选择性必修第四册 高三（人教版高中英语）一轮复习训练英语试题（七）

高三第一轮复习训练题英语（七）选择性必修四一、单句填词（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）请在空白处填入一个适当的词以使句子完整。1.EthnicminoritygroupsinChinaareoftene_________tospecialfundsfromthegovernment.2.Whenthejourneyended,Zac’sadventurereceivedwidespreadmediac_________.3.Afterhe_________(辞职)fromhisjob,hestartedtotravelaroundtheworld.4.Findingsomethingthatsuitsmypassionishighonmylistof_________(priority).5.TheybelievedifAIcanhandletaskslike_________(calculate)anddrivingforus,wewillhavemoretimeforcreatingandthinking.6.Hetriedtohelpbyworkingonalight___________(suspend)fromtheceiling.7.Hehadawell-developedsenseofhisown__________(superior).8.Weregretthisserviceis__________(暂时)unavailable.9.Butbyany__________(criterion)thisworkisworthittousaswell.10.Itwouldbekindof__________(贪婪)tofocusonmoneyandfameratherthanonsomethingmoremeaningful.二、根据中文释义补全或翻译下列句子（共10小题；每小题2分，满分20分）11.在某个时候，我们每个人可能都渴望去打破日常生活的常规，尝试新事物。 Atonetimeoranother,eachofusprobably________________________________breaktheroutineofdailylifeandtrysomethingnew.12.作为英国政坛的重要人物，丘吉尔独领风骚。AsamajorfigureinBritishpolitics,Churchillwas______________________________________________.13.水是每天理所当然的珍贵资源。 Waterisapreciousresourcethatwe________________________onadailybasis.14.我们需要做更多的实验，然后才能得出结论。 Moretestsshouldbeconductedbeforewecan________________________________.15.就个人而言，关于澳大利亚我最喜欢的是澳大利亚人。 Personallyspeaking,________________________________aboutAustraliaisthepersonthemselves.16.在我们的教学楼前面矗立着两棵大树，它们让我们的校园更加美丽。(完全倒装句)__________________________________________________________________17.“一带一路”倡议由中国政府在2013年提出，有力支持了许多参与国的经济发展。(过去分词作状语)__________________________________________________________________18.我匆忙赶到了车站，却发现我要搭乘的火车已经开走了。（不定式作状语）__________________________________________________________________19.我希望我能自律，充分利用网络学习。（wish虚拟语气）__________________________________________________________________20.他在演讲中想要传达给观众的是构建人类命运共同体的重要性。（relayto）__________________________________________________________________三、阅读理解（共4小题；每小题2.5分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。Horseshoecrabsusedtobeeverywhere.Millionsofyearsbeforedinosaurswanderedontheplanet,eachspring,thecreaturesgatheredtolayeggsalongthebeachesoftheAtlanticcoast.Later,migratoryshorebirdsliketheredknotlearnedtoflyupfromSouthAmericatojointhemforafeast.Thecrabs'eggsgavethebirdstheenergytheyneededtokeepflyingnorthtobreedintheArctic.Buthumansbegantowantsomethingfromthecrabs,too—theirblood.Inthe1960s,scientistsdiscoveredthattheskybluebloodinsidehorseshoecrabswouldclot(凝结)whenitdetectedbacterialtoxins(毒素).Vaccines,drugsandmedicaldeviceshavetobesterile(灭菌的)beforethey'reputinsidepeople.Abettertoxin-detectionsystemmeantlessinfectionriskforpatients,sofishermensoonstartedcollectingandsellingtheseanimalstobebled.Aman-madealternativewaslaterinventedandhassincebeenapprovedinEuropeasanequivalenttotheingredientthatrequireshorseshoecrabs.ButintheU.S.,thebloodharvestisn'tshrinking.It’sgrowing.FivecompaniesalongtheEastCoastbleedover700,000crabsin2021.Sincethen,thenumberofcrabsbledbytheindustryhasmorethandoubled.Recordsindicatethatinsomestates,fishermenpaidbythecompanieshavehandledcrabsinwaysthatcauseharmorhaveviolatedharvestlawswithoutpunishment.Meanwhile,theprocessofapprovingthealternativeintheU.S.hasstoppedevenasthenumberofbirdsintheskyhasdecreased.Thefederalgovernment

announced

oneofthemigratoryshorebirdspeciesthatdependsonhorseshoecrabeggs,theredknot,asthreatened.About94%ofredknotbirdshavedisappearedoverthepast40years.“We’reupagainstthissystemthatreallyprioritizesmoneyoverthehealthofthestock,”saidLarryNiles,awildlifebiologistandleaderofthenonprofitHorseshoeCrabRecoveryCoalition.“Andtheconsequencesshowit.”Accordingtothepassage,whatdoweknowabouthorseshoecrabs?Theyareprehistoriccreatures.Theymainlyfeedontheredknotbirds.TheyaretakentotheArctictobreedbyshorebirds.TheycanonlybeseenonthebeachesoftheAtlanticcoast.Whydohumanswantthebloodofhorseshoecrabs?Tomakehugeprofit.B.Tomakemedicaldevices.TopreventpeoplefromgettingsickD.Tohelpdiscoverthetoxinsofbacteria23.Theunderlinedwordinparagraph3canbereplacedby________.A.ExistingB.BoomingC.DroppingD.Changing24.Whathastheindustryofdraininghorseshoecrabsledto?A.Thehighincomeoffishermen.B.Theextinctionoftheredknotbirds.C.Theapprovalfortheman-madealternative.D.Thepreferenceformoneyovercrabs’health.四、七选五（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项多余选项。Peopletakeupvolunteeringforlotsofdifferentreasons:somewanttogivesomethingbackwhilstotherswanttomeetnewpeopleorlearnnewskills.25Onceyouhavedecidedtogivesomeofyourtimetohelpothers,youneedtomakesomedecisions.Chooseacharityororganization.26Youmighthaveaparticularcharityinmind—perhapsyouhavebeenaffectedbysomeoftheissuesthatacharityaimstosupport,likecancerorchildrenwhoneedhelp.Decideonthekindofwork.Doyoupreferhands-onwork?Areyougoodwithpeople?27Charitiesneedvolunteerstoworkinshops,managefundraisingevents,drivevehiclesor,inthecaseofanimalcharities,walkdogs.28Givethecharityyourdetailsandasktobeconsideredfortherolesthatyouareinterestedin,orjustaskifthereisanythingtheythinkyoucandotohelp,ifyouhavenofirmideaaboutwhattypeofpositionyouwouldlikeyet.Considerhowmuchtimeyouwanttocommit.Don’tover-commitandthenregrethavingnosparetime.Mostcharitieswouldpreferyoutoofferlesstimeregularlythanmoretimeeverynowandagain.Therewillstillbepoststhatsuityouifyouwanttojusthelpoutoccasionally.29A.Applyforsuitablepositions.B.Thinkaboutyourexistingskills.C.Howcanyouofferhelptocreateawebsite?D.Whatsortoforganizationdoyouwanttohelp?E.Doyouhaveabackgroundinadministrationwork?F.Thinktwicebeforeapplyingandmakethebestuseoutofyourvaluabletime.G.Whateverthereason,charitiesreallyrelyonvolunteerstocarryouttheirwork.五、课文填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写一个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的适当形式填空。Asanadult,oneofthefirstquestionsyouareaskedwhen30(meet)someonenewis,“Whatdoyoudo?”Thisisbecauseyourcareerisan31(extreme)importantpartof32youare.Thecareeryouhave33(define)yourlife,andsotakingtimetothinkaboutitis34essentialexerciseforyoungpeople.Thebesttime35(start)thinkingaboutpossible36(career)iswhileyouarestillatschool,beforeyoumakeanychoicesaboutyourfurthereducation.37,thisisnotalwayseasy.Somepeoplehavethe38(aware)ofwhattheywanttodofromayoungage,butmanyothersjusthaveafewideas39(bounce)aroundintheirheads.六、完形填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。LiuYuchun,a74-year-oldfarmerfromHenanprovince,has40anewgoalforhimselfasheisabouttograduatefromalocalcollege.Nowhewantstopreparefor41studiesatPekingUniversity.Liu42inthenationalcollegeentranceexam,or

gaokao,fivetimes.Hewasfinally43toPuyangVocationalandTechnicalCollegein2020.Amongotherthingsduringhisfouryearsofstudyatthecollege,Liu44morethan4,500Englishwords.Holdinga(an)45Englishvocabularybook—nowoldandtorn,withsomepartsgluedtogether,and46withannotations(注释)—Liusaidbookshavehelped47hishopesanddreams.“Afterhardstudyatcollege,nowIhavea48toprepareforthepostgraduateentranceexamatPekingUniversity,studyinglaworeconomics,”hesaid.Liustayedinhishometownandfoundedafoodfactoryafter49topassthenationalcollegeentranceexamin1978.In1992,hemadeaninvestment50,causinghisfamilytolosealmosteverything.“Alloftheseexperiencescamefrom51education,soI52cametobelieveintheimportanceofknowledge,”hesaid.“Weshouldnot53timeontheinternetandmobilephones,but54readmorebooksandpursueourdreams.”40.A.quitB.missedC.achievedD.set41.A.languageB.temporaryC.postgraduateD.undergraduate42.A.participatedB.engagedC.succeededD.cheated43.A.admittedB.assignedC.invitedD.dedicated44.A.inventedB.memorizedC.speltD.wrote45.A.best-sellingB.brand-newC.outdatedD.yellowed46.A.dottedB.loadedC.decoratedD.corrected47.A.carryB.changeC.fuelD.destroy48.A.taskB.restC.chanceD.plan49.A.managingB.failingC.tryingD.aiming50.A.mistakeB.choiceC.designD.project51.A.arangeofB.amassofC.ahandfulofD.alackof52.A.firmlyB.barelyC.hardlyD.mainly53.A.spendB.spareC.wasteD.limit54.A.alsoB.stillC.ratherD.then七、书面表达（满分15分）你校即将举办英语演讲比赛，请你以“TheSignificanceofSharing”为题写一篇演讲稿参赛，内容包括：分享的重要性；你的分享经历和感受；注意：1.词数100左右；2.题目已为你写好。TheSignificanceofSharing_________________________________________________________________________2023-2024学年度南昌市高三第一轮复习训练题英语（七）参考答案一、单句填词1.entitled2.coverage3.resigned4.priorities5.calculating6.suspended7.superiority8.temporarily9.criteria10.greedy二、补全或翻译下列句子11.haveanurgeto12.inaleagueofhisown13.takeforgranted14.cometoaconclusion15.whatIlikemost16.Infrontofourteachingbuildingstandtwobigtrees,whichaddtothebeautyofourschool.17.IntroducedbytheChinesegovernmentin2013,theBeltandRoadInitiativehasstronglysupportedtheeconomicdevelopmentofmanyparticipatingcountries.18.Ireachedthestationinahurry,onlytofindthetrainIwastotakehadalreadyleft.19.IwishIhadbeenself-disciplinedandmadefulluseofonlinelearning.20.Whathewantedtorelaytotheaudienceinhisspeechwastheimportanceofbuildingasharedfutureformankind.三、阅读理解21-24：ADCB【解析】本文为一则新闻，报道了企业大量使用马蹄蟹的血液进行医学研究致使其数量急剧减少的现状。21.A由第一段“Millionsofyearsbeforedinosaurswanderedontheplanet,eachspring,thecreaturesgatheredtomate...”可知马蹄蟹早在恐龙出现以前就已经在地球上存在了，故选A。22.D由第二段“scientistsdiscoveredthattheskybluebloodinsidehorseshoecrabswouldclot...”以及“Abettertoxin-detectionsystemmeantlessinfectionriskforpatients,sofishermensoonstartedcollectingandsellingtheseanimalstobebled.”可知科学家发现马蹄蟹的蓝色血液在遇到病毒的时候会凝固，因此它的血液可用用来探测细菌中的毒素，故选D。23.C由该段中“ButintheU.S.,thebloodharvestisn’tshrinking.It’sgrowing.”一句中可知，人类对马蹄蟹的买卖没有减少反而在增加，故选C。24.B由第四段中“...evenasthenumberofbirdsintheskyhasdecreased.”以及“Thefederalgovernment

announced

oneofthemigratoryshorebirdspeciesthatdependsonhorseshoecrabeggs,theredknot,asthreatened.About94%ofredknotshave

disappeared

overthepast40years.”可知马蹄蟹数量的减少导致该鸟类成为濒危物种，故选B。四、七选五25-29：GDEAF【解析】本文为说明文，介绍了在成为志愿者之前需要考虑的四个单方面。25.G本句作为过渡，衔接上文提到的人们选择做志愿者的原因，并引出做志愿者需要考虑的方面，故选G。26.D根据小标题，本段关注机构的选择，后面有一个例子作为对上文的解释。“你可能心中已经有了一个特定的慈善机构——也许你是受到了某个慈善机构支持的一些事宜的影响…”，故选D。27.E三个并列的反问句，指向工作任务选择的依据，包括兴趣、能力、经验。“你有从事行政工作的经历吗？”故选E。28.A根据本段内容，“向慈善机构提供你的详细信息……如果在你对自己想要什么样的职位还没有明确的想法的情况下，你可以直接问问他们是否有什么你可以帮忙的？”可知本段的主题——申请岗