国家开放大学《人文英语3》章节测试参考答案

国家开放大学《人文英语3》章节测试参考答案

Unit1ParentingChildren

会话演练

听张华和Mary谈论家庭成员。

ZhangHuapaysavisittoMary'shome,andgetstoknowherfamily.

ZhangHua:Howmanypeoplearethereinyourfamily?

Mary:Thereare（four）,myhusband,mydaughter,mysonandme.

ZhangHua:Doyouhavemuchexperiencewithkids?

Mary:Yes,Ido.Ihave（two）kids.Totellyouthetruth,sometimesIregret

havingababysoearly.

ZhangHua:Iunderstand.I'vebeeninyour（position）before.Atthattimemywifetookcareofourchildren（alone）,andI（seldom）stayedathomedueto

beingverybusywithwork.

Mary:Whataboutyourmother?Didshehelpyou?

ZhangHua:Yes,shedidalittle.Butyousee,youcan'tdependonyourmother

tobeafull-timebabysitter.

Mary:（Sometime）IwishIcouldlookaftermychildrenfulltime.

ZhangHua:Don'tworry.Soonyourchildrenwillbeoldenoughtoattendkindergarten.Thenyoucanfindajobandwork.Besides,it'sagreatfeelingtowatch

yourkidsgrowingup,right?

Mary:Yeah,indeed.

ZhangHua:Bytheway,howlonghaveyoubeenmarried?

Mary:Aboutfouryearsnow,andyou?

ZhangHua:I'vebeenmarriedforabout（five）years.Howdoyoufeelabout

marriagelife?

Mary:Notbad.Ithinkitwasagood（choice）tomarryTom.

边学边练

理解细节，判断准确信息，Mary的有利条件是什么

A.Nowshehasanewjobandworkshard.

B.Shehastwochildren.

C.Hermotherdidalottohelphertakecareofthechildren.

D.Sheissatisfiedwithherfour-yearmarriage.

E.Shelovesherkids,butsheregretshavingbabiessoearly.

F.Shetakescareofherchildrenallthetime.

G.Shehaslessexperiencewithkids.

会话演练

听汤姆和妻子玛丽讨论如何教给孩子正确的行为方式。

TomandhiswifeManyaretalkingabouthowtoteachtheirkidsgoodbehavior.

Mary:Idon'twantyoutobeworried,（butoursonhaspickedupsomebad

habits）Hesaysaggressiveandupsettingworseveryday.

Tom:Whatwords?Couldyougivemesomeexamples?

Mary:Hesays“kickmommy”,“beatmommy”,“don'twantmommy”very

quicklyifIdosomethingthathedoesn'tlike.

Tom:Honey,I（don'tknowwhattotellyou.）Ofcourse,Tonyisayoung

child.Butdonotunderestimatehisabilitytolearnandreason.

Mary:Yes,butsometimeshejustisn'tresponsible.

Tom:Isuggestyoutreathimwithpatience,affectionandrespect.Ifheneedstodosomething,likegoingtobed,orgettingwashed,etc.,pleaseguideorhelphimto

getitdonewithgentleness.

Mary:（It'seasiersaidthandone）butIwilltry.

Tom:TrymotivateTonytocooperatebyrewardhisgoodbehavior.Donot

alwayspunishhim（forlittlethingslikebadmoods,etc.）.

Mary:Iknow.Sometimespunishmentjustdoesn'twork,andinsteadof

behavingbetterhepicksupanotherbadhabit.

Tom:That'strue.Don'tworry,darling.（I'mrightbehindyou.）

Mary:Thanks,darling.Iloveyou.

Tom:Iloveyou,too.

边学边练

听文中对话，根据对话内容完成笔记

Mary:Oursonhas（pickedup）somebadhabits.

Tom:AlthoughTonyisayoungchild,hehastheabilityto（learnandreason）

Mary:Sometimesheevenaskedmetodosome（unreasonable）things.

Tom:TomsuggeststhattheytreatTonywithpatience,（affection）and

respect.

Mary:Punishmentdoesn'talwayswork,andinsteadhepicksupanother（bad

habit）

Tom:You'dbetternotalwayspunishhimforlittlethingslike（badmoods）,

etc.

短文听读

阅读理解，选词填空，完成第一自然段大意。

FamiliesHavingFewerChildrenNowadays

Mostcoupleswhogetmarriedordecidetolivetogethergenerallyplantohavechildren.Severalyearsago,havingbigfamilieswascommonandpeoplethoughtofthisasanadvantage.Thatwasmainlybecausechildrenbeganworkingatanearlyagetohelpprovideforthefamily.Butwiththechangingtimesandwiththecostoflivinggettinghighereverysingleyear,havingabigfamilyisnolongerconsideredapracticaloption.Infact,moreandmorecoupleschoosetohaveonlyonechildand

somedonothaveanydesiretobecomeparentsatall.

Indeed,thetrendofhavingfewerchildrenstartedafewdecadesago.According

totheAustralianInstituteofFamilyStudies,by1986,womenaged40to44years,

wereconsiderablymorelikelytohavegivenbirthtotwochildrenthanthreechildren(36%vs.27%)orfourormorechildren(19%).However,takentogether,womenwerestillmorelikelytohavehadthreeormorechildrenthantohavehadtwochildren

(46%vs.36%).

Twodecadesago,womenweremorelikelytohavehadtwochildrenthanthreeormorechildren—atrendthatwasmostmarkedinthemostrecentperiod(38%

vs.25%in1996;38%vs.22%in2006).Nowadays,mostfamiliesinAustraliahave

twochildren.Butthenumberofwomenwhohadgivenbirthtoasinglechildincreasedprogressivelyfromonly8%in1981to13%in2006,anditshouldbeeven

biggernowadays.

TheU.S.CensusBureaustatesthatthereareapproximately14milliononlychildreninAmericatoday.Thiscomprises20%ofthechildren'spopulation

comparedtoonly10%aroundfiftyyearsago.

Ifacouplegetmarried,theywillprobablydecidetohave（children）.Peopleoncethoughtofabigfamilyasa(n)（advantage）,becausechildrencouldhelpto（support）thefamilywhentheybegantowork.Withtimepassingby,dueto（highercostofliving）,havingabigfamilyisn'tagood（choice）anymore.More

coupleprefertohaveone（child）,andsomeevenwanta(n)（DINK）family.

边学边练

根据短文内容以及图标描述生育孩子的趋势变化。

1.Thisgraphshowstherehasbeenadecreaseinthenumberofcouples（who

havethreeormorechildren）（生三个或更多孩子）.

2.Ifthistrendcontinues,coupleswillhave（fewerchildren）（更少的孩子）

3.Proportion