专题08阅读理解-2022-2023学年高一英语上学期期末专项复习（译林版2020）

专题08阅读理解-2022-2023学年高一英语上学期期末专项复习（译林版2020）【阅读理解具体题型具体分析】标题主旨题：找出主题句，先看首尾或各段开头再看全文找主题句，若无明显主题句，就通过关键词句来概括(如议论文中寻找表达作者观点态度的词句，记叙文寻找概括情节和中心的动词或反映人物特点的形容词)。抓住文章主线和关键词语，归纳文章中心。要注意不是所有的段落都有主题句，有时主题句暗含在句中。猜词题：构词法（前缀后缀、派生词、合成词）、同义词近义词（and或者or）、反义词、上下文语境、定义和解释(定语从句、破折号）、例子证明（forexample/suchas/like）、词义搭配、语义转折(but/hoever/while/though/instead）、经验和常识推断题：一般有推断隐含意义、推断作者的观点或态度、推断写作的目的、推断文章的出处等类型，需要读者推出文章所在话的言外之意。直接抄原文信息的选项为错误选项，要立足原文，不能无中生有。需要推得近的，不找推得远的选项。细节理解题：这类题在考试中所占题量和分值比例比较高，基本四篇文章都会考到这类题型。需要读者进行仔细的信息对比和排除，从而选出正确选项。【例题精讲】【2021-2022学年高一第一学期江苏省镇江市期末英语试题】阅读理解AWhat'sthebestbooktoreadwhenyoutravel？Ofcourse，itisthebookwiththebackgroundofthestory.Bookswillbringyouclosertotheplacesyouvisit.Whenitestothenamesofplacesandscenicspots，youcan'thelpthinkingoutofyourmindandthesceneryinfrontofyouwillbeeromantic.Where'dYouGo，BernadetteMariaSemple'snovel，whichhasrecentlybeenadaptedintoamovie，istoldinemails，andstories，itfollowsBeeBranchtryingtotrackdownhermother.SetinSeattle，Washington，thisfunnyyetheart-breakingnovelisagreatpanionasyouvisitlandmarksmentionedinthebook.Midnight'sChildrenMidnight'sChildrenisafantasticalnovelthattellssomeofthehistoriesofIndia.SalmanRushdie'sstorybeginsatmidnight，onthenight，ofIndia's，independence，whenthe1，001childrenbornthathourarefoundtopossessmagicalpowers.Featuringmagicalrealism，thebookissetduring20th-centuryIndia.AWildChild'sGuidetoEndangeredAnimalsFromNewYorkTimesbestsellingauthorMillie-Marottaesthisgreatcelebrationoftheanimalkingdom：Stressingthedifficultyof：43endangeredspeciesfromaround：theworld，thebooktakesreadersonatripthroughfreshwater，oceans，forests，mountains，deserts，grasslands：andwetlandswhilelearningaboutrareandwell-known.animalsandtheirlivingplaces.MyNameisRedThebook，writtenbytheNobelPrizewinnerforLiteratureOrhanPamuk，hasbeentranslatedintomorethan50languagesandpublishedaroundtheworld.Ittellsastoryofayoungman，whohasbeenawayfromhomefor12years，ingbacktohishometowninIstanbul.Thebook，paintingdetailedpicturesandtellingfrommanyangles，encouragespeopletohaveadeeperthinkingoflife.Whichbooksuitspeopleinterestedinexploringnature？______Where'dYouGo，Bernadette.B.Midnight'sChildren.C.AWildChild'sGuidetoEndangeredAnimals.D.MyNameisRed.Whatcanwelearnfromthetext？______MyNameisRedisabout20th-centuryIndia.AWildChild'sGuidetoEndangeredAnimalssellsbest.Where'dYouGo，Bernadettewaswritteninaseriousstyle.D.Midnight'sChildrenmayattractpeopleinterestedinfantasy.（3）Whatisthepurposeofthetext？______A.Toparefourbooks.B.Toremendfourbooks.C.Toshowthemeaningoftravel.D.toencouragepeopletotravel.【答案】1-3CDB【解析】C.细节理解题。根据AWildChild'sGuidetoEndangeredAnimals部分中的"Stressingthedifficultyof43endangeredspeciesfromaroundtheworld，thebooktakesreadersonatripthroughfreshwater，oceans，forests，mountains，deserts，grasslandsandwetlandswhilelearningaboutrareandwell-knownanimalsandtheirlivingplaces."可知，AWildChild'sGuidetoEndangeredAnimals适合对探索自然感兴趣的人。故选C。（2）D.细节理解题。根据Midnight'sChildren部分中的"Midnight'sChildrenisafantasticalnovelthattellssomeofthehistoriesofIndia."可知，Midnight'sChildren是一部幻想小说。由此可知，Midnight'sChildren能吸引那些对幻像作品感兴趣的人。故选D。（3）B.目的意图题。根据第一段"What'sthebestbooktoreadwhenyoutravel？Ofcourse，itisthebookwiththebackgroundofthestory.Bookswillbringyouclosertotheplacesyouvisit.Whenitestothenamesofplacesandscenicspots，youcan'thelpthinkingoutofyourmindandthesceneryinfrontofyouwillbeeromantic."可知，文章主要向读者推荐了旅游时适合读的几本书，所以文章的目的是向读者推荐这四本书。故选B。BIn17th-centuryEurope,itwasunheardofforawomantotravelbyherself,butthatdidn’tstopMariaSibyllaMerian.In1699,sheandher21-year-olddaughterDorotheasailedfromAmsterdamtoSurinaminSouthAmerica.Thethree-monthvoyagewasdangerousbutshewasdeterminedtogo.Shewouldbethefirstpersontogotoaforeigncountrytostudyandpaintinsectsdirectlyfromnature.WhentheyarrivedinSurinam,MariaandDorotheastartedworking.Dayafterday,theytooktheirpaintingmaterialsintothehotrainforesttocollectanddrawinsectsandplants.Artistshadneverdonesuchathingbefore.Stilllifepaintersdrewfromdeadspecimens(标本).ButMerianhadalwaysbeeninterestedinpaintinglivinganimalsandplants,andherfavouritesubjectswereinsects.Intherainforest,sheclimbedladderstostudyandcollectinsects.Shehadtreescutdownsoshecouldseewhatlivedatthetopleveloftheforestmorethanahundredfeetoverhead.Merianbinedbothartandscienceinherwork.Askilledobserver,shekeptdetailednotes.MerianplannedtostayinSurinamforfiveyears,paintingandcollectinginsectsandplantsthatEuropeanshadneverseen.Shelearntaboutthemedicinalplantsoftheareaandexpandedherinteresttospiders,birdsandsnakes.SheplannedtopublishabookofhernewworkonherreturmtoAmsterdam.Aftertwoyears,shehadtoleaveSurinam.Itwasextremelyhot,andunluckilyshewasillwithmalaria.Butshehadmorethanenoughmaterialforabook.InJune1701,MariaandDorotheasailedbacktoAmsterdamwithmanypaintingsandspecimens-buttrflieskeptinbrandy,bottleswithsnakes,andboxesofpressedinsects.Fouryearslater,in1705,Merianpublishedthebookforwhichsheisbestknown,MetamorphosisoftheInsectsofSurinam.Thepaintingsofinsectsandplantsintheirnaturalhabitatsadvancedthescientificstudyofinsects.【小题1】WhydidMerianmakeuphermindtogotoSurinam?A．Topaintlivingcreatures.B．Todrawdeadspecies.C．Tostudystilllifes.D．Toexperienceadventuretrips.【小题2】WhatcanweknowaboutMerianaccordingtothetext?A．ShestayedinSurinamfor5yearsasplanned.B．Herworkswereamixtureofartandscience.C．ShereturnedtoAmsterdamafterhernewbookcameout.D．ShewasdevotedtopaintingwhatAmericanshadnointerestin.【小题3】WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesMerianasapainter?A．Outgoing.B．Traditional.C．Warm-hearted.D．Pioneering.【小题4】Whatdoesthetextmainlytalkabout?A．Adevotedpainter.B．LifeinSurinam.C．Aninsectresearch.D．Lovefornature.【答案】1-4ABDAC“Nearly2.5billionpeopleworldwidewillbelivingwithsomedegreeofhearinglossby2050.Atleast700millionpeoplewillrequireaccesstoearandhearingcareandotherrehabilitation(康复)servicesunlessactionistaken.Untreatedhearinglosscanhaveadestructiveimpactonpeople’sabilitytomunicate,tostudyandtoearnaliving.Itcanalsoimpactonpeople’smentalhealthandtheirabilitytomaintainrelationships,”saidDrTedros,WHODirector-General.Thereport,launchedaheadofWorldHearingDayon3March,stressestheneedtorapidlystepupeffortstopreventandsolvehearinglossbyinvesting(投资)andexpandingaccesstoearandhearingcareservices.Investmentinearandhearingcarehasbeenshowntobeworthit.Lackoftrueinformationabouteardiseasesandhearinglossoftenlimitpeoplefromaccessingcarefortheseconditions.Evenamonghealth-careproviders,there’softenalackofknowledgeaboutprevention,earlyidentificationandmanagementofhearinglossandeardiseases,preventingtheirabilitytoprovidethecarerequired.Inchildren,almost60%ofhearinglosscanbepreventedthroughmeasuressuchasimmunization(免疫)forpreventionandearlymanagement.Inadults,noisecontrol,safelisteningtogetherwithgoodearhealthcanhelpmaintaingoodhearingandreducethepotentialforhearingloss.Identificationisthefirststepindealingwithhearingloss.Clinicalscreeningatstrategicpointsinlifeensurethatanylossofhearingandeardiseasescanbeidentifiedasearlyaspossible.Oncechecked,earlypreventioniskey.Medicalandsurgicaltreatmentcancuremosteardiseases,potentiallyreversing(逆转)theassociatedhearingloss.However,wherehearinglossisirreversible,rehabilitationcanensurethatthoseaffectedavoidthenegativeeffectsofhearingloss.【小题1】WhatcanwelearnfromDrTedros’words?A．Hearinglossonlyinfluencespeople’sphysicalhealth.B．Nearly2.5billionpeoplearesufferingfromhearingloss.C．Untreatedhearinglosscanaffectpeople’sdailylifeseriously.D．Nearly700millionpeoplecanhaveaccesstohearingcarenow.【小题2】Whydopeoplewithhearinglossfailtoaccesscare?A．Doctorsknownothingaboutprevention.B．Nomoneyhasbeeninvestedinhearingcareservices.C．Peoplelacktrueinformationabouteardiseasesandhearingloss.D．Hearinglossandeardiseasesareneveridentifiedandmanagedearly.【小题3】Whatcanweknowfromthelasttwoparagraphs?A．Rehabilitationcanreversehearingloss.B．Mosthearinglossinchildrencanbecured.C．Itisimportanttopreventhearinglossandeardiseasesearly.D．Feweardiseasescanbecuredbymedicalandsurgicaltreatment.【小题4】What’sthebesttitleofthetext?A．WHOinvestsmoreinhearingloss.B．HearinglosspreventioncountsC．EarprotectionneverendsD．Childrensufferhearingloss【答案】1-4CCCBDAviation(航空业)isamajorcontributortoclimatechange,andalsooneofthehardestplacestogiveupusingfossilfuels(矿石燃料).Newresearchsuggestswecouldreducethecarbonfootprintofjetfuelby165percentbymakingitoutoffoodleftovers.Scientistshaveshownthatmakingjetfuelfromfoodwastecouldgreatlyreduceemissions(排放).Inarecentpaper,theyshowthattheirfuelmeetsaviationstandards(标准),andthey’vepartneredwithSouthwestAirlinestospeedupandstartflighttrialsby2023.Wetwastelikefoodleftoversareenergy-rich,andpreviousresearchhasshownthattheycouldbeturnedintovolatilefattyacids(VFAs)andthenbemadeintojetfuel.Butdoingsoinawaythatwouldmeetstrictaviationstandardswasanunsolvedproblem.ThenewwaydesignedbytheresearchersaddsextracarbontoVFA,turningthemintoparaffin(石蜡)thatisexactlythesameasthatfoundinstandardjetfuel.Amixtureof10percentbio-paraffinand90percenttraditionaljetfuelmetaviationstandards,andtheteamsaysit’slikelytogetofficialrecognitionsoon.Itwasshownthatthenewbio-paraffinhadthepotentialtoreducegreenhousegasemissionsby165percentparedtostandardjetfuel,whichisfarhigherthanthe50to70percentreductionsachievedbypreviousbio-jetfuels.Mostoftheemissionsreductioncamefromtakingwetwasteawayfromlandfills(垃圾填埋场)whereitbreaksdownintoapowerfulgreenhousegas.Therearelimitsonhowmuchofanimpactthenewfuelcouldhave,though.ThetotalenergycontentofallthewetwasteintheUSstillonlyaccountsforabout20percentoftheamountofjetfuel.However,findingawaytomakesociety’sleftoversintosomethingasvaluableasjetfuelwhilesignificantlyslashingitsenvironmentalimpactisamajorbreakthrough.Thepartnershipswithmajorairlinessuggestyesterday’sdinnermaysoonbeflyingyouacrossthecountry.【小题1】Whatcanbeinferredfromthefirstthreeparagraphs?A．Aviationisthehardestplacetogiveupusingfossilfuels.B．Makingjetfueloutoffoodleftoverswillworsenpollution.C．Energy-richfoodleftoverscanbeturnedintojetfueldirectly.D．Scientistsdidn’tknowthewaythatwouldmeetstrictaviationstandards.【小题2】Whycanthenewbio-paraffinreducegreenhousegasemissionsgreatly?A．ItismadebyaddingextracarbontoVFA.B．Paraffinfoundinstandardjetfuelisexactlythesameasit.C．Ithasmetaviationstandardsandhasbeenofficiallyrecognized.D．Wetwasteistakenawayfromlandfillswhereitchangesintogreenhousegas.【小题3】Whatdoestheunderlinedword“slashing”meaninthelastparagraph?A．Stopping.B．Reducing.C．Destroying.D．Balancing.【小题4】Whatistheauthor’sattitudetomakingjetfueloutoffoodwaste?A．Supportive.B．Negative.C．Doubtful.D．Unclear.【答案】1-4DDBA【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一种将垃圾变为能源在航空航天领域再利用的技术，可以减轻对环境的影响，减少碳排放量，是一项重大突破。【小题1】推理判断题。根据文章第三段“Butdoingsoinawaythatwouldmeetstrictaviationstandardswasanunsolvedproblem.(但是，以一种符合严格航空标准的方式来做到这一点，是一个尚未解决的问题。)”可推断，科学家不知道怎样才能达到严格的航空标准。故选D。【小题2】细节理解题。根据文章第五段“Mostoftheemissionsreductioncamefromtakingwetwasteawayfromlandfills(垃圾填埋场)whereitbreaksdownintoapowerfulgreenhousegas.(大部分减排来自于将湿垃圾从垃圾填埋场移走，在那里，湿垃圾分解成一种强大的温室气体。)”可知，新型生物石蜡能大大减少温室气体排放，是因为湿垃圾从垃圾填埋场被带走，在那里它变成了温室气体。故选D。【小题3】词句猜测题。根据文章最后一段首句“Therearelimitsonhowmuchofanimpactthenewfuelcouldhavethough.(不过，这种新燃料能产生多大的影响是有限制的。)”和划线词前半句“However,findingawaytomakesociety’sleftoversintosomethingasvaluableasjetfuel(然而，找到一种方法，使社会的剩余物变成像航空燃料一样有价值的东西)”可知，使社会的剩余物变成像航空燃料会显著降低其对环境的影响。所以slashing为“减少，降低”之意。故选B。【小题4】推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“However,findingawaytomakesociety’sleftoversintosomethingasvaluableasjetfuelwhilesignificantlyslashingitsenvironmentalimpactisamajorbreakthrough.(然而，找到一种方法，使社会的剩余物变成像航空燃料一样有价值的东西，同时显著降低其对环境的影响，是一个重大的突破。)”及全文可知，文章用大量篇幅介绍这种“变废为宝”的能源再生方式的碳排放量显著减少，介绍它对环境的影响小，说这是一项重大突破，所以作者对于这种技术的态度无疑是支持的。故选A。【补充习题】阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选岀最佳选项。Anewstudyhasfoundthatride-sharingservicesresultinmuchmorepollutionthanotherkindsofprivateandpublictransportation.Ride-sharingtripsalsodrawpassengersawayfrommoreenvironmentfriendlymethodsoftravel,likepublictransportation,walkingorbiking,thestudyfound.Severalstudiesinrecentyearshavesuggestedthatride-sharingserviceslikeUberandLyftcanworsentrafficproblemsincities.Thenewstudyrepresentsanattempttocenteronhowride-sharingservicesaffectpollution.Overall,theresearchersreportedthatride-sharingtripsnow"resultina69percentmoreclimatepollutiononaveragethanthetripstheyreplace."Thestudynotesthatthesamepassengerscouldhavechosentotravelbybus,train,bikeoronfoot.Oneofthebigreasonstheygiveforthisresultisthatride-sharingvehiclesareoftendrivenwithnopassengersinthecar.Thishappenswhendriversareeitherwaitingforriderrequests,areonthewaytopickuppassengers.Thissituation,knownas"deadheading,"takesupabout42percentofallride-sharingdrivingactivity,thestudyfound.Theresearcherssaidthatdeadheadingresultsinabout50percentmorecarbondioxidethanonepersondrivinginaprivatevehicle.BothUberandLyfthavesaidinthepastthatmoststudiesonthesubjectoverstate(夸大）theeffectsoftheirservicesonpollution.UbertoldReutersnewsagencyinastatementithadnomentonthelatestreportandthatthestudymademisleadingclaimsaboutride-sharing.Meanwhile,thepanysaiditwouldworkdirectlywithcitiestoaddressclimatechanges,promotingsharingtripsandothermeansoftransportation.8．Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleofthepassage?A．Ride-sharingbeesanewtrendthatcan’tbeavoided.B．Ride-sharingindustryismetwithcriticism.C．Ride-sharingservicesincreasepollution.D．Ride-sharingservicesneedimprovement.9．Theterm“deadheading”inthepassagerefersto________.A．adrivingprocesswherethedriverisnotcarryingpassengersB．apotentialriskthatthedrivermaylosecontrolofthevehicleC．aperiodofdrivinghourswhenvehiclesproducemorecarbondioxideD．asituationinwhichadriverhastoomanypassengerstopickup10．IntheeyesofUber,thelatestreportisactually________.A．barkingupthewrongtree B．notseekingthetruthfromfactsC．killingtwobirdswithonestone D．beatingaroundthebush11．Fromthestudyofride-sharingservices,wecaninferthat________.A．Ride-sharingattractsexactlythesamenumberofpeopleastraditionalmeansoftransport.B．thestudywasconductedtoprovetheinfluenceofride-sharingservicesonmoderncitiesC．ride-sharingserviceisnotanenvironmentallyfriendlywaytotravelD．thenewreporthasforcedUbertomakebigchangestoachieveitsgoal【答案】CABC【解析】这是一篇议论文。研究发现，共享汽车的使用反而增加了污染。TheaverageAmericanfamilywillspendsomewherearound$637onback-to-schoolsuppliesforeachelementaryschoolchildthisyearandtwicethatforahighschoolstudent.Addtothatthefactthatbothchildrenandparentsfeelanxiousaboutthetransition(过渡)ofgoingbacktoschoolattheendofsummer.Forthis,JermaineSmithofClevelandandfourotherbarbersdecidedtocuthairforabout40kidsandteensforfreelastSaturday.Infact,Smithhasbeengivingbacktothemunityinotherwayslongbeforethisweekend.Hecutshairbyday,butintheevenings,afterbringinghisdaughterhomefromschool,hegoestoworkasapoliceofficer.“AlotofparentsbringtheirkidstomeforhaircutsbecauseI’mapoliceofficer.TheytrustmebecausetheythinkthatIteachkidstodotherightthingsinthebarbershop.Ialwaystellyoungmenthattheyalwaysgettostayneatandattractive,andpeopletendtotreatthemwithrespect,”Smithsays.“Whenyougetyourhaircut,youlookgoodandfeelgood.”Maybeaservicethatwouldonlycost$15regularlyseemslikejustadropinthebucket,butchildandteenpsychologistDr.BarbaraGreenbergseesthisasmorethanjustaone-timefreeservice.Otherfreehaircutandschoolsupplyeventshaveappearedunexpectedlyallacrossthecountrythismonth,asorganizershaverecognizedhowmuchparentscanusethisextrahelp.Greenbergsays,“Oneofthewaystomakeatransitioneasieristomakeitfunandintroducesomethingneworunusual,sothewholeideaofgettingahaircutmakeskidsfeelspecialandimportant.”ThehaircutswerejustpartoftheStartSchoolontheRightFootevent,whichalsohandedoutabout50backpacksfullofschoolsupplies.12．WhydidJermaineSmithandotherbarberscuthairforkids?A．Toimprovethemunityservice.B．Topreparechildrenforthepetition.C．Tohelpchildrenandparentsreduceanxiety.D．Toprovideback-to-schoolsuppliesforchildren.13．WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribeJermaineSmith?A．Honestandgenerous. B．Creativeandfriendly.C．Gratefulandthoughtful. D．Reliableandresponsible.14．WhatdoesJermaineSmithwantyoungpeopletodo?A．Formahealthylifestyle. B．Treatpeoplewithrespect.C．Getalongwellwithothers. D．Leaveagoodimpressiononpeople.15．WhatisDr.BarbaraGreenberggladtosee?A．Moreparentsarewillingtoworktogether.B．Morepeopletakeactiontohelpkidsinschool.C．Peopleamusethelittlekidsinschoolregularly.D．Peopletrytomakekidsfeelspecialandimportant.【答案】CDDB【解析】这是一篇新闻报道。孩子和父母都对要开始新的过度感到焦虑，有理发师为这里孩子提供青少年免费理发的服务，帮助他们降低焦虑，同时也带动了其他社会人士。Everyoneenjoystakingphotographstocapture（捕捉）memorablemomentsandperhapsexpressalittlecreativity.Sometimesonesimpleadjustment（调整）ortwocangreatlyimprovetheshot,bringingmorepleasuretothefinishedphotograph.Attentiontoafewdetailscanmakeallthedifferenceinimprovingyourpictures.Whentakingaphotographofofficeworkers,youshouldhavethemallstandaroundthecoffeemachineasiftheywerechatting,orhavethemactasiftheywereworkingandthenphotographthemwithyourcamera.Themorenaturalthebackgroundis,thebetterthephotographwilllookintheend.Tryyourbesttokeepthethingssuchasflowers,treesandthelikeinnatureinbalanceifyouareawareoftheitemsyouwishtoincludeinyourphotograph.Keepinmindyourfinalproductandhowyouwouldlikeittoappear.Lightingissomethingyoumustpaymoreattentionto.Evenifyoutakephotographswiththesimplestcameraequipment,theamountanddirectionoflightmakeallthedifferencebetweenagreatphotoandaterribleone.Althoughmostphotographersbelievethatalotofbrightlightingisnecessaryforagoodphotograph,mostcamerastakebetterphotographswithindirectlighting.Ifthereisnotenoughlight,youcancoveryourHashwithalightwhilecloth,whichwillallowsomeofthelighttopassthrough.Thekeytotakingbetterphotographsisbeingbravetoexperiment,allowingyourselftobealittlebitcreative,andknowingwhatyourcameracando1.Anofficephotographwilllookbetteronconditionthat.A.youcreateanaturalbackgroundB.youputsomeflowersintheofficeC.theofficeworkersstandupworkingD.theofficeworkersfocusonyourcamera2.Youcancoveryourflashwithalightwhiteclothwhen.A.youneedalotofbrightlighting B.youneedsomeindirectlightingC.thedirectionoflightisnotperfect D.thereisnolackofnaturallight3.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?A.Enjoyingmemorablemoments. B.Betteringphotographingskills.C.Expressingcreativityindailylife. D.Selectingbettercameraequipment.【答案】1.A2.B3.BAbuildingseeminglybuiltoutof21blocksofLEGOswillgreetthoseonflightslandinginBillund,Denmark.ThenewlybuiltLEGOHousenowsharesthecitywithLEGOLAND.Butlikethethemepark,theLEGOHouseoffersthemunitymorepublicspacesandahands-onwayofmunicatingwithoneoftheworld'smostfavoritetoys.TheLEGOHouseisbothaplayhouseandadisplayofexcellentpiecesofLEGOartwork.TheMasterpieceGalleryshowsthefan-madeartoftheplasticbricks,includingimpressive（印象深刻的）modelsofmanyreal-lifeobjects.TheHistoryCollectiondescribestheriseoftheLEGOGroup.Buttheguestswon'tbestuckadmiringsculptures（雕刻作品）,andtheygettobuildtheirownpiecesbrickbybricktoo.Therearefourplayareasinsidethebuildingwhichareindifferentcolors.Eachstandsforimportantdevelopmentalskillsinchildren.Redisforcreativity;blueisforcognitive（认知）skills;greenisforsocialskills;yellowforemotions（情绪）.Theseareas,aswellasthegalleryandhistorycollection,requiregueststoprebooka$31ticket.Insteadofbeingjustatouristattraction,theLEGOGroupwantstheplacetobeeasortofmeetingplaceforthepany'shometown.OtherareasintheLEGOHousearefreetoenter.Theseincludethe2,000-square-meterLEGOSquare,outdoorplayareas,theLEGOstore,andthreerestaurants.InoneoftheLEGOHouse'srestaurants,visitorsorderfoodbyputtingblockstogetherandscanningthem.Whilerealhumansdothecooking,coolLEGOrobotsdeliverthefoodtothecrowdandanswerquestions.ThirdgenerationowneroftheLEGOGrouphasthistosay:"Whenchildrenplay,theylearnthebasicskillsthattheyneed,suchascreativity,collaboration（合作）andproblem-solvingabilities."4.WhatistheLEGOHouselike?A.Ithasthesamefunctionasthethemepark.B.Itisactuallybuiltoutof21blocksofLEGOs.C.Itcanbedescribedasaplayhouseandanartgallery.D.Itwillbeaplacewherelocalsgreetguestsflyingthere.5.Besidesappreciatingimpressiveartwork,whatelsecanguestsdo?A.Searchforreal-lifeobjects.B.Displaythefan-madeartwork.C.DescribetheriseoftheLEGOGroup.D.Buildtheirownartworkwithbricks.6.Whyarethefourplayareasindifferentcolors?A.Theystandfordifferentticketprices.B.Theystandfordifferentagegroups.C.Theystandfordifferentskillsthatchildrenneed.D.Theystandforchildrenfromdifferentcountries.7.WhatcanguestsdotogettheirmealsintheLEGOrestaurants?A.Cookmealsbythemselves.B.Orderfoodbyscanningblocks.C.GetLEGOrobotstoorderfood.D.Cooperatewithothervisitors.【答案】4.C5.D6.C7.BBeingparedtogreatpeoplelikeStephenHawkingandAlbertEinsteinisnotsomethingthathappenstotheaverageperson.Attheageofjust23,SabrinaGonzalezPasterskihasalreadyachievedmuchmoregoalsthanmostofuseverwillinourlifetime.Whenshewasonly14yearsold,theChicagogirlmadeherownsingleengineairplane—byherself.ShethenflewitacrossLakeMichigan,beingtheyoungestpersontoeverflytheirownplane.ShegraduatedfromIllinoisMathematicsandScienceAcademy(IMSA)in2010andenteredMassachusettsInstituteofTechnology(MIT).Atfirst,shehadtowaittobeacceptedintotheschool,butonceProfessorsAllenHaggertyandEarllMurmanwatchedhervideotheyhadnodoubt.FemalistaquotedHaggertyassaying:AfterjustthreeyearsatMITshehasalreadyachievedthehighestpossiblegradepointaverageof5.0.SheisnowstudyingfurtheratHarvardUniversity,withfullacademicfreedom.Onceagainsheisonly23yearsold.What'sevenmoreimpressiveisthatsheisnolongerinterestedinbuildingplanesbuthasturnedherattentiontophysics,namelyblackholesandhowgravity(重力)affectsspaceandtime—thatiswhysheisbeingparedtoEinsteinandHawking.PasterskirecordsallofherworkonherwebsitePhysicsGirl,butifyouarealittleshockedbyherachievements,shehassomewordsforyou.DuringaninterviewwithMarieClaireearlierthisyearshesaid:Beingoptimisticaboutwhatyoubelieveyoucando.Whenyou'relittle,yousayalotofthingsaboutwhatyou'lldoorbewhenyou'reolder—Ithinkit'simportantnottoforgetthosedreams."8.WhydoestheauthormentionEinsteinandHawkingatthebeginning?A.Tohonourthetwoscientists.B.Toparethetwoscientist.C.Tobringoutthekeycharacter.D.Tointroducetheirachievements.9.WhatmightbetherightorderoftheeventsaboutPasterski?a.StudyatHarvardUniversity.b.WaittobeacceptedbyMIT.c.Achievegradepointaverageof5.0.d.GraduatefromIMSAin2010.e.Makeasingleengineairplanebyherself.A.edcba. B.edbca.C.decab. D.deacb.10.WhatisevenmoreimpressiveaboutPasterski?A.ShehasfullacademicfreedomatHarvard.B.Sherecordsallofherworkonherwebsite.C.Shebeestheyoungestpersontoflyaplane.D.Sheisinterestedinsomespecialfieldsofphysics.11.AccordingtoPasterski，whicharetheimportantqualitiesthatpeopleneedtosucceed?A.Independenceandconcentration. B.Concentrationandoptimism.C.Optimismanddetermination. D.Friendlinessanddetermination.【答案】8.C9.B10.D11.CClimatechange,nothumanhunting,mayhavedestroyedthethylacine（袋狼），accordingtoanewstudybasedonDNAfromthylacinebones.Themeat-eatingmarsupials（有袋动物）diedoutonmainlandAustraliaafewthousandyearsago,butsurvivedinTasmania,anislandofsoutheastAustraliaseparatedfromthemainland,untilthe1930s.Untilnow,scientistshavebelievedthecauseofthismainlandextinction（灭绝）wasincreasedactivityfromnativeAustraliansanddingoes（Australianwilddogs）.ScientistsbehindtheUniversityofAdelaidestudy,whichwaspublishedintheJournalofBiogeographyonThursday,collected51newthylacineDNAsamplesfromfossil（化石）bonesandmuseumskins.Thepaperconcludedthatclimatechangestartingabout4,000yearsag