Unit+1+The+mass+media++Reading+Be+a+critical+news+reader!全文翻译对照讲-【知识精研+拓展延伸】高中英语牛津译林版(2020)选择性必修第二册+

Unit1TheMassMedia

Welcometotheunit&Reading词汇critical-->commitment

新译林2020版

选必二Leading-inEverycoinhastwosides.Whatdoyouthinkarethedisadvantagesofmassmedia?Pre-readingThetwonewsreportsandthearticlebelowencourageyoutobeacriticalnewsreader.Readersneedtoanalyze,interpretandevaluatethenews.TheyusuallyQUESTIONboththetextandtheirownunderstandingofthenews.Whatdoyouthinkmakesacriticalnewsreader?Acriticalreaderwould:believethatanewsreportcanbegenuineorfake.beawarethatdifferentnewsreportsmayhavedifferentfocuses.notbeeasilyinfluencedbywhatisreportedinthenews.Whatisthedifferencebetweentheheadlinesofthetwonewsreports?NewsOneNewsTwoFirefightersputouttowerblockfireDeadlyfireintowerblockcausesseriousdamage高层建筑；办公大楼Subject./Maincontent.While-readingReadthetwonewsreportsandanswerthequestions.Fastreading1.Fromthetitles,whatdoyouthinkthetwonewsreportsfocusoninadifferentway?Theleftonefocusesonfirefighters’efforts,whiletherightonefocusesonseriousdamagecausedbythedeadlyfire.2.Whatfactorsmaycausethetwonewsreports’beingpresentedinsuchadifferentway?Journalists’differentperspectivestoshowtheiruniquenessortodrawreaders’attraction.FirstNewsReportonP2FirefightersquicklyputouttheHendersonTowerfirelast

night.Thefire,whichisthoughttohavestartedfromthe8thfloor,spreadquicklythrough

thetower

block

onSundaynight,

leavingpeople

ontheupperfloors

trapped.Fearsgrew

thatthenumber

ofdeathscould

reach5,according

tofiguresreleased

byemergency

services.昨晚消防员迅速扑灭了亨德森大楼的大火。周日晚上的这场大火被认为起于九楼，并迅速蔓延至整栋大楼，导致九楼以上的人被困。根据应急服务机构公布的数据，人们更加担心死亡人数可能达到5人。BeaCriticalNewsReader!Firefightersputouttowerblockfire10Julybethoughttohavedone…被认为做了……强调事情已经发生也可使用bethoughttodo/be…的形式：被认为做/是……。e.g.Classicalmusicisoftenthoughttobedifficultandinaccessible.人们常常认为古典音乐曲高和寡。1FirefightersquicklyputouttheHendersonTowerfirelastnight.

句意：消防队员昨晚迅速扑灭了亨德森大厦的大火。putout

熄灭，扑灭例：用了两小时才把火扑灭。Ittooktwohoursto___________thefire.putoutWhatareothermeaningsof“putout”?Paulahadputoutherluggageforthebus.HeputouthishandtoAlfred.Hecrossedtothenightstandandputoutthelight.WeputoutfromLiverpool.伸向……关灯把……放好备用启航句意：消防队员在晚上11点左右控制了局势。2Firefightersgotthesituationundercontrolaround11p.m.get...undercontrol得到……控制例：1.我们必须控制住经济，否则它真地就会把我们困住。We'vegotto__________________________________oritwillliterallyeatusup.gettheeconomyundercontrolTheyneedto_____________________________asquicklyaspossible,appealingforforeignhelpifneedbe.2.他们需要在最短时间内控制局势，如果有必要可请求国外支援。getthingsundercontrol2.Thefire,which

isthoughttohavestartedfromthe8thfloor,spreadquicklythroughthetowerblockonSundaynight,leavingpeopleontheupperfloorstrapped.which引导非限制性定语从句，对先行词进行补充说明现在分词短语作结果状语,表示自然而然的结果leavesb.done

让某人被……晚上的这场大火被认为是从九楼开始的，很快蔓延到整座公寓楼，导致高楼层的人们被困在里面。现在分词短语作结果状语，表示自然的、顺理成章的结果。句子的主谓部分与分词之间含有逻辑上的因果关系。表示结果的现在分词短语通常放在句子的后面，其前常有逗号隔开,分词短语前有时可加上thus或thereby。作结果状语的现在分词短语的逻辑主语可以是句子的主语，也可以是前面的整个句子。1.现在分词短语作结果状语Thefire,whichisthoughttohavestartedfromthe8thfloor,spreadquicklythroughthetowerblockonSundaynight,leavingpeopleontheupperfloorstrapped.(P2)【语境应用】完成句子1)Hisparentshaddied,_______________________(给他留下了许多钱).2)Anumberofnewmachineswereinstalledinthefactory,______________________________________(从而导致产量的增加).3)He

dropped

the

glass,

___________________(摔成了碎片).leavinghimalotofmoneythusresultinginanincreaseofproductionbreakingitintopiecesFireenginesand

ambulances,

calledat9:30p.m.,reachedthescenewithin15minutes.Bythistime,thefirehadextendedtothe15thfloor.

Firefighters

gotthesituationundercontrolaround11p.m.Thereisconcernthattheconstructioncompanythatbuiltthetowerblockhadnotfollowedfiresafetyrules.

昨晚9点30分，消防车和救护车接到呼叫，并于15分钟内赶到火灾现场。此时火势已蔓延至十六楼。晚上11点左右，消防员控制住了火势。有人担心建造这栋高楼的建筑公司没有遵守消防安全规范。V-ed被呼叫5.Thereisconcernthattheconstructioncompanythatbuiltthetowerblockhadnotfollowedfiresafetyrules.【句意】

有人担心建造该公寓大楼的建筑公司没有遵守消防安全规定。1)Thereisconcernthat...有人担心……2)第一个that引导同位语从句，解释说明concern。3)第二个that引导定语从句，对theconstructioncompany

加以修饰。Detailedreading4.Fillintheblanksaccordingtothepassage.

Firefighters_______towerblockfireFirefightersquickly________theHendersonTowerfirelastnight.Thefire,whichisthoughtto___________(start)fromthe8thfloor,spreadquicklythroughthetowerblockonSundaynight,______peopleontheupperfloors_______.Fears_____thatthenumberofdeathscould______5,accordingtofigures_______byemergencyservices.Fireenginesand__________,______(call)at9:30p.m.,reachedthe_____within15minutes.Bythistime,thefire___________(extend)tothe15thfloor.Firefightersgotthesituation___________around11p.m.Thereis__________thatthe___________companythatbuiltthetowerblockhadnotfollowed________________.trappedputouthavestartedleavingputoutgrewreachreleasedambulancescalledscenehadextendedundercontrolconcernconstructionfiresafetyrulesSecondNewsReportonP2AterriblefirebrokeoutonSundaynight,leavingtheHendersonTowerseriouslydamaged.Emergencyservices

estimatethatthenumberofdeathscouldreach9.Bythismorning,4peoplehavebeenconfirmeddead.Thefirehasalsoleftdozensofpeopleinjured,5ofwhomareinacriticalcondition.LisaMayer,29,isamongtheluckyoneswhoonlysufferedminorinjuries.周日晚间突发一场可怕的大火，致使亨德森大楼严重受损。应急服务机构估计死亡人数可能达到9人。截至今天上午，已有4人确认死亡。大火还造成许多人受伤，其中5人伤势严峻。29岁的莉萨 · 迈耶是只受了轻伤的幸运人士之一。Deadlyfireintowerblockcausesseriousdamage11JulyLocalnewsA2Emergencyservicesestimatethat...(line2)v.tomakeanapproximatejudgmentorcalculationofit

估价；估算n.估计；判断；估价estimated估计的Itisestimatedthat...据估计...asaroughestimate粗略估计...Unit11.______isestimatedthattheprojectwilllastthreeyears.2._______aroughestimate,thetotalcostforthetreatmentwillprobablygoto10,000yuan.3.Thesatelllitewillcostan_____________(estimate)100millionyuan.4.Atleastthenumberofdeathscouldreach6andthatis_________conservativeestimate.Practicemakesperfect.AsItestimatedaSherecalled,“IwasabouttohaveabathwhenI

heardpeoplescreaminganddogsbarking.Ilookedoutsideandthesmoke

waschokingme.Itwaslikeanawfuldream.”MrPeterson,headofthefiredepartment,confirmsthatadroppedcigaretteendonacarpetofthe8thfloorstartedthefireandthattheautomaticfirealarmsdidnotgooff

quicklyenoughtopreventthedisaster.Ateamiscurrentlyinvestigatingtheaccidentfurther.她回忆说：“我正要洗澡，就听到有人尖叫，还有狗在叫。我向外看，却被浓烟呛住。这就像一场可怕的梦。”消防队队长彼得森先生证实，一根掉在九楼一块地毯上的烟头引起了火灾，而自动火警报警器没有及时报警，因而导致了灾难的发生。调查组目前正在进一步调查这起事故。句意：我正要洗澡，突然听到有人在喊，狗在叫……was/wereabouttodo…when…（刚要做……突然）3“IwasabouttohaveabathwhenI

heardpeoplescreaminganddogsbarking...”例1：我们正要离开，这时电话铃响了。We______________________whenthetelephone_____.例2：我正要上床，但这时听到了远处有汽车呜呜作声。I__________________________whenIheardcarspurrinthedistance.时间状语从句wereabouttoleaverangwasabouttogotobed①…was/weredoing…when…（正在做……突然）②…was/wereabouttodo…when…（刚要做……突然）③…was/wereonthepointofdoing…when…(刚要做……突然)④…hadjustdone…when….(刚一……就)⑤Hardly/Scarcelyhad…done…when…(刚一……就)【拓展】when从句的固定搭配Iwasjustgoingoutwhentherewasaknockatthedoor.Theywereonthepointofsettingoutwhenalightrainbegantofall.ThelocalpolicehadhardlyfinishedtheirexaminationwhentheCIDarrived.Detailedreading

________fireintowerblockcausesserious_______AfirebrokeoutonSundaynight,leavingtheHTseriously________.Emergencyservices_______thatthenumberofdeathscouldreach9.Bythismorning,4peoplehavebeen____________.Thefirehasleft______ofpeople______,5ofwhomareina______condition.LisaMayer,whosuffered_____injuries,______thatshe___________haveabath_____sheheardpeople________anddogs________.Thesmoke______her.Itwaslikean_____dream.MrPeterson________thata_______cigaretteendstartedthefireandthatthe________firealarmsdidnot________quicklyenoughtopreventthe________.Ateamiscurrently____________theaccidentfurther.confirmeddeaddamagedamagedestimateDeadlydozensinjuredcriticalminorrecalledwasabouttowhenstreamingbarkingchokedawfulconfirmsdroppedautomaticgooffdisasterinvestigatingPassageonP3ReadingNewsReportsCriticallyWerelyon

newstolearnaboutwhatishappeningintheworldaroundus.However,weusuallyfindthatreportsonthesameeventscontaindifferentorevencontradictoryinformation.Howdothesedifferencescomeabout?我们依赖新闻来了解周围的世界正在发生什么事情。然而，我们经常发现，对同一事件的不同报道往往包含不同甚至互相矛盾的信息。这些差异是如何产生的？Para.1Werelyonnewstolearnaboutwhatishappeningintheworldaroundus.【语境应用】仿写句子。现如今,我们大多数人依赖网络来了解国外的动态。MostofusnowrelyontheInternettoknowwhatisgoingonoverseas.本句是一个主从复合句。whatishappeningintheworldaroundus是宾语从句。relyon...todo...依赖……做……Itisadvisabletoremember

thatjournalistsmayhavedifferentpriorities,whichwouldinfluencehowtheyreportanevent.Let'stakethetwonewsreportsontheHendersonTowerfireasanexample.Wecanseethatthefirstnewsreportpaysmoreattentiontotherescueefforts,whilethesecondtalksmoreaboutdeathsandinjuries.Whenwereadmorethanonereport,wecometounderstandaneventinamorecomprehensiveway.

明智的做法是记住记者眼中的首要事项可能会有所不同，这会影响他们如何报道一则事件。让我们以这两篇有关亨德森大楼火灾的新闻报道为例。我们可以看到，第一篇新闻报道更关注救援工作，而第二篇谈论更多的则是伤亡情况。当我们读到不止一篇报道时，我们就能更全面地了解一起事件。Para.2Wecanseethatthefirstnewsreportpaysmoreattentiontotherescueefforts,whilethesecondtalksmoreaboutdeathsandinjuries.

【分析】主从复合句。Wecansee为主句；thatthefirstnewsreport...andinjuries为宾语从句。that引导的宾语从句中，while连接两个分句，表示对比。Evenifnewsreportsarewrittenfrombasicallythesameperspective,theymaycontradicteachother

intermsoffactualdetails,aseventsintherealworldareusuallycomplicatedandconstantlychanging.Forinstance,thenumbersofdeathsdifferinthetwonewsreportsontheHendersonTowerfire.Whenwecomeacrosssuchfactualdifferences,weshouldnotrushtotheconclusionthatoneofthenewsreportsgivesfalseinformation.Instead,checkwhenthereportswerewritten.即使新闻报道的撰写角度基本相同，它们也可能在事实细节上相互矛盾，因为现实世界中的事件通常是复杂且不断变化的。例如，在两篇有关亨德森大楼火灾的新闻报道中，死亡人数截然不同。当我们发现这些事实性差异时，不应急于下结论，认为其中一篇新闻报道提供了错误信息。相反，要核查这些报道的撰写时间。Para.34Whenwecomeacrosssuchfactualdifferences,weshouldnotrushtotheconclusionthatoneofthenewsreportsgivesfalseinformation.句意：当我们遇到这样的事实差异时，我们不应该匆忙得出结论，认为其中一篇新闻报道提供了虚假信息。例：1.我昨天遇到了一群企鹅。I_____________penguinsyesterday.2.也许我会在法国遇见他。PerhapsIshall_____________himinFrance.comeacross偶然发现；偶然遇见cameacrosscomeacross4Whenwecomeacrosssuchfactualdifferences,weshouldnotrushtotheconclusionthatoneofthenewsreportsgivesfalseinformation.例：1.我们可以推出很多现象，而不要急于下结论。Wecanintroducemanyphenomena,butnot__________________________.rushtotheconclusion仓促下结论totheconclusionrush【拓展】conclusion相关短语inconclusion最后；总而言之jumptoconclusion贸然断言tryconclusion与……一比高低；与……一决胜负

2.that引导的同位语从句Whenwecomeacrosssuchfactualdifferences,weshouldnotrushtotheconclusionthatoneofthenewsreportsgivesfalseinformation.(P3)同位语从句常跟在fact,thought,idea,conclusion,opinion,news,hope,belief等名词后面,用以说明该名词表示的具体内容。连接同位语从句的that只起连接作用,无具体词义,在从句中不充当任何成分,且that不可省略。【语境应用】完成句子1)I________________________________________theseforestswouldbelostforever.

一想到这些森林将永远消失，我就受不了。2)Manyexperts_______________________________manydiseaseswerelinkedtosmoking.许多专家得出这样的结论：许多疾病与吸烟有关。3)Thenews_______________________________________madeusexcited.

我们要举行聚会的消息使我们很兴奋。couldn’tbearthethoughtthatdrewtheconclusionthatthatwewouldhaveapartyNewsreportswrittenatdifferentstagesofanevent

couldcontaindifferentinformationasnewfactsarebroughttolight.Anotheraspectworthyofmentionisthatjournalistsmayapproachinformationtheygetfromresearchorinterviewsdifferently.Supposeemergencyservices'estimatesofthenumberofdeathsvarybetween5and9.Journalistsmaychoosetopresenttheminimum,themaximumorsomethinginbetweenintheirnewsreports.Therefore,checkingdifferentsourcesenablesusto

drawamoreinformedconclusion.随着新的事实被披露，在同一起事件的不同阶段撰写的新闻报道可能包含不同的信息。另一个值得一提的方面是，记者可能会以不同的方式处理他们从调查或采访中获得的信息。假设应急服务机构估计的死亡人数在5人到9人之间，记者可能会选择在他们的新闻报道中呈现数据的最小值、最大值或中间的某个数值。因此，核实信息的不同来源能够让我们得出更有根据的结论。Para.3V-ed作后置定语Tosumup,

itiswisetoreadnewsreportswrittenfromvariousperspectivesandatdifferentstages,whichbringsusamoreaccurateunderstandingofasituation.Wealsoneedtobecriticalabouttheinformationwereceiveandremembernottoblindlytrustwhatwehaveread.Thoughjournalistsare

committedtopresentingthetruth,itisbettertouseourownjudgementthanrelyentirelyonnewsreports.Withgreatdiscrimination,everyoneofushasthepotentialtobeacritical

newsreader.总之，阅读从不同角度、不同阶段写就的新闻报道是明智之举，这样可以让我们更准确地了解情况。我们也需要批判性地看待我们接收到的信息，并且记住不要盲目相信我们读到的新闻报道。尽管记者致力于呈现真相，我们最好还是运用自己的判断力，而非完全依赖新闻报道。有了明辨是非的能力，我们每个人都有潜力成为一名有判断力的新闻读者。Para.4句意：虽然记者致力于报道真相，但我们最好能自己做出判断，而不是完全依赖新闻报道。5Thoughjournalistsarecommittedtopresentingthetruth,itisbettertouseourownjudgementthanrelyentirelyonnewsreports.becommittedto(doing)sth致力于……献身于……例1：这女孩去年被交给姨母照顾。Thegirl______________________thecareofanauntlastyear.例2：我们将致力为新老客户服务。Wewill______________theoldandnewservicestocustomers.例3：我致力于改善世界各地妇女的健康。Iamcommittedto_________

thehealthofwomeneverywhere.becommittedtoimprovingwascommittedtoFurtherConsolidationonthetext.Firefightersquicklyput________theHendersonTowerfirelastnight.Thefire,whichisthought_______________(start)fromthe8thfloor.Aterriblefirebrokeout________Sundaynight,__________(leave)theHendersonTowerseriouslydamaged.Thefirehasalsoleftdozensofpeople__________(injure)，5of_________areinacriticalcondition.Theautomaticfirealarmsdidnotgo______quicklyenoughtopreventthedisaster.Unit1outTextReviewtohavestartedonleavinginjuredwhomoff6.Werelyonnews___________(learn)aboutwhatishappeningintheworldaroundus.7.Weusuallyfindthatreportsonthesameeventscontaindifferentoreven____________(contradict)information.8.Itis___________(advise)torememberthatjournalistsmayhavedifferentpriorities.9.Let’stakethetwonewsreports___________theHendersonTowerfire_______anexample.10.Whenwecome__________suchfactualdifferences,weshouldnotrushtothe____________(conclude)thatoneofthenewsreportsgivesfalseinformation.Unit1tolearnTextReviewcontradictoryonadvisableasacrossconclusion11.Newsreportswrittenatdifferentstagesofaneventcouldcontaindifferentinformationasnewfacts__________(bring)tolight.12.Therefore,checkingdifferentsourcesenablesustodrawamore___________(inform)conclusion.13.Thoughjournalistsarecommittedto___________(present)thetruth,itisbettertouseourownjudgementthanrely__________(entire)onnewsreports.14.Withgreatdiscrimination,everyoneofushasthepotential___________(be)acriticalnewsreader.Unit1arebroughtTextReviewinformedpresentingentirelytobeAdroppedcigaretteendonacarpetofthe8thfloorTimePlaceDeathsandinjuriesRescueeffortsCauseNewsreport1SundaynightHendersonTower(1)____________________________________________________________________(2)_________________________________________________________Newsreport24confirmeddeadanddozensofpeopleinjured(3)_____________________________________Thenumberofdeathcouldreach5Fireenginesandambulancesreachedthescenewithin15minutesA1A1NewsreportsusuallyPart1:Para.

.Summarizethemainideaofeachparagraphbyfillinginthechart.ReadingnewsreportscriticallyPart2:Paras.

.Part3:Para.

.12-34Differencesbetweennewsreportsmaydependon

Wecaninmanyways.comewithdifferenceshowandwhenthenewsreportsarewritten.becomecriticalnewsreadersFastreadingReadingnewsreportscriticallyWhydonewsreportsdifferfromorevencontradicteachother?(4)_______________________________________________________________________________.Newsreportsmaybewrittenatdifferentstagesofanevent.(5)_______________________________________________________________________________.Howcanwebecriticalnewsreaders?Readdifferentnewsreportsonthesameeventwrittenfromvariousperspectivesandatdifferentstages.(6)______________________________________________________________________________.It’sbettertouseourownjudgementthanrelyentirelyonnewsreportsJournalistsmayapproachinformationtheygetfromresearchorinterviewsdifferentlyJournalistswritethenewsfromdifferentperspectivesDetaied-reading1.Howlongdidittakethefirefighterstogetthesituationundercontrolaccordingtothefirstnewsreport?2.HowdidLisafeelaboutthefireaccordingtothesecondnewsreport?A2Readthetwonewsreportsandthearticleagaincarefullyandanswerthefollowingquestions.Aboutonehourandfifteenminutes.Shefeltitwaslikeanawfuldream.3.Whatshouldwenotdowhenwecomeacrossfactualdifferencesindifferentnewsreports?4.Whatmaydifferentjournalistsdowhenanestimateofanumberisgiven?W