挑战练04 阅读理解(词句猜测题)(解析版)-2020-2021学年下学期高一英语期末题型挑战练(全国通用)

2020~2021学年下学期高一英语期末题型挑战练(全国通用)04阅读理解(词句猜测题)1Youmighthaveheardabouthowhoneybeesaredoingpoorlythesedays.It’sdifferent,though,fromthesituationmanyoftheworld’svulnerable(脆弱的)animalsfindthemselvesin.Wewantthemtolivetheirlivesandgrowstronger,butarewewillingtochangeourlifestylestomakeithappen?Thedecreaseinhoneybeesisabitdifferent,becauseifhoneybeescan’tlivewell,neithercanpeopleand,eventuallypeoplewon’teatasaresult.Ashappenedin2017,U.S.beekeeperslost40percentoftheirbeesbecauseofadisease.It’sreallyabouttheearningsofbeekeepersandthereducedamountofbees.Butitdoesn’tstopthere.Honeybeesgoarounddoingpollination(授粉).Anddoyouknowwhatneedtobepollinated?That’sourcrops.TheUnitedStatesDepartmentofAgriculture(USDA)estimatesbeespollinateabout$15billionworthofapplesandpeacheseachyearintheUnitedStatesalone.So,we21st-centuryhumansnotonlytakenotice,butalsostarttryingtofixtheproblem.It’sinfeasiblethatwegiveeverybeethetreatment.Wecan’timaginehowhugethetaskisandhowhardwecarryonit!Themostpromisingimmediatesolutionseemstopreventthedisease.That’swherethebeevaccine(疫苗)comes.Scientistshavelongthoughtimmunizing(使免疫)beeswillbeunworkable,buta2015studydiscoveredthatbeestransferimmunitytotheirbabiesthroughprotein.Vaccinatingabeewon’thelpthatbee,butifyouvaccinatethequeenofbees,shecanpassherimmunityontoherlatergenerationsthroughhereggs.ThenewvaccinewilltreatforAmericanfoulbrood(AFB),aseriousdiseasethatquicklydestroysbees.It’sinthetestingphasesandmostlikelyheadedforbeeboxesnearyou.Anddon’tworry,itdoesn’trequireatinydoctor’schairandneedletodeliverthevaccine—thequeenbeecandrinkthemedicineinalittlesugarwaterandpassitalongtoherlatergenerations.1.Whatdoesexactlytheauthorintendtotellusthroughthe2017beekeepers’incident?A.Thebeekeepersleadaterriblelife.B.Thenumberofbeescontinuestodecrease.C.Thedeclineofbeesaffectstheproductionofgrain.D.Thepollinationworkofbeesishugeandcomplicated.2.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“infeasible”inParagraph3mean?A.Practical B.Impossible C.harmful D.Convenient3.WhatdoesParagraph4suggest?A.Thebeevaccineishardtodevelop.B.Beeswilllearnskillsfromthequeen.C.Beescantransferimmunitytoeachother.D.Thebeevaccinecantakeeffectinthelongrun.4.Whatcanbeinferredaboutthevaccinefromthelastparagraph?A.It’sappliedtoallsickbees.B.Itwillbedeliveredtobeesbyskilleddoctors.C.Itworksbyallowingthequeenofbeestotakeit.D.Ithasbeenputintouseandmakesmanybeessurvive.【答案】1.C2.B3.D4.C【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了蜜蜂是一种脆弱的动物，蜜蜂数量的减少对人类也有巨大影响。我们需要采取一些措施去帮助蜜蜂，比如研究疫苗，而这种疫苗是通过“注射”给蜂后而发挥作用的。1.推理判断题。根据文章第二段内容“Ashappenedin2017,U.S.beekeeperslost40percentoftheirbeesbecauseofadisease.(与2017年一样，美国养蜂人因为一种疾病失去了40%的蜜蜂。)”提及了2017年养蜂人失去蜜蜂的事件，同时通过“Butitdoesn’tstopthere.(但这还不止于此。)”逐渐过度到“失去蜜蜂事件”导致的最终结果“Anddoyouknowwhatneedtobepollinated?That’sourcrops.(你知道什么需要授粉吗?是我们的作物。)”可知，蜜蜂授粉对于农作物有着重要作用。由此可推知，失去蜜蜂会对农作物在授粉方面有影响，从而影响农作物的产量。由此可知，选项C“Thedeclineofbeesaffectstheproductionofgrain.(蜜蜂数量的减少影响了谷物的产量。)”是作者打算通过2017年的养蜂人事件来告诉我们的。故选C项。2.词义猜测题。通过阅读该段内容可知，后文“Wecan’timaginehowhugethetaskisandhowhardwecarryonit!(我们无法想象这项任务有多么艰巨，我们进行得有多么艰难!)”是对划线单词所在句“It’sinfeasiblethatwegiveeverybeethetreatment.”的进一步解释，后文表达了治疗每一只蜜蜂任务的艰巨性和艰难，由此可知，该任务是“不可能”完成的任务。由此可推知，划线单词“infeasible”应是“不可能”含义，与选项B“Impossible(不可能)”含义一致。故选B项。3.推理判断题。根据文章第四段内容可知，but句“…buta2015studydiscoveredthatbeestransferimmunitytotheirbabiesthroughprotein(但是2015年的一项研究发现，蜜蜂通过蛋白质将免疫力传递给它们的宝宝)”由此可知，该段主要讲述了蜜蜂疫苗可以通过蜂后的繁衍能力将对该蜜蜂疾病的免疫力“遗传”给后代，即，一旦蜂后‘打了’疫苗，蜜蜂的后代就会受益于该疫苗，就可以长期有效。故选D项。4.细节理解题。根据文章最后一段内容“thequeenbeecandrinkthemedicineinalittlesugarwaterandpassitalongtoherlatergenerations.(蜂后可以在一点糖水中喝下药物，并将其传给后代。)”可知，该疫苗的接种方式是通过让蜂后喝下含有药物（疫苗）的糖水传给后代。故选C项。2TheInternetplaysabigpartinhumanlife.Weuseitforworkandpleasure.Weuseittolearnanewlanguage.Wefindadviceonit.Weuseittoconnectwithfamilyandfriends.Weuseittostayintouchwitheventswecareabout.Thelistgoesonandon.Well,thattrainhasleftthestation.ThisexpressionmeansthereisnogoingbacktoanInternet-freelife.ButcanusingtheInternettoomuchbebadforourhealth?Itmightbe,researcherssay.AnewstudyfindsthatheavyInternetusemaybeconnectedtohighbloodpressureinanunlikelygroup:teenagers.Highbloodpressuremakesyourheartandbloodvesselsworktoohard.Overtime,thisextrapressureincreasesyourriskofaheartattack.Highbloodpressurecanalsocauseheartandkidneydisease.Itisalsocloselylinkedtoabraindisease.TheHenryFordHospitalinDetroit,Michigandidthestudy.335youngpeople,from14to17yearsold,tookpartinit.134oftheteensweredescribedas“heavyInternetusers.”Andresearchersfoundthatoutofthese134teens,26hadhighbloodpressure.Theresearcherssaythestudyisthefirsttoconnectheavywebusewithhighbloodpressure.OtherresearchhasconnectedheavyInternetusewithanxiety,depressionandobesity.TheleadresearcherisAndreaCassidyBushrow.Shesaid,“UsingtheInternetispartofourdailylife,butitshouldn’truinus.”Ms.CassidyBushrowaddsthatitisimportantforteenstotakeregularbreaksfromtheircomputersorsmartphonesanddosomekindofphysicalactivity.Shealsosuggeststhatparentslimittheirchildren’suseoftheInternettotwohoursaday,fivedaysaweek.5.Theexpression“thattrainhasleftthestation”inPara.2isusedtoshow________.A.theInternetdevelopsrapidly B.noonecanescapefromtheInternetC.theInternetcanprovidewhateverwewant D.thereisnogoingbacktoanInternetfreelife6.WhatisPara.3mainlyabout?A.Causesofhighbloodpressure. B.Theharmofhighbloodpressure.C.ThedisadvantagesofInternetuse. D.Waystopreventhighbloodpressure.7.AndreaCassidyBushrowwouldagreethat________.A.teenagersshouldn’tusetheInternetB.theInternetwillruinhumanlifeinthefutureC.smartphonesaremoreharmfulthancomputersD.regularbreaksarenecessarywhenusingtheInternet8.Whatcanbeusedasthebesttitleofthepassage?A.HeavyInternetusersaremostlyteenagers B.HowtopreventteenagersfromtheInternetC.ToomuchInternetusemaybebadforteenagers D.Everycoinhastwosides—sodoestheInternet【答案】5.D6.B7.D8.C【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了过多的使用网络对青少年有害，要求父母合理控制孩子的上网时间。5.词义猜测题。根据第一段中“TheInternetplaysabigpartinhumanlife.(因特网在人类生活中扮演着重要的角色)”及列举的我们日常生活中用到因特网的方方面面，在第二段作者引用了这句“thattrainhasleftthestation(其本义为“为时已晚”)”，紧跟着作者用这句话对该习语进行了解释，可知这句话在此处所要表达的意思是：无法回到没有互联网的生活了。故选D。6.主旨大意题。根据第三段“Highbloodpressuremakesyourheartandbloodvesselsworktoohard.Overtime,thisextrapressureincreasesyourriskofaheartattack.Highbloodpressurecanalsocauseheartandkidneydisease.Itisalsocloselylinkedtoabraindisease.(高血压使你的心脏和血管超负荷工作。随着时间的推移，这种额外的压力会增加你心脏病发作的风险。高血压还会导致心脏和肾脏疾病。它还与一种脑部疾病密切相关)”可知，第三段主要在谈论高血压的危害。故选B。7.推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Ms.CassidyBushrowaddsthatitisimportantforteenstotakeregularbreaksfromtheircomputersorsmartphonesanddosomekindofphysicalactivity.Shealsosuggeststhatparentslimittheirchildren’suseoftheInternettotwohoursaday,fivedaysaweek.(Cassidy-Bushrow补充说，青少年要有规律地从电脑或智能手机旁休息一下，做一些体育活动，这很重要。她还建议父母将孩子的上网时间限制在每天两小时，每周五天)”可推知，AndreaCassidyBushrow同意使用互联网时，定期休息是必要的。故选D。8.主旨大意题。根据第二段中“ButcanusingtheInternettoomuchbebadforourhealth?Itmightbe,researcherssay.AnewstudyfindsthatheavyInternetusemaybeconnectedtohighbloodpressureinanunlikelygroup:teenagers.(但是过度使用互联网会对我们的健康有害吗?研究人员说，可能是这样。一项新的研究发现，过度使用互联网可能与一个不太可能的群体的高血压有关：青少年)”结合文章主要讲述了过多的使用网络对青少年有害，要求父母合理控制孩子的上网时间。故C选项“过度使用互联网会对青少年的健康造成损害”最符合文章标题。故选C。3Shouldweallowmodernbuildingstobebuiltnexttoolderbuildingsinahistoricareaofacity?Inordertoanswerthisquestion,wemustfirstexaminewhetherpeoplereallywanttopreservethehistoricfeelofanarea.Notallhistoricalbuildingsareattractive.However,theremaybeotherreasons—forexample,economicreasons—whytheyshouldbepreserved.So,letusassume(假设)thathistoricalbuildingsarebothattractiveandimportanttothemajorityofpeople.Whatshouldwedothenifanewbuildingisneeded?Inmyview,newarchitecturalstylescanexistperfectlywellalongsideanolderstyle.Indeed,therearemanyexamplesinmyownhometownofTourswheremoderndesignshavebeenplacedverysuccessfullynexttooldbuildings.Aslongasthebuildinginquestionispleasinganddoesnotdominate(影响)itssurroundingstoomuch,itoftenimprovestheattractivenessofthearea.Itistruethatthereareexamplesofnewbuildingswhichhavespoilt(破坏)theareatheyarein,butthesamecanbesaidofsomeoldbuildingstoo.Yetpeoplestillspeakagainstnewbuildingsinhistoricareas.Ithinkthisissimplybecausepeoplearenaturallyconservative(保守的)anddonotlikechange.Althoughwehavetorespectpeople’sfeelingsasfellowusersofthebuildings,Ibelievethatitisthedutyofthearchitectandplannertomovethingsforward.Ifwealwaysreproducedwhatwastherebefore,wewouldallstillbelivingincaves.Thus,Iwouldargueagainstcopyingpreviousarchitecturalstylesandchoosesomethingfreshanddifferent,eventhoughthatmightbethemoreriskychoice.9.Whatdoestheauthorsayabouthistoricalbuildingsinthefirstparagraph?A.Someofthemarenotattractive.B.Mostofthemaretooexpensivetopreserve.C.Theyaremorepleasingthanmodernbuildings.D.Theyhavenothingtodowiththehistoricfeelofanarea.10.By“movethingsforward”inthelastparagraph,theauthorprobablymeans“_________”.A.destroyoldbuildingsB.putthingsinadifferentplaceC.choosenewarchitecturalstylesD.respectpeople'sfeelingsforhistoricalbuildings11.Whatisthemainpurposeofthepassage?A.Toexplainwhypeopledislikechange.B.Towarnthatwecouldenduplivingincaves.C.Toadmithownewbuildingshaveruinedtheirsurroundings.D.Toarguethatmodernbuildingscanbebuiltinhistoricareas.【答案】9.A10.C11.D【解析】这是一篇议论文，文章主要讨论了现代建筑是否应该被允许建在古建筑物旁边。9.细节理解题。根据第一段中“Notallhistoricalbuildingsareattractive.(不是所有的历史建筑都吸引人。)”可知，有些历史建筑并不吸引人。故选A项。10.短语猜测题。根据画线短语后的“Ifwealwaysreproducedwhatwastherebefore,wewouldallstillbelivingincaves.Thus,Iwouldargueagainstcopyingpreviousarchitecturalstylesandchoosesomethingfreshanddifferent,eventhoughthatmightbethemoreriskychoice.(如果我们总是复制以前的东西，我们都会生活在洞穴里。因此，我反对复制以前的建筑风格，选择新鲜和不同的东西，尽管这可能是更危险的选择)”可知，作者认为建筑师和规划师有责任新的建筑风格，由此可知，画线短语的意思是“选择新的建筑风格”。故选C项。11.推理判断题。根据全文内容，结合第一段首句“Shouldweallowmodernbuildingstobebuiltnexttoolderbuildingsinahistoricareaofacity?(我们应该允许现代建筑建在城市历史区域的老建筑旁边吗？)”及第二段首句“Inmyview,newarchitecturalstylescanexistperfectlywellalongsideanolderstyle.(在我看来，新的建筑风格可以与旧的风格完美共存。)”可知，本文旨在论述现代建筑可以建在历史悠久的地区。故选D项。4Knowinghowtocommunicatewellneedsverypersonalattentionbetweenyouandanotherhumanbeing.Isthereabetterwaytolearnhowtocommunicateeffectively?Yes,thereis.Pleasefollowthe3basicstepsbelow.*RelaxandbreatheWhetherit'sabusinessmeetingorafirstdate,thefirstthingyoumustdoinordertocommunicateistorelax.Whenyourelax,youareincontrol.Youcontrolyourreactionsandyourreactionsdonotcontrolyou.Breathingiscentraltorelaxation.Takeafewdeepbreathsandyourbodywillbegintobemoreatease.Thiswillhelpyouapplywhatyoualreadyknowabouthowtocommunicatewell.*ThinkandyouwillbepreparedHaveyoueverheardtheoldsaying"thinkbeforeyouspeak"?Well,itistrue.Bythinkingaheadabouthowtheconversationmightflow,youwillbebetterprepared,moreateaseandmoreconfident.*FollowtheflowoftheconversationIfyouareuncomfortable,beingsilentwillonlymakeitworseandmaketheotherpersonuncomfortableaswell.Sowhenallelsefails,followthroughwithsmalltalkuntilacommontopicappears.Agoodwaytokeepaconversationgoingistoasktheotherpersonquestions.Peoplelovetotalkaboutthemselvesandifyoudothis,theywillleavetheconversation,thinkingveryhighlyofyou.Learninggoodcommunicationskillsisnotsomethingoutofreach.Ifyoumakeaneffort,youwillsucceed.12.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleofthepassage?A.HowtoBeginYourConversationEffectively.B.PreparationandConversation.C.PersonalAttentionandCommunication.D.HowtoCommunicatewithPeopleYouMeet.13.Ifyouwanttotalkwithotherssuccessfully,themostimportantthingyoushoulddois________.A.tomakeagoodpreparationfortheconversation.B.totakeasmanydeepbreathsaspossible.C.tokeepcalmandrelaxyourselffully.D.tofollowtheflowoftheconversation.14.Whydoesrelaxationplayanimportantpartinyourgoodcommunication?A.Becauseitcanhelpyoukeepexcitedandreactquicklyinthecommunication.B.Becauseitwillhelpyouorganizegoodsentencesforyourcommunication.C.Becauseitcanhelpyouputyourcommunicationskillsthatyouknowintouse.D.Becausenoonelikestocommunicatewithanervousperson.15.Ifyoufeeluncomfortable,you'dbetter________.A.talksmallthingsuntilyoufindatopicyoubothlike.B.speakfreelysoastorunacrossthetopicyoulike.C.keepsilentinordertogivethechanceofspeakingtoothers.D.askquestionswhichyouareinterestedin.16.What'sthemeaningoftheunderlinedsentence?A.Youwillbegoodatcommunicationifyoutry.B.Goodcommunicationskillscanbelearnedifyoutry.C.Notallpeoplecanlearngoodcommunicationskills.D.Communicationskillscanbeimprovedeasily.【答案】12.D13.C14.C15.A16.B【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一些如何有效沟通的方法。12.主旨大意题。根据第一段“Knowinghowtocommunicatewellneedsverypersonalattentionbetweenyouandanotherhumanbeing.Isthereabetterwaytolearnhowtocommunicateeffectively?Yes,thereis.Pleasefollowthe3basicstepsbelow.（了解如何进行良好的沟通需要你和另一个人之间的个别关注。有没有更好的方法来学习如何有效沟通？是的，有。请遵循以下3个基本步骤。）”可知，文章主要介绍了一些如何有效沟通的方法。所以D选项“HowtoCommunicatewithPeopleYouMeet.（如何与你遇到的人沟通。）”适合作为文章标题。故选D项。13.细节理解题。根据Relaxandbreathe部分的“Whetherit'sabusinessmeetingorafirstdate,thefirstthingyoumustdoinordertocommunicateistorelax.（无论是商务会议还是初次约会，交流时首先要做的就是放松。）”可知，如果想成功地和其他人交流，最重要的就是要镇定并且放松。故选C项。14.细节理解题。根据Relaxandbreathe部分的“Thiswillhelpyouapplywhatyoualreadyknowabouthowtocommunicatewell.（这将帮助你运用你已经知道的如何更好地沟通。）”可知，放松可以帮助你更好地运用你所知道的沟通技巧。故选C项。15.细节理解题。根据Followtheflowoftheconversation部分的“Sowhenallelsefails,followthroughwithsmalltalkuntilacommontopicappears.（所以，当所有这些都失败时，继续闲聊，直到一个共同的话题出现。）”可知，当你感到不舒服时，要继续闲聊，直到找到共同的话题。故选A项。16.词句猜测题。根据划线句下一句“Ifyoumakeaneffort,youwillsucceed.（如果你努力，你会成功的。）”可知，前一句描述的应该是有关努力就有收获的内容，所以划线句“Learninggoodcommunicationskillsisnotsomethingoutofreach.（学习良好的沟通技巧并不是遥不可及的。）”意思应该是只要努力，好的沟通技巧是可以学习到的。故选B项。5Wasyourschoolnoisyorpeaceful?Itmightnotseemimportant,butagrowingbodyofresearchsuggeststhatsoundscanhaveanimpactonlearning,performanceandcreativity.Whetherbackgroundsoundsarebeneficialornotseemstodependonwhatkindofnoiseitis—andthevolume.Inaseriesofstudiespublishedlastyear,RaviMehtafromtheCollegeofBusinessatIllinoisandhiscolleaguestestedpeople'screativitywhileexposedtoasoundtrackmadeupofbackgroundnoises—suchascoffee-shopchatterandconstruction-sitedrilling—atdifferentvolumes.Theyfoundthatpeopleweremorecreativewhenthebackgroundnoiseswereplayedatamediumlevelthanwhenvolumewaslow.Loudbackgroundnoise,however,damagedtheircreativity.Thismakessenseforacoupleofreasons,sayspsychologistDrNickPerham,atCardiffMetropolitanUniversityintheUK,whostudiestheeffectofsoundsonlearningbutwasnotinvolvedinthestudy.Firstly,hesays,soundsthataremostdisturbingtendtobeveryvariable.Ageneralhum(嗡嗡声)inthebackgroundsuggestsasteady-statesoundwithnotmuchvariation."Sothere'snotmuchtheretocaptureyourattention-nothingdisturbingthesubjects,"hesays.Atthesametime,thebackgroundnoisemightcausethesubjectstobeinaslightlyheightenedstateofarousal(觉醒),saysPerham."Mediumarousalisbestforgoodperformance.Soitmightbethatageneralhuminthebackgroundgivesanideallevelofarousal."Withthatinmind,Perhamsuggeststheremaybesomebenefitstoplayingmusicorothersoundsinanartclassorothersituationswherecreativityiskey.Manyteachersallovertheworldalreadyplaymusictostudentsinclass.ManyareinspiredbythebeliefthathearingmusiccanimproveIQintasks,theso-calledMozarteffect.Whiletheevidenceactuallysuggestsit'sastretchtosayclassicalmusicimprovesbrainpower,researchersdothinkpleasantsoundsbeforeataskcansometimesliftyourmoodandhelpyouperformwell,saysPerham,whohasdonehisownstudiesonthephenomenon.Thekeyappearstobethatyouenjoywhatyou'rehearing."Ifyoulikethemusicoryoulikethesound—evenlisteningtoaStephenKingnovel-thenyoudidbetter.Itdidn'tmatteraboutthemusic,"hesays.17.WhichofthefollowingistrueaccordingtothestudiesbyRaviMehtaandNickPerham?A.It'sbetternottoexposepeopletoanybackgroundnoisewhileatwork.B.Construction-sitedrillingshouldbeforbiddenwherethereisaschool.C.Noiseswillharmpeople'shealthhoweverlowtheirvolumesare.D.Acertainlevelofnoisemaydogoodtopeople'screativity.18.AccordingtoDrNickPerham,itcanbeinferredthatinanartclass,teachershadbetter________.A.keeptheclassroomquietB.playmusicatasteadyandmediumvolumeC.broadcastclassicalmusicD.varythevolumeofthemusicconstantly19.Inthelastparagraph,theunderlinedpart"it'sastretch"isusedto________.A.provetheusefulnessofpleasingsoundsB.confirmthebeliefofMozarteffectC.challengetheimportanceofsoftmusicD.castdoubtonthepowerofmusicinraisingIQ20.Whichofthefollowingmightbethebesttitleforthispassage?A.LearningPower:NoiseandMusicWorkB.NoiseMeetingMusic:ABlessing?C.NoiseorMusic:CreativityinDangerD.Brainpower:MoreMusicandLessNoise【答案】17.D18.B19.D20.B【解析】这是一篇说明文。本文主要讲述了声音可以对学习，表现力和创造力产生影响，主要讲述噪音和创造力的关系。17.细节理解题。根据第二段中“Theyfoundthatpeopleweremorecreativewhenthebackgroundnoiseswereplayedatamediumlevelthanwhenvolumewaslow.”（他们发现，当背景噪音处于中等水平时，人们比音量较低时更有创造力。）可知，一定程度的噪音可能对人们的创造力有好处。故选D。18.推理判断题。根据第三段中“Mediumarousalisbestforgoodperformance.”（佩姆说中等程度的唤醒是最好的表现。）及“Withthatinmind,Perhamsuggeststheremaybesomebenefitstoplayingmusicorothersoundsinanartclassorothersituationswherecreativityiskey.”（考虑到这一点，佩姆建议，在艺术课或其他创造力是关键的情况下，播放音乐或其他声音可能有一些好处。）可以推知，在艺术课上老师播放音乐或其他声音可能有一些好处。故选B。19.词句猜测题。根据划线部分的前一句“ManyareinspiredbythebeliefthathearingmusiccanimproveIQintasks,theso-calledMozarteffect.”（许多人的灵感来自于这样一种信念∶听音乐可以提高任务智商，即所谓的莫扎特效应），同时结合划线处后“researchersdothinkpleasantsoundsbeforeataskcansometimesliftyourmoodandhelpyouperformwell”（但研究人员确实认为，在完成任务前发出悦耳的声音有时能提升你的情绪，帮助你表现出色）可以推知，划线部分所在句子的意思为“尽管这个证据表明怀疑音乐在提高智商方面的力量”，即划线部分意为“怀疑音乐在提高智商方面的力量”。故选D。20.主旨大意题。通过第一段“Wasyourschoolnoisyorpeaceful?Itmightnotseemimportant,butagrowingbodyofresearchsuggeststhatsoundscanhaveanimpactonlearning,performanceandcreativity.”（你的学校是嘈杂的还是平静的?这似乎不重要，但越来越多的研究表明，声音可以对学习、表现和创造力产生影响）；第三段中“Mediumarousalisbestforgoodperformance.Soitmightbe...wherecreativityiskey.”（中等唤醒是最好的表现。因此，可能是背景中的一般嗡喻嗡声给出了理想的唤醒水平，考虑到这—点，佩姆建议，在艺术课或其他创造性是关键的情况下，演奏音乐或其他声音可能有—些好处。）可知，本文讲述的是噪音与音乐创作之间的联系。“音乐碰上噪音，会带来好处吗？”可以作为本文最佳标题。故选B。6Therearemanyinterestingscienceexperimentsoutthereforyoungkids.Youcansurpriseyourfriendsandteacherswiththem.Allyouhavetodoistoputalittleeffortintoitandyoushouldhavenoproblemcomingupwithaninterestingscienceexperiment.Onesuchexperimentistoshowyourfriendsandteachersthatyoucanmakemothballs(樟脑丸)dance!Ifyouwanttodoit,first,besurethatyouhavegotallthenecessarysciencekitsforyourscienceexperiment.Whatyouneedforthisexperimentisaglassfilledhalffullwithwater.Addalittlebitofvinegar(醋)toyourglassofwater,about1/3or1/4ofacup(60ml),andoneteaspoon(10ml)ofbakingsoda,andthencarefullystirthemixture.Dropafewmothballsintotheglassandhaveyouraudiencewatch.Aslongasthesurfacesofthemothballsbecomefairlyrough,theyshouldbegintobounceupanddownintheglass.Youcanalsodoasimilarexperimentwithraisins(葡萄干)andpop,suchasCocaCola.Inthisexperiment,allyouhavetodoistofillaglasswithCocaColaanddropafewraisinsintoit.TheraisinsshouldbegintobounceupanddownintheglassofCocaCola.YoucanalsoreplacetheraisinswithmothballsandyoushouldgetthesameeffectintheCocaCola.ThisprojectworksbecausetheirregularsurfacesofthemothballsandtheraisinsholdsomeC02bubbles(气泡),causingthemtobounceupanddowninadancingmotion.21.Thewriterwritesthispassageto________.A.teachkidshowtodoaneasyandinterestingscienceexperimentB.encouragepeopletospendmoretimeonscienceC.tellushowgoodheisatdoingscienceexperimentsD.explainwhysomescienceexperimentsareeasy22.Whatisthemostprobablenameoftheexperiment?A.Producingmothballs. B.Swimmingmothballs.C.Changingmothballs. D.Dancingmothballs.23.Theunderlinedword"pop"inParagraph4probablyreferstoa________.A.drinkwithbubbles B.kindofvinegarC.mothball D.specialkindofraisin24.Fromthelastparagraphwecanknow________.A.whyCocaColahassomeC02bubblesB.whythemothballsbounceupanddownC.whatscientistsusuallydowithraisinsD.whatpeopleusuallyuseCocaColafor【答案】21.A22.D23.A24.B【解析】这是一篇说明文。主要向我们介绍怎么做一个简单而又有趣的科学实验。21.推理判断题。根据第一段中“Therearemanyinterestingscienceexperimentsoutthereforyoungkids.(有许多适合小孩子的有趣的科学实验)”以及“Onesuchexperimentistoshowyourfriendsandteachersthatyoucanmakemothballs(樟脑丸)dance!(一个可以你的朋友和老师展示的这样的实验就是你可以让樟脑丸跳舞)”，再根据文章接下来的段落就是具体介绍了这个实验，可知，作者主要教小孩子怎么做一个简单而又有趣的科学实验，故选A。22.推理判断题。根据第一段的“Onesuchexperimentistoshowyourfriendsandteachersthatyoucanmakemothballs(樟脑丸)dance!(一个可以你的朋友和老师展示的这样的实验就是你可以让樟脑丸跳舞)”可知“跳舞的樟脑丸”是这个实验最可能的名字，故选D。23.词句猜测题。根据第四段中“Youcanalsodoasimilarexperimentwithraisins(葡萄干)andpop,suchasCocaCola.(你也可以用葡萄干和pop做类似的实验，比如可口可乐)”可知，pop指的是类似可口可乐的液体，也就是含有气泡的饮料，故选A。24.细节理解题。根据最后一段中“ThisprojectworksbecausetheirregularsurfacesofthemothballsandtheraisinsholdsomeC02bubbles(气泡),causingthemtobounceupanddowninadancingmotion.(这个实验之所以成功，是因为樟脑球和葡萄干的不规则表面含有一些二氧化碳气泡，使它们以舞蹈的动作上下跳动)”可知，从最后一段我们可以得知樟脑丸为什么会上下跳动，故选B。7"Truefriendshipislikesoundhealth.Thevalueofitisseldomknownuntilitislost,"CharlesCalebColtonsaid.Justlikeinanyotherrelationship,argumentsandfightsarealsopartoffriendship.Youwillhardlyfindfriendswhohaveneverfoughtwithoneanother.Whateverthereasonis,ifapersonfeelsthatheisresponsibleforcausingthedifferences,itisimportantthatheshouldapologizetohisfriend.Thoughyoucanusetheemail,textmessagesorchatforexpressingyourapology,thegoodoldwayofsayingsorrytoyourfriendthroughaletterwillsurelyhaveagreateffectonhim.Thiswillmakeyourfriendrealizethatyoureffortsofsayingsorryaregenuineandthatyoureallycareabouthim.PointstoRemember:Timing:Writetheletteratthepropertime.Itisnotadvisabletoputitofffortoolong.Words:Whileyouarewritingtheletter,whatmattersmostisthatyoutrulyfeelsorry.Sequence:Alwaysbeginbyapologizingandsayingsorryforyourmistake.Thenexplaintohimyoursideofthestory.Inthethirdandlastparagraph,talkaboutwhathisfriendshipmeanstoyouandmakeapromiseofnotrepeatingthemistake.Delivery:Youshouldeitherposttheletterordeliveritpersonallyorthroughsomeoneelse.Youcanalsokeepitatalocationwhereyourfriendwillbeabletofinditeasily.Somepeoplemaytrytopointoutthefriend'smistakewhilewritingtheletter.Avoidthiscompletely,asitcanmakemattersworse.Theletterhastobebriefandshouldonlytalkaboutthesubjectthathasledtoyourapology.Keeppatientanddonotexpectimmediateresults.Insomecases,itmaytaketimeforthepersontoforgiveandforget.25.Whatistheauthor'spurposeofmentioningthesayinginthefirstparagraph?A.Toletreadersstudythefamoussaying.B.Tointroducethetopicofthepassage.C.ToshowwhoisCharlesCalebColton.D.Totellreaderstheimportanceofhealth.26.Whichofthefollowingcanbestreplacetheunderlinedword"genuine"?A.sincere B.generalC.open D.careful27.Whatisthebestwaytoapologizetoothers?A.Sendinganemail. B.Sendingtextmessages.C.Chattingonline. D.Writingaletter.28.Whatshouldyoudowhenwritingaletterofapology?A.Trytopointoutthefriend'smistake.B.Maketheletterlongandinteresting.C.Beginbyapologizingandsayingsorryforyourmistake.D.Writetheimportanceofyourfriendshipinthefirstparagraph.【答案】25.B26.A27.D28.C【解析】本文是一篇说明文。友谊对于人们而言就像健康一样，只有失去时才会知道它的重要价值，文章介绍了如何写道歉信来保护好朋友之间的友谊。25.推理判断题。根据第一段的第一句话“"Truefriendshipislikesoundhealth.Thevalueofitisseldomknownuntilitislost,"CharlesCalebColtonsaid.(CharlesCalebColton说，真正的友谊就像健康一样重要，失去时才知道它的价值)”以及第二段中“Thoughyoucanusetheemail,textmessagesorchatforexpressingyourapology,thegoodoldwayofsayingsorrytoyourfriendthroughaletterwillsurelyhaveagreateffectonhim.(虽然你可以用电子邮件、短信或聊天来表达你的道歉，但通过一封信向你的朋友道歉的这样的好方法肯定会对他产生很大的影响)”，可知本文主要说明了写道歉信保护朋友之间的友谊，不要等到失去了才知道友谊的价值。由此测提到这句格言是为了引入文章的主题。故选B项。26.词句猜测题。根据第二段划线句上文“Thoughyoucanusetheemail,textmessagesorchatforexpressingyourapology,thegoodoldwayofsayingsorrytoyourfriendthroughaletterwillsurelyhaveagreateffectonhim.(虽然你可以用电子邮件、短信或聊天来表达你的道歉，但通过一封信向你的朋友道歉的这样的好方法肯定会对他产生很大的影响)”可知，写信向朋友道歉会对他影响很大，this指代上文提到写信道歉的事，结合选项的词义，可推断划线句句意：这会让你的朋友意识到你努力道歉是真诚的，你真的关心他，and连接并列成分，划线词与careabout是并列关系，综上，故划线词与A项“真诚的”相近，故选A项。

27.细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Thoughyoucanusetheemail,textmessagesorchatforexpressingyourapology,thegoodoldwayofsayingsorrytoyourfriendthrough