定语从句十二字解题法课件-2022届高三英语一轮复习

定语从句十二字解题法

一、定句从句的概念及基本构成1.构成：名词/代词

++定从关系词关系代词关系副词头脖子身体Heistheman.Isawhimyesterday.Heistheman

whom/thatIsawyesterday.判断定语从句中的关系词所充当的成分Isawthemanwhom/thatIsawyesterday.Doyoukonwthemanwho/thatisstandingoverthere.Heisnotthemanthatheusedtobe.Basketballisagamewhich/thatispopularwithyoungpeople.Thisisthepenwhich/thatheboughtyesterday.Isawahousewhosewindowisred.Iknowthemanwhosefatherisadoctor.Irememberthetimewhenwestudiedtogether.ThisisthehousewhereIlivedtwoyearsago.Iknowthereasonwhyshewaslatethismorning.宾主表

主宾定定时状地状原状2.关系词关系代词关系副词who(人，主)which(物，主、宾)that(人/物，主、宾、表)whom(人，宾)whose(人/物，定)aswhen，where，why(状)when指代介词+时间名词where指代介词+地点名词why=forwhich,which指代thereason二、十二字解题法

定什么，带什么，缺什么，补什么Thisistheroomwelivedin.welived.句意成立inwhichthat×inwhichwhere(介+关代可用关副词代替)(theroom)(theroom)三、关系代词that与which的区别共性：都可以指物用which不用that的情况指物时1.介词后的关系代词2.先行词是that或those时3.非限制定句从句中不能用thatDoyoulikethebook

theytalk?Wehavethat

weneed.Water,

isaclearliquid,hasmanyuses.aboutwhichwhichwhich用that不用which的情况1.先行词为指物的不定代词或数词2.先行词既指人又指物3.先行词被very,theonly，序数词及形容词最高级修饰4.关系代词在定语从句作表语5.Therebe开头的句子，先行词指物6.主句是以who,which开头的特殊疑问句Whoisthepersonthatisstandingatthegate.四、关系代词that与who的区别注：记住什么情况下用who就可以了1.先行词指人的those/one/ones2.先行词为I/you/he等人称代词3.以therebe开头的句子，先行词指人Thereisaprettygirlwhowantstoseeyou.五、关系代词的选择1.定语从句是限定性还是非限定性如非定限定性从句不能用that2.先行词指人，还是指物如指人who,whom,指物that,which3.句子所缺成分缺主宾表/定(whose)/状(when,where,why)六、介词+关系代词的考查介词+关系代词

which(先行词指物)whom(先行词指人)90%10%介词+whoseThisistheheroweareproud.weareproudof.句意成立ofwhomthatwhom×(thehero)(thehero)of七、非限制性定语从句非限定从：有逗号,无连词，缺成分非限定从中不能用关系词that,whyHegotthefirstprize,

madehisparentshappy.whothatwhichwhenasas与which的区别which表因果as表正如which八、关系代词as引导的定语从句考点1：与which区别共性：引导非限定从和限定从；指代前面整个句子区别：引导非限定从，as可放于句首或句末

which只能放于句中。及参考第七点考点2：与that区别

限定从：thesamesuchsuch判别依据：缺成分用as，不缺成分用thatHeissuchateacher

wealllikehim.Heissuchateacher

wealllike.thatasas+句子that+句子九、定从的主谓一致的问题定语从句的谓语动词与先行词保致一致注意theoneof+复名，theonlyoneof+复名作先行词，考查先行词的选取theoneof+复名先行词为复名theonlyoneof+复名先行词为theonlyoneHeistheonlyoneoftheboyswho/thatis

givenaprize.

十、way,time,reason作先行词的定语从句中，关系词的选取Idisliketheway

hespeaks.Doyourememberthetime

hetoldusjustnow.Canyoutellmethetime

we’llhavethemeeting.Thereason

hegaveislame(无说服力的).注：不要看到time就用when，place就用where,reason就用why.考虑用十二字解题法解决。inwhich/that/不填Which/that/省略whenthat1.____isknowntousallisthatthe2008OlympicGameswilltakeplaceinBeijing.A.ItB.WhatC.AsD.Which（2008福建）2.Themanpulledoutagoldwatch,______weremadeofsmalldiamonds.(2008陕西卷)A.thehandsofwhomB.whomthehandsofC.whichthehandsofD.thehandsofwhich3.TheScienceMuseum,____________wevisitedduringarecenttriptoBritain,isoneofLondon’stouristattractions.（2008江苏卷）

A.which B.what C.that D.where4.Theroadconditionsthereturnedouttobeverygood,___wasmorethanwecouldexpect.（全国卷II）A.itB.whatC.whichD.that5.ItwasinNewZealand___ElizabethfirstmetMr.Smith.（全国卷II）A.thatB.howC.whichD.when6.I’llgiveyoumyfriend’shomeaddress,______Icanbereachedmostevenings.（08北京卷）

A.whichB.whenC.whomD.where7.Villagersheredependonthefishingindustry,_____therewon’tbemuchwork.(2008上海春招)A.whereB.thatC.bywhichD.withoutwhich8.Wewentthroughaperiod_____communicationswereverydifficultintheruralareas.(2008