必修一Unit2 基础知识检测

Unit2

Englisharoundtheworld早读背诵模板类型：口头通知。典例：举行英语讲座的通知。模板：Boysandgirls，MayIhaveyourattention，please？TherewillbeanEnglishlecturetomorrowatRoom201，TeachingBuilding1.Mr.Wang，aprofessoratBeijingUniversity，isgoingtogiveusaspeechonwesternculture.ItisagoodchanceforustoknowthebackgroundknowledgeofEngland.Youmayhaveachancetoasksomequestionsyoucareabout.Thosewhoareinterestedinitarewelcome.That’sall，thankyou.基础盘点自测自评一、词汇记忆(一)单词拼写(写出英文单词或单词的汉语意思)1．____________vt.包含，包括2.____________['neItIv]

n.&adj.本地人；本国的，本地的includenative3.____________['elIveItə]n．电梯4.____________[flæt]n．&adj.(英〉公寓；平坦的5.____________n．〈美〉公寓住宅，单元住宅elevatorflatapartment6.____________['sʌbweI]

n．地下人行道，〈美〉地铁7.____________['petrəl]

n．(英)〈美〉(gasoline)汽油8.____________

n．用法，使用subwaypetrolusage9.____________['mɒdən]

adj.现代的，近代的10.____________[və'kæbjʊlərI]n．词汇，词汇量11.____________[aI'dentətI]

n.本身，身份modernvocabularyidentity12.____________['ɡrædʒuəl]adj.逐渐的，逐步的13.____________['lætə]adj.后面的；后半的14.official[ə'fIfl]adj.

________________graduallatter官方的，正式的15.base[beIs]vt.&n.__________________________16.block[blɒk]n.________________17．recognize['rekəɡnaIz]vt.________________以……为根据，基部街区，石块辨认出；承认18.fluentadj.________________19.expression[Ik'sprefn]n.________________20．straight[streIt]adv.&adj.________________流利的；流畅的表达；词语直接，笔直的21.accent['æksənt]n.________________22.commandn．&vt.________________23．spelling['spelIŋ]n.________________口音；腔调命令；指令拼写24．request[rI'kwest]n．&vt.________________25．frequentlyadv.________________请求；要求常常；频繁地(二)单词拓展(写出下列单词的变化形式)1．管理，统治v．____________；统治者n.____________；政府n.____________2．流利的adj.____________；流利地adv.____________；流利n．____________governgovernorgovernmentfluentfluentlyfluency3．表达v.____________；词语，表达，表情n.____________；富有表情的，有表现力的adj.____________4．丰富，富饶n.______________；富裕的adj.____________；富丽堂皇地adv.______________；使富裕，充实，改善v．____________expressexpressionexpressiverichnessrichrichlyenrich5．频繁的，常见的adj.______________；频繁地，常见地adv.____________；频率n.____________6．逐渐的adj.____________；逐渐地adv.____________frequentfrequentlyfrequencygradualgradually7．办公室n．____________；军官n.____________；官方的，正式的adj.____________；政府官员n.____________officeofficerofficialofficial[活学活用]用所给单词的适当形式完成句子。1．Itcanbe____________towriteashortsummaryafterreadingapassage，becauseitwillbeofgreat__________toyourwriting.(usage)usefuluse2．Thebandplayedmanysongs，____________someofmyfavorites.(include)3．Heisastrong____________andhe____________thewholenationwithanironhand.(government)includinggovernorgoverns4．He____________inhis____________speechthathewouldsupportusandthe____________onhisfacesuggestedthathemeantwhathesaid.(express)expressedexpressiveexpression5．Mr.Wang，ateacherwith____________experience，encouragedusto____________ourlifebyjoininginallkindsofactivitiesafterclass.(rich)richenrich6．Mr.Whitehastwosons.Oneisan____________inthearmy.Theotherisan____________ingovernmentdepartment.Theybothhavetheirown____________.Yesterday，theofficerofficerofficialofficeswas____________approvedthathecouldhavetwomonthsholidayandhesaidhewouldspendhisholidaywithhisoldfather.(office)officially二、翻译下列必背短语1．在……中起作用________________2．因为，由于

________________3．走近，上来，被提出

________________playa．..partinbecauseofcomeup4．例如

________________5.以……为基础

________________6.makeuseof ________________suchasbebasedon利用7.believeitornot ________________8．evenif/though________________9．bedifferentfrom________________信不信由你即使；尽管与……不同10．anumberof________________11.thenumberof ________________大量的，许多……的数目[活学活用]根据括号中的解释，从课文中找出恰当的短语完成下列句子。1．Manyquestions____________intoday’smathsclass，whichwasmorethanthenewteacherhadexpected.(tobementionedordiscussed)cameup2．I’mgoingtoseethedoctoranyway____________mysleeplessness.(onaccountof；byreasonof)3．Wildanimals____________tigersandpandasarebecomingrare.(like；forexample)becauseofsuchas4．EspeciallyinBrazil，theNegroeshave____________________________thedevelopmentofthenation.(makeacontributiontosth.；haveashareinsth.)5．____________everychanceyouhavetospeakEnglish.(useorbenefitfromsth.)playedanimportantpart/roleinMakeuseof6．Thetheory____________hislongresearchonthewildlife.(togiveareasonorstartpointin)7．Althoughtheyaretwinbrothers，they__________________eachotherinpersonality.(notthesame)wasbasedonaredifferentfrom8．Beforetherain，_______________antsaremovingtheirhomesfromalowerplacetoahigherone.(alotof；many)agreatnumberof三、用括号中所给词语翻译下列句子，然后用五句话将这些句子连成一篇短文。【连词成句】1．美国已成为世界上的超级强国之一，其作用显得比以往更重要。(superpower；playapart；thaneverbefore)____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________TheUnitedStateshasbecomeoneoftheworld’ssuperpowers，playingamoreimportantpartthaneverbefore.2．信不信由你，虽然美国英语以英国英语为基础，但是很多中国人选择学习美国英语。(bebasedon；prefertolearn)____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Believeitornot，althoughAmericanEnglishisbasedonBritishEnglish，moreChineseprefertolearnAmericanEnglish.3．目前，成千上万人为实现美国梦而学习美国英语。(atpresent；becauseof)____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Atpresent，millionsofpeopletakeupAmericanEnglishbecauseoftryingtoachievetheirAmericanDream.4．李华认识到了美国英语的重要性，成了学习美国英语的一员。(recognize)____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________LiHuahasrecognizedtheimportanceofAmericanEnglishandhasbecomeamemberoflearningit.5．李华说他会不断努力，即使困难重重，也不会放弃。(frequent；giveup)____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________LiHuasayshewillmakefrequenteffortsandwon’tgiveitupevenifmanylearningdifficultiesmaycomeup.6．他充分利用时间，丰富词汇，练习听、说。(makeuseof；enrich；vocabulary)___________________________________________________________________________________________________Hemakesfulluseofhistime，enrichingvocabularyandpractisinglisteningandspeaking.7．我相信总有一天他一定能掌握好美国英语。(haveagoodcommandof)___________________________________________________________________________________________________Ibelievethatsomedayhe’llhaveagoodcommandofAmericanEnglish.8．他一定能说一口流利的美国英语。(fluent)__________________________________________________________________HecanspeakAmericanEnglishfluently.【连句成篇】_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________答案：TheUnitedStateshasbecomeoneoftheworld’ssuperpowers.Believeitornot，AmericanEnglish，basedonBritishEnglish，isplayingamoreimportantpartthaneverbefore.Atpresent，millionsofpeopletakeupAmericanEnglishbecauseoftryingtoachievetheirAmericanDreamandamongthemisLiHua，whohasalsorecognizedtheimportanceofAmericanEnglish，andhesaysthathe’llmakefrequenteffortsandwon’tgiveitupevenifmanylearningdifficultiesmaycomeup.Hemakesfulluseofhistimetoenrichhisvocabularyandtopractiselisteningandspeaking.Ibelievethatsomedayhe’llhaveagoodcommandofAmericanEnglishandcanspeakitfluently.四、课文填空根据课文内容用适当的词填空，使短文完整。SincepeoplebegantomovefromEnglandtootherpartsoftheworld，moreandmorepeoplehavebeguntospeakEnglish1.____________astheirfirst，secondoraforeignlanguage.ButEnglish2.____________(change)inthepastseveralcenturies.TheEnglish3.____________(speak)betweenaboutAD450and1150wasvery4.____________haschangedspokendifferentfromtheEnglishoftoday.Asa5.____________offact，itwas6.____________(base)moreon7.____________(Germany)．ThenitbecamemorelikeFrenchbecausethose8.____________matterbasedGermanwhoruledEnglandspokeFrench.OnebigchangeinEnglishhappenedwhenNoahWebster9.____________(write)The

American

Dictionary

of

the

English

Language.wroteToday10.____________numberofpeoplelearningEnglishinChinaisincreasingrapidly.WillChineseEnglishbecomeakindoftheworldEnglish？Onlytimecantell.the1.native

adj.本国的；本地的；天赋的

n.

本地人；本国人benativeto原产于某地的benativeof土生土长的本地人考点串讲讲练互动词汇用法►即时应用(根据中文提示完成句子)(1)Thetigeris____________(产于印度)．(2)Heis_______________________(土生土长的北京人)．(3)Youcanalwaystellthedifferencebetweenthetouristsand____________(当地人)．nativetoIndiaanativeofBeijingthenatives2.base

vt.以……为根据

n．基部；基地；基础basesth.on/uponsth.以……为基础(或根据)basesb./sth./oneselfin...以……为据点(或总部等)；把(总部等)设在……bebasedon以……为依据►即时应用(翻译句子)(1)他把希望寄托在我们昨天得到的好消息上。__________________________________________________________________Hebasedhishopesonthegoodnewswehadyesterday.(2)这出戏以真实故事为基础。_________________________________Thisplayisbasedonatruestory.3.because，becauseofbecause作连词，后面接句子；becauseof是复合介词，表原因，后加名词、代词作宾语或宾语从句。►即时应用(翻译句子)他们是因为我们来这里的。_________________________________Theyareherebecauseofus.【比较网站】thanksto，dueto，owingto(1)thanksto“多亏，由于”，只能作状语。(2)dueto可以作表语、状语，不可位于句首。(3)owingto可以作状语或表语，作状语时常用逗号隔开，作表语时相当于dueto。►即时应用(选用上述词语填空)(1)Hewaslatenotonly____________hisillnessbutalso____________hemissedthetrain.(2)Thegamewascancelled，____________theheavyrain.becauseofbecauseowingto(3)Theteam’ssuccesswaslargely____________herefforts.(4)____________thebadweather，thegamewasputoff.duetoThanksto4.request

n．&vt.请求；要求(1)make(a)requestfor...请求……；要求……atsb.’srequest＝attherequestofsb.按某人的要求byrequest(of)按照需要；依照请求；应邀onrequest一经要求(2)requestsb.todosth.请求某人做某事requestthatsb.(should)dosth.请求……Itisrequestedthat...据要求……►即时应用(根据中文提示完成句子)(1)Hewasthere_______________________________(按经理的要求)．(2)Sherequestedthatnoone______________________________(被告知她的决定)．attherequestofhismanager(should)betoldofherdecision(3)Youare_______________________(被要求不要吸烟)intherestaurant.requestednottosmoke5.comeup走近；上来；发芽；发生；被提出；(太阳、月亮等)升起comeupwith提出comeabout发生comeacross偶遇

comeout出版；出来cometo苏醒；达到►即时应用(选用上述词语填空)(1)Ayounggirl____________meandaskedformoney.(2)She____________anoldfriendofhersinthestreet.(3)Whatpoints____________atthemeeting?cameuptocameupcameacross(4)Theythoughtaboutitforalongtime，butstillcouldn’t____________asolution.(5)Afamouswriter’snewbookMy

New

Lifewill____________nextmonth.comeupwithcomeout6.suchas例如，像……这样的(＝like，forexample)放在所修饰的名词之后，被列举的名词之前。►即时应用(翻译句子)像鲁迅、莎士比亚这样的作家是很少的。__________________________________________________________________Writerssuchas(＝like)LuXunandShakespearearerare.【比较网站】suchas，forexample表示列举时，两者都只能列举其中的部分例子，若表示完全列举，用namely或thatis；suchas只能放在被列举的名词之前，suchas后无标点，而forexample可放在被列举的名词之前、之后或之中，forexample的前后通常都有标点；此外，forexample还可用来举出一个事例来证明某个观点，其后接一个或多个句子。►即时应用(用suchas，forexample，namely填空)(1)Ienjoysongs_____________thisone.(2)Hecanspeakthreeforeignlanguages，___________________，English，FrenchandJapanese.suchas(＝like)namely(＝thatis)(3)Theyvisitedeightcities，____________，ParisandBerlin.forexample7.playarole/partin在……中担任角色；在……中起作用playanimportantpartin在……方面起重要作用playtheroleofsb.在剧中扮演某人的角色►即时应用(根据中文提示完成句子)(1)Clowns________________________(扮演着重要的角色)inacircus.(2)She__________________________(积极参与)localpolitics.playanimportantroleplays/takesanactivepartin(3)Themedia_____________________(发挥着主要作用)influencingpeople’sopinions.playsamajorrolein8.makeuseof利用makefull/good/littleuseof充分/好好/没有好好利用►即时应用(完成句子)(1)Youshould_______________everychanceyouhavetospeakEnglish.(2)Itisapitythatwe____________thechance.(3)Wewill________________hertalents.makefulluseofmadelittleuseofmakegooduseof9.more...than...比……多(1)morethan＋数词，表示“超过，多于”。(2)morethan＋名词，表示“不仅仅是，不只是”。(3)morethan＋形容词/副词，表示“非常，十分”，与very同义。(4)more...than...意为“与其……不如……；是……而不是……”►即时应用(选用上述词语填空)(1)Ilikeher____________herhusband.(2)I’m____________happytotakeyouthereinmycar.morethanmorethan1NativeEnglishspeakerscanunderstandeachothereveniftheydon’tspeakthesamekindofEnglish.以英语为母语的人，即使他们所讲的语言不尽相同，也可以相互交流。重点句型句型：evenif...即使，尽管……,evenif＝eventhough引导让步状语从句。Iwouldn’tloseheartevenifIfailedintheexam.即使考砸了，我也不灰心。►模仿造句(1)即使下雨，他也是准时到公司。__________________________________________________________________Hewillarriveatthecompanyontimeeventhoughitrains.(2)即使这问题难解决，但是你也不能放弃。__________________________________________________________________Evenifitisdifficulttosolvetheproblem，youshouldn’tgiveup.2ItwasbasedmoreonGermanthantheEnglishwespeakatpresent.当时的英语更多地是以德语为基础的，而现代英语不是。句型：...more...than...比……更……；与其说……不如说……Iwasmoreangrythanworriedwhentheydidn’tcomehome.他们没有回家，与其说我担心不如说我生气。►模仿造句(1)与其说他是位老师，不如说他是教育家。__________________________________________________________________Heismoreaneducatorthanateacher.(2)与其说你儿子愚蠢不如说他懒惰。_________________________________Yoursonismorelazythanstupid.3.However，onTVandtheradioyouwillheardifferencesinthewaypeoplespeak.然而，在电视上或收音机上，人们讲的(英语)也会不同。句型：theway＋定语从句,在定语从句中，当先行词为theway且在定语从句中作状语时，关系词可以用that/inwhich或者省略关系词。Whatsurpriseduswasnotwhathesaidbutthewayhesaidit.令我们惊讶的不是他所说的内容而是他说话的方式。►模仿造句(1)我不喜欢你跟你妈妈说话的方式。__________________________________________________________________(2)要照教你的那样做。_________________________________Idon’tlikethewayyoutalktoyourmom.Doitthewayyouweretaught.专题突破应试锦囊专题一听说考试专题突破听说考试之朗读技巧一、连读在连贯地说话或朗读时，在同一个意群(即短语或从句)中，如果相邻的两个词前者以辅音音素结尾，后者以元音音素开头，就要自然地将辅音和元音相拼，构成一个音节，这就是连读。连读时的音节一般不重读，只需顺其自然地一带而过，不可以加音，也不可以读得太重。以下几种情况常要连读1．(词末)辅音＋(词首)元音Itisanoldbook.Letmehavealookatit.2．(词末)r/re＋(词首)元音Herearefoureggs.Ilookedforithereandthere.3．(词末)辅音＋(词首)半元音英语语音中的/j/和/w/是半元音，如果前一个词是以辅音结尾，后一个词是以半元音(特别是/j/)开头，此时也要连读。Thankyou.Nicetomeetyou.二、失去爆破和不完全爆破1．爆破音＋爆破音爆破音：/p/，/b/，/t/，/d/，/k/，/g/前一个爆破音失去爆破。方法：前一个爆破音只作发音的姿势，刚要发出时，立即发出第二个爆破音。如：bla(ck)board，foo(t)ball，ke(p)t，Hehasaba(d)col(d)today.2．爆破音＋摩擦音/破擦音摩擦音：/f/，/v/，/s/，/z/，/θ/，/ð/，/ʃ/，/ʒ/，/r/，/h/破擦音：/tʃ/，/dʒ/，/tr/，/dr/，/ts/，/dz/前一个爆破音不完全爆破。方法：对于前一个爆破音，做好发音姿势，刚发出时，立即过渡到第二个摩擦音或破擦音上去。如：Kee(p)silent，agoo(d)zoo，nigh(t)show，ge(t)throughHaveyourea(d)thebookabou(t)tha(t)child?3．爆破音＋鼻辅音/舌边音

鼻辅音：/m/，/n/舌边音：/l/当一个爆破音后面紧跟着一个鼻辅音或舌边音时，前面的爆破音也产生不完全爆破现象。如：Goo(d)morning，sir.Theyareveryfrien(d)lytous.三、重读与非重读一般规则：实词重读，虚词不重读(1)名词、动词、数词、形容词、副词是实词，一般要重读。(2)冠词、介词、连词、助动词是虚词，一般不重读。(3)大多数代词不重读，但指示代词和疑问代词要重读。例如：Janethasgonetoschool.Heisatallyoungmanwithblueeyes.Whocametoseemethisevening?注意：在某些情况下，不重读的虚词也可以重读。(1)要特别强调的虚词；(2)助动词及be动词置句首、否定式以及在作简略回答时；(3)介词(to除外)在句尾。例如：Whatishewaitingfor?四、语调基本语调：升调(↗)降调(↘)升降调(∧)降升调(∨)平调(→)1.升调：主要用于一般疑问句，带有疑问语气；也可用于祈使句，表示委婉、客气；或用于陈述句，表示疑问，不肯定或不耐烦等。如：Canyoucometousforlunch？↗Youknowher？↗2．降调：只要用于陈述句、特殊疑问句、祈使句(表命令)、感叹句。如：Thebirdsaresinginginthe↘trees.Tellmeallabout↘it.WhenshallIgiveyouthe↘book?Leavethebookonthe↘desk.Whatabeautiful↘picture!3．前升后降调：只要用于：(1)选择疑问句。如：Whichdoyouprefer，tea↗orcoffee?↘(2)以状语或状语从句开头的句子。如：Inmyopinion，↗heisperfectlyright.↘(3)计数或列举。如：One，↗two，↗three↗andfour.↘Iwantapen，↗aruler↗andsomepapers.↘(以

and相连的几个并列的词或短语，

and前面的都读升调，其后的读降调)4．前降后升调：只要用于带有疑问语气的反意疑问句。如：Youhaven’tfinishedit，↘haveyou？↗如果反意疑问句中，疑问的成分很少，则用降降调。如：It’saniceday，↘isn’tit？↘五、意群停顿在朗读长句子的时候，要使朗读流畅、自然，常常需要停顿。但停顿不是随意的，只能在意群之间进行。句子可以按照它的意思和语法结构分成小段，这样的小段就叫意群。意群可以是一个词，一个短语，也可以是并列句中的一个分句或复合句中的一个主、从句等。如下面的句子可以这样划分意群：(1)Tonnyonlywalksafewsteps/fromhisoffice/totheplace/wherehiswifeworks.(2)WhenIleaveBeijing∕Iwillleave∕withveryfondmemories∕ofthecityanditspeople∕andwith