广东省广州市外国语2022-2023学年八年级上学期期中考试英语试题（解析版）

2022-2023学年第一学期期中质量检测八年级英语试题卷本试卷共7页，67小题，满分100分。考试用时100分钟。注意事项：1.答卷前，考生务必在答题卡上用黑色钢笔或签字笔填写自己的学校、班级、姓名，同时填写考生号、座位号，再用2B铅笔把对应这两个号码的标号涂黑。2.选择题每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其它答案。3.非选择题必须用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域的相应位置上；如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新的答案，改动的答案也不能超出指定的区域；不准使用铅笔、圆珠笔和涂改液。不按以上要求作答的答案无效。4.考生必须保持答题卡的整洁，考试结束，将答题卡交回。一、单项选择(共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分)1.Lastmonth,________

studentstookpartinthesportsmeetinginourschool.A.twohundreds B.hundredsof C.twohundred

of D.hundredof【答案】B【解析】【详解】句意：上个月，数百名学生参加了我们学校的运动会。考查数词的表达。表示确切的数量，用基数词+数词单数形式；表示概数，用数词的复数形式+of，四个选项中只有B表达正确，故选B。2.—Whataboutdoing________forthehomeless?—Goodidea!A.anythinghelpful B.somethinghelpful C.helpfulsomething D.helpfulanything【答案】B【解析】【详解】句意：——为无家可归的人们做点有帮助的事情怎么样？——好主意！考查不定代词及形容词位置。something用于肯定句，当句子表示请求或建议时用于疑问句；anything用于疑问句或否定句。根据“Whataboutdoing…forthehomeless?”可知，表示请求，希望得到对方肯定回答，所以用不定代词something，形容词修饰不定代词，要放在不定代词的后面。故选B。3.Myparentsoftenaskme________toomuchtime________computergames.A.don’tspend;playing B.nottospend;toplayC.tonotspend;toplay D.nottospend;playing【答案】D【解析】【详解】句意：我父母经常叫我不要花太多时间玩电脑游戏。考查非谓语动词。asksbnotodosth“告诉某人不要做某事”，故第一空填nottospend。spend+时间+doingsth“花费时间做某事”，动名词作宾语，故选D。4.Shedoesnoteat________he.A.asmanyfoodas B.asmorefoodas C.asmuchfoodas D.foodasmuchas【答案】C【解析】【详解】句意：她吃的食物不如他多。考查原级比较。asmanyas和……一样多：asmuchas和……一样多。as...as“和……一样……”，中间加形容词/副词原级，可排除B选项；food是不可数名词，需用much修饰。故选C。5.—Wouldyoulike________chicken?—OK.Just________please.A.somemore;alittle B.somemore;afewC.anymore;alittle D.anymore;afew【答案】A【解析】【分析】【详解】句意：——你想再来点鸡肉吗？——好的。请稍加一点。考查代词。some用于肯定句和表示请求建议的句型；any用于否定句和疑问句；afew一些，修饰可数名词；alittle一些，修饰不可数名词。根据“Wouldyoulike”可知，是请求建议的句型，因此第一空“somemore”符合句意；再者根据“chicken”可知，是鸡肉，是不可数名词，因此第二空“alittle”符合句意。故选A。二.语法选择(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)Manychangeshavetakenplaceinpeople’slifeinthepast20years.Inthepast,people___6___intouchwitheachotherby___7___letters.Peoplewouldlistentotheradiofornewsand___8___informationwhentheywerefree.People___9___gotoworkorschoolbybike,___10___nowtheydon’thaveto.Theycanchatwitheachother___11___thetelephoneorontheInternet.Whentheyarefree,theycanwatchTVorsurftheInternet.Peoplecan___12___oracarwhentheygoout.Somepeopleare___13___totaketheirchildrentoschoolintheirowncars.Nowmoreandmorepeopleliveinbigandbrightflats___14___lotsofrooms.Inaword,peoplehavea___15___lifethanbefore.Wearereallyhappyaboutthegreatchanges.6.A.keep B.have C.had D.kept7.A.send B.sends C.sending D.sent8.A.other B.theother C.another D.others9.A.areusedto B.usedto C.areusedfor D.useto10.A.so B.and C.but D.or11.A.on B.at C.to D.in12.A.tookabus B.bybus C.takeabus D.bythebus13.A.enoughrich B.poorenough C.richenough D.enoughpoor14.A.of B.with C.without D.about15.A.thebest B.good C.well D.better【答案】6.D7.C8.A9.B10.C11.A12.C13.C14.B15.D【解析】【导语】本文讲述了二十年来人们的生活发生了巨大的变化。【6题详解】句意：在过去，人们通过写信彼此保持联系。

keep保持；have有；had有，动词过去式；kept保持，动词过去式。keepintouchwith“保持联系”，是固定短语。根据“Inthepast”可知句子是一般过去时，故选D。

【7题详解】句意：在过去，人们通过写信彼此保持联系。send发送；sends动词三单；sending动名词；sent动词过去式。空前by是介词，后加动名词作宾语，故选C。【8题详解】句意：当人们有空的时候，他们会听广播获取新闻和其他信息。other其他的；theother两者中的另一个；another三者及以上的另一个；others其他人/物。根据“listentotheradiofornewsrmation”可知是指其他信息，表示泛指，应用other，故选A。【9题详解】句意：人们过去骑自行车上班或上学，但现在他们不必这样做了。areusedto被用于，后加动词原形；usedto过去常常，后加动词原形；areusedfor被用于；useto使用。根据“People...gotoworkorschoolbybike,”可知此处是指过去常常做某事，应用usedtodo，故选B。【10题详解】句意：人们过去骑自行车上班或上学，但现在他们不必这样做了。so所以；and和；but但是；or或者。根据“gotoworkorschoolbybike...nowtheydon’thaveto.”可知前后是转折关系，应用but，故选C。【11题详解】句意：他们可以在电话或互联网上互相聊天。on在……上；at在；to到；in在……里面。根据“thetelephone”可知是指在电话里，应用介词on，故选A。【12题详解】句意：人们可以乘公共汽车或汽车外出。tookabus乘公共汽车；bybus乘公共汽车；takeabus乘公共汽车；bythebus错误表达情态动词can后加动词原形，故选C。【13题详解】句意：有些人很富有，用自己的车送孩子上学。enoughrich错误表达；poorenough足够穷；richenough足够富；enoughpoor错误表达。根据“theirchildrentoschoolintheirowncars.”可知用自己的车送孩子上学，说明很富有，故选C。【14题详解】句意：现在越来越多的人住在宽敞明亮有很多房间的公寓里。of……的；with和；without带有；about关于。根据“liveinbigandbrightflats...lotsofrooms.”可知指是带有很多房间的公寓，应用介词with，故选B。【15题详解】句意：总之，人们的生活比以前更好了。thebest最好的；good好的；well好；better更好。根据“than”可知应用比较级，故选D。三、完形填空(共10小题，每小题1分，共10分)LucaheardastoryabouttheIslandofInventionswhenhewasveryyoung.Thestorywassounbelievabletohim.Afteryearsofstudy,he___16___gotquiteaclearideaoftheisland.Itwasasecret___17___fullofgreatinventors,soLucawantedtogotheretolearnandinventwiththem.Lucaspenttheyearsofhisyouthinventing.Everynewideahegot,hemadeitintoaninvention___18___.Later,hemetotheryoung___19___andtoldthemthesecretoftheisland.Thoseinventorswouldalsodreamofgettingtheinvitation（邀请）totheisland.SotheymetinLuca’shouseandputtheirinventionstogether.Theirinventionsbecame___20___acrosstheworldsoon.Manypeopleknewandlovedusingthem.Butstill,noinvitationcame.Theydidn’t___21___andkeptlearning.Theytriedtocomeupwithbetterideastoimprovepeople’slife.Manyyearslater,Lucabecamevery___22___.Hetoldayoungmanthesecretoftheisland,andhowthey___23___hardfortheinvitation.Feeling___24___,theyounginventorasked,“What?Youmeanhereisn’treallytheIslandofInventions?Theletteryousentmeisn’ttherealinvitation?”Lucalookedathim,and___25___thathehadbeenontheisland.Healsoknewthatnoislandwouldbebetterthanwherehewasatthetime.16A.hardly B.easily C.finally D.greatly17.A.place B.present C.person D.moment18.A.suddenly B.quickly C.brightly D.quietly19.A.doctors B.speakers C.workers D.inventors20.A.different B.expensive C.strange D.famous21.A.giveup B.takein C.putdown D.throwaway22.A.young B.strong C.old D.tall23.A.dreamt B.waited C.worked D.connected24.A.bored B.pleased C.interested D.surprised25.A.remembered B.realized C.forgot D.imagined【答案】16.C17.A18.B19.D20.D21.A22.C23.C24.D25.B【解析】【导语】本文主要讲述了卢卡为了得到去发明岛的邀请信，多年来不断努力工作，不断发明新东西来提高人们的生活，很多年以后才意识到没有哪个岛会比他当时所在的地方更好。【16题详解】句意：经过多年的研究，他终于对这个岛有了相当清楚的了解。hardly几乎不；easily容易地；finally最后；greatly极大地。根据“Afteryearsofstudy”可知，经过多年研究，最终很了解这个岛。故选C。【17题详解】句意：这是一个秘密的地方，到处都是伟大的发明家，所以卢卡想去那里和他们一起学习和发明。place地方；present礼物；person人；moment时刻。根据“It”可知，代指上文的“island”，故选A。【18题详解】句意：他有了新想法，很快就把它变成了一项发明。suddenly突然地；quickly快地；brightly明亮地；quietly安静地。根据“Lucaspenttheyearsofhisyouthinventing.”可知，此句是说他有了新想法，很快就把它变成了一项发明，故选B。【19题详解】句意：后来，他遇到了其他年轻的发明家，并告诉他们这个岛的秘密。doctors医生；speakers演讲者；workers工人；inventors发明家。根据“Thoseinventors”可知，是遇到其他发明家，故选D。【20题详解】句意：他们的发明很快就在全世界闻名。different不同的；expensive昂贵的；strange奇怪的；famous著名的。根据“Manypeopleknewandlovedusingthem.”可知，他们的发明很出名。故选D。【21题详解】句意：他们没有放弃，继续学习。giveup放弃；takein吸收；putdown放下；throwaway扔掉。根据“keptlearning”可知，没有放弃而是坚持学习，故选A。【22题详解】句意：许多年以后，卢卡很老了。young年轻的；strong强壮的；old老的；tall高的。根据“Manyyearslater”和生活常识可知，变老了。故选C。【23题详解】句意：他告诉一个年轻人这个岛的秘密，以及他们是如何为得到邀请而努力工作的。dreamt梦到；waited等待；worked工作；connected连接。workhard“努力工作”，固定搭配。故选C。【24题详解】句意：年轻的发明家感到很惊讶。bored无聊的；pleased开心的；interested感兴趣的；surprised惊讶的。根据“What?Youmeanhereisn’treallytheIslandofInventions?Theletteryousentmeisn’ttherealinvitation?”可知，这个年轻人知道这里不是真正的发明岛，感到很惊讶。故选D。【25题详解】句意：卢卡望着他，意识到他曾到过岛上。remembered记住；realized意识到；forgot忘记；imagined想象。根据“hehadbeenontheisland.”和上文的内容可知，卢卡意识到这个年轻人来过这里。故选B。四、阅读(共20小题,满分35分）第一节阅读理解(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)(A)ThomasEdisonlituptheworldwithhisinventionoftheelectriclight.Withouthim,theworldmightstillbeinthedark.However,theelectriclightwasnothisonlyinvention.Healsoinventedthemotionpicturecameraanmanyotherthings.Abouteverytwoweekshecreatedsomethingnew.ThomasEdisonwasbornin1847.Heattendedschoolforonlythreemonths.Hismothertaughthimathome,butThomaswasmostlyself-educated.Hestartedexperimentingatayoungage.Whenhewas12yearsold,hegothisfirstjob.Hebecameanewsboyonatrain.Hedidexperimentsonthetraininhissparetime.Unluckily,hisfirstworkexperiencedidnotendwell.Theyfiredhimwhenheaccidentallysetfiretothefloorofthetrain.ThenEdisonworkedforfiveyearsasatelegraphoperator,buthecontinuedtospendmuchofhistimeinexperimentinghisfirstpatent(专利权)in1868foravoterecorderrunbyelectricity.ThomasEdisonwastotallydeafinoneearandhardofhearingintheother,buthethoughtofhisdeafnessasablessinginmanyways.Itkeptconversationsshort,sothathecouldhavemoretimeforwork.Healwaysworked16outofevery24hours.Sometimeshiswifehadtoremindhimtosleepandeat.ThomasEdisondiedattheageof84.Heleftagreatmanyinventionsthatgreatlyimprovedthequalityoflifeallovertheworld.26.HowoftendidEdisonmakeanewinvention?A.Abouteveryfourteendays. B.Abouteverysevendays.C.Aboutonceaweek. D.Abouttwiceaweek.27.Whatdoes“It”inparagraphfourreferto?A.hearing B.deafness C.blessing D.work28.Whatcanbethebesttitleofthepassage?A.Thefunctionoftheelectriclight. B.Edisonandhisexperiments.C.Theimportanceofinventions. D.ThewholelifeofEdison.【答案】26.A27.B28.D【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文，文章讲述托马斯·爱迪生的出生、教育、生活、工作和发明直至他的去世，他整个一生的经历。【26题详解】细节理解题。根据“Abouteverytwoweekshecreatedsomethingnew.”可知大约每两周，他就会创造一些新的东西。故选A。【27题详解】词义猜测题。根据“buthethoughtofhisdeafnessasablessinginmanyways.Itkeptconversationsshort”可知在很多方面，爱迪生认为耳聋是一件幸事。这让对话变得简短。所以it指的是耳聋，故选B。【28题详解】最佳标题题。根据“ThomasEdisonlituptheworldwithhisinventionoftheelectriclight.”以及全文可知，本文主要讲述了爱迪生的一生。故选D。（B）Herearesomepiecesofinformationfromanencyclopaedia.ProtozoaProtozoaarethesmallestanimals.Wecan’tseethem,buttheydoalotforus.Protozoaareusefulforfishandotheranimals.Someprotozoaaregoodforhumanbeingsbyeatingdangerousbacteria(细菌),butsomeparasites(寄生虫)makehumanbeingsill.FishThereareover20,000differentkindsoffish.Someofthemareverysmall,butsomearebig.Forexample,thewhalesharkisover60feetlong.Mostfishbreathethroughgills.Gillsmakethemgetoxygeninwater.Mostfishusefinsandtailsforswimming.AmphibiansAmphibianshaveeggsinwater,andyoungamphibiansarelikesmallfish.Thetadpolelivesinwater.Ithasatailandgills.Soitcanbreatheunderwater.Whenitbecomesafrog,itdoesn’thavethegillsorthetail,butthenithaslegsforwalkingonland.Mostamphibianscanbothwalkonlandandswiminwater.29.Thepassageisabout__________.A.humanbeings B.plants C.animals D.water30.__________canbothwalkonlandandswiminwater.A.Allamphibians B.Fewamphibians C.Notallamphibians D.Everyamphibian31Whatdoestheunderlineword“gills”meaninChinese?A.尾巴 B.心脏 C.肝 D.鳃32.WhichofthefollowingisNOTTRUE?A.Youngamphibiansarefish.B.Mostfishusefinsandtailsforswimming.C.Fishandlittleamphibianshavegills.D.Wecan’tseeprotozoabecausetheyaresmall.【答案】29.C30.C31.D32.A【解析】【导语】本文主要介绍了一本百科全书中的一些动物。【29题详解】细节理解题。根据“Protozoaarethesmallestanimals.”可知本文讲述的是动物，故选C。【30题详解】细节理解题。根据“Mostamphibianscanbothwalkonlandandswiminwater.”可知大多数两栖动物既能在陆地上行走，也能在水中游泳，不是所有的两栖动物都可以，故选C。【31题详解】词义猜测题。根据“Mostfishbreathethroughgills.Gillsmakethemgetoxygeninwater.”结合常识可知鱼靠腮呼吸，故选D。【32题详解】细节理解题。根据“Amphibianshaveeggsinwater,andyoungamphibiansarelikesmallfish.”可知幼小的两栖动物像小鱼，而不是鱼，故选A。(C)Forher85thbirthday,IgavemymotherSusananiPad.She’dneverusedacomputer.ShehadatryingrelationshipwithherTVremotecontrolandapainfulexperiencewithhermobilephone.However,thistimeshewasdyingtolearnabouttheiPad.Shebelievedthatifshedidn’tkeepupwithtechnology,shewouldfindherselfinacomputerizedkitchen,“unabletoopenacanofsoup”.OurfirsttaskwasemailShequicklylearnedthebasicrulesbutcouldn’tunderstandwhyshehastoemailotherswhenshecouldphoneorvisitinperson.Next,wedealtwithNetflix,thewidely-usedvideowebsite.MomisamovieloverandshewassurprisedbythenumberofcrimemoviesthatNetflixcanoffer.OneSaturday,shecalledmebecauseshewashavingtroubleloggingonto(登录)Netflix.Isuggesteditmightrequireanupdate.“Theyprobablyhavefewerpeopleworkingasit’salongweekend,”shetoldme.Later,shetaughtherselftolearnFaceTimeandstartedherexperimentswithpodcasts,andevenstartedemailinghergrandchildren.Asshebecamemorefamiliar,shebeganwonderingaboutalltheicons(图标),sowesetupaweeklylecture,whichtakesplaceonthephone,eachofuswithouriPads.Oneday,Itriedfor45minutestohelpherfindthesearchbar.“Itlookslikeamagnifyingglass(放大镜),”Ikeptsaying.Finally,sheasked:“Youmeanthefryingpan?”Unexpectedly,shemadegreatprogress.NowshebecomesinterestedinE-booksandevencheckthemoutinthemiddleofthenight.ShewatchesTVseriesandknowswhat’spopular.It’sgreattoseehowmuchherconfidencehasgrown.Yesterday,sheFaceTimedme.“I’vemadeadecision,”shesaid.“I’mgoingtolearnhowtooperateeverypieceoftechnologyintheapartment—includingtheTVremote.”However,Istillcan’twaitforthedaywhenwecansitdowninpersonandsurftheInternettogether.33.WhydidSusandecidetolearntouseaniPad?A.Tokeepupwiththetimes. B.Toconnectwithherfamily.C.Tobettercontrolherkitchen. D.Tokeepintouchwithherfriends.34.WhichofthefollowingshowsthecorrectorderofSusan’sexperience?a.Shebeganemailinghergrandchildren.b.Sheaskedtheauthoraboutthesearchbar.c.ShereceivedaniPadasabirthdaypresent.d.Shemetdifficultiesinloggingontothevideowebsite.e.Shedecidedtolearnaboutthetechnologiesintheapartment.A.c-d-a-b-e B.c-e-d-a-b C.e-c-d-a-b D.e-a-d-b-c35.WhichwordbestdescribesSusan?A.Honest. B.Independent. C.Curious. D.Humorous.36.Whatistheauthor’swritingpurpose?A.Tosuggesthowtohelptheelderlearnnewtechnologies. B.Tocriticizemoderntechnologyasunfriendlytotheelder.C.Toshowtheimportanceoflearningnewtechnologies. D.Tosharehermother’sinterestinglearningexperiences.【答案】33.C34.A35.C36.D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者85岁的母亲学习使用平板电脑的事情，母亲充满好奇心和决心，最终学会了使用方法。【33题详解】细节理解题。根据“Shebelievedthatifshedidn’tkeepupwithtechnology,shewouldfindherselfinacomputerizedkitchen,‘unabletoopenacanofsoup’.”可知，作者的母亲决定学习使用平板电脑是为了更好地控制厨房。故选C。【34题详解】排序题。根据“Forher85thbirthday,IgavemymotherSusananiPad....OneSaturday,shecalledmebecauseshewashavingtroubleloggingontoNetflix....evenstartedemailinghergrandchildren...Oneday,Itriedfor45minutestohelpherfindthesearchbar....I’mgoingtolearnhowtooperateeverypieceoftechnologyintheapartment—includingtheTVremote.”可知Susan的经历顺序是：她收到了一个iPad作为生日礼物——她在登录视频网站时遇到了困难——她开始给孙子孙女们发电子邮件——她问了作者关于搜索栏的问题——她决定了解一下公寓里的技术。故选A。【35题详解】推理判断题。根据“Asshebecamemorefamiliar,shebeganwonderingaboutalltheicons”及Susan对学习使用平板电脑的过程，可推出她是很有好奇心的。故选C。【36题详解】主旨大意题。文章讲述了作者85岁的母亲学习使用平板电脑的事情，母亲充满好奇心和决心，最终学会了使用方法。由此可知作者的写作目的是分享妈妈有趣的学习经历。故选D。(D)StudentsaimingtoenterTsinghuaUniversitythisyearhadbetterbeabletoswimorbepreparedtolearnswimmingandpassaswimtestsincethetopuniversitywillnotgrantbachelor’sdegreesiftheycannotswim.ThisSeptember,would-befreshmenatTsinghuaUniversitywillhavetotakeswimmingcoursesiftheyfailaswimmingtestatthebeginningoftheiruniversitylife,andtheywon’treceivetheirdegreesiftheycannotswimbeforetheirgraduation,accordingtoamessageatauniversitystaffmeetingdaysago,theBeijingDailyreportedonMonday.Potentialfreshmenwithchronicdiseases,skindiseaseorhydrophobia,onceexaminedandaffirmedbymedicalstaff,don’tneedtotaketherequiredtestorcourse.Plansareforfreshmentotakethetestduringtheirmilitarytraining.Inthetest,studentswillpassthetestiftheycanswim50meters,nomatterwhethertheychoosethebreaststroke,butterfly,stroke,freestyleorbackstroke.Thosefailingthetesthavetotakeacompulsoryswimmingcourse.“NowTsinghuaUniversitywillteststudentsinlong-distancerunningandswimming,sostudentswithpoorsportsperformancewillhavetoovercomealotofdifficultiesoncetheyentertheuniversity,”saidastudentsurnamedZhangfromtheSecondHighSchoolAttachedToBeijingNormalUniversity.However,studentsdon’tneedtoworrymuch,sinceLiuBo,headoftheDivisionofSportsScienceandPhysicalEducation,saidrelevantstatisticsshowedthat90percentofstudentscanswimaftertakingthecompulsoryswimmingcourseintheirsecondyearofuniversity,andtheremaining10percentwillreceiveinstructionafterclassprovidedbyteachers,withoutpayingextratuition.AndseeingtheabilitytoswimasamustforstudentstoearntheirdegreesisnotsomethingnewinTsinghuaUniversity,asthisabilitywaslistedonitsschoolregulationsintheearly20thcentury.“Asearlyas90yearsago,TsinghuaUniversityrequiredthatstudentscannotgraduatefromtheuniversityorstudyoverseasiftheycannotswim,thoughtherequirementdidn’tworklateronsincetheswimmingpoolsatthecampuscouldnotaccommodateincreasinglymorestudents”saidLiu.37.Whowillnotgettheirbachelor’sdegreesofTsinghuaUniversity?A.Studentswhodon’ttakeacompulsoryswimmingcourse.B.Studentswhofailaswimmingtestinthefirstyear.C.Studentswhoswim100metersinthetest.D.Studentswhocannotswimbeforetheirgraduation.38.Studentsdon’tneedtotaketheswimmingtestorcourseiftheyhavethefollowingdiseasesexceptfor_______.A.heartdisease B.skindisease C.chronicdisease D.hydrophobia39.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingisTRUE?A.Studentswithpoorsportsdon’tneedtoworryabouttheirperformanceatall.B.Studentshavetopayextratuitioniftheyreceiveinstructionafterclass.C.Studentscanchooseanyswimmingstyletotakethetest.D.TsinghuaUniversityhasnevermadesuchaschoolregulationbefore.40.Whereisthepassageprobablyfrom?A.anovel B.anewsreport C.sciencefiction D.adiary【答案】37.D38.A39.C40.B【解析】【导语】本文主要介绍了清华大学增加了对于学生游泳这项技能的考核，文中详细地介绍了要求以及这样所带来的好处。【37题详解】细节理解题。根据“...willnotgrantbachelor’sdegreesiftheycannotswim.”可知，如果他们在毕业前不会游泳，就不能获得学位，故选D。【38题详解】细节理解题。根据“Potentialfreshmenwithchronicdiseases,skindiseaseorhydrophobia,onceexaminedandaffirmedbymedicalstaff,don’tneedtotaketherequiredtestorcourse.”可知，有慢性疾病、皮肤病或恐水症的新生，经医务人员检查确认后，无需参加规定的考试或课程，没有提到心脏病，故选A。【39题详解】推理判断题。根据“Inthetest,studentswillpassthetestiftheycanswim50meters,nomatterwhethertheychoosethebreaststroke,butterfly,stroke,freestyleorbackstroke.”可知，学生可以选择任何泳姿参加考试，C表述正确，故选C。【40题详解】推理判断题。本文通过介绍清华大学增加了对于学生游泳这项技能的考核，来强调游泳这种锻炼的重要性，所以可能来自新闻报道。故选B。第二节阅读填空(共5小题，每小题1分，共5分)Doyouknowthenumbers0—9well?TheyarenumbersinArabicnumerals.Peopleusethemtomarknumbersnow.____41____.About2,500yearsage,peopleinRomeusedtheirhandstocount.InRomannumerals,onefingermeans1,twofingersmeans2,threefingersmeans3,fourtimersmeans4.Ifyouwanttosayfive,youcankeepyourfourfingerscloseononesideandyourthumbontheotherside.Makeeachofyourhandsbefive,thenyou’llhaveten.____42____.Also,“L”meansfifty,“C”meansonehundred,“D”meansfivehundredand“M”meansonethousand.____43____.Today,fewpeopleusethembecausetheyaredifficulttowriteandcount.Butwecanstillseethemonsomewatchesandclocks.Today,mostpeopleusetheArabicnumerals.Theyareeasytorememberandwrite.____44____Infact,IndiansfirstcreatedandusedtheArabicnumerals.Inthelate8thcentury,peopleinArabiccountrieslearnedaboutthem.____45____.SopeopleinEuropecalledthemArabicnumerals.Today,peoplearoundtheworlduseArabicnumeralsandtheyhelpalot.A.SoinRome,thenumbersare“I,II,III,IVVI,VII,VIII,IX,X”.B.Theyhelppeopletocountthingseveryday.C.Butit’snottheonlynumbersystemthatpeopleuse.D.ThentheArabicpeopletookthemintoEurope.E.ButthereisnozeroinRomannumerals.【答案】41.C42.A43.E44.B45.D【解析】【导语】本文介绍了阿拉伯数字和罗马数字。【41题详解】根据“Doyouknowthenumbers0—9well?TheyarenumbersinArabicnumerals.Peopleusethemtomarknumbersnow.”可知现在的人们用阿拉伯数字中的数字来标记数字，选项C“但它并不是人们使用的唯一数字系统。”符合语境，故选C。【42题详解】根据“InRomannumerals,onefingermeans1,twofingersmeans2,threefingersmeans3,fourtimersmean...”可知是指罗马数字，选项A“所以在罗马，数字是“I,II,III,IV,VI,VII,VIII,IX,X”。”符合语境，故选A。【43题详解】根据“Also,‘L’meansfifty,‘C’meansonehundred,‘D’meansfivehundredand‘M’meansonethousand.”可知在罗马数字中“L”表示五十，“C”表示一百，“D”表示五百，“M”表示一千。选项E“但是罗马数字里没有零。”符合语境，故选E。【44题详解】根据“Today,mostpeopleusetheArabicnumerals.Theyareeasytorememberandwrite.”可知今天，大多数人使用阿拉伯数字。它们易于记忆和书写，选项B“它们每天帮助人们计算东西。”符合语境，故选B。【45题详解】根据“SopeopleinEuropecalledthemArabicnumerals.Today,peoplearoundtheworlduseArabicnumeralsandtheyhelpalot.”可知阿拉伯数字传入了欧洲，选项D“然后阿拉伯人把它们带到了欧洲”符合语境，故选D。五、写作(共四节，满分40分)第一节语篇填词(共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分)阅读短文，根据上下文及所给单词的首字母写出所缺单词。注意使用正确形式，每空限填一词。Sharedbikesareveryp___46___inChina.Wecanseemoreandmorepeopleridingsharedbikesi___47___ofdriving.Sharedbikesaresop___48___thattheyhelpusalotinourdailylives.Thegreatestadvantageofsharedbikesisthattheyallowpeopletoborrowandreturnabikea___49___andanywhere.Theycanbeeasilyunlocked.Itisconvenientforpeopletoridethemoverashortd___50___.Afterpeoplefinishriding,theycanparkthebikeatavailableparkingareas,lockitandpayfortheridethroughmobilepaymentservices.【答案】46.(p)opular47.(i)nstead48.(p)opular49.(a)nytime50.(d)istance【解析】【导语】本文主要介绍了共享单车的受欢迎程度以及它的便利性。【46题详解】句意：共享单车在中国很受欢迎。are后接形容词作表语，结合首字母p可知，共享单车很受欢迎，popular“受欢迎的”，故填(p)opular。【47题详解】句意：我们可以看到越来越多的人骑共享单车而不是开车。根据“ridingsharedbikes…ofdriving”及首字母可知，骑共享单车代替开车，insteadof“代替”，故填(i)nstead。【48题详解】句意：共享单车很受欢迎，它们在我们的日常生活中帮助我们很多。根据“Sharedbikesareso…thattheyhelpusalotinourdailylives”及首字母可知，在日常生活中能帮到人们很多，很受人们喜欢，故填(p)opular。【49题详解】句意：共享自行车最大的优点是，他们允许人们随时随地借用和归还自行车。根据“theyallowpeopletoborrowandreturnabike…andanywhere”及首字母可知，允许人们随时随地借用和归还自行车，anytime“任何时候”，故填(a)nytime。【50题详解】句意：人们在短程内骑它们很方便。根据“Itisconvenientforpeopletoridethemoverashort”及首字母可知，此处指短距离，distance“距离”，故填(d)istance。第二节完成句子(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)51.我们终于弄清楚了这次事件的真相。Wefinally________________thetruthofthisevent.【答案】①.found②.out【解析】【详解】根据中英文对照可知，此处缺少“弄清楚”，其英文表达为findout；结合语境可知本句是一般过去时，find的过去式为found。故填found；out。52.昨天一班向二班挑战进行了一场篮球比赛。ClassOne______ClassTwo_____abasketballmatchyesterday.【答案】①.challenged②.to【解析】【详解】根据中英文对照可知，空处应填“向……挑战”。challenge...to...“向……挑战”。根据句意可知句子是一般过去时，动词用过去式，故填challenged；to。53.她列了一张清单，以便不会忘记买什么东西。Shemadeashoppinglist__________________shewouldn’tforgetanything.【答案】①.so②.that【解析】【详解】“以至于…...”是sothat，引导目的状语从句，相当于inorderthat，故填so和that。54.你一定没留意到小偷，否则钱包不会被偷。Youmust________________________thethief,oryourwalletcouldn’tbestolen.【答案】①.be②.unaware③.of【解析】【详解】根据句意，结合英语分析，可知此处缺少“没留意”。“没留意”也就是“不知道，不注意”的意思，用beunawareof；must后接动词原形。故填be；unaware；of。55.Lily比我更擅长算数。Lilyis________________me________calculating.【答案】①.better②.than③.at【解析】【详解】根据中英文对照可知，此处缺少“比某人更擅长……”，其英文表达为bebetterthansbat...。故填better；than；at。第三节默写句子（共3小题，每小题2分，满分6分）56.整个村子很快知道，有一大笔钱丢失了。________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】Thewholevillagesoonlearntthatalargesumofmoneyhadbeenlost.【解析】【详解】thewholevillage“整个村子”；soon“很快”；learn“了解”；that引导宾语从句；alargesumofmoney“一大笔钱”；belost“丢失”，主句用一般过去时，从句用过去完成时，故填Thewholevillagesoonlearntthatalargesumofmoneyhadbeenlost.57.他由于被人发现而感到非常吃惊，甚至都没有企图逃跑。________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】Hewassosurprisedatbeingdiscoveredthathedidnoteventrytorunaway.【解析】【详解】he“他”；so...that...“如此……以至于”，引导结果状语从句；besurprisedat“对……感到惊讶的”，后加动名词；beingdiscovered“被发现”；even“甚至”；trytorunaway“企图逃跑”。句子是一般过去时，主语谓语动词应用was；从句否定应借助助动词didnot。故填Hewassosurprisedatbeingdiscoveredthathedidnoteventrytorunaway.58.虽然汤普森临睡觉时把灯关了，但早晨灯却都亮着。________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】Although/ThoughThompsonturnedoffthelightswhenhewenttobed,theywereoninthemorning.【解析】【详解】分析句子可知，本句是一个让步状语从句，可以用although/though引导，根据语境可知，本句应用一般过去时。从句谓语turnedoffthelights“把灯关了”；从句中有一个时间状语从句whenhewenttobed“临睡觉时”；Thompson“汤普森”；主句谓语theywereon“灯却都亮着”；inthemorning“在早晨”。故填Although/ThoughThompsonturnedoffthelightswhenhewenttobed,theywereoninthemorning.第四节首字母填空（共8小题，每小题0.5分，满分4分）59.Punchingpowera________withbrainpower.【答案】(a)lternates【解析】【详解】句意：击打力与脑力交替进行。根据“Punchingpowera…withbrainpower.”可知，此处表示“击打力与脑力交替进行”。alternate“交替”符合语境，主语Punchingpower是不可数名词，时态是一般现在时，动词用其三单形式。故填(a)lternates。60.MymumsaidIshouldlearnboxingfors________.【答案】(s)elf-defense【解析】【详解】句意：我妈妈说我应该学习拳击来自卫。根据“learnboxing”及首字母提示可知，学习拳击来自卫，self-defense“自卫”符合句意。故填(s)elf-defense。61.It’sallabouttakinganironingboardtoaremotelocation,whereyouthenp________toironyourclothes!【答案】(p)repare【解析】【详解】句意：这一切都是为了把熨衣板带到一个偏僻的地方，然后准备熨衣服！根据“It’sallabouttakinganironingb