mk 2011年职称英语等级考试真题理工类

Mr.Henleyhasacceleratedhissaleofsharesoverthepast Marshaconfessedthatsheknewnothingof Theviewfrommybedroomwindowwasabsolutely Thepolicebelievethemotiveforthemurderwas Atthattime,wedidnotfullygraspthesignificanceofwhathad Theyconvertedthesparebedroomintoan Andersonleftthetable,remarkingthathehadsomeworkto Weneedtoextracttherelevantfinancial Janesaidthatshecouldn’ttoleratethelong Weexploredthepossibilityofexpansionatthe Hisshoeswereshinedto Shealwaysfindsfaultwith Wehavetoactwithintheexistinglegal Thehigh-speedtrainscanhaveamajorimpactonour Thestudyalsonotesasteadydeclineinthenumberofcollegestudentstakingscience 及，请选择C。There’snodoubt:Inthelastfewdecades,theaveragetemperatureonEarthhasbeenhigherthanithasbeeninhundredsofyears.Aroundtheworld,peoplearestartingtomeasuretheeffectsofglobalwarmingandtryingtofigureoutwhattodoaboutit.Scientistsrecentlyusedsatellitestostudythetemperaturesoflakesaroundtheworld,andtheyfoundthatlakesareheatingup.Between1985and2009,satellitesrecordedthenighttimetemperaturesofthesurfacesof167lakes.Duringthose24years,thelakesgotwarmerbyanaverageofabout0.045degreeCelsiusperyear.Insomeplaces,lakeshavebeenwarmingbyasmuchas0.10degreeCelsiusperyear.Atthatrate,alakemaywarmbyafulldegreeCelsiusinjust10years.Thatdifferencemayseemsmallyoumightnotevennoticeitinyourbath.Butinalake,slightlywarmertemperaturescouldmeanmorealgae（水藻）,andalgaecanmakethelakepoisonoustofish.Thestudyshowsthatinsomeregions,lakesarewarmingfasterthantheairaroundthem.ThisisimportantbecausescientistsoftenusemeasurementsofairtemperaturetostudyhowEarthiswarming.Byusinglaketemperaturesaswell,scientistscangetabetterpictureofglobalwarming.Thescientistssaydataonlakesgivescientistsanewwaytomeasuretheimpactofclimatechangearoundtheworld.That'sgoingtobeuseful,sincenocountryistoobigortoosmalltoignoreclimatechange.Scientistsaren'ttheonlyonesconcerned.EveryonewholivesonEarthisgoingtobeaffectedbytherapidwarmingoftheplanet.Manyworldleadersbelievewemightbeabletodosomethingaboutit,especiallybyreducingtheamountofgreenhouse（温室）gasesweputintotheair.That'swhytheUnitedNationsstartedtheFrameworkConventiononClimateChange,orUNFCCC．Everyyeartheconventionmeets,andrepresentativesfromcountriesaroundtheworldgathertotalkaboutclimatechangeanddiscussglobalsolutionstothechallengesofawarming Scientistshavebeenkeepingrecordsoflaketemperaturesforover30years. C．Notmentioned Thetemperaturesoflakesaroundtheworldhaveincreasedgreatlybetween1985and2009. C．NotmentionedLakesseemtobewarmingfasterin C．Not19．Aslighttemperatureincreaseinalakecouldbeharmfultofish. Scientistsgenerallyfocusonairtemperatureswhenstudyingglobalwarming. C．NotmentionedGlobalwarmingislessthreateningtosmall 22．UNFCCC’sannualmeetingwillbeheldinMexicothisyear. C．NotTheTheiPadisatabletcomputer（平板电脑）designedanddevelopedbyApple.Itisparticularlymarketedasaplatformforaudioandvisualmediasuchasbooks,periodicals,movies,music,andgames,aswellaswebcontent.Atabout1.5pounds(680grams),itssizeandweightarebetweenthoseofmostcontemporarysmartphonesandlaptopcomputers.ApplereleasedtheiPadinApril2010.andsold3millionofthedevicesin80days.TheiPadrunsthesameoperatingsystemasiPodTouchandiPhone.ItcanrunitsownapplicationsaswellasonesdevelopedforiPhone.Withoutmodification.itwillonlyrunprogramsapprovedbyAppleanddistributedviaitsonlinestore.LikeiPhoneandiPodTouch,theiPadiscontrolledbyamultitouchdisplay—abreakfrommostprevioustabletcomputers,whichusesapressuretriggeredstylus（触控笔）.TheiPadusesaWiFidataconnectiontobrowse（浏览）theInternet,loadandstreammedia,andinstallSoftware.Somemodelsalsohavea3GwirelessdataconnectionwhichcanconnecttoGSM3Gdatanetworks.ThedeviceismanagedandsynchronizedbyiTunesonapersonalcomputerviaUSBcable.AniPadhasdifferentfeaturesandapplicationsonecanusetoexecutedifferentandinterestingthings(25.E).TherearelotsofiPadapplicationsthattheownercanusetoenhancethewaytheycommunicate.Someofthesearehowtousesocialnetworkingsitesandotheronlineoptions.Oneofthemostcommonusesisforemailservices.iPadapplicationslikeMarkdownMailallowtheadoptionofspecificandparticularoptions.Theyenabletheownertopersonalizetheiremailaccounts.WhiletheiPadismostlyusedbyconsumersitalsohasbeentakenupbybusinessusers.SomecompaniesareadoptingiPadsintheirbusinessofficesbydistributingormakingavailableiPadstoemployees.Examplesofusesintheworkplaceincludelawyersrespondingtoclients,medicalprofessionalsaccessinghealthrecordsduringpatientexams,andmanagersapprovingemployeerequests.AsurveybyFrost&SullivanshowsthatiPadusageinworkplacesislinkedtothegoalsofincreasedemployeeproductivity,reducedpaperworkandincreasedrevenue.A．OnlinestoresB．A．OnlinestoresB．DifferencesfromiPhoneF．OperatingsystemParagraphParagraphParagraphInApril2010theiPaddevelopedbyApple TheiPadwillonlyrunprogramsapprovedbyAppleif iPadapplicationsenabletheowner’semailaccountsto iPadusageinofficesenablesemployeeproductivityto CellPhones;HangUporKeepMillionsofpeopleareusingcellphonestoday.Inmanyplacesitisactuallyconsideredunusualnottouseone.Inmanycountries,cellphonesareverypopularwithyoungpeople.Theyfindthatthephonesaremorethanameansofcommunication—havingamobilephoneshowsthattheyarecoolandconnected.Theexplosionsaroundtheworldinmobilephoneusemakesomehealthprofessionalsworried.Somedoctorsareconcernedthatinthefuturemanypeoplemaysufferhealthproblemsfromtheuseofmobilephones.InEngland,therehasbeenaseriousdebateaboutthisissue.Mobilephonecompaniesareworriedaboutthenegativepublicityofsuchideas.Theysaythatthereisnoproofthatmobilephonesarebadforyourhealth.Ontheotherhand,whydosomemedicalstudiesshowchangesinthebraincellsofsomepeoplewhousemobilephones?Signsofchangeinthetissuesofthebrainandheadcanbedetectedwithmodernscanning（扫描）equipment.Inonecase,atravelingsalesmanhadtoretireatayoungagebecauseofseriousmemoryloss.Hecouldn'trememberevensimpletasks.Hewouldoftenforgetthenameofhisownson.Thismanusedtotalkonhismobilephoneforaboutsixhoursaday,everydayofhisworkingweek,foracoupleofyears.Hisfamilydoctorblamedhismobilephoneuse,buthisemployer’sdoctordidn’tagree.Whatisitthatmakesmobilephonespotentiallyharmful?Theanswerisradiation.Hightechmachinescandetectverysmallamountsofradiationfrommobilephones.Mobilephonecompaniesagreethatthereissomeradiation,buttheysaytheamountistoosmalltoworryabout.Asthediscussionabouttheirsafetycontinues.itappearsthatit’sbesttousemobilephoneslessoften.Useyourregularphoneifyouwanttotalkforalongtime.Useyourmobilephoneonlywhenyoureallyneedit.Mobilephonescanbeveryusefulandconvenient,especiallyinemergencies.Inthefuture,mobilephonesmayhaveawarninglabelthatsaystheyarebadforyourhealth.Sofornow,it’swisenottouseyourmobilephonetoooften.PeoplebuycellphonesforthefollowingreasonsEXCEPTthey’rethey’reTheword“detected”inparagraph3couldbebestreplacedbyThesalesmanretiredyounghedislikedusingmobilehecouldn’tremembersimplehewastiredoftalkingonhismobilehisemployer'sdoctorpersuadedhimOnthesafetyissueofmobilephones,themanufacturingdenytheexistenceofmobilephonedevelopnewtechnologytoreducemobilephonetrytoprovethatmobilephonesarenotharmfultoholdthattheamountofradiationistoosmalltoworryThewriter’spurposeofwritingthisarticleistoadvisetobuymobiletostopusingmobiletoupdateregulartousemobilephonesless TheBookofspeciesofwhatprobablyexistsonEarth.Withsomanyplants,animals,andothercreaturescoveringtheplanet,itcanbetoughtofigureoutwhattypeofspiderismovingupyourlegorwhatkindofbirdisflyingAsoon-to-be-launchedWebsitemighthelp.AninternationalteamofresearchershasannouncedthecreationofaWeb-basedEncyclopedia（百科全书）ofLife（EoL）TheprojectaimstocatalogeveryspeciesonEarthinasingle,easy-to-usereferenceTogettheencyclopediastarted,thecreatorswilluseinformationfromscientificdatabases（数据that门的）knowledgewillgettojoinin.Birdwatchers,forexample,willbeabletoinputwhichbirdsthey’veseenandwhere.Thetechnologyforthiskindoftoolhasonlyrecentlybecomeavailable.AstheEoLdevelops,youmightfinditusefulforschoolprojects.Thesitewillfeaturespecialpagesforkidswhoarestudyingecosystems（生态系统）intheirneighborhoods.Tomakesuretheencyclopediaisaccurate,scientistswillreviewmuchoftheinformationaddedtoit.Peoplewhovisitthesitewillbeabletochoosetoleaveoutpagesthathaven’tbeenreviewed.AnotherconvenientfeatureoftheEoListhatyou’llbeabletopickthelevelofdetailyouseetomatchyourinterests,age,andcurrentknowledge.Ifyouwantedtolearnaboutbearsforascienceclassreport,forexample,youcouldusethe“novice”settingtogetbasicinformationabouttheanimals.Onthe“expert”setting,ontheotherhand,youcouldgetmuchmoredetailedinformationaboutthehistory,literature,andexplorationofbears.ItnowtakesyearsforscientiststocollectallthedatatheyneedtodescribeandanalyzeThecreatorsoftheEncyclopediaofLifehopethattheirnewtoolwillspeedthatprocess.36．“Spider”and“bird”mentionedinparagraph1areexamplestoillustratetherearenumerouslivingspeciesonitiseasytoseespidersandtherearemanytypesofspidersandThegoalofthecreationoftheEoLiscollectenoughdatatoanalyzethelivingspeciesonworkoutaneasy-to-usecatalogofeverylivingspeciesonenlargeanexistingwebsiteofthelivingspeciesonaddnewinformationtotheexistingdatabasesofthelivingspeciesonAtthestartingstagetheEoLwillgetinformationfromA．allthewebsitesavailable.B．databasesbuiltupbyitscreators.C．theexistingscientificdatabases.Theword“novice”inparagraph5couldbebestreplacedbyWhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTScientistshavecatalogedonlyasmallpartofthelivingspeciesonTheEoLwillbebeneficialtoschoolkidswithitsdevelopment.C．ScientistswillrevieweverypieceoftheinformationaddedtotheEoL.D．PeoplewithdifferentinterestsandknowledgewillinawayfindtheEoL LongerLivesforWildMostpeoplethinkofzoosassafeplacesforanimals,wherestrugglessuchashavingdifficultyfindingfoodandavoidingpredators（猛兽）don’texist.Withoutsuchproblems,animalsinzoosshouldlivetoaripe（成熟的）oldage.ButthatmaynotbetrueforthelargestlandanimalsonEarth.Scientistshaveknownthatelephantsinzoosoftensufferfrompoorhealth.Sometimes,theyevenbecomeunabletohavebabies.Tolearnmoreabouthowcaptivity（圈养）affectselephants,ateamofinternationalscientistscomparedthelifespansoffemaleelephantsborninzooswithfemaleelephantslivingoutdoorsintheirnativelands.Zooskeepdetailedrecordsofalltheanimalsintheircare,documentingfactorssuchasbirthdates,illnesses,weightanddeath.Theserecordsmadeitpossiblefortheresearcherstoanalyze40yearsofdataon800AfricanandAsianelephantsinzoosacrossEurope.Thescientistscomparedthelifespansofthezoo-bornfemaleelephantswiththelifespansofthousandsofwildfemaleelephantsinAfricaandAsianelephantsthatworkinloggingcamps（伐木场）,overapproximatelythesametimeperiod.TheteamfoundthatfemaleAfricanelephantsborninzooslivedanaverageof16.9years.Theirwildcounterpartswhodiedofnaturalcauseslivedanaverageof56years—morethanthreetimesaslong.FemaleAsianelephantsfollowedasimilarpattern.Inzoos,theylived18.9years,whilethoseintheloggingcampslived41.7years.Scientistsdon’tknowyetwhywildelephantsseemtogetonsomuchbetterthantheirzoo-raisedcounterparts.GeorgiaMason,abiologistattheUniversityofGuelphinCanadawholedthestudy,thinksstressandobesity（肥胖症）maybetoblame.Zooelephantsdon'tgetthesamekindofexercisetheywouldinthewild,andmostareveryfatSociallivesofelephantsarcalsomuchdifferentinzoosthaninthewild,wheretheyliveinlargeherdsandfamilygroups.Thestudyraisessomequestionsaboutacquiringmoreelephantstokeepinzoos.Whilesomethreatenedandendangeredspecieslivinginzoosreproduce（生殖）successfullyandmaintainhealthypopulations,thatdoesn'tappeartobethecasewithelephants.Unlikeotheranimalsinzoos,zoo-raisedlivealonggivebirthtomanydeveloppoorhavedifficultygettingWhichofthefollowingaboutthescientists’studyisNOTTheycomparedzoo-bornelephantswithwildTheyanalyzedtherecordsof800elephantskeptinThezoo-bornelephantstheystudiedwerekeptinEuropeanTheykeptdetailedrecordsofalltheelephantsintheirItwasfoundthat,comparedwithfemalewildelephants,femalezoo-bornlivedgrewupdiedmuchenjoyedthesamelifeOneofthepossiblereasonsforthezoo-raisedelephants’problemsistheydonotgetpropertheydotoomuchtheyliveinlargetheydonotliveinfamilyItcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraphzoo-bornelephantsshouldbelookedaftermorezoosshouldkeepmoreanimalsexceptitmaynotbewisetokeepelephantsinzoos.D．elephantsarenolongeranendangeredspecies.FlyingintoWhenyouturnonthetelevisionorreadamagazine,celebrities（名人）areeverywhere.Althoughfameandthemediaplaysuchmajorrolesinourlivestoday,ithasnotalwaysbeenthatway.(46)ManyhistoriansagreethatCharlesLindberghwasoneofthefirstmajorcelebrities,orLindberghwasborninDetroit,Michigan,in1902,buthegrewupinLittleFalls,Minnesota.Asachild,hewasveryinterestedinhowthingsworked,sowhenhereachedcollege,hepursuedadegreeinengineering.Attheageof20,however,theallure（诱惑）offlyingcapturedLindbergh’s (47)Soonafter,Lindberghboughthisownplaneandtraveledacrossthenationperformingaerialstunts（空中特技）.In1924,Lindberghbecamemoreseriousaboutflying.HejoinedtheUnitedStatesmilitaryandgraduatedfirstinhispilotclass. Duringthesametime,awealthyhotelownernamedRaymondOrteigwasofferingagenerousa-wardtothefirstpilotwhocouldflynonstopfromNewYorkCitytoParis,France.TheOrteigPrizewasworth$25,000—alargeamountevenbytoday’sstandards.Lindberghknewhehadtheskillstocompletetheflight,butnotjustanyplanewascapableofflyingthatfarforthatlong. OnMay20,1927,CharlesLindberghtookofffromRooseveltFieldinNewYorkCityandarrivedthenextdayatanairstri（简易机场outsideParisNamedinhonorofthesponsorTheSpiritofSt.LouiscarriedLindberghacrosstheAtlanticOceanandintotherecordbooks.Hebecameanationalheroandahugecelebrity.WhenhereturnedtotheUnitedStates,Lindberghrodeinaticker-tape（热烈的）paradeheldtocelebratehisaccomplishment. (50)AverypopulardancewasevennamedforCharlesLindbergh—theLindyHop.Today,TheSpiritofSt.LouisiskeptattheSmithsonianInstitute’sNationalAirandSpaceMuseuminWashington,D.C.A．HealsoreceivedaMedalofHonor,thehighestUnitedStatesmilitaryB．Eightyyearsago,radioandmovieswerejustbeginningtohavethatkindofeffectonAmericans.C．WorkingwithanaviationcompanyfromSanDiego,California,andwithfinancialhelpfromthecityofSt.Louis,Lindberghgotacustomized（定制的）airplanethatcouldmakethejourney.D．Lindberghusedthisadditionaltrainingtogetajobasanairmailpilot,flyingoutofSt.Louis,HequitschoolandmovedtoNebraskawherehelearnedtobeapilot.F．Hischildhoodwasnotfulloffondmemories.SmokingCanIncreaseDepressiveSymptomsinWhilesometeenagersmayusecigarettesto“self-medicate”（自我治疗）againsttheblues（忧郁）scientistsattheUniversityofTorontoandtheUniversityofMontrealhavefoundthatsmokingmayactually (51)depressivesymptomsinsometeens.“Thisobservationalstudyisoneofthefewtoexaminetheperceived (52)benefitsofsmokingamongteens,”saysleadresearcherMichaelChaiton,aresearchassociateattheOntarioTobaccoResearchUnitoftheUniversityofToronto.“ (53)cigarettesmayappeartohaveself-medicatingeffectsortoimprovemood,inthelong (54)wefoundthatteenswhostartedtosmokereportedhigherdepressivesymptoms.”Aspartofthestudy,some662highschoolteenagerscompletedupto20questionnairesabouttheiruseofcigarettesto (55)mood.SecondaryschoolswereselectedtoprovideamixofFrenchandEnglishparticipants,urbanandruralschools,andschools (56)inhigh,moderateandlowsocioeconomicParticipantsweredividedintothree (57):neversmokers*smokerswhodidnotusecigarettestoself-medicate,improvemoodorphysical (58):smokerswhousedcigarettestoself-medicate.Depressivesymptomsweremeasuredusingascalethataskedhowoftenparticipantsfelttootiredtodothings;had (59)goingtosleeporstayingasleep;feltunhappy,sad,ordepressed;felthopelessaboutthefuture;feltanxiousortense;andworriedtoomuchaboutthings.“Smokerswhousedcigarettesasmood (60)hadhigherrisksofelevated（提升）depressivesymptoms (61)teenswhohadneversmoked,’’saysco-researcherJenniferO’Loughlin,aprofessorattheUniversityofMontrealDepartmentofSocialandPreventiveMedicinc.“Ourstudyfoundthatteensmokerswhoreportedemotionalbenefitsfromsmokingare(62)higherriskofdevelopingdepressivesymptoms.’’The (63)betweendepressionandsmokingexists (64)amongteensthatusecigarettestofeelbetter.“It's(65)toemphasizethatdepressivesymptomscoreswerehigheramongteenagerswhoreportedemotionalbenefitsfromsmokingaftertheybegantosmoke,’’saysDr.Chaiton.12345678910131415161821222324252627293031323334353637384142434445464748495152535458596061641～15115分；16～2217分；23～3018分；试卷满分：100分。 划线词词义是“加速”。Aheld意为拥有；例句：Thecityisheldbytheenemy.这座城市B项offered意为提供，例句：Iofferedherarangeofopinions.我向她提供了一系列看法。Cincreased意为增加。例句：Risingpricesneutralizedincreasedwages.上涨的物价使增加的工资化为乌有。Dexpected意为顿料；例句：Thedoctor'sfeewashigherthanweexpected.这位医生的收费比我们预料的高。很明显C项正确。 划线词的词义是“承认”。Ahoped意为希望；例句：Thingsarenotmovingasfastaswehoped.亊情的进展不像我们希望的那么快。B项admitted意为承认；例句：Ofcourse，partofthechallengeisheradmitteddifficultywithactinginEnglish.当然，一部分是她自己承认的用英语表演的困难。C项reported意为报道；例句：Itisreportedthat20peoplewerekilledintheaccident.20人死亡。Danswered意为回答；例句：Thequestionissimpleenoughtoanswer.这个问题很简单，容易回答。很明显B项正确。 impressionthattheyaren'tveryhappy.我对他们的总体印象是他们过得并不是很幸福。B项traditional意为传统的，惯例的；例句：It’sagardeninthetraditionalVictorianstyle.这是一thatwevisitedisverymagnificent.我们参现的博物馆是很宏伟。Dstrong意为强壮的，有力的。例句：Iwassurprisedtofindthatthestrongmanlikedtoeatconserves.我很惊讶地发现这个强壮的男人喜欢吃蜜饯。很明显C项正确。 withyou.这完全由你来选择。B项idea意为主意，念头；例句：ItwouldbeagoodideatogoWecan’treachadecisionwithoutourchairman主席不在场，我们无法做出决定。Dreason意为原因；动机；例句：ThatisthereasonwhyIdon'tlikeit.那就是我不喜欢它的原因。很明显D项正确。 walletyesterday.我昨天丢了钱包。很明显A项正确。 armyisonthemove.军队在行进。C项reformed意为改革；改良；例句：Becauseofhisencouragement,shewonthebestdesignerbyherreformedcheongsam.因为他的鼓励，她以她turnhimfromhispurpose.什么也不能使他改变目标。很明显D项正确。 划线词词义是“说，讲”。Adoubting意为怀疑；例句：Idoubtthetruthofit.我怀疑它我有话要对你们讲。Dknowing意为知道；例句：There'snoknowingwhattheywilldo.没法知道他们会做些什么。很明显C项正确。 这个谷仓能放五吨粮食。Bsave意为节省；例句：Ilenthimmybikeinorderthathecouldtoobtainascholarship.他没有获得奖学金。D项review意为复习。例句：Beforetheexaminationwehaveareviewoftheterm'swork.考试之前，我们复习了这学期的功课。很明显C项正确。 Heistalkingallthetime.我再也没法忍受他，他一直喋喋不休。B项spend意为花费；例句：Youreallyshouldn'tspendsomucheffortonit.你真不该在这件平上花费这么大的精力。C喷take意为拿，取；例句：Pleasetakethetrashtothegarbagecan.请将垃圾拿到垃圾对去。Dlast意为持续。例句：ThehotweatherlasteduntilSeptember.炎热的天气持续到了九月。很明显A项正确。 takeit.如果提供给她这个工作，接就会接受。B项included意为包括；例句：Thebillcameto$467,taxincluded.467美元，含税。Cinvestigated意为调查，研究；例句：Thepoliceareinvestigatingthemurder.警察正在调查这件谋杀案。D项accepted意为接受；例句：Iaccepteditcheerily.我高兴地接受了。很明显C项正确。 Thechildrenlovedslidingroundthenewlypolishedfloor.孩子们喜欢在刚擦亮的地板上溜圈子。Bcleared意为澄清；收拾；例句：Sheclearedtheleftoversfromthetable.她清掉了柴上的剩饭剩菜。Cwashed意为洗；例句：CanIputwashedproduceinthebag?我可以把iron.我们要请电工修理熨斗。很明显A项正确。 划线部分词义是“挑剔，找毛病，批评”。Acriticizes意为批评；例句：Youshouldnotcriticizehimsoharshlyinhisface.你不应该当面这么严厉地批评他。Bsimplifies意为简Let’sevaluatetheevidence.让我们评估一下