附件一职业培训资源库建设国培课件国陪

河道调查与修复

湖南工艺美术职业学院李固枝1984-1992

Itravelacrosschina,andfoundthatwhatIlearntcannotsavemylandandpeopleIbegintosearchforabiggerlandscape,thelandscape

1996.Ivisitmyhomeland,andwhatIsawwastotallyoppositetowhatIhavelearntaboutagoodcityTheWhiteSandStreamofMyvillagehadbeendestroyedin10years!198619961.ThelittlefooturbanismandlittlefootAesthetic小脚美学与小脚城市主义

Thisrevolutionbeginswithquestioningsomeofthebasicvalues

Formorethanathousandyears,youngChinesegirlswereforcedtobindtheirfeetinordertobeabletomarrycitifiedelites,andthenatural“big”feetwereconsideredrusticandrural.

Unhealthy,anddeprivedofproductivity,lowperformanceandstink,but“beautiful”SacrificesfunctionfortheornamentalvalueUrbanity(citifiedsmallfoot)vs.Rustic(ruralbigfoot,欧洋画)城市（小脚丫）乡下（大脚丫）Theunhealthy,anddeprivedofproductivity,lowperformancebutconsideredtobe“beautiful”Healthy,productive,highperformancebutconsideredtobe“rustic”

fashionmodels’anorexia,adisordermostcommonamongpeopleinhighersocioeconomicclassesand/orinvolvedinactivitiesinwhichthinnessisespeciallyvalued,suchasdancing,andtheater.24January2009A20-year-oldBrazilianmodelwhosefeetandhandswereamputatedduetoaninfectionhasdiedinhospitalUrbandesigntoelevatecitysophisticatesaboveruralbumpkins,haverejectednature’sinherentgoalsof:health,survival,andproductivity.uralVs.UrbaneBigfootVs.Littlefoot乡下----城市Theaestheticsandurbanitydefinedbythehighclass,andthecitified所谓高雅化实际上是剥夺健康，换取畸形的过程UnhealthybeautydeformedrookerytwistedtreesBigFootLandscape真实的桃花源，大脚景观，丰产而美丽Naturaldisasters,includingfloods,droughts,earthquakes,landslides,soilerosion,aswellastheexperienceoffieldmaking,irrigationandfoodproduction,hastaughtourancestorstheartofsurvivaltocreateandmaintaintheLandofPeachBlossomsofhighperformance:productive,healthy,safe,beautifulandmeaningfulLittleFootLandscape贵族的虚假的桃花源，小脚景观ButthishighperformanceLandofPeachBlossomshasnotbeenappreciatedbynoblesandhighsocialclass,duetoitsassociationwiththelowerculture,thecommonlandscapeofsurviving,andhardworkandlowclass.

Instead,thefakeLandofPeachBlossomsoflowperformanceforpleasure-making,usingornamentsandfalserockeryweremade.Eventhepeachtreesbearnofruits.

Littlefooturbanismandthelittlefootaesthetics:

Themassivemovementofpopulationfromruraltourbanareasisarecentphenomenon.Theaestheticizedlandscapesdefinedbyaprivilegedurbanminoritypriortothe20thcenturyarenowaMeccatothemasses,justlikethepeasantgirlswiththeirbigfeet,wtheyareareeagertobindtheirfeet,togentrifythemselvesphysicallyandmentally.小脚城市主义和小脚美学21世纪史无前例的城市化，给小脚美学和小脚城市主义提出挑战中国是这场挑战的前沿500yearfloodcontrollingdikesurroundingHainanIsland,thelastundevelopedparadise

So,webindthenaturalfeetforbeinginthecity

因此，我们包裹自然之脚以换取城市性

Sowegentrifythelandscapebyturningthemessyandproductiveintouselessness“beautiful”因此，我们迫不及待地将“乡土”城市化——新农村建设榜样Rural:CropsalongcountryroadUrban：OrnamentalsalongnewcountrySoweturnthemessyandproductiveforbeautifuluselessness因此，我们急于将粗野和丰产变为高雅而无用Landscapetobe“urbanized”Gentrifymessyandrusticforbeingwasteful因此，我们急于将粗野和丰产变为高雅而无用Sowedeformedtheheadforthe“beauty”因此，我们压扁其头颅换取畸形的美丽LandmarkbuildingsinShanghaiSowetwistedthebodyforthe“beauty”因此，我们扭曲其肢体而换取畸形的高雅ThedreambuildingsofDubaiCementsteelcoal

TheconsumptionofbuildingmaterialinChinaascomparedtothewholeworld,

Butwheredotheygo?我们耗费其多，却为那般？

TheNationalStadium:uses50,000tonsofsteel(originally136,000tons),500kg/squaremeterSowejumbothebodyfor“beautifuluselessness”

Wheredoesthesteelgo?buildgrandeurmonumentalbuildingsjustforshow

因此，我们努力使城市与建筑成为巨无霸，无尽地挥霍钢材却为了无用的展示

TheCCTVTower:250kg/squaremeter,10timesasmuchasanormalofficebuildingTheNationalOperaHouseTheartofurbanityofthehightechTheDreamCity:bound,deformed,andjumbo,andornamental…..the“urban”,turnouttobethedentist’stoolboxorDisneyland:Shanghai梦中的城市，原来是牙科大夫的工具箱：被裹足的巨物ShanghaiHowcanwesurvive?400citiesinshortageofwater75%surfacewaterpolluted

50%wetlanddisappearedDraught:400of662citiesinshortageofwater,20millionpeopleareinshortageofdrinkingwater,InBeijing,undergrounddrops1.0metereachyear.

Flood:annualflooddamagecost100billionUS$,10millionpeopleliveinflood

plainPollution:75%ofthenation’ssurfacewaterispolluted,64％ofcities’undergroundwaterispolluted,1/3ofthenationalpopulationareunderthethreatofdrinkingwaterpollutionHabitatloss:50%wetlanddisappearedinthepast50years

brownfieldofChina中国棕地2.TheBig

Footrevolution我们要革命，大脚的革命

It’stimeforarevolution-----Big

FootrevolutionTwostrategies两大战略2.1Strategy-1 TheNegativeApproachandthenewintegration: ThespatialStrategytoloosetheboundonthefeet,tobuildecologicalinfrastructures(EI)acrossscalestoprovideMaximumEcosystemServices第一大战略：“反规划”建立生态基础设施，提供生态系统服务Aspatialintegrationacrossscaleandprocesses:Theecologicalinfrastructure(greeninfrastructure)

新的整合，维护自然大脚，提供生态服务

ThedisintegratingapproachTheintegratingapproachAvoidfloodandretainwaterS:sitedesignbasedon,1squarekilometers基于生态基础设施的地段设计

2.1Strategy-2TheNewAesthetics-----“BigFoot’Aesthetics第二大战略：新美学，大脚美学

Bigfootisbeautiful!!Andhowtomakeitso大脚是美的，如何欣赏和设计

#1MakefriendswithFloods与洪水为友浙江台州永宁江案例

TheFloatingGardensofYongningPark

Thisprojectdemonstratesanecologicalapproachtofloodcontrolandstormwatermanagement,whilealsoeducatingpeopleaboutothersolutionstofloodcontrolbeyondengineering.

Theparkunderdevelopment:Concretewasremoved,diverseterrainontheriverbedandalongtheriparianplanewerelaidtocreatevarioushabitatsfornativeplants,andtheriverbankwasgraded,allowingpeopletoaccessthewater.

解放大脚Theecologicallyrecoveredriparianwetlandconducivetothenaturalprocessesoffloodingandnativespeciesisalsoaccessibletopeople，野草之美，大脚之美Anenvironmentalinstallationofcolumnstellsthestoryofmartialart(gongfu),forwhichthetownHuangyanisfamous.Thecolumnsallowwatertodrainduringthefloodingseasonandcreatealivelyatmosphereforvisitorstoenjoy

Theman-madewetland(lake)outsidetheriverbankrunsparalleltotheriver.Anetworkofbridgesandpaths,dottedwithstoryboxes,isoverlaid.

#2Goproductive:ProductiveLandscapeintegratedwithstormwatermanagement:

theRiceCampusofShenyangArchitecturalUniversity

Area:about100Ha.TheRicepaddyarea:2haDesign:01/2003Built.09/2003Thedesignhadtocontendwiththefollowingexistingsiteconditionsandbudgetarylimitations:

(1)Anabandonedfarm

(2)Smallbudget

(3)ShorttimelineJan.2003-Sept.2003

(4)Identity

Thesolutionistogrowrice

Waterareharvested,

crops(riceandbuckwheat)areusedforthelandscape,

frogsandfishesareraisedtokeeptheecologicalbalanceanddoubletheproductivity.

Onthisbackground,thepathsacrossthefieldsconnectdifferentfunctionalbuildings,studyplatformsaredistributedforoffclassusesThepathsacrossthefieldsareconnectionsbetweendifferentfunctionalbuildings(betweenstudentdormitoriestoclassroomsandlaboratories).TheRicePlantingDay:thefirstSaturdayaftermidMaywasdesignatedasthericeplantingdayfortheuniversity.Studentsandfacultymemberswillcelebratetheplantingofriceseedlings.Itisanunforgettableanduniqueexperiencetothestudents,andisbecominganintegralpartoftheuniversityculture.

Sheepareraisedtoconsumetheleftoverofthenativecrops

Ricefieldsaremadepenetrableusingconcretenarrowpaths,thatallowstudentsandfacultytotouchandfeeltherice.

AprofessoronhiswaytoclassTheRiceHarvestingDay:ThelastSaturdayofOctobereachyearwasdesignatedastheRiceHarvestingDay,whenallthestudentsandfacultymembersparticipateinharvestingthetheirownrice.ThiswaythelonglosttraditionofricecultureinChinabecomesacampusculture.Somericepatchesweredeliberatelyleftonthefieldstolastuntilthewinterthatgiveabrightandwarmcolortothecoldatmosphere

Winter:birds’paradiseGoldenRicebecomesanicon:thericeproducedonthecampusisharvestedanddistributedas“GoldenRice,”servingbothasakeepsakeforvisitorsoftheschool,andalsoasasourceofidentityforthenewlyestablished,suburbancampus.

#2aFromtheArtofSurvivaltotheartbeyondsurvival:ChicagoGrantParkEcologicalurbanismandbigfootaestheticscallfortheintegrationofartintotheproductiveandrusticnatureandman-madelandscape.Theprocessof“gentrification”willimprovetheaestheticsofthearea,butnotdetractfromitsproductive,healthynature.TheChicagoArtFieldisourdemonstrationofthisprinciple.DesignStrategiesWaterHarvestingWatertomakeaproductivelandscapeharvestingStormwaterLakeShowthevideo#3Valuetheordinaryandrecycletheexisting

ZhongshanShipyardPark

珍惜足下文化与遗产，

循环再生：中山岐江公园

11hectares，builtin1950s，bankruptedin1999，smallbuttypicalofsocialistindustry,1500losttheirjobs.TheDesignApproachesPreserve:nodesign--preservenativehabitats,water,andculturalelementsReuse:toreuseexistingstructures,materialsandformsfornewfunctionsRecycle:todigesttheexistingforms,materialsandgeniuslocitore-createnewformsfornewfunctionsandforvisualizingandstrengtheningthemeaningsofthesitelowerwaterlevelmiddlewaterlevelhigherwaterTheretiredworkers,everymorningtheycomeheretogether,andtherailbecomethelinkbetweenthemandthepast.AstageforfashionshowNewdesign:therecycleofspiritsTheredbox:thememoryofthepastandtheconnectionbetweengenerations#4MinimizeInterventionandMaximizeReturn

TheRedRibbonpark,QinghuangdoaCity,HebeiProvinceHowcanwemakeuseofnaturalprocessesandservices,butwithminimuminterventionThesite:

1.Attheperipheryofthecity,developmentisunderway,wanttobeurbanizedand“modernized”

2.excellentvegetation,goodecologicalcondition

3.dirty,garbagedump,andsecurityproblem

4.inaccessibleGoogleearth#5HelpnaturetorecoverandLetnaturedothework

TheAdaptationPalates

TianjinQiaoyuanPark

Ecologicalrecoveryofadesertedsite

formultipleeco-servicesTianjin