【高考英语】2024届云南省大理州高三下册专项突破模拟试题（含解析）

【高考英语】2024届云南省大理州高三下册专项突破模拟试题注意事项：1.答卷前，考生务必用黑色碳素笔将自己的姓名、准考证号、考场号、座位号填写在答题卡上，并认真核准条形码上的准考证号、姓名、考场号、座位号及科目，在规定的位置贴好条形码。2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AEuropeisoneofthebesttravellingoptionsforeveryone.It'srichinculture,andeverycountryisdistinctinbeauty.Plus,thecuisineisnottobemissed.HerearethebestfourEuropeancitiestotravelto!ViennaThecapitalofAustria,Vienna,isthelargestcityinthecountry,andit'salsoacultural,economicandpoliticalcenter.Itisknownasthecityofmusicandthecityofdreams,beinganimportantplaceforBeethovenandSigmundFreud.It'salsoconsideredoneofthecitiesintheworldwhichissuitableforlivingandwherethequalityoflifeishigh.BerlinBerlinisthecapitalofGermanyandistheplaceofculture,politics,mediaandscience.Itholdsastronghistory,andyoucanlearnmanythingsaboutthecity'scontributionstothewholeworld.TravellingtoBerlinisquiteeasy,giventhatit'sanaccessiblecityandyouhaveplentyofaffordableoptionssuchastrains,trams,busesandthemetro.CopenhagenCopenhagenisthecapitalcityofDenmarkandisknowntobeoneofthemostsustainablecitiesintheworld.It'sfullofMichelin-starredrestaurants,hasplentyofmuseumsandholdstheCopenhagenFashionWeek,whichisthelargestfashioneventinNorthernEurope.AmsterdamThecapitaloftheNetherlands,Amsterdam,isknownforthenumberofcanalsthatarepartoftheUNESCOWorldHeritageSite.Thesearealsothemainattractionofthecity,butthat'snotall.ThegoodthingaboutAmsterdamisthatyoucanvisititbybike,asithasoneofthebestnetworksofcycleroutesintheworld.1.WhichisnotareasonfortravelingtoEurope?A.Yummyfood. B.Naturalscenery. C.Adequateculture. D.Goodtransportation.2.Ifyouareafashionableicon,whichcitywillyouchoosetovisit?A.Vienna. B.Berlin. C.Copenhagen. D.Amsterdam.3.Whichstatementistrueaccordingtothepassage?A.Viennawinsareputationforbeinglivable.B.Berlinislessinfluentialcomparedtoothers.C.Copenhagenismodernbutnoteco-friendly.D.TransportationcanbeanissueinAmsterdam.BDebraFerrellgotthestandardwellwishesononher53rdbirthday,butshegotsomeunusualmessagestoo.OnewasaboutafamilyinMinnesotawhohadjustlosttheirfour-year-oldsontocancer.Hisolderbrotherwasespeciallygrief-stricken.CouldFerrellhelp?Thatmessageandthe30orsootherslikeitwereexactlywhatFerrellwaslookingfor.Tocelebrateher53rd,shewantedtocommit53randomactsofkindnessbytheendofherbirthmonth,andsheneededinformationonpeoplewhocoulduseone.WhenshegotthenoteabouttheMinnesotafamily,shesentawindchime(风铃)withthemessage“ListentothewindandknowthatIamnear”onit.Itnowhangsinthefour-year-old'sbedroom,wherehisbrothercangotolistentoitwheneverhewants.ThisisnotthefirsttimethatFerrelldecidedtogivegiftsforherbirthday.Forher47th,shefoundedLovewithSkinOn,anorganizationdedicatedtodoinggooddeedsnearherhomeinRoanoke,Virginia,andbeyond.Itsmottoissimple:BeLove,DoStuff.Overtheyears,Ferrellhasreachedoutandtouchedwellover100strangers,somefoundviacallouts,otherswithhelpfromhergrandkids.Inanotheractofgiving,shesharesherfavoriteinexpensiveandcreativegiftideas.Ferrellpaysforeverythingherself.Herfamilyoftengiveshersomeextrabirthdaycashwithasternwarningnottospenditonanyoneelse,whichshenaturallyignores.“IgotacoupleofAmazongiftcardsformybirthdaythisyearandwaslike‘YESSS!’”It'sFerrell'sparty,andshe'llgiveifshewantsto.4.WhatwasspecialforFerrell's53rdbirthday?A.Shegotmessagesforhelpfromtheneedy. B.Shepostedunusualmessageson.C.Shereceivedmanyonlinewishesandgifts. D.Shegainedspecialgreetingsfromafamily.5.WhydidFerrellsendawindchimetotheMinnesotafamily?A.Toexpressherblessings. B.Toextendhersympathy.C.Toshareherfavoritemotto. D.Tocomfortawoundedsoul.6.Whatcanwepredictfromthelastparagraph?A.Ferrellwillgiveoutherfamily'scash. B.Ferrellwillpurchasegiftsforherself.C.Ferrellwillsticktoherdeedsconstantly. D.Ferrellwillfindstrangersvia.7.Whichcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.Anunusualmessage B.GivinggiftsonbirthdayC.Helpingpeopleinneed D.AstoryofawindchimeCAnexhibitionheldattheLiuHaisuArtMuseuminShanghai,showcasingartworksbyfifty20th-centurymasters,alongsidemorethan300copiesoftextbooksandotherhistoricaldocuments,someofwhichareonpublicviewforthefirsttime.TushanwanOrphanage,establishedin1864bytheCatholicChurchinXujiahuidistrictofShanghai,isbelievedtobethecradleof“Westernpainting”inShanghaitoteachelementarypaintingtechniques.ThentheTushanwanartstudio,whichwasfoundedbyamissionary(传教士)fromin,taughtartsinacompletelydifferentwayfromthetraditionalChinesepractise.OnshowattheexhibitionaresomeofthetextbooksandlettersinFrenchfromtheTushanwanera.WhilemostoftheteachersatthetimewereWesternmissionaries,thecurriculumincludedChinesecharactersandtranslationbetweenFrenchandChinese.LiuHaisuwasoneoffoundersoftheprivate“ShanghaiAcademyofArt”.“From1919to1933,LiuconductedresearchvisitstoJapanandEuroperespectively,whichmarkedimportantturningpointsfortheartschool,”saysJinWenyi,thedirectoroftheLiuHaisuArtMuseum.LiuadoptedthestyleofadministrationandteachingoftheartschoolsinTokyo,brokefurtherawayfromthetraditionalsystem,andexpandedthecurriculumtomodernartandscience.AschoolboardwithoutstandingmemberssuchasCaiYuanpeiandLiangQichaowasfounded,whichbroughtmorefundingandsocialinfluencefortheartschool.AnotherareaoftheexhibitionfeaturesShanghaiUniversity,thefirstuniversityfoundedbytheCommunistPartyofChinain1922.DocumentsondisplayalsoreflectthechangesinthearteducationsystemafterthefoundingofthePeople'sRepublicofChinain1949.“ItwasonlyinanopencitysuchasShanghaithatmodernarteducationcoulddevelopsowell,withcurriculaandteacherssharedbetweeninstitutionsandaconfluenceofdifferentideas,”Jinsays.8.WhatcanwelearnfromParagraph2?A.TushanwanOrphanagestartedprimaryartcourses.B.Tushanwanartstudiotaughtartsintraditionalways.C.Thecurriculumwasrarelyinfluencedbymissionaries.D.LettersexhibitedinEnglishwerefromTushanwanera.9.WhatdoyouthinkofLiuHaisu?A.Sensitiveandambitious. B.Cautiousandconservative.C.Intelligentandinnovative. D.Adventurousandaggressive.10.Whatistheexhibitionaimedat?A.BoostingtheartcurriculumreforminChina. B.AttractingmoreforeigntouriststoShanghai.C.Praisingtheachievementsofgreateducators. D.ShowingthegrowthofChinesearteducation.11.Whereisthetextprobablytakenfrom?A.Aresearchreport. B.Anewsreport.C.Asocialwebpage. D.Ahistoricaltextbook.DGenetherapy(治疗)—whichinvolvesfixingorreplacingadisease-causinggeneorchangingitsactivity—hasrecordedsomeremarkablesuccessesandsomefatalmissteps.Havingexperiencedthoseextremeupsanddownsinthepastdecades,genetherapyhasnowbegunadvancingatarapidpace.Thisreportexploreshowthefieldhasmovedbeyonditsearlyfailuresandfullygrowntoembraceitsbrightfuture.Overthepastfewyears,notonlyhasthedisciplinechangedbutthedefinitionofgenetherapyhasevolved.Todaythefieldincludesnotjustdirectpermanentchangestoacell'sDNAbutalsotemporarychangestohowgenesaretranslatedintoproteins.Researchershavenowreportedanumberofsuccessstories:theyhavealleviatedsomecasesofblindness,curedcancers,addressedtheunderlyingcausesofsomeblooddiseases,andbeguntotreatsomeborndisorders.Thehistoryofgenetherapyhashadalottoovercome,bothinfameandatthelabbench.Thehistoryofgenetherapyhashadalottoovercome,bothinfameandatthelabbench.Earlytragediesledresearcherstodifferentpaths—whilesomeofthemturnedawayfromthefield,othersfoughttopursuewaystopreventthesideeffects.Whathasresultedisarangeofnewviralvectors(载体),engineeredtomixtheirgeneticmaterialmoresafelyandefficientlyintothegenome,aswellastherapidadoptionanddevelopmentoftools,suchastheNobelPrize-winningtechniqueknownasCRISPR.Genetherapyhasmorethancompensated(弥补)foritsshakyscientificstartandthefieldalsomanagedtorestoreitsreputation.Consequently,bothpatientsandthepublicnowconnectthisapproachwiththehopeforseeminglymiraculouscures.Andwiththathopecomesotherproblems:problemsofover-expectation,ofaffordabilityandofaccessibility.Currentgenetherapyapproachesarepriceyandnoteasilyavailable,andbothissueslimittheirpossiblereach.Solvingtheseproblemsmaybethefield'snextbigchallenge.12.WhichdescriptionofGenetherapyiscorrectaccordingtoParagraph1?A.Itisfacedwithlotsofdifficulties. B.Ithadsetbacksbutalsosuccesses.C.Itworksbydamaginggeneactivity. D.Itdevelopedsteadilyinearlytimes.13.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“alleviated”inParagraph2mean?A.Increased. B.Promoted. C.Witnessed. D.Eased.14.Whatcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraph?A.Peoplethinkgenetherapyistoohardtoget.B.Patientswouldbecuredeasilyinthefuture.C.Researcherswilllowerthepriceofgenetherapy.D.Patientshavehighexpectationsforgenetherapy.15.Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?A.Genetherapyhasalonghistory. B.Theageofgenetherapyhascome.C.Peoplecanbenefitfromgenetherapy. D.Genetherapyhasbeenwidelyapplied.第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。40%womenexperiencehairloss.16Hereare5commonreasonswhywomenexperiencehairlossandhowtopreventit.AsurgeinstressHairlossiscausedbyphysicaloremotionalstressandtheconditioncanleadtolossupto300hairsaday.Commonly,donotstylehairinawaytoprovideadditionalstress.Preventscratchingthescalp(头皮)orexcessivelybrushingthehair.Moreover,joininginactivitiesthatworktoreducestresscanalsoworktoreducethesymptoms.RecoveringfromCovid1in5covidsurvivorsreportthattheyhavesufferedhairlossthroughoutrecovery.17Takingtimetoreducelevelsofstresswillworktoeasethehairdamageovertime.Inthemeantime,reducetheamountoftimesyoubrushthehairandtheproductsthatmaycausedryness.Achangeinhormones18Hairlossthroughoutthemenopause(更年期)canoccuralongwithcommonsymptoms.Adoptingalowfat,balanceddietcanworktoreducetheriskofhairlossthroughoutmenopause.Sourcesoffattyacidsworktokeephairhealthyandkeepinglevelsofstresslowcanprotecthairloss.AdeficiencyinVitaminDVitaminDintheskinismetabolised(新陈代谢)byaproteinthataidsinkeepinghairthickandreducingdamage.IfyouareexperiencinghairlossastheresultofVitaminDdeficiency,thenitsimportanttogainaformaldiagnosistobenefitfromtreatment.19ShiftsinweatherExtremeweatherdoesn'tdirectlyresultinhairloss.20Theycanleadthesufferertofrequentlyscratchtheirscalp,increasingtheriskofthehairdamageandthereforethinning.Thereareseveraltreatmentsshampoosthatcanworktodecreaseitssymptomsandthereforecontroltheriskofhairdamage.Keepingthescalphydratedisvital.A.Coldweatherisalsoacommonfactor.B.However,itmayworsensymptomsthatwill.C.Hormonalchangescancontributetohairloss.D.LackofVitaminDmaynotfacilitatehairgrowth.E.Temporaryhairlosscommonlyoccursafterfluandfever.F.Internalandexternalfactorsplayaroleinfemalehairloss.G.Treatmentcan'tbedescribedassimpleastakingVitaminDtablets.第二部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Haveyoueverwantedtospendanightatanicehotel?IwasspendinganightattheIceHotelinQuebec—theonlyoneofitskindinNorthAmerica.Astheworld'scoldesthotelroom,therewasnoheatingandnoTV,butIwasn't21.Iwatchedassnowflakesgently22throughaholeintheceiling.AnyotherdayIwouldhavebeenconcerned.TodayIjustfelt23cool!Myfellow24andIhadbeengivenvitalsurvivaltraining:howtogetintooursleepingbagslikeacocoon(茧)withonlyyoureyesandnose25.Themostimportantthingwastogotobedwarmanddry.Otherwise,youweregoingtohavea26night.Mybedwas27withanimalskins.Acandle—myonlysourceofheat,stoodrklingonablockoficethat28abedsidetable.Forthesakeofwarmingup,Iwasdeterminedtotakeabath.WhenIsankintothehotwater,Iwishedatime29.Eventually,thetimecameto30thecold.Ibrushedmyteeth,31drynightwearandclimbedintomycocoon.Takingonelastlookatthe32room,I33thecandle.Asmyeyesadjustedtothedarkness.Icouldseestarsthroughthe34aboveme.Iwasabsolutelywarmand35Ididn'twakeupinthenight.Inoddedoffandsleptlikeababy.21.A.leaving B.staying C.complaining D.moving22.A.dropped B.floated C.poured D.slipped23.A.hardly B.randomly C.originally D.literally24.A.adventurers B.colleagues C.roommates D.relatives25.A.accessible B.noticeable C.available D.visible26.A.pleasant B.miserable C.normal D.frightening27.A.covered B.displayed C.decorated D.occupied28.A.pretended B.admired C.imitated D.designed29.A.schedule B.spot C.start D.stop30.A.empty B.brave C.prevent D.escape31.A.threwon B.tookoff C.triedon D.putoff32.A.shabby B.splendid C.unique D.affordable33.A.blewup B.blewout C.blewdown D.blewaway34.A.door B.window C.wall D.hole35.A.defined B.predicted C.prayed D.controlled第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Porcelain,alsonamedchina,ismadebyheatingrawmaterials,oftenamixbetweenchinastoneandkaolinclay,inakiln(窑)atatemperatureashighas1,200degreeCelsius,whichiskey36makingporcelain.37(go)throughthefireofreinventionatahightemperaturegivesporcelainwithgreater38(strong),moretranslucence(半透明)andafeastofcolors.BlueporcelainproducedinLongquan,Zhejiangprovince,atechniquewhich39(pass)downatleast1,600yearsago,isatypicalexampleofcraftsmen'spursuitoftheperfectgreenlight.And40takes72stepstoproduceLongquanceladon'sjade-likegreen.Plumgreenandlightgreenaretwocolorsofthebestquality.Porcelainhasalsobeenacarrierforculturalexchanges.AlongwithChina'ssilkandtea,porcelainwasoneofthefirstgoods41(receive)worldwidetrade.Asit42(gradual)travelledaroundtheglobethroughtheancientMaritimeSilkRoad,porcelainenjoyedgreatpopularityamongroyalfamiliesandupperclassesinEurope,43wereattractedbythesebeautifulcontainerstheynamedafterChina,aproductthatcouldbeproducedonlyinthefarEast.Porcelainbeganasa44(practice)containerandevolvedintopiecesofart.Evenwhenshatteredintopiecesandburieddeepinmud,culturalvalues45(attach)toporcelainwouldneverdisappear.第三部分写作（共两节，满分40分）第一节（满分15分）第十九届亚运会于2023年9月23日在中国杭州开幕，激发了人们对运动的热爱，促进经济发展的同时也增进了国际交流与合作。假定你是李华，并作为志愿者参与了此次亚运会，你被邀请在你校学生大会上演讲，分享你做志愿者的心得。内容包括：1.做志愿者的过程；2.做志愿者的感受；注意：1.写作词数应为80左右；2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。亚运会：AsianGamesLadiesandgentlemen,________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________第二节（满分25分）阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。WhenwefirstmetLucky,weweresurprisedathisminifigure.TheLabrador(拉布拉多)dogwasbornlastFridayandwasoneofthefourbabies.Hewasthetiniestonewehadeverseen,weighinglessthan150gramsatbirth.Thenewbornpuppyhadalowbodytemperatureandkepttremblingallthetime.Thedogmotherseemedtootiredtonursetheweakestonewhilefeedingotherkids.Hewassoweakthatwedidn'tthinkhecouldmakeittothemorning.I,alongwithmyeight-year-olddaughter,Alice,thesmallestoneinourfamily,stayedupwithhimallnight.Wemilkedhismotherandusedansmall-sizedbottletohand-feedhim.WhenLuckygottoosleepytoeat，weputhoneyonhisgums(牙龈)togivehislowbloodsugaraquickboost,anoldtrickwe'dlearnedfromotherdogkeepers.Isleptonthecouchwithhimontopofme.Aliceheldthelittledogtoraisehisbodytemperature,butitfailed.Hestilltrembledwithcold.Thenweusedathermos(热水瓶)andchangedthehotwatereverytwohours.Meanwhile,Weconstantlycheckedthethermostemperaturetoavoidburninghisdelicateskin.Thenextday,toourrelief,Luckytookaturnforthebetter.Hisbodytemperaturerecoveredtonormal,butheappearedhungry.Westartedtonursehimwitharegularbabybottle.Onourfarmwehave15goatspluschickensanddogs.ButLuckywastoolittletokeepoutside.Worryingthatotheranimalscouldhavepushedhimaroundorharmedhim,wedecidedtokeephimindoors.Wewerefortunatetomeettheneatestone-becauseherarelymademesses.注意：1.续写词数应为150左右；2.请按如下格式在相应位置作答。Hestayedinthehousewithusforaboutamonth.________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Luckyhadhisownareaoutsideandevenhadnewcompanions.________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________