201X-201X学年高中英语Module1BasketballPeriod3Grammar语法专题课构词法（转换和派生）课件外研版选修7

Module1Basketball

Period3

Grammar

语法专题课构词法(转换和派生)【课前热身】1.理解以下句子并试着写出average在句中的含义和词性。①Hefinishedhisfirstseason(1984—1985)asoneofthetopscorersintheleague,withanaverageof28.2pointspergame.(意义:_____词性:_____)

平均名词②Duringthistime,theaveragenumberofpointshescoredwasmorethan30pointspergame.(意义:_______词性:_______)③ChamberlainistheonlyNBAplayerwhoaveraged

over50pointspergameforanentireseason.(意义:_______词性:_____)平均的形容词平均为动词2.理解以下句子并写出黑体单词在句中的含义。①Sheshowedatalentformusicwhenshewasatanearlyage. ()Thatgirlbecameamusicianlater. ()音乐音乐家②Iwonderifyoucouldhelpmewiththisproblem.()Whatawonderfulfilmwewatchedthatnight! ()疑惑,想知道精彩的③Whenherdogdied,Alicedidn’tseemtocareatall.()Sheisalwaysacarefulgirl. ()Shealwaysdoesherhomeworkcarefully. ()关心细心的细心地【课堂诠解】1.转换法。(1)一个词不变化其词形,而由一种词性转换为另一种或几种词性,这种语法现象叫作词性转换。(2)词性转换通常包括以下几种类型:①名词转换为动词。例如:eye

n.眼睛→v._____dress

n.衣服→v._______注视穿衣服②动词转换为名词。例如:show

v.展示→n._____plant

v.种植→n._____③形容词转换为动词。例如:slow

adj.慢的→v._________correctadj.正确的→v._____展览植物放慢速度改正④名词转换为副词。例如:back

n._____→adv.向后,回原处⑤副词转换为动词。例如:down

adv.向下→v._____⑥形容词转换为名词。例如:good

adj.好的→n.__________后背下降善行;好处2.派生法。(1)在一个词的词根前面或后面加上某个词缀来构成新词,这种构词法叫作派生法。(2)常见前缀及含义:前缀意义例词un-不unimportant,unfair,unlikeim-/in-不impossible,invisibledis-不,非dislike,dishonestre-再,重retell,rewrite,recycle前缀意义例词mis-错误地mistake,misunderstandinter-在……之间international,Interneten-使encourage,enablekilo-千kilometer,kilogram(3)常见后缀及含义:后缀意义例词-er/-or/-ist指人的身份worker,inventor,artist-ful充满……的thankful,useful-ish有……属性childish,foolish-ance指行为状态performance-ian指人的身份musician后缀意义例词-less缺乏,没有careless,homeless-en使变得widen,strengthen-tion/-ment变为名词operation,improvement-y/-al/-able变为形容词windy,national,comfortable用所给词的适当形式填空。①(2021·浙江高考)Butsomethingmadeherlookcloser,andshenoticeda____________(shine)object.②(2021·全国卷Ⅱ)Wallsmadeofadobetakeintheheatfromthesunonhotdaysandgiveoutthatheat______(slow)duringcoolnights,thuswarmingthehouse.shiny/shiningslowly③(2021·全国卷Ⅲ)Itis________(certain)funbutthelifestyleisalittleunreal.④Icannotcontrolmybodywell.Mylegsbecome_______(pain).certainlypainful【名师指津】改变词义或词性揭秘前缀通常改变词义,不改变词性。例如:like(像)→unlike(不像);后缀