable22.A.Naturally B.Suddenly C.Finally D.Luckily23.A.makefunof B.lookoutfor C.takepridein D.catchupwith24.A.behavior B.expectation C.business D.experiment25.A.missed B.forgot C.finished D.considered26.A.strict B.honest C.patient D.helpful27.A.forced B.invited C.scheduled D.warned28.A.strange B.peaceful C.terrible D.ordinary29.A.alone B.free C.safe D.absent30.A.ordered B.cooked C.offered D.posted31.A.confidence B.generosity C.trouble D.interest32.A.excited B.worried C.bored D.moved33.A.kindness B.politeness C.challenge D.courage34.A.getsover B.keepsoff C.goesthrough D.dependson35.A.comment B.difference C.choice D.decision〖答案〗21.A22.D23.B24.C25.A26.D27.C28.C29.B30.A31.B32.D33.A34.C35.B【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲的是单亲妈妈Jennifer既要赚钱又要照顾孩子，生活很艰难，但是她的同事给她提供了很多的帮助，作者感悟到当一个人在生活中遇到困难时，其他人一个小小的举动就能带来改变，大有帮助。【21题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她既要赚钱又要照顾孩子，生活很困难。A.difficult困难的；B.meaningless无意义的；C.hopeful有希望的；D.comfortable舒服的。根据下文“forhertomakemoneyandtakecareofherchildren”可知，她既要赚钱又要照顾孩子，生活很困难。故选A。【22题详析】考查副词词义辨析。句意：幸运的是，在BigCheese工作的所有人就像一个大家庭，他们努力互相照顾，为彼此做最好的事情。A.Naturally自然地；B.Suddenly突然；C.Finally最后；D.Luckily幸运的是。根据下文“didwhat’sbestforeachother”可知，所有一起工作的人守望相助，这是幸运的。故选D。【23题详析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：幸运的是，在BigCheese工作的所有人就像一个大家庭，他们努力互相照顾，为彼此做最好的事情。A.makefunof取笑；B.lookoutfor为……着想；C.takepridein以……为傲；D.catchupwith赶上。根据下文“anddidwhat’sbestforeachother”可知，在BigCheese工作的所有人就像一个大家庭，他们努力互相照顾，为彼此做最好的事情，空格处意为“为……着想”。故选B。【24题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：每个人都努力工作，使餐厅的日常业务顺利进行。A.behavior行为；B.expectation期望；C.business业务；D.experiment实验。根据下文“gosmoothly”可知，每个人都努力工作，使餐厅的日常业务顺利进行。故选C。【25题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们给了她另一个班次，以弥补她错过的一班。A.missed错过；B.forgot忘记；C.finished完成；D.considered考虑。根据上文“makeupfor”可知，他们给了她另一个班次，以弥补她错过的一班。故选A。【26题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他们真的很有帮助。A.strict严格的；B.honest诚实的；C.patient耐心的；D.helpful有帮助的。根据上文“Theygaveheranothershift(轮班)tomakeupfortheone”可知，他们对她真的很有帮助。故选D。【27题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：一个周五的早上，詹妮弗被安排在11点去餐厅上班。A.forced强迫；B.invited邀请；C.scheduled安排；D.warned警告。根据上文“Jenniferwasofferedaflexible(灵活的)schedule”可知，詹妮弗被安排在11点去餐厅上班。故选C。【28题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但是她没能给杰克找个保姆，这让她很难过。A.strange奇怪的；B.peaceful平静的；C.terrible令人极不快的；D.ordinary普通的。根据上文“ButshefailedtofindasitterforJack”可知，这让她很难过。故选C。【29题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然而，经理允许她等到玛丽放学后有空。A.alone独自的；B.free有空的；C.safe安全的；D.absent缺席的。根据下文“afterschool”可知，经理允许她等到玛丽放学后有空。故选B。【30题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：一对夫妇刚刚点了一些三明治，他们非常慷慨地给Jennifer留下了200美元的小费，这对Jennifer来说是很大的帮助，她被深深地感动了。A.ordered点餐；B.cooked烹饪；C.offered提供；D.posted张贴。根据下文“somesandwiches”可知，此处表示“一对夫妇刚刚点了一些三明治”。故选A。【31题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：一对夫妇刚刚点了一些三明治，他们非常慷慨地给Jennifer留下了200美元的小费，这对Jennifer来说是很大的帮助，她被深深地感动了。A.confidence自信；B.generosity慷慨；C.trouble麻烦；D.interest兴趣。根据上文“a$200tip”可知，那对夫妇很慷慨。故选B。【32题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：一对夫妇刚刚点了一些三明治，他们非常慷慨地给Jennifer留下了200美元的小费，这对Jennifer来说是很大的帮助，她被深深地感动了。A.excited激动的；B.worried担心的；C.bored无聊的；D.moved感动的。根据上文“greathelpforher”可知，那对夫妇对她的帮助很大，这让她感动。故选D。【33题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：这是真正的善良。A.kindness善良；B.politeness礼貌；C.ch